Portable coal rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a portable coal rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device which comprises a control and power supply part, a loading part, a sample loading part and a screening part which are detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom, a loading piston and a pressing rod are arranged in a shell of the loading part, and the loading piston is connected with a micro air pump; the bottom surface of the loading piston is connected with a pressing rod through a tandem type double-range pressure sensor, a detachable sample loading container is arranged in the sample loading part, a rotary screen, a pneumatic piston and an open metal ring are arranged in a shell of the screening part, and a rotatable inclined screen loading base drives an inclined screen mesh and the open metal ring to rotate together; and a pneumatic piston is arranged below the opening metal ring and is connected with a micro air pump. According to the utility model, the operation link of testing the traditional common firmness coefficient is simplified, the manual operation error is reduced, and the technical equipment support is provided for the prevention and prediction of coal rock dynamic disasters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal and rock analysis technology, and in particular to a portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device. Background Technology

[0002] The firmness of coal and rock masses is an important indicator in the field of mining engineering. Rapid and accurate measurement of the firmness of coal and rock masses, as well as the physical properties related to fracturing, is of great significance for the prevention of dynamic disasters (rockbursts and coal and gas outbursts) in coal mines.

[0003] Currently, the coal and rock firmness coefficient used in Chinese coal mines is the "Protodyakono firmness coefficient," proposed by scientist Protodyakono in the 1950s, measured through the crushing method. Compared with the strength evaluation method, the measurement process based on the crushing method is simpler and has lower requirements for test samples, thus it is widely used in China. The Protodyakono firmness coefficient has become one of the four major indicators required for coal and gas outburst identification in China; a firmness coefficient less than 0.5 indicates that the coal seam is considered to have an outburst risk. To ensure the safe production of coal mines (especially those with outburst risks), coal mines need to frequently and extensively measure the firmness coefficient values ​​at different locations.

[0004] The core principle of the crushing method for measuring the firmness of coal and rock is that the energy consumed in breaking up the rock mass is directly proportional to the amount of new surface area added. In current standard testing methods, by fixing the mass of the falling hammer, the drop height, and the number of drops, the energy consumed in breaking up the coal and rock mass is constant. Therefore, the more new surface area produced, the lower the rock's firmness. Since particle surface area is inversely proportional to particle size, the small-scale coal dust generated during the hammer crushing process provides the vast majority of the new surface area. Therefore, the amount of small-scale coal dust directly determines the rock's firmness. However, using the amount of coal dust to characterize firmness also has problems. Such an indicator lacks practical physical meaning and is difficult to incorporate into various theoretical analyses like strength indicators.

[0005] The ratio of the total energy consumed during rock fracturing to the newly added surface area is called surface energy (also referred to as fracture surface energy or specific work in some studies). Surface energy can be used not only for assessing rock firmness but also for calculating rock fracturing energy, and has a wider range of applications than the Pythagorean firmness coefficient. Under certain conditions, the Pythagorean firmness coefficient can even be calculated from known surface energy. Testing surface energy requires obtaining the precise particle size distribution after rock fracturing, which necessitates numerous sieves and repeated weighing records. Therefore, surface energy testing is more cumbersome than Pythagorean firmness coefficient testing. However, surface energy reflects more of the rock's physical properties and can be used to inversely deduce the Pythagorean firmness coefficient based on statistical or theoretical relationships. Without altering the original firmness indicators of the coal mine, the test results can be further applied to more theoretical studies.

[0006] Under the current standard (GB / T 23561.12-2010 Method for Determination of Coal Firmness Coefficient), although the firmness coefficient test is simpler than the strength test, it is still relatively cumbersome. This is because the test process involves manual sieving and weighing, testing with a metering barrel for coal particles less than 0.5 mm in height, low device integration, a large and difficult-to-carry drop hammer crusher, and the results are greatly affected by human operation, making it difficult to measure the firmness coefficient underground. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a convenient and portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device. This device can realize the on-site detection of coal and rock firmness coefficient in underground mines. It is convenient and automated, reducing human operation errors. The surface energy index obtained by the test can be used to further study the energy consumption characteristics of coal and rock crushing, which is of great significance for the prevention and control of underground dynamic disasters in coal mines.

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows:

[0009] A portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device includes a control and power supply section, a loading section, a sample loading section, and a screening section that are detachably connected from top to bottom. The top surface of the housing of the control and power supply section is equipped with an electronic display screen, and the housing contains a micro air pump, a power supply, and a control module. Below the electronic display screen are the micro air pump, the power supply, and the control module, and the power supply provides power to the electronic display screen, the micro air pump, and the control module.

[0010] The loading part has a loading piston and a pressure rod inside its housing. An upper air chamber is located above the loading piston, and an upper air port is located on the top surface of the upper air chamber, which is connected to a micro air pump. The pressure rod is connected to the bottom surface of the loading piston through a series dual-range pressure sensor. The bottom surface of the loading part's housing has a through hole for the pressure rod to extend. A displacement sensor is installed between the pressure rod and the loading part's housing, and the displacement sensor is connected to the pressure rod.

[0011] The sample loading part has a detachable sample container inside its shell. The bottom surface of the sample container has a detachable bottom plate. A bottom plate disassembly mechanism is provided below the detachable bottom plate. The detachable bottom plate is tightly connected to the sample container and can be separated by the bottom plate disassembly mechanism.

[0012] The sieving section has a rotary screen, a pneumatic piston, and an open metal ring inside its housing. The rotary screen includes a rotatable tilting sieve base and multiple tilting screens: a metal plate and other tilting screens with progressively smaller screen hole sizes. The top surface of the rotatable tilting sieve base has a through hole, and an open metal ring is installed inside the through hole. The outer ring of the open metal ring evenly surrounds the multiple tilting screens. The rotatable tilting sieve base drives the tilting screens and the open metal ring to rotate together.

[0013] A pneumatic piston is located below the open metal ring, and a lower air chamber is located below the pneumatic piston. A base plate disassembly trigger mechanism is located on the top surface of the pneumatic piston. The base plate disassembly trigger mechanism is matched and engaged with the base plate disassembly mechanism. A lower air port is located on the bottom surface of the lower air chamber for connecting a micro air pump.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the loading piston is connected to the pressure rod via a series dual-range pressure sensor.

[0015] Furthermore, the electronic display screen has multiple control buttons on one side: a power button, a data display button, a confirm execution button, and a cancel execution button.

[0016] Furthermore, all the inclined screens are inclined and arranged in a frustum-shaped cone with the open metal ring as the center.

[0017] Furthermore, the opening ratio of the open metal ring is 1:6. In the initial state of the instrument, the opening is aligned with the position between the metal plate and the largest size screen to ensure that all the fragments in the sample container can enter. In the initial stage of screening, the opening needs to be aligned with the position between the metal plate and the smallest size screen to ensure that the smallest coal powder screened out can fall into the sample container from the opening for weighing.

[0018] Furthermore, the sidewall of the sample container is designed with a stepped shape to prevent the sample container from falling downwards during the loading process.

[0019] Furthermore, the top surface of the housing of the loading section is provided with a first annular connection port, the top surface of the housing of the sample loading section is provided with a second annular connection port, and the top surface of the housing of the sieving section is provided with a third annular connection port. The control and power supply section, the loading section, the sample loading section, and the sieving section are connected sequentially through the first, second, and third connection ports.

[0020] Furthermore, the first connection port and the bottom surface of the control and power supply section are male and female mating connectors, the second connection port and the bottom surface of the loading section are male and female mating connectors, and the third connection port and the bottom surface of the sample loading section are male and female mating connectors; the connection ports not only have the function of connection and fixation, but also have the function of transmitting current, electrical signals and connecting gas pipelines.

[0021] Furthermore, the control and power supply unit has an exhaust port on its side for exchanging gas between the micro air pump and the outside environment.

[0022] Furthermore, the control and power supply section includes a hollow cylindrical outer shell, the loading section includes a hollow cylindrical outer shell, the sample loading section includes a hollow cylindrical outer shell, and the screening section includes a hollow cylindrical outer shell. The control and power supply section, the loading section, the sample loading section, and the screening section are connected vertically to form a cylindrical device.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0024] This invention provides a portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device. It is small in size, easy to carry and disassemble, and integrates multiple functions such as loading and unloading, screening and weighing. It can realize the on-site detection of coal and rock firmness coefficient in underground mines. The surface energy index obtained by the test can be used to further study the energy consumption characteristics of coal and rock crushing, which is of great significance for the prevention and control of dynamic disasters in coal mines.

[0025] This invention enables rapid testing of the robustness coefficient and crushing energy of coal and rock in complex environments, whether on the ground or underground. It simplifies the testing process of traditional robustness coefficient testing, reduces human error, and allows the digital information of the test results to be uploaded to the underground network in real time. This provides technical equipment support for the prevention and prediction of coal and rock dynamic disasters and promotes the development of smart mine construction. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the analyzer of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the loading part of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sample loading part of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the screening section of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a top view of the screening part of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the testing and analysis method of this utility model.

[0032] in:

[0033] Control and power supply section 1. Loading section 2. Sample loading section 3. Sieving section 4. Electronic display screen 5. Switch button 6. Data display button 7. Confirm execution button 8. Cancel execution button 9. First connection port 10. Second connection port 11. Third connection port 12. Exhaust port 13. Miniature air pump 14. Power supply 15. Control module 16. Loading piston 17. Pressure rod 18. Sample container 19. Removable base plate 20. Rotatable tilting sieve base 21. Pneumatic piston 22. Base plate disassembly mechanism 23. Upper air chamber 24. Series dual-range pressure sensor 25. Displacement sensor 26. Upper air port 27. Base plate disassembly trigger mechanism 28. Opening metal ring 29. First tilting screen 30. Second tilting screen 31. Third tilting screen 32. Fourth tilting screen 33. Fifth tilting screen 34. Sixth tilting screen 35. Lower air chamber 36. Lower air port 37. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To better understand the technical solution of this utility model, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with relevant illustrations. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described below are not intended to limit the specific implementation of the technical solution of this utility model, but are merely possible implementations of the technical solution of this utility model. It should be noted that the descriptions of the positional relationships of the components herein, such as component A being located above component B, are based on the relative positions of the components in the illustrations and are not intended to limit the actual positional relationships of the components. Example 1

[0035] See Figure 1-5 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device according to this utility model is shown. As shown in the figure, the portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device involved in this embodiment includes a control and power supply part 1, a loading part 2, a sample loading part 3, and a screening part 4 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The control and power supply part 1, the loading part 2, the sample loading part 3, and the screening part 4 are all cylindrical. The four parts are connected vertically to form a cylindrical device with a diameter of 80~150mm and a height of 300~400mm, which can be held with one hand.

[0036] The control and power supply section 1 includes a hollow cylindrical shell. An electronic display screen 5 is provided on the top surface of the shell. A micro air pump 14, a power supply 15, and a control module 16 are provided inside the shell. The micro air pump 14, the power supply 15, and the control module 16 are located below the electronic display screen 5. The power supply 15 is connected to the electronic display screen 5 to supply power to it. The electronic display screen 5 is connected to the control module 16. A number of control buttons are provided on one side of the electronic display screen 5: a power switch button 6, a data display button 7, a confirm execution button 8, and a cancel execution button 9.

[0037] The control and power supply section 1 has an exhaust port 13 of a certain area on the side of its housing for exchanging gas between the micro air pump 14 and the outside environment.

[0038] The power supply 15 supplies power to the electronic display screen 5, the miniature air pump 14, and the control module 16, and can also charge them. The electronic display screen 5 mainly displays the instrument status, parameter test results, test steps, test instructions, test progress, etc.; the electronic display screen 5 has an embedded data acquisition and analysis system, which can realize the acquisition and calculation analysis of pressure, deformation, and sieving data. Before outputting each instruction, the control module 16 sends test instruction information to the display screen. The "Confirm Execution" button 8 and the "Cancel Execution" button 9 determine whether the instruction is executed. The "Confirm Execution" button 8 confirms execution, and the "Cancel Execution" button 9 cancels execution and returns to the previous step. In particular, the switch button 6 is for on / off control, and the data display button 7 displays historical data.

[0039] The loading part 2 includes a hollow cylindrical outer shell. The top surface of the shell has a circular first connection port 10. The shell contains a loading piston 17 and a pressure rod 18. Above the loading piston 17 is an upper air chamber 24. The top surface of the upper air chamber 24 has an upper air port 27, which is connected to a micro air pump 14. The bottom surface of the loading piston 17 is connected to the pressure rod 18 through a series dual-range pressure sensor 25. The bottom surface of the shell of the loading part 2 has a through hole for the extension of the pressure rod 18. A displacement sensor 26 is installed between the pressure rod 18 and the shell of the loading part 2. The displacement sensor 26 is connected to the pressure rod 18 and has an accuracy of <1 micrometer.

[0040] The area ratio of the piston 17 to the pressure rod 18 can be adjusted to control the ultimate stress on the sample during the test. A larger area ratio results in a greater ultimate stress on the sample. The series-connected dual-range pressure sensor 25 consists of two pressure sensors connected in series, with ultimate ranges of 1N and 1000N respectively, an accuracy of <0.1‰, and overload protection for both. The 1000N pressure sensor data is recorded during loading / unloading tests, and the 1N sensor data is recorded during weighing tests.

[0041] The sample loading part 3 includes a hollow cylindrical outer shell. The top surface of the shell is provided with a ring-shaped second connection port 11. A detachable sample loading container 19 is provided inside the shell. A detachable bottom plate 20 is provided on the bottom surface of the sample loading container 19. A bottom plate disassembly mechanism 23 is provided below the detachable bottom plate 20. The detachable bottom plate 20 is tightly connected to the sample loading container 19 and can be separated by the bottom plate disassembly mechanism 23. When loading or unloading samples, the sample loading container 19 and the detachable bottom plate 20 can be removed from the device.

[0042] The sidewall of the sample container 19 is designed with a stepped shape to prevent the sample container from falling downwards during the loading process.

[0043] The screening section 4 includes a hollow cylindrical outer shell. The top surface of the shell has a ring-shaped third connection port 12. Inside the shell are a rotary screen, a pneumatic piston 22, and an open metal ring 29. The rotary screen includes a rotatable tilting screen mounting base 21 and six tilting screens: a first tilting screen 30, a second tilting screen 31, a third tilting screen 32, a fourth tilting screen 33, a fifth tilting screen 34, and a sixth tilting screen 35. The top surface of the rotatable tilting screen mounting base 21 has a through hole. An open metal ring 29 is provided, and six inclined screens are evenly surrounded by the outer ring of the open metal ring 29. The first inclined screen 30, the second inclined screen 31, the third inclined screen 32, the fourth inclined screen 33, the fifth inclined screen 34, and the sixth inclined screen 35 are all inclined, forming a certain angle with the plumb line. The six inclined screens are arranged in a frustum-shaped cone with the open metal ring 29 as the center. The top of the inclined screen is located on the outer periphery of the open metal ring 29, and the bottom is located on the bottom surface of the shell of the screening part 4. The first inclined screen 30 is a metal plate, and the screen aperture size of the second inclined screen 31, the third inclined screen 32, the fourth inclined screen 33, the fifth inclined screen 34, and the sixth inclined screen 35 decreases sequentially. The rotatable inclined screen mounting base 21 drives the six inclined screens and the open metal ring 29 to rotate together. Under the action of centripetal force, the particles can move upward on the inclined screen surface. Changing the acceleration of rotation can make the particles move up and down on the inclined screen surface to achieve the screening effect.

[0044] The opening of the open metal ring 29 has an opening ratio of 1 / 6. In the initial state of the instrument, the opening is aligned with the gap between the first inclined screen 30 and the second inclined screen 31 to ensure that all the fragments in the sample container 19 can enter between the first inclined screen 30 and the largest size screen (the initial condition required for sieving). In the initial stage of sieving, the opening needs to be aligned with the position between the first inclined screen 30 and the sixth inclined screen 35 to ensure that the smallest coal powder screened out can fall into the sample container 19 from the opening for weighing.

[0045] When the mass of coal powder in the sample container 19 no longer increases, stop the screening, align the opening of the open metal ring 29 with the position between the fifth inclined screen 34 and the sixth inclined screen 35, and let the next smallest particle fall into the sample container 19, and record the mass increment; repeat the above operation continuously (each time the screening stops, the opening of the open metal ring 29 moves 60 degrees counterclockwise) until the opening of the open metal ring 29 returns to the position between the first inclined screen 30 and the second inclined screen 31, and the screening process ends.

[0046] Below the open metal ring 29 is a pneumatic piston 22, below the pneumatic piston 22 is a lower air chamber 36, the top surface of the pneumatic piston 22 is provided with a base plate disassembly trigger mechanism 28, the base plate disassembly trigger mechanism 28 is matched and engaged with the base plate disassembly mechanism 23, and the bottom surface of the lower air chamber 36 is provided with a lower air port 37 for connecting a micro air pump 14.

[0047] Before sieving, the instrument needs to be inverted to allow the sieved particles to fall into the sample container 19 along the rotatable tilting sieve base 21. The pneumatic piston 22 has two functions: (1) to raise the base plate disassembly trigger mechanism 28 to the detachable base plate 20, disassemble / install the detachable base plate 20, and after the detachable base plate 20 descends with the pneumatic piston 22, the broken sample in the sample container 19 can fall into the sieving device; (2) after the pneumatic piston 22 rises, the opening of the open metal ring 29 is blocked, and the particles in the tilting screen will no longer fall into the sample container 19 (when the instrument is inverted). Conversely, after the pneumatic piston 22 descends, the particles between the screens will continuously fall into the sample container 19 from the opening of the open metal ring 29 along the rotatable tilting sieve base 21 (when the instrument is inverted).

[0048] In the testing instrument, the control module 16 controls the micro air pump 14, the rotatable and tiltable sieve base 21, the base plate disassembly trigger mechanism 28, and the open metal ring 29. The control module 16 disassembles the base plate by controlling the base plate disassembly trigger mechanism 28. The control module 16 sends control commands step by step according to the designed parameter testing procedure.

[0049] The miniature air pump 14 is used for pressure application and can charge / vent the loading piston 17 and the pneumatic piston 22 separately or simultaneously. The maximum working pressure of the miniature air pump 14 determines the maximum loading force applied to the instrument, and the charging / venting flow rate determines the loading and unloading speed of the instrument. The miniature air pump 14 has two working states. In the first working state, it supplies air to both the upper air chamber 24 and the lower air chamber 36 simultaneously. In this state, the loading piston 17 moves downward to apply pressure to the sample in the sample container 19, and the pneumatic piston 22 moves upward to reduce the upward pressure on the detachable base plate 20 and protect the base plate structure. In the second working state, it only supplies / vents air to the lower air chamber 36. In this state, only the pneumatic piston 22 moves up and down to connect or isolate the sample loading section 3 from the sieving section 4.

[0050] The upper air port 27 and the lower air port 37 are used to connect the micro air pump 14 to the loading piston 17 and the pneumatic piston 22. The connecting pipes can be embedded inside the device or placed outside the device.

[0051] The control and power supply section 1, loading section 2, sample loading section 3, and sieving section 4 are connected sequentially via a first connection port 10, a second connection port 11, and a third connection port 12. The first connection port 10 and the bottom surface of the control and power supply section 1 are male and female mating connectors, the second connection port 11 and the bottom surface of the loading section 2 are male and female mating connectors, and the third connection port 12 and the bottom surface of the sample loading section 3 are male and female mating connectors. The connection ports not only have the function of connection and fixation, but also have the function of transmitting current, electrical signals, and connecting gas pipelines.

[0052] See Figure 6 , Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the testing and analysis method of a portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device according to this invention is provided. As shown in the figure, the testing and analysis method of this portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device, based on the aforementioned portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device, automates the entire process of sample loading, crushing, unloading, inverted screening, and inverted weighing. Each step requires confirmation before proceeding to the next step, and can also be canceled to return to the previous step. Specifically, the method includes the following:

[0053] Step 1: Check if the instrument is installed and connected properly, and press the power button 6 to turn on the instrument;

[0054] Step 2: The instrument first displays "Start loading?" on the electronic display screen 5. Click the "OK" button 8 to confirm execution.

[0055] Step 3: When the loading piston 17 reaches its maximum stroke, the instrument automatically stops loading, and the electronic display screen 5 displays "Loading complete, start unloading?" Click the OK button 8 to confirm execution.

[0056] Step 4: When the loading piston 17 returns to its minimum stroke, the instrument will automatically stop unloading. The electronic display screen 5 will show "Calculate no-load energy consumption?". Click the OK button 8 to confirm execution.

[0057] Step 5: Calculate the net input energy of the piston based on the force-displacement data recorded by the series dual-range pressure sensor 25 and displacement sensor 26. After the calculation is completed, the instrument will record the no-load energy E1, and the electronic display screen 5 will display "Calculation completed, start loading sample?". Click the OK execution button 8 to confirm execution.

[0058] Step 6: Open the second connection port 11, remove the sample container 19 and the detachable base plate 20 from the sample loading section 3, and ensure that the sample container 19 and the detachable base plate 20 are tightly connected.

[0059] Step 7: Load the test particles with a diameter greater than 3 mm and smaller than the radius of the sample container 19 into the sample container 19. The sample volume is about half the height of the sample container 19.

[0060] Step 8: Place the sample container 19 containing the sample back into the sample loading section 3, close the second connection port 11, and the electronic display screen 5 will display "Measure the total mass of the sample?". Click the OK execution button 8 to confirm execution.

[0061] Step 9: Invert the instrument and let the sample fall onto the pressure bar 18. Record the total mass M1 of the sample using the series dual-range pressure sensor 25.

[0062] Step 10: Position the instrument upright. The electronic display screen 5 will show "Weighing complete, start loading?". Click the OK button 8 to confirm execution. The loading piston 17 and the pressure rod 18 will begin to move downwards to apply force to the sample in the sample container 19. At the same time, in order to protect the detachable base plate 20 from aging and falling off due to excessive loading force, the micro air pump 14 will supply air to the pneumatic piston 22 in addition to the loading piston 17, so that the pneumatic piston 22 will be raised and pressed against the detachable base plate 20.

[0063] Step 11: When the loading force reaches the preset maximum value, loading stops, and the electronic display screen 5 displays "Loading complete, start unloading?" Click the OK execution button 8 to confirm execution; the loading piston 17 retracts, the position of the pneumatic piston 22 remains unchanged, but the pressure in the lower air chamber 36 decreases to reduce the unilateral force of the pneumatic piston 22 on the detachable base plate 20;

[0064] Step 12: When the loading piston 17 returns to its minimum stroke, the instrument will automatically stop unloading. The electronic display screen 5 will show "Calculate sample breakage energy consumption?". Click the OK button 8 to confirm execution.

[0065] Step 13: Calculate the net input energy E2 of the piston based on the force-displacement data recorded by the series dual-range pressure sensor 25 and displacement sensor 26. The sample breakage energy should be E2-E1. After the calculation is completed, the instrument will record the breakage energy, and the electronic display screen 5 will show "Calculation completed, start sieving?". Click the OK execution button 8 to confirm execution.

[0066] Step Fourteen: The combination of the base plate disassembly trigger mechanism 28 and the base plate disassembly mechanism 23 above the instrument control pneumatic piston 22 is changed, and the detachable base plate 20 is disassembled from the sample container 19; then the detachable base plate 20, together with the pneumatic piston 22, descends to the bottom, and the sample in the sample container 19 falls downward and enters the rotary sieve through the opening of the open metal ring 29; in the rotary sieve, the first inclined screen 30 is a metal plate, and the sieve aperture sizes of the second inclined screen 31, the third inclined screen 32, the fourth inclined screen 33, the fifth inclined screen 34 and the sixth inclined screen 35 are 3mm, 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.2mm and 0.074mm respectively; the opening of the open metal ring 29 is initially aligned with the position between the first inclined screen 30 and the second inclined screen 31;

[0067] Step 15: After the pneumatic piston 22 descends to the bottom, the loading piston 17, together with the pressure rod 18, begins to fall, ensuring that the broken sample particles in the sample container 19 fall fully into the sieve; the electronic display screen 5 displays "Retract the pressure rod?", click the OK execution button 8 to confirm execution; after the pressure rod 18 rises back to the top, it will serve as the sample tray when the instrument is inverted for weighing;

[0068] Step 16: Shake the instrument to allow the fragments falling on the detachable base plate 20 to enter between the first inclined screen 30 and the second inclined screen 31 through the opening of the open metal ring 29 as much as possible; the electronic display screen 5 displays "Do you want to rotate the metal ring?", click the confirm execution button 8 to confirm execution, and the opening of the open metal ring 29 will rotate 60 degrees counterclockwise to the position between the sixth inclined screen 35 and the first inclined screen 30;

[0069] Step 17: After the open metal ring 29 has rotated, invert the instrument. The electronic display screen 5 will show "Start sieving?". Click the "OK" button 8 to confirm execution. The six inclined screens, together with the rotatable inclined sieve base 21, will rotate counterclockwise. Through the program design, the acceleration during the rotation process is constantly changed, sometimes accelerating and sometimes decelerating, so that the particles move up and down on the screens. The fragments with a particle size <0.074mm will first fall onto the pressure rod 18 from the opening of the open metal ring 29 along the rotatable inclined sieve base 21.

[0070] Step 18: When the screening reaches the programmed time, the rotation stops, and the series dual-range pressure sensor 25 records the mass m1 of fragment particles <0.074mm. After recording, the instrument automatically controls the screen to continue rotating. After a certain time, it stops, and the series dual-range pressure sensor 25 records the mass m1' of fragment particles <0.074mm again. If m1' > m1, the data of m1 is updated to m1', and the screen continues to rotate. After a certain time, it stops and the weight m1' is recorded. m1' and m1 are compared again until m1' ≤ m1. The opening of the open metal ring 29 is rotated counterclockwise by 60 degrees again, to between the sixth inclined screen 35 and the fifth inclined screen 34.

[0071] Step 19: The rotary screen starts rotating again and stops after reaching the programmed time. The series dual-range pressure sensor 25 records the mass m2 of fragments in the 0.074mm~0.2mm particle size range. After recording, the instrument automatically controls the screen to continue rotating. After a certain time, it stops, and the sensor 25 records the mass m2' of fragments in the 0.074mm~0.2mm range again. If m2' > m2, the data of m2 is updated to m2', and the screen continues to rotate. After a certain time, it stops and the weight m2' is recorded. m2' and m2 are compared again until m2' ≤ m2. The screening stops, and the final mass of fragments in the 0.074mm~0.2mm range is determined.

[0072] Step 20: Adjust the opening of the open metal ring 29 sequentially to the positions between the fifth inclined screen 34 and the fourth inclined screen 33, between the fourth inclined screen 33 and the third inclined screen 32, between the third inclined screen 32 and the second inclined screen 31, and between the second inclined screen 31 and the first inclined screen 30. Repeat step 19 to obtain the final masses m3, m4, m5, and m6 of fragment particles with particle sizes ranging from 0.2mm to 0.5mm, 0.5mm to 1mm, 1mm to 3mm, and >3mm, respectively.

[0073] Step 21: The pneumatic piston 22 rises up to connect the detachable base plate 20 to the sample container 19, and then falls down again to position the instrument upright.

[0074] Step 22: Calculate the total mass of the sample after sieving, M2 = m1 + m2 + m3 + m4 + m5 + m6, and compare it with M1. Evaluate the error of this experiment by the mass loss rate μ = (M1 - M2) / M1.

[0075] Step 23: When the mass loss rate μ is less than the system's preset value, the electronic display screen 5 will show "Mass loss rate is less than the preset value, calculate robustness index?" Click the OK button 8 to confirm execution.

[0076] The system will first calculate the energy consumption of the broken surface of the sample:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, γ is the surface energy consumption (J / m²). 2 ), meaning the energy required for a rock to generate one unit of new surface area, where ρ is the apparent density of the tested coal and rock sample (kg / m³). 3 );

[0079] Step 24: The system calculates the Platts strength coefficient of the coal and rock based on the relationship between surface energy consumption and Platts strength coefficient. Finally, the values ​​of surface energy consumption and Platts strength coefficient of this test are displayed on the electronic display screen 5. The test ends and the sample is cleaned.

[0080] In this embodiment, the instrument pre-test check in step one can be replaced by self-testing by adding sensors, programming, etc.

[0081] In this embodiment, if an error occurs during any operation step, the user can click the Cancel Execution button 9 to cancel the operation and return to the previous step.

[0082] In this embodiment, there is no specific requirement for the particle size of the test sample. However, in order to ensure that the surface area of ​​the sample after crushing is much larger than the initial surface area, so that the area of ​​the fragments is approximated as the newly added area, the size of the coal and rock sample should be as large as possible. The lower limit of the sample size given in step seven is a reference value, and the upper limit of the size is not greater than the radius of the sample container 19, in order to ensure that the particles in the container can be stacked.

[0083] In this embodiment, the sieve aperture size of the largest sieve in the sieving section 4, the sixth inclined sieve 35, must be smaller than the lower limit of the test particles.

[0084] In this embodiment, the series dual-range pressure sensor 25 has two functions: (1) the large-range sensor records the loading and unloading curves; (2) the small-range sensor (with overload protection) is used for weighing the sample when the instrument is inverted.

[0085] In this embodiment, the loading and unloading speed of the loading piston 17 is controlled by the flushing and exhaust speed of the micro air pump, without the need for servo control, and the constant pressure holding time can be set by the program.

[0086] In this embodiment, the entire screening and weighing process is automatically controlled by the instrument. Because the instrument is inverted, the electronic display screen 5 and the control buttons are both located at the bottom. To facilitate the display of data and process control during screening and weighing, the display screen and control buttons can be arranged on the side.

[0087] In this embodiment, m1' is theoretically always greater than or equal to m1, and the equal values ​​prove that the sieving is sufficient; the description of m1' ≤ m1 is used in step eighteen to take into account the fluctuation of sensor values, which make it difficult to be completely equal.

[0088] In this embodiment, the sample mass loss during the testing process mainly comes from sieve jamming and adhesion, and the mass loss rate μ can effectively evaluate the sieving effect.

[0089] In this embodiment, there is a theoretical relationship between surface energy consumption and the Praxe robustness coefficient, because the testing principle of the robustness coefficient is the surface specific work theory, and the specific relationship between the two can be obtained through statistical relationships.

[0090] The above are merely specific application examples of this utility model and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. All technical solutions formed by equivalent transformations or equivalent substitutions fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A portable device for analyzing coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient, characterized in that: It includes a control and power supply section (1), a loading section (2), a sample loading section (3), and a screening section (4) that are detachably connected from top to bottom. The top surface of the housing of the control and power supply section (1) is provided with an electronic display screen (5). The housing is provided with a micro air pump (14), a power supply (15), and a control module (16). The micro air pump (14), the power supply (15), and the control module (16) are provided below the electronic display screen (5). The power supply (15) supplies power to the electronic display screen (5), the micro air pump (14), and the control module (16). The loading part (2) has a loading piston (17) and a pressure rod (18) inside its housing. An upper air chamber (24) is provided above the loading piston (17), and an upper air port (27) is provided on the top surface of the upper air chamber (24). The upper air port (27) is connected to a micro air pump (14) through the upper air port (27). The pressure rod (18) is connected to the bottom surface of the loading piston (17). The bottom surface of the housing of the loading part (2) has a through hole for the extension of the pressure rod (18). A displacement sensor (26) is provided between the pressure rod (18) and the housing of the loading part (2). The displacement sensor (26) is connected to the pressure rod (18). The sample loading part (3) has a detachable sample container (19) inside its shell. The bottom surface of the sample container (19) is provided with a detachable bottom plate (20). A bottom plate disassembly mechanism (23) is provided below the detachable bottom plate (20). The detachable bottom plate (20) is tightly attached to the sample container (19) and can be separated by the bottom plate disassembly mechanism (23). The sieving section (4) is equipped with a rotary screen, a pneumatic piston (22) and an open metal ring (29) inside its housing. The rotary screen includes a rotatable inclined sieve base (21) and multiple inclined screens: a metal plate and an inclined screen with progressively smaller screen hole sizes. The top surface of the rotatable inclined sieve base (21) is provided with a through hole, and an open metal ring (29) is provided inside the through hole. The outer ring of the open metal ring (29) evenly surrounds the multiple inclined screens. The rotatable inclined sieve base (21) drives the inclined screens and the open metal ring (29) to rotate together. Below the open metal ring (29) is a pneumatic piston (22), below the pneumatic piston (22) is a lower air chamber (36), the top surface of the pneumatic piston (22) is provided with a bottom plate disassembly triggering mechanism (28), the bottom plate disassembly triggering mechanism (28) is matched and engaged with the bottom plate disassembly mechanism (23), and the bottom surface of the lower air chamber (36) is provided with a lower air port (37) for connecting a micro air pump (14).

2. The portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the loading piston (17) is connected to the pressure rod (18) via a series dual-range pressure sensor (25).

3. The portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic display screen (5) has multiple control buttons on one side: a power button (6), a data display button (7), a confirm execution button (8), and a cancel execution button (9).

4. The portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: All inclined screens are inclined and arranged in a frustum-shaped manner with the open metal ring (29) as the center. The top of the inclined screen is set on the outer periphery of the open metal ring (29), and the bottom is set on the bottom surface of the shell of the screening part (4).

5. The portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening ratio of the open metal ring (29) is 1:

6. In the initial state of the instrument, the opening is aligned with the position between the metal plate and the largest size screen to ensure that all the fragments in the sample container (19) can enter. In the initial stage of screening, the opening needs to be aligned with the position between the metal plate and the smallest size screen to ensure that the smallest size coal powder screened out can fall into the sample container (19) from the opening for weighing.

6. The portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sidewall of the sample container (19) is designed with a stepped shape to prevent the sample container from falling downwards during the loading process.

7. The portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the housing of the loading part (2) is provided with a first ring-shaped connection port (10), the top surface of the housing of the sample loading part (3) is provided with a second ring-shaped connection port (11), and the top surface of the housing of the sieving part (4) is provided with a third ring-shaped connection port (12). The control and power supply part (1), the loading part (2), the sample loading part (3) and the sieving part (4) are connected in sequence through the first connection port (10), the second connection port (11) and the third connection port (12).

8. The portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom surfaces of the first connection port (10) and the control and power supply section (1) are male and female mating ports, the bottom surfaces of the second connection port (11) and the loading section (2) are male and female mating ports, and the bottom surfaces of the third connection port (12) and the sample loading section (3) are male and female mating ports. The connection ports not only have the function of connection and fixation, but also have the function of transmitting current, electrical signals and connecting gas pipelines.

9. The portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control and power supply section (1) has an exhaust port (13) on the side of its housing for exchanging gas between the micro air pump (14) and the outside air.

10. The portable coal and rock crushing energy and firmness coefficient analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control and power supply part (1) includes a hollow cylindrical shell, the loading part (2) includes a hollow cylindrical shell, the sample loading part (3) includes a hollow cylindrical shell, and the sieving part (4) includes a hollow cylindrical shell. The control and power supply part (1), the loading part (2), the sample loading part (3) and the sieving part (4) are connected vertically to form a cylindrical device.

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