Treatment device for smoke dust

Abstract

The utility model discloses a processing device for smoke dust, which comprises a smoke dust collecting device, a smoke dust collecting device, a smoke dust collecting device, a smoke dust collecting device and a smoke dust collecting device, and the smoke dust collecting device is provided with a first outlet and a second outlet; the alkali washing device is communicated with the first outlet and is used for carrying out alkali washing on the soot; the neutralizing device is arranged at the downstream of the alkali washing device and is communicated with the second outlet; the settling device is communicated with the liquid outlet of the neutralizing device, a settling liquid outlet is formed in the settling device, and the settling liquid outlet is communicated with the alkali washing device. The treatment device can be used for recycling fluorine, sodium, potassium and other elements in the soot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metallurgical technology, and in particular to a device for treating flue gas. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, blast furnace gas ash, converter dust, electric furnace dust, etc. are generated during the steelmaking process. The elements such as fluorine, sodium, and potassium in these dusts are hazardous wastes and need to be disposed of properly. Therefore, how to treat the dust and recycle elements such as fluorine, sodium, and potassium has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this invention is to provide a device for treating flue dust. This device can recover and utilize elements such as fluorine, sodium, and potassium from flue dust.

[0004] The device for treating flue gas according to this utility model includes: a flue gas collection device, which has a first outlet and a second outlet; an alkaline washing device, which is connected to the first outlet and is used to wash the flue gas with alkaline solution; a neutralization device, which is located downstream of the alkaline washing device and is connected to the second outlet; and a sedimentation device, which is connected to the outlet of the neutralization device and forms a sedimentation liquid outlet, which is connected to the alkaline washing device.

[0005] The dust treatment device of this invention removes high levels of fluorine and chlorine from the flue dust by adding sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate to an alkaline washing device. When the alkaline washing solution is close to saturation, more flue dust is added to adjust the pH, maximizing the utilization rate of sodium hydroxide. Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a neutralization device to adjust the pH, converting carbonate ions in the solution into bicarbonate ions. The neutralized solution is then subjected to sedimentation and crystallization operations through a sedimentation device to obtain calcium fluoride, sodium chloride, and potassium chloride, thereby achieving the recovery of elements such as fluorine, sodium, and potassium and improving resource utilization.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the neutralization device includes: a first neutralization section, which is connected to the discharge port of the alkaline washing device and the second outlet respectively; and a second neutralization section, which is disposed downstream of the first neutralization section and connected to the sedimentation device, and the second neutralization section is provided with a first liquid inlet suitable for adding acidic liquid.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the processing device further includes: a first separation device, the first separation device being provided with a first inlet connected to the first neutralization section, a first solid outlet and a first liquid outlet, the first solid outlet being connected to the alkaline washing device, and the first liquid outlet being connected to the second neutralization section.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the sedimentation device includes: a sedimentation section, which is connected to the second neutralization section, and the sedimentation section is provided with a second liquid inlet suitable for adding calcium chloride.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the sedimentation device further includes: a crystallization section, which is disposed downstream of the sedimentation section and contains the settled liquid; the crystallization section is adapted to heat the settled liquid; the liquid forms a separated liquid after evaporation, cooling and crystallization; the crystallization section is provided with a sedimentation liquid outlet and transports the separated liquid to the alkaline washing device.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the sedimentation device further includes: a second separation device, the second separation device being provided with a second inlet connected to the crystallization section, a second solid outlet and a second liquid outlet, the second liquid outlet being connected to the alkaline washing device.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the alkaline washing device is provided with a first feeding port and a second feeding port, the first feeding port being suitable for adding sodium hydroxide and the second feeding port being suitable for adding sodium carbonate.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the opening degree of the first feeding port and the second feeding port can be adjusted to select the ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate.

[0013] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dust treatment device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] Figure label:

[0017] Processing device 1;

[0018] Ash collection device 11, first outlet 111, second outlet 112;

[0019] Alkali washing device 12, first feed port 121, second feed port 122;

[0020] Neutralization device 13, first neutralization section 131, second neutralization section 132, first liquid inlet 1321;

[0021] Settling device 14, settling section 141, second liquid inlet 1411, crystallization section 142;

[0022] First separation device 15, first feed inlet 151, first solid discharge outlet 152, first liquid discharge outlet 153;

[0023] Second separation device 16, second feed inlet 161, second solid discharge outlet 162, second liquid discharge outlet 163. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0025] In related technologies, blast furnace gas ash, converter dust, electric furnace dust, etc. are generated during the steelmaking process. The elements such as fluorine, sodium, and potassium in these dusts are hazardous wastes and need to be disposed of properly. Therefore, how to treat the dust and recycle elements such as fluorine, sodium, and potassium has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field.

[0026] The following is for reference. Figure 1 This invention describes an apparatus for treating smoke and dust according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] The dust treatment device 1 according to the present invention includes: a dust collection device 11, which is provided with a first outlet 111 and a second outlet 112; an alkaline washing device 12, which is connected to the first outlet 111 and is used to perform alkaline washing on the dust; a neutralization device 13, which is located downstream of the alkaline washing device 12 and is connected to the second outlet 112; and a settling device 14, which is connected to the liquid outlet of the neutralization device 13 and forms a settling liquid outlet, which is connected to the alkaline washing device 12.

[0028] Specifically, the soot collection device 11 is responsible for collecting the generated soot. The soot collection device 11 is equipped with a first outlet 111 and a second outlet 112. The soot collection device 11 can be connected to subsequent processing units through the first outlet 111 and the second outlet 112 respectively to achieve soot diversion processing. The alkaline washing device 12 is connected to the first outlet 111 of the soot collection device 11 and is used to perform alkaline washing treatment on the collected soot. By adding an alkaline solution (sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, etc.), a chemical reaction occurs with the soot. The alkaline washing device 12 ensures sufficient contact between the soot and the alkaline solution, improving processing efficiency. Downstream of the alkaline washing device 12, a neutralization device 13 is provided. The neutralization device 13 is connected to the second outlet 112 of the soot collection device 11 and further neutralizes the alkaline washing solution. The pH value of the solution can be adjusted to neutral or near neutral by adding an appropriate amount of acidic substance. The settling device 14 is connected to the outlet of the neutralization device 13 and is responsible for receiving the treated solution. The settling device 14 can cause the solid particles in the solution to settle to the bottom by gravity, forming sediment. The settling device 14 is equipped with a settling liquid outlet, which is connected to the alkaline washing device 12, realizing the recycling of the settling liquid and further improving the treatment efficiency.

[0029] According to the present invention, the fume treatment device 1 removes high levels of fluorine and chlorine from the fume by adding sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate to the alkaline washing device 12. When the alkaline washing solution is close to saturation, fume is added to adjust the pH to maximize the utilization rate of sodium hydroxide. The pH is adjusted by adding dilute hydrochloric acid to the neutralization device 13 to convert carbonate ions in the solution into bicarbonate ions. The neutralized solution is then subjected to sedimentation and crystallization operations by the sedimentation device 14 to obtain calcium fluoride, sodium chloride, and potassium chloride, thereby realizing the recovery of elements such as fluorine, sodium, and potassium and improving resource utilization.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the neutralization device 13 includes: a first neutralization section 131, which is connected to the discharge port and the second outlet 112 of the alkaline washing device 12 respectively; and a second neutralization section 132, which is located downstream of the first neutralization section 131 and connected to the sedimentation device 14, and the second neutralization section 132 is provided with a first liquid inlet 1321 suitable for adding acidic liquid.

[0031] Specifically, the first neutralization section 131 is connected to the discharge port and the second outlet 112 of the alkaline washing device 12, respectively, so that the first neutralization section 131 can simultaneously receive the alkaline washing liquid delivered from the alkaline washing device 12 and the soot collected by the soot collection device 11. In the first neutralization section 131, the soot and alkaline washing liquid are stirred, and then the pH value is initially adjusted to below 9. After sedimentation and filtration, a pre-neutralized liquid is obtained. The second neutralization section 132 is provided in the first neutralization section 131. Downstream, connected to the sedimentation device 14, a suitable amount of dilute hydrochloric acid is added to the second neutralization section 132 to control the pH below 8.5, resulting in a neutralized liquid. The neutralized liquid is suitable for being transported to the sedimentation device 14 for sedimentation. The second neutralization section 132 is provided with a first inlet 1321 suitable for adding acidic liquids such as dilute hydrochloric acid. By controlling the opening and closing of the first inlet 1321, the amount of dilute hydrochloric acid added can be controlled, thereby precisely controlling the pH value of the material in the second neutralization section 132.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the processing device 1 further includes: a first separation device 15, the first separation device 15 being provided with a first feed inlet 151 connected to the first neutralization section 131, a first solid discharge outlet 152 and a first liquid discharge outlet 153, the first solid discharge outlet 152 being connected to the alkaline washing device 12, and the first liquid discharge outlet 153 being connected to the second neutralization section 132.

[0033] Specifically, the first inlet 151 of the first separation device 15 is connected to the first neutralization section 131 to receive the material after preliminary neutralization treatment. The first separation device 15 can perform solid-liquid separation of the mixture of flue ash and alkaline washing liquid. The first solid outlet 152 is used to discharge the separated solid components, i.e., pre-neutralization residue. The first solid outlet 152 is connected to the alkaline washing device 12, so that the separated pre-neutralization residue can be returned to the alkaline washing device 12 for further processing or recycling. The first liquid outlet 153 is responsible for discharging the separated pre-neutralized liquid. The first liquid outlet 153 is connected to the second neutralization section 132 to ensure that the pre-neutralized liquid can enter the second neutralization section 132 for further processing. The first separation device 15 can achieve solid-liquid separation through physical methods (such as filtration, sedimentation, etc.), which is simple to operate. The connection between the first solid outlet 152 and the alkaline washing device 12 allows the separated solid components to be recycled, which can improve resource utilization and reduce waste generation.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the sedimentation device 14 includes: a sedimentation section 141, which is connected to the second neutralization section 132, and the sedimentation section 141 is provided with a second liquid inlet 1411 suitable for adding calcium chloride.

[0035] Specifically, the settling section 141 is connected to the second neutralization section 132, receiving the neutralized liquid after neutralization treatment in the second neutralization section 132. The settling section 141 is equipped with a second inlet 1411 specifically for adding calcium chloride. By controlling the opening and closing of the second inlet 1411, the amount of calcium chloride can be controlled, ensuring the settling effect while avoiding resource waste. Based on the fluoride content in the neutralized liquid, calcium chloride solution is added with an excess coefficient of 1.05-1.15. Calcium chloride, as a commonly used settling agent, can accelerate the settling process of solid particles in the solution and improve settling efficiency. After settling and filtration, calcium fluoride and the fluoride-precipitated liquid are obtained, enabling the recovery and extraction of fluoride ions from the neutralized liquid. Adding calcium chloride significantly improves the solid-liquid separation effect, making the settled liquid clearer and the solid particles more concentrated.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the settling device 14 further includes: a crystallization section 142, which is disposed downstream of the settling section 141 and contains the settled liquid. The crystallization section 142 is adapted to heat the settled liquid. After the liquid evaporates, cools, and crystallizes, it forms a separated liquid. The crystallization section 142 is provided with a settling liquid outlet and transports the separated liquid to the alkaline washing device 12.

[0037] Specifically, the crystallization section 142 is located downstream of the settling section 141 and is responsible for collecting the settled liquid, i.e., the post-fluorine precipitation liquid. After settling, the post-fluorine precipitation liquid will directly enter the crystallization section 142 for further processing. The crystallization section 142 is equipped with a heating device to heat the settled liquid. During the heating process, the water in the liquid begins to evaporate, while the dissolved solid components gradually concentrate. As heating continues, the concentrated liquid reaches saturation and crystals will form during the cooling process, such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride, as well as the post-salt treatment liquid. The post-salt treatment liquid can be transported to the alkaline washing device 12 for recycling, realizing resource recycling and reducing waste generation.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the sedimentation device 14 further includes a second separation device 16, which is provided with a second feed inlet 161 connected to the crystallization section 142, a second solid discharge outlet 162, and a second liquid discharge outlet 163, which is connected to the alkaline washing device 12.

[0039] Specifically, the second inlet 161 of the second separation device 16 is connected to the crystallization section 142 to receive the material after crystallization treatment. This material includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and the salt-treated liquid. The second solid outlet 162 is used to discharge the separated solid components, including sodium chloride and potassium chloride, to achieve the recovery of sodium and potassium ions. The second liquid outlet 163 is responsible for discharging the separated salt-treated liquid. The second liquid outlet 163 is connected to the alkaline washing device 12, allowing the salt-treated liquid to be returned to the alkaline washing device 12 for recycling.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the alkaline washing device 12 is provided with a first feeding port 121 and a second feeding port 122. The first feeding port 121 is suitable for adding sodium hydroxide, and the second feeding port 122 is suitable for adding sodium carbonate.

[0041] Specifically, the first feed port 121 is located on the alkaline washing device 12 and is specifically used for adding sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide is a strong alkali that can quickly neutralize the acidic components in the soot and increase the pH value of the solution. The addition of sodium hydroxide can significantly increase the alkaline washing speed, making the process more efficient. At the same time, the strong alkalinity of sodium hydroxide also helps to remove certain harmful substances from the soot, improving the treatment effect. The second feed port 122 is located on the alkaline washing device 12 and is used for adding sodium carbonate. Sodium carbonate is a relatively mild alkaline substance that can not only neutralize acidic components but also adjust the pH value of the solution to a certain extent, avoiding excessive alkalization. The addition of sodium carbonate can provide a more stable alkaline washing environment, reducing equipment corrosion and environmental pollution problems caused by excessive alkalization.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the opening degree of the first feeding port 121 and the second feeding port 122 can be adjusted to select the ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate.

[0043] Specifically, the first feeding port 121 and the second feeding port 122 can be equipped with mechanical adjustment devices, such as valves, sliding plates, or screw feeders. The amount of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate added can be controlled by manually or automatically adjusting the opening of these devices. By adjusting the ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate, it can be ensured that the acidic components in the flue dust are effectively neutralized, while avoiding over-alkalization or under-alkalization. A suitable ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate can improve processing efficiency and more thoroughly remove harmful substances from the flue dust. By precisely controlling the opening of the feeding ports, the amount of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate used can be optimized, reducing waste and lowering processing costs.

[0044] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0045] In the description of this utility model, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more.

[0047] In the description of this utility model, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or it may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them.

[0048] In the description of this utility model, the terms "above", "over" and "on top" for the first feature and the second feature include the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0049] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for treating smoke and dust, characterized in that, include: Ash collection device (11), which is provided with a first outlet (111) and a second outlet (112); Alkali washing device (12), which is connected to the first outlet (111) and is used to perform alkali washing on the soot; Neutralization device (13), which is located downstream of the alkaline washing device (12) and connected to the second outlet (112); A settling device (14) is connected to the outlet of the neutralization device (13) and forms a settling liquid outlet, which is connected to the alkaline washing device (12).

2. The apparatus for treating smoke and dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The neutralization device (13) includes: The first neutralization section (131) is connected to the discharge port of the alkaline washing device (12) and the second outlet (112) respectively; The second neutralization section (132) is located downstream of the first neutralization section (131) and connected to the sedimentation device (14). The second neutralization section (132) is provided with a first liquid inlet (1321) suitable for adding acidic liquid.

3. The apparatus for treating smoke and dust according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The first separation device (15) is provided with a first feed inlet (151) connected to the first neutralization section (131), a first solid discharge outlet (152) and a first liquid discharge outlet (153). The first solid discharge outlet (152) is connected to the alkaline washing device (12), and the first liquid discharge outlet (153) is connected to the second neutralization section (132).

4. The apparatus for treating smoke and dust according to claim 3, characterized in that, The settling device (14) includes: The settling section (141) is connected to the second neutralization section (132), and the settling section (141) is provided with a second liquid inlet (1411) suitable for adding calcium chloride.

5. The apparatus for treating smoke and dust according to claim 4, characterized in that, The settling device (14) also includes: Crystallization section (142) is located downstream of sedimentation section (141) and contains the settled liquid. Crystallization section (142) is adapted to heat the settled liquid. The liquid forms a separated liquid after evaporation, cooling and crystallization. Crystallization section (142) is provided with sedimentation liquid outlet and transports the separated liquid to alkaline washing device (12).

6. The apparatus for treating smoke and dust according to claim 5, characterized in that, The settling device (14) also includes: The second separation device (16) is provided with a second feed inlet (161) connected to the crystallization section (142), a second solid discharge outlet (162) and a second liquid discharge outlet (163), and the second liquid discharge outlet (163) is connected to the alkaline washing device (12).

7. The apparatus for treating smoke and dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alkaline washing device (12) is provided with a first feed port (121) and a second feed port (122). The first feed port (121) is suitable for adding sodium hydroxide, and the second feed port (122) is suitable for adding sodium carbonate.

8. The apparatus for treating smoke and dust according to claim 7, characterized in that, The opening degree of the first feed port (121) and the second feed port (122) is adjustable to select the ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate.

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