Impurity removing device and plastic film residue machine

Abstract

The impurity removing device comprises a volute, a shaft rod and a plurality of flow guide plates fixedly arranged in the volute, the volute is fixedly arranged and arranged outside the shaft rod in a sleeving mode so that an impurity removing cavity can be defined by the volute and the shaft rod, the first end of the impurity removing cavity is closed, a discharging opening is formed in the second end of the impurity removing cavity, and the flow guide plates are arranged in the volute. The first free end and the second free end of the volute jointly form a suction inlet with a downward opening. The multiple flow guide plates are arranged outside the shaft rod at intervals along a spiral line so that a spiral impurity removal channel can be formed in the impurity removal cavity, fan blades are arranged on the shaft rod and avoid the flow guide plates, and when the shaft rod rotates under the action of an external driving unit, the fan blades can generate guide airflow at the suction inlet, so that the impurity removal effect is improved. Straw enters the impurity removing cavity through the suction inlet and then is discharged from the impurity discharging channel. The residual film machine comprises a straw smashing unit, an impurity removing device and a film picking and packaging unit which are sequentially arranged. The straw discharging device is reasonable in structure, and can guide crushed straws to enter the impurity removing cavity and rapidly discharge the straws.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural production equipment technology, specifically to a cleaning device and a residual film machine. Background Technology

[0002] Returning crop straw to the field after harvesting is a common agricultural practice. Returning straw to the field can increase soil organic matter content, improve soil structure, enhance soil fertility, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer used, and effectively avoid environmental pollution caused by straw burning.

[0003] Returning straw to the field typically involves steps such as straw crushing, straw collection, and straw return. When collecting straw, the crushed straw is discharged laterally under the action of an auger, achieving the collection effect. Generally speaking, clean collection will reduce the impact of straw on subsequent planting and reduce the burden on the film-collecting machine when removing mulch. However, in production practice, the collection of the crushed straw is often incomplete, and some straw remains in the field, affecting subsequent operations and increasing the burden on the film-collecting machine. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model discloses a straw removal device that solves the technical problem in existing technologies where straw is not completely collected during straw return to the field, which not only hinders subsequent planting operations but also increases the burden on the film-collecting machine when removing plastic film. The device features a reasonable structure that guides finely chopped straw into the removal chamber and quickly discharges it. The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] A cleaning device includes a volute, a shaft, and several guide plates fixed inside the volute. The volute is fixedly mounted and sleeved outside the shaft, so that the volute and the shaft enclose a cleaning chamber. The first end of the cleaning chamber is closed, and the second end of the cleaning chamber forms a discharge port. The first and second free ends of the volute together form a downward-facing suction port. Several guide plates are arranged at intervals along a spiral line outside the shaft to form a spiral discharge channel inside the cleaning chamber. The shaft is provided with fan blades that avoid the guide plates. When the shaft rotates under the action of an external drive unit, the fan blades can generate guiding airflow at the suction port so that straw enters the cleaning chamber through the suction port and is discharged from the discharge channel.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, several guide plates are located at the top of the cleaning cavity and are fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the volute.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the fan blades are multiple and extend along the shaft axis.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the outer edge of the fan blade extends outward to form multiple protrusions, which extend into the space between the two guide plates and avoid the guide plates.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the fan blades are fixed or hinged to the shaft, and the fan blades extend upward between the two guide plates to guide the straw into the discharge channel. Preferably, when the fan blades are hinged to the shaft, the swing axis of the fan blades is parallel to the axis of the shaft.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the fan blade is fixed or hinged to the shaft by a mounting base.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the fan blade includes two vertical plates arranged opposite each other, the two vertical plates move synchronously, and a connecting plate is vertically fixed to the upper part of the vertical plates, the two connecting plates together form the fan blade.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the shaft includes an intermediate shaft tube, with connecting shafts fixed at both ends of the intermediate shaft tube, and the fan blades fixed on the intermediate shaft tube.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, the volute includes an upper arcuate section, and the arcuate section is coaxial with the shaft. The two ends of the arcuate section extend downward to form a first free end and a second free end, and the first free end and the second free end form a downward-facing trumpet-shaped intake port.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, the suction port has an angle inclined toward the displacement direction of the cleaning device, so that the second free end is set close to the ground, and the end of the second free end includes a detachably connected rubber scraper.

[0015] A residual film machine includes a frame, the frame including two oppositely arranged side plates, and a straw crushing unit, a cleaning device as described above, and a film picking and packing unit are arranged sequentially between the two side plates;

[0016] The straw crushing unit is used to crush straw and scatter the crushed straw outwards;

[0017] Under the guidance of airflow, residual straw on the ground enters the cleaning chamber through the suction inlet of the cleaning device and is discharged laterally through the discharge channel.

[0018] The film picking and packing unit is used to pick up residual film and collect and pack it.

[0019] Beneficial effects

[0020] This invention features a rational structure. Within the cleaning chamber formed by the volute and shaft, several guide plates create a spiral discharge channel. As the shaft rotates, the straw is quickly discharged laterally. Simultaneously, the fan blades generate a guiding airflow at the inlet, drawing scattered fine straw into the cleaning chamber and discharging it through the discharge channel. This results in better straw collection, a cleaner ground surface, and automatic straw pickup, replacing manual labor and preventing impact on subsequent planting. It also significantly reduces the workload and failure rate of the film-collecting and baling unit. Furthermore, the fan blades create a large guiding airflow and a negative pressure environment, promoting rapid straw movement and preventing blockages.

[0021] In this invention, the suction port formed by the volute is funnel-shaped and has an inclined angle, which can cover a larger ground area, providing favorable conditions for the rapid advancement of the cleaning device. At the same time, it is also conducive to miniaturization and better compatibility with existing field return machines or residual film machines. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be derived from the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning device in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 2 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the volute and guide vane after assembly in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 3 Example 1: A schematic cross-sectional view of the main view after the fan blades and shaft are assembled.

[0026] Figure 4 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning device in Example 2;

[0027] Figure 5 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning device after removing the volute in Example 2;

[0028] Figure 6 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning device assembled on the residual film machine; Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate specific embodiments described herein to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Some embodiments may include or substitute parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments herein encompasses the entire scope of the claims and all available equivalents thereof. Throughout this document, the terms “first,” “second,” etc., are used only to distinguish one element from another without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between the elements. Indeed, a first element can also be referred to as a second element, and vice versa. Furthermore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a structure, apparatus, or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a structure, apparatus, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the structure, apparatus, or device that includes said element. The various embodiments described herein are presented in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments; similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably.

[0030] The terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" used in this document to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for the convenience of describing the document and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description herein, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two elements; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] In this document, unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0032] In this article, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0033] In this article, the term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A cleaning device includes a volute 5, a shaft 1, and several guide plates 2 fixed inside the volute 5.

[0036] The volute 5 is fixedly installed and sleeved on the outside of the shaft 1 so that the volute 5 and the shaft 1 enclose a cleaning cavity. The first end of the cleaning cavity is closed, and the second end of the cleaning cavity forms a discharge port. Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the volute 5 is roughly U-shaped. The volute 5 includes an upper arc-shaped section, which is coaxial with the shaft 1. Both ends of the arc-shaped section extend downwards to form a first free end 51 and a second free end 52. The first free end 51 and the second free end 52 form a downward-opening, funnel-shaped intake port. Figure 2 As shown, the suction inlet has an angle inclined towards the direction of displacement of the cleaning device, which allows the suction inlet to cover a larger area of ​​the ground for more efficient straw removal. The inclination angle of the suction inlet is 40~60°, and in this embodiment, the inclination angle of the suction inlet is 45°.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the suction inlet is inclined, so that the second free end 52 is close to the ground. The end of the second free end 52 includes a detachably connected rubber scraper 6. As the cleaning device moves forward, the rubber scraper 6 rubs and smooths the ground. The detachable design makes it easier to replace the rubber scraper after it wears out.

[0038] In this embodiment, several guide plates 2 are disposed on the upper part of the cleaning chamber and fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the volute 5. The guide plates 2 are arranged at intervals along a spiral line outside the shaft 1 to form a spiral discharge channel in the cleaning chamber. In this application, the spiral discharge channel includes multiple length segments arranged at intervals. When the shaft 1 rotates under the action of the external drive unit, the straw in the cleaning chamber can travel along the discharge channel and be gradually discharged from the discharge port to avoid blockage.

[0039] In addition, the shaft 1 is equipped with fan blades 3, which avoid the guide plate 2. The fan blades 3 are designed so that when the shaft 1 rotates under the action of the external drive unit, the fan blades 3 can generate guiding airflow at the suction inlet, so that the straw enters the cleaning chamber through the suction inlet and is discharged from the discharge channel. It has high automation efficiency, can replace manual picking, and is ingeniously designed. By configuring different shaft speeds, different directional guiding airflow forces can be obtained, which facilitates the collection of straw fragments and subsequent farmland operations, while reducing the burden on the film picking and baling unit when removing mulch.

[0040] In this embodiment, there are multiple fan blades 3 arranged evenly in the circumference. The fan blades 3 are fixed on the shaft 1 and extend along the axial direction of the shaft 1. The extension of the fan blades 3 along the axial direction of the shaft 1 includes the case where the fan blades 3 are parallel to the axis of the shaft 1 and the axis of the fan blades 3 has a small angle offset relative to the axis of the shaft 1.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the guide plate 2 is spaced apart from the outer wall of the shaft 1, and the outer edge of the fan blade 3 is positioned close to the inner edge of the guide plate 3. This allows the fan blade 3 to avoid the guide plate 2, while simultaneously forming a sufficiently strong guiding airflow, enabling the straw to enter the cleaning chamber more quickly and efficiently.

[0042] In order to improve the strength of the guiding airflow formed by the fan blade 3, the outer edge of the fan blade 3 extends outward to form multiple protrusions (not shown). The protrusions extend into the space between the two guide plates 2 and avoid the guide plates 2. This can form a more stable and powerful guiding airflow, which is conducive to the straw entering the discharge chamber more efficiently.

[0043] like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the shaft 1 includes an intermediate shaft tube 11, with connecting shafts 12 fixed at both ends of the intermediate shaft tube 11. In this application, the shaft 11 is a hollow tube, lightweight, and has sufficient structural strength. Bearings are fitted at the two connecting shafts 12, and an external drive unit can transmit rotational motion to one of the connecting shafts 12, thereby driving the intermediate shaft tube 11 to rotate the fan blades.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that the inner edge of the guide plate 2 is positioned close to the outer edge of the intermediate shaft tube 11, and the fan blade 3 is hinged to the intermediate shaft tube 11. The fan blade 3 avoids the guide plate 2 and extends upward between the two guide plates 2 to form a guiding airflow at the inlet, guiding the straw into the cleaning chamber and then discharging it outward through the discharge channel. In other embodiments of this application, the fan blade 3 may also be fixed to the intermediate shaft tube 11.

[0046] In this embodiment, the fan blade 3 is hinged to the intermediate shaft tube 11 via the mounting base 4. Specifically, the mounting base 4 includes two ear plates fixed to the intermediate shaft tube 11, and the fan blade 3 includes two opposing vertical plates 31. A connecting plate 32 is vertically fixed to the upper part of the vertical plates 31, and the two connecting plates 32 are coplanar, forming the blade portion of the fan blade 3. The two vertical plates 31 move synchronously. Specifically, a pin passes through the two ear plates and the two vertical plates 31, and a bearing is fitted at the point where the pin passes through the ear plates, so that the fan blade 3 is hinged to the mounting base 4. Washers are also fitted on the pin outside the two vertical plates 31, and the washers press the two vertical plates 31 tightly. This facilitates assembly and maintenance, and also enables the two vertical plates 31 to move synchronously. When the shaft 1 rotates, the fan blade 3 swings under the action of inertial force, which enhances the guiding airflow generated around the shaft 1, allowing the straw to enter through the suction inlet.

[0047] like Figure 6 The residual film machine shown includes a frame, the frame including two oppositely arranged side plates 9, and a straw crushing unit, a cleaning device as described above and a film picking and packing unit are arranged sequentially between the two side plates 9;

[0048] The straw crushing unit is an existing technology used to crush straw and scatter the crushed straw outwards; as shown in the straw crushing mechanism of application number CN202222410166.3 entitled "A Residual Film Baler" and application number CN202222734839.0 entitled "An Integrated Residual Film Recycling Machine". It will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can select according to their needs.

[0049] The cleaning device, under the action of the guiding airflow, draws residual straw from the ground into the cleaning chamber through the suction inlet and discharges it laterally through the discharge channel;

[0050] The film picking and packaging unit is existing technology, used to pick up residual film and collect and package it. Examples include patent applications CN202222410166.3 (titled "A Residual Film Packaging Machine") and CN202020061380.0 (titled "An Integrated Residual Film Picking and Packaging Machine"). Further details are omitted here; those skilled in the art can select the appropriate unit based on their needs. The two ends of the volute 5 are fixedly connected to the side plates 9, and the discharge port of the cleaning chamber passes through the corresponding side plate 9.

[0051] After the residual film machine sweeps the field, the straw crushing unit crushes the straw and throws or discharges the crushed straw outwards or laterally.

[0052] Straw that is not transported by the straw crushing unit remains in the field. When the straw cleaning device sweeps through, the remaining straw can automatically enter the cleaning chamber under negative pressure and be discharged laterally. The straw collection effect is good, which can greatly reduce the amount of straw remaining in the field, facilitate subsequent agricultural operations, and reduce the burden on the film picking and baling unit when removing plastic film.

[0053] The present invention has been described above by way of example, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any modifications or variations made based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A cleaning device, characterized in that, The device includes a volute (5), a shaft (1), and several guide plates (2) fixed inside the volute (5). The volute (5) is fixedly installed and sleeved outside the shaft (1) so that the volute (5) and the shaft (1) enclose a cleaning cavity. The first end of the cleaning cavity is closed, and the second end of the cleaning cavity forms a discharge port. The first free end (51) and the second free end (52) of the volute (5) together form a downward-facing suction port. Several guide plates (2) are arranged at intervals along a spiral line outside the shaft (1) to form a spiral discharge channel in the cleaning cavity. The shaft (1) is provided with fan blades (3), and the fan blades (3) avoid the guide plates (2).

2. The cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several guide plates (2) are located on the upper part of the cleaning cavity and are fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the volute (5) upwards.

3. The cleaning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fan blades (3) are multiple and extend axially along the shaft (1).

4. The cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer edge of the fan blade (3) extends outward to form a plurality of protrusions, which extend into the space between the two guide plates (2) and avoid the guide plates (2).

5. The cleaning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fan blade (3) is fixed or hinged to the shaft (1), and the fan blade (3) extends upward between the two guide plates (2) to guide the straw into the discharge channel.

6. The cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fan blade (3) is fixed or hinged to the shaft (1) by a mounting base (4).

7. The cleaning device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fan blade (3) includes two vertical plates (31) arranged opposite to each other. The two vertical plates (31) move synchronously, and a connecting plate (32) is vertically fixed to the upper part of the vertical plate (31). The two connecting plates (32) together form the blade of the fan blade (3).

8. The cleaning device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7, characterized in that, The shaft (1) includes an intermediate shaft tube (11), with connecting shafts (12) fixed at both ends of the intermediate shaft tube (11), and the fan blades are fixed on the intermediate shaft tube (11).

9. The cleaning device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The volute (5) includes an upper arc section, and the arc section is coaxial with the shaft (1). The two ends of the arc section extend downward to form a first free end (51) and a second free end (52). The first free end (51) and the second free end (52) form a funnel-shaped intake port with the opening facing downward.

10. The cleaning device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The suction port has an angle inclined toward the displacement direction of the cleaning device, so that the second free end (52) is set close to the ground, and the end of the second free end (52) includes a detachably connected rubber scraper (6).

11. A residual film machine, characterized in that, The machine includes a frame, which includes two opposing side plates (9), and between the two side plates (9) are arranged in sequence a straw crushing unit, a cleaning device as described in any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, and 10, and a film picking and packaging unit; The straw crushing unit is used to crush straw and scatter the crushed straw outwards; Under the guidance of airflow, residual straw on the ground enters the cleaning chamber through the suction inlet of the cleaning device and is discharged laterally through the discharge channel. The film picking and packing unit is used to pick up residual film and collect and pack it.

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