Detachable anti-material-accumulation dry purification boiling device

Abstract

The utility model provides a detachable anti-material-accumulation dry purification boiling device, which is characterized in that a boiling device gas chamber is divided into a left gas chamber and a right gas chamber which are symmetrical, the sections of the two gas chambers are semi-arc-shaped on the inner side and square on the outer side, and the two gas chambers are provided with gasification gas inlet holes and gas inlet valves corresponding to the gasification gas inlet holes; a gasification plate is correspondingly arranged in each of the left gas chamber and the right gas chamber, the shape of the gasification plate is matched with the section of the corresponding gas chamber, and the gasification plate is arranged to form a certain inclined angle with the horizontal plane; the gasification plate is detachably fixed in the gas chamber through the locking flange and the gasification locking counter flange; a plurality of quick-opening holes are formed in the side part of the air chamber of the boiling device, so that base slag at the bottom can be cleaned in time. The air chamber of the boiling device is designed to be divided into chambers, so that the boiling device is convenient to mount and dismount, the problems that accumulated slag at the bottom of the boiling device cannot be cleaned, a boiling plate is blocked, and fluorine-loaded aluminum oxide is unsmooth to convey are thoroughly solved, and the safety and reliability of equipment operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of industrial electrolysis flue gas treatment technology, and specifically relates to a detachable anti-accumulation dry purification boiling device. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial aluminum electrolysis cells use fluoride-alumina melt as the electrolyte and carbon materials as electrodes for electrolysis. Liquid metallic aluminum is deposited at the cathode, while anode gas, mainly composed of CO2, is generated. Simultaneously, flue gas, primarily composed of air pollutants such as fluorides, dust, and sulfur dioxide, is emitted. This flue gas, along with the anode gas, is collectively referred to as electrolysis flue gas. The main harmful components in electrolysis flue gas are fluorides, dust, and sulfur dioxide.

[0003] In accordance with the requirements of the national environmental protection standards "Emission Standard of Pollutants for Aluminum Industry" (GB25465-2010), "Amendment to Emission Standard of Pollutants for Aluminum Industry" (GB25465-2010) (2013), "Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Factors in Industrial Premises" (GBZ2-2007), and the "Standard Conditions for Aluminum Industry" (2013 Revision) issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, it is necessary to efficiently collect the flue gas emitted from electrolytic cells, improve the working environment in the electrolysis workshop, and centrally treat the electrolysis flue gas to recover harmful components and ensure that the flue gas is discharged in compliance with standards.

[0004] For the recovery of fluorides from electrolytic flue gas, dry adsorption purification using alumina is commonly employed. The basic principle is based on adsorption reactions. Adsorption is a surface-based process; the larger the specific surface area of ​​the adsorbent, the stronger its adsorption capacity. Higher boiling points of the adsorbate facilitate adsorption, while lower boiling points make it more difficult to adsorb. Adsorption is generally classified into physical adsorption and chemical adsorption.

[0005] Al₂O₃ has high porosity and a large specific surface area. As an amphoteric compound, it exhibits good adsorption properties for acidic gases and asphalt volatiles. Experiments have shown that Al₂O₃ adsorbs HF primarily through chemisorption, followed by physisorption. The chemisorption results in a monolayer adsorption of two HF molecules on the Al₂O₃ surface.

[0006] For physical adsorption, the boiling point of the adsorbate is crucial. For chemisorption, in addition to boiling point, the reactivity of the adsorbent and adsorbate is also extremely important. HF is characterized by its high boiling point, strong chemical reactivity, and ease of adsorption by Al2O3.

[0007] Although dry adsorption purification and recovery technology in the electrolytic aluminum industry is relatively mature, it faces numerous problems in actual operation and exhibits poor adaptability. These problems are particularly pronounced when dealing with large volumes of flue gas from 600KA electrolytic cells. The most critical components are the defluorination reactor and the fluidized bed device. For vertical radial multi-point reactors, dry purification dust collectors with bottom-inlet dust collectors in the dust hopper simply incorporate fluidized bed devices (such as…). Figure 1 The following are the main problems with the expansion (as shown):

[0008] 1) Due to limited space on site, the diameter of individual reactors will inevitably increase, and the corresponding fluidizing device must also be enlarged, resulting in uneven flow field distribution, poor alumina distribution effect, and uneven fluidizing air distribution in the fluidizing device.

[0009] 2) The fluidizing device has no slope. For large-section fluidizing devices, the fluidity is poor. The adsorbed alumina does not flow out of the overflow port, resulting in an increase in alumina in the fluidizing bed. The alumina flows into the reactor inlet flue, causing the inlet flue to be blocked by material accumulation.

[0010] 3) The slag at the bottom of the large-section boiling device cannot be cleaned, which blocks the boiling plate, preventing the alumina from boiling, causing the alumina to break, become blocked and not flow, and clump together.

[0011] 4) Large-section boiling devices are made of a single boiling vaporization plate. If the boiling vaporization plate breaks, it cannot be replaced. Furthermore, it is difficult to ensure the positioning of the bolt holes of the boiling vaporization plate during installation, and the boiling vaporization plate cannot be tightened, making installation difficult.

[0012] Therefore, how to achieve uniform distribution of alumina and fluidizing air in large-diameter boiling devices, as well as convenient maintenance and disassembly of boiling vaporization plates, is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0013] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a detachable anti-accumulation dry purification boiling device.

[0014] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0015] A detachable anti-accumulation dry purification fluidized bed device is provided. The device is installed at the connection between the dust collector hopper and the flue gas reactor (specifically at the connection between the hopper and the upper part of the reactor). It ensures the flow state of the material at the bottom of the hopper. The fluidized bed device includes a fluidized bed gas chamber, a gasification plate, a quick-opening hole, and a gasification inlet hole.

[0016] The boiling device is divided into two symmetrical chambers, left and right. The cross-section of each chamber is semi-circular on the inside and square on the outside. Both chambers are equipped with vaporization inlet holes and corresponding inlet valves.

[0017] A vaporization plate is installed in each of the left and right gas chambers. The shape of the vaporization plate matches the cross-section of the corresponding gas chamber, and the vaporization plate is set at a certain angle to the horizontal plane. The vaporization plate is detachably fixed in the gas chamber by a locking flange and a vaporization locking reverse flange.

[0018] Several quick-opening holes are provided on the side of the gas chamber of the boiling device to enable timely cleaning of the bottom slag.

[0019] Furthermore, the angle of inclination of the vaporization plate to the horizontal plane is not less than 3°.

[0020] Furthermore, the number of quick-opening holes is n, where n≥2.

[0021] Furthermore, a baffle plate is provided above the vaporization inlet.

[0022] The advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0023] 1. Existing boiling devices have large gas chambers, which makes disassembly and maintenance difficult. The dry purification boiling device described in this patent, by dividing the gas chamber of the boiling device into compartments, makes the installation and disassembly of the boiling device convenient. It completely solves the problems of the bottom sludge accumulation in the boiling device being unable to be cleaned, the boiling plate being blocked, and the poor conveying of fluorinated alumina, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the equipment operation.

[0024] 2. In the dry purification boiling device described in this patent, the vaporization plate is set at a certain angle to the horizontal plane, which can solve the problem that the fluorinated alumina cannot flow in the boiling device with a large cross section, and at the same time avoid the situation that the fluorinated alumina in the boiling device increases and runs into the inlet flue.

[0025] 3. In the dry purification boiling device described in this patent, several quick-opening holes are provided on the side of the gas chamber of the boiling device to facilitate the cleaning of the bottom sludge and avoid the boiling bed from failing to boil due to caking and clumping. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing boiling device;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable anti-accumulation dry purification boiling device described in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view of section AA;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Top view of the BB section.

[0031] In the diagram, the arrows indicate the flow direction of the electrolytic flue gas; 1-boiling device gas chamber, 2-gasification plate, 3-locking flange, 4-quick opening hole, 5-gasification air inlet, 501-baffle plate, 6-air inlet flue, 7-gasification locking flange. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features described in the following patent description can be combined with each other; all other patents obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0033] It should be noted that various aspects within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functions other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figures 2-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a detachable anti-accumulation dry purification boiling device, which is installed at the bottom of the flue gas reaction device. The boiling device includes a boiling device gas chamber 1, a gasification plate 2, a quick-opening hole 4, and a gasification inlet hole 5.

[0036] The boiling device's gas chamber 1 is divided into two symmetrical gas chambers, left and right. The cross-section of each gas chamber is semi-circular on the inside and square on the outside. Each gas chamber is equipped with a vaporization air inlet 5 and a corresponding air inlet valve, thereby enabling independent air intake for the two gas chambers. This not only ensures that the entire gas chamber can be directly disassembled from the bottom of the boiling device, but also allows the air intake volume of each gas chamber to be adjusted according to the amount of ash stored in the ash hopper's vaporization plate by switching the air inlet valve.

[0037] To prevent air from directly scouring the vaporization plate and extend its service life, a baffle plate 501 is provided above the vaporization air inlet, so that the air entering the boiling device's air chamber is diverted by the baffle plate.

[0038] A vaporization plate 2 is respectively installed in the left and right gas chambers. The shape of the vaporization plate matches the cross-section of the corresponding gas chamber, and the vaporization plate is set at a certain angle to the horizontal plane. The vaporization plate is detachably fixed in the gas chamber by a locking flange and a vaporization locking reverse flange.

[0039] Several quick-opening holes are provided on the side of the gas chamber of the boiling device to enable timely cleaning of the bottom slag.

[0040] To ensure that the ash in the gasification plate can flow naturally under the influence of boiling gas, the angle between the gasification plate and the horizontal plane is not less than 3°.

[0041] In this embodiment, based on the actual size of the gas chamber of the boiling device, the number of quick-opening holes is two, the purpose of which is to enable manual periodic cleaning of the sludge accumulated at the bottom of the boiling bed.

[0042] The dry purification method for electrolytic flue gas using the boiling device includes the following steps:

[0043] The electrolytic flue gas to be treated (the harmful components are mainly fluorides, dust and sulfur dioxide) enters the flue gas reaction device vertically upward through the inlet flue 6. In the flue gas reaction device, the hydrogen fluoride gas (HF) in the electrolytic flue gas undergoes a chemical reaction and adsorption reaction with alumina (AL2O3), turning the hydrogen fluoride gas into a solid form - fluorine-loaded alumina.

[0044] Fluorine-loaded alumina falls into the first aspect of the removable anti-accumulation dry purification fluidizing device at the bottom of the flue gas reactor:

[0045] First, by controlling the air inlet valves on the two air chambers, the air delivered by the high-pressure centrifugal fan is sent into the boiling device air chamber through the vaporization air inlet. The air penetrates the vaporization plate in the air chamber evenly, so that the fluorine-loaded alumina on the upper part of the vaporization plate boils evenly.

[0046] Because the gasification plate is set at a certain angle to the horizontal plane, the fluorinated alumina on the gasification plate flows toward the return material inlet for recycling.

[0047] Secondly, after running for a certain period of time, the quick-opening hole is opened periodically to clean the bottom slag in the gasification plate, thereby ensuring that the fluorinated alumina on the gasification plate flows to the return material inlet for recycling.

[0048] This ensures that fluorinated alumina does not accumulate on the aeration plate, while also reducing the continuous wear of fluorinated alumina, which would form floating ash that is not conducive to settling and cause poor material return in the system.

[0049] Finally, when the vaporization plate is damaged or needs to be replaced after 3 to 5 years of use, the locking flange and the vaporization locking flange can be disassembled, and the vaporization plates in the left and right gas chambers can be replaced simultaneously or separately.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A detachable anti-accumulation dry purification fluidized bed device, wherein the device is installed at the connection between the dust collector hopper and the flue gas reaction device, characterized in that, The boiling device includes a boiling device air chamber (1), a vaporization plate (2), a quick-opening hole (4), and a vaporization air inlet (5); The boiling device gas chamber (1) is divided into two symmetrical gas chambers, left and right. The cross-section of the two gas chambers is a semi-circular arc on the inside and a square on the outside. Both gas chambers are provided with vaporization inlet holes (5) and corresponding inlet valves. A vaporization plate (2) is set in each of the left and right gas chambers respectively. The shape of the vaporization plate (2) matches the cross section of the corresponding gas chamber, and the vaporization plate is set at a certain angle to the horizontal plane. The vaporization plate is detachably fixed in the gas chamber by a locking flange (3) and a vaporization locking reverse flange (7). Several quick-opening holes (4) are provided on the side of the gas chamber of the boiling device to enable timely cleaning of the bottom slag.

2. The boiling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle of inclination of the vaporization plate (2) to the horizontal plane is not less than 3°.

3. The boiling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of quick-opening holes (4) is n, where n≥2.

4. The boiling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle plate (501) is provided above the vaporization inlet (5).

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