Formwork of anti-crack assembly type stair and anti-crack assembly type stair

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-crack assembly type stair formwork which comprises a vertical main formwork body and an auxiliary formwork body, the main formwork body defines a cavity used for pouring and forming a stair, the auxiliary formwork body is arranged above the main formwork body and used for defining an auxiliary containing cavity, and the auxiliary containing cavity is used for compensating the amount of concrete sinking during vibration. According to the utility model, the auxiliary template is arranged above the vertical main template, and the auxiliary template is provided with an additional auxiliary accommodating cavity outside the cavity, so that sufficient concrete can be injected at one time during pouring, and the concrete in the auxiliary accommodating cavity enters the cavity along with vibration, thereby avoiding secondary charging and reducing the generation of cracks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a template for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase, and also to a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase including the above-mentioned template. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated buildings are constructed using green construction methods. Prefabricated staircases are a type of precast component in prefabricated buildings, manufactured in a factory and then transported to the site for hoisting and fixing. Prefabricated staircases are not only convenient to install, have a short construction period, and save labor, but theoretically their quality should be higher than on-site casting. However, in actual design, production, transportation, and installation, cracks are easily generated. Furthermore, prefabricated staircases typically do not undergo secondary decoration, easily leading to an impression of inferior quality after delivery. Existing prefabricated staircase casting uses both horizontal and vertical formwork, with vertical formwork being the most common. Because when pouring concrete into the formwork cavity for vertical staircases, the concrete settles by about 5cm after vibration, meaning the concrete generally cannot completely compact the entire formwork at once, a second layer of concrete is required after vibration. If the concrete poured before and after the second layer is not properly handled—for example, using different batches of concrete (potential differences between batches), or lack of vibration after the second layer—cracks can easily appear at the interface between the two concrete layers. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the above shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a template for a prefabricated staircase with a one-time solid cavity.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a formwork for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase, comprising a vertical main formwork and an auxiliary formwork. The main formwork forms a cavity for casting and molding the staircase, and the auxiliary formwork is located above the main formwork to form an auxiliary cavity, which is used to compensate for the amount of concrete that sinks during vibration.

[0005] Furthermore, the main template includes a base plate and a surrounding plate. The surrounding plate includes side plates at the upper and lower ends of the precast staircase, as well as a first side template and a second side template for the step. The inner side of the first side template matches the shape of the step, and the second side template matches the shape of the bottom of the step.

[0006] Furthermore, vertical steel bars are provided on the outer sides of the first and second side templates as support rods, and tie rods are used to connect the first and second side templates between the vertical steel bars and to fix them with threaded hole connecting pieces.

[0007] Furthermore, several reinforcing ribs are provided on the outer sides of the first and second side templates in a horizontal and / or vertical manner.

[0008] Furthermore, the auxiliary template is fixed with tie bolts, and the tie rods are located above the auxiliary template.

[0009] Furthermore, it includes tie plates arranged opposite each other, with the two side flanges of the tie plates set on the surface of adjacent vertical reinforcing bars. The tie bolts pass through the holes in the middle of the tie plates and are fixed with nuts. The inner side of the auxiliary template is fixed to the auxiliary template by nuts cooperating with the bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, the gasket is shaped like a "Z" with its protrusions contacting the surface of the auxiliary template and its flanges contacting the surface of the vertical reinforcing bars.

[0011] The main formwork extends upward at the location of the vertical reinforcement to form an extension section. The auxiliary formwork includes a movable formwork, which is located on both sides of the extension section and cooperates with the extension section. The movable formwork is rotatably connected to the main formwork. The auxiliary formwork can be flipped to overlap with the main formwork or located above the main formwork.

[0012] Furthermore, the movable template is connected to the corresponding main template by a hinge on the outside. A fixing rod is provided on the outside of the main template. The fixing rod passes through the limiting part and is fixed with a nut. The limiting part can rotate around the fixing rod and is restricted on the outer surface of the movable template.

[0013] This utility model also includes a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase formed using the above-mentioned template, comprising a platform stage and a landing stage, wherein the platform stage and / or landing stage are provided with mounting holes for embedded parts to pass through.

[0014] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] (1) The template for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase of this utility model is provided with an auxiliary template above the vertical main template. The auxiliary template has an additional auxiliary cavity outside the cavity. The volume of the cavity is slightly larger than the amount of sinking during vibration. During pouring, a sufficient amount of concrete can be injected at one time and vibrated. As the vibration proceeds, the concrete in the auxiliary cavity enters the cavity, thereby avoiding secondary feeding and reducing the generation of cracks.

[0016] (2) Since the main formwork is reinforced with tie rods to prevent the formwork from bursting during concrete pouring, and since the vertical formwork is used with a small opening, the auxiliary formwork affects the finishing of the concrete surface. In a specific embodiment of this utility model, the tie bolts are placed in the middle of the adjacent tie rods to make the auxiliary formwork removable so that the concrete surface can be finished to achieve a clean finish. In other embodiments, the flipping mechanism is used in conjunction with the extension section (the extension section is used to set the vertical steel bars of the tie rods) to achieve a convenient finishing effect. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated staircase according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A top view of the main template;

[0019] Figure 3 A top view of the main template with reinforcing ribs;

[0020] Figure 4 Front view diagram of the main template;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of tie rods and tie bolts;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a partial top view of the tie bolt;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a second embodiment of the auxiliary template and the main template.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Side plate; 2. First side template; 3. Second side template; 4. Cavity; 5. Reinforcing rib; 6. Vertical reinforcing bar; 7. Tie bar; 8. Connecting piece; 9. Auxiliary template; 901. Movable template; 10. Tie bolt; 11. Tie washer; 12. Nut; 13. Extension section; 14. Hinge; 15. Fixing rod; 16. Limiting part; 17. Staircase; 18. Mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model in order to achieve the intended utility model purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structure, features and effects of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the template for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase of this utility model includes a vertical main template and an auxiliary template 9. The main template forms a cavity 4 for casting and molding the staircase 17. The auxiliary template 9 is located above the main template to form an auxiliary cavity, which is used to compensate for the amount of concrete that sinks during vibration.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the main formwork includes a base plate and surrounding plates. The main formwork can be made of wood or aluminum. The base plate and surrounding plates form a cavity 4. The surrounding plates include side plates 1 at the top and bottom ends of the precast staircase 17, as well as the first side formwork 2 and the second side formwork 3 of the platform stage. The base plate, side plates 1, and the first and second side formwork 2 and 3 can be fixed together in the middle with bolts to form the cavity 4, or other existing methods can be used for fixing. The inner side of the first side formwork 2 matches the shape of the step and forms the step after concrete is poured. The second side formwork 3 matches the shape of the bottom of the step and forms the fair-faced concrete bottom surface of the staircase 17 after concrete is poured. A tied steel cage is placed in the cavity 4. Spacers are placed between the steel cage and the base plate, side plates 1, and the first and second side formwork 2 and 3 to control the thickness of the concrete protective layer. In order to strengthen the main formwork and avoid deformation during the pouring process, several transverse and / or longitudinal reinforcing ribs 5 are provided on the outer side of the first and second side formwork 2 and 3. After adopting the reinforcing ribs 5, the thickness of the first and second side formwork 2 and 3 can be appropriately reduced. The outer sides of the first side template 2 and the second side template 3 can also adopt a tie rod structure to prevent the formwork from bursting. Specifically, two vertical steel bars 6 are set on the outer sides of the first side template 2 and the second side template 3 as support rods. The tie rod 7 is horizontally set between the upper and lower ends of the two vertical steel bars 6. The threaded hole connecting piece 8 with threaded holes is threadedly connected to the tie rod 7, and the two wings of the connecting piece 8 are supported on the vertical steel bars 6. The tie rod 7 is fixed by tightening on both sides.

[0028] Auxiliary template 9 is essentially an extension of the main template's height, see reference. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first embodiment of the auxiliary template 9 adopts a detachable connection method and is fixed with tie bolts 10. The tie rods 7 are located above the auxiliary template 9. The auxiliary template 9 is disassembled before polishing. Placing the tie rods 7 above the auxiliary template 9 can avoid affecting the disassembly of the auxiliary movable template 901. It also includes tie pads 11 arranged opposite each other. The tie pads 11 are shaped like a "Z". The protrusion of the pad contacts the surface of the auxiliary template 9. The two side flanges of the tie pads 11 respectively contact the surface of an adjacent set of vertical steel bars 6. The tie bolts 10 pass through the hole in the middle of the tie pads 11 and are fixed with nuts 12. In addition, the inner side of the auxiliary template 9 can also be fixed with nuts 12 and bolts.

[0029] Reference Figure 7As shown, the second embodiment of the auxiliary template 9 adopts a movable flap structure. Specifically, the main template extends upward to form an extension section 13 at the location of the vertical reinforcing bar 6. Tie bars 7 are set on the extension section 13. The auxiliary template 9 includes a movable template 901, which is set on both sides of the extension section 13 and cooperates with the extension section 13. The movable template 901 is rotatably connected to the main template. In this embodiment, the movable template 901 is connected to the outer side of the corresponding main template by a hinge 14. The auxiliary template 9 can be flipped to overlap with the main template or set above the main template. A fixing rod 15 and a limiting part 16 are set on the outer side of the main template. A hole is set on the limiting part 16. The fixing rod 15 passes through the hole of the limiting part 16 so that the limiting part 16 can rotate around the fixing rod 15. When the limiting part 16 rotates to the vertical position, it is fixed with a nut 12. The limiting part 16 can be restricted on the outer surface of the movable template 901. The side plate of the movable template 901 is located above the side plate 1 of the main template. Since it is not restricted by the tie rod 7, it can adopt the setting method of ordinary template, extend directly from the side plate 1 of the main template, or adopt a structure similar to the second embodiment.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also includes a prefabricated concrete staircase 17 cast using the above-mentioned template, comprising a platform stage and a landing stage, wherein the platform stage and / or landing stage are provided with mounting holes 18 for embedded parts to pass through.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A formwork for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase, characterized in that: It includes a vertical main formwork and an auxiliary formwork. The main formwork forms a cavity for casting and shaping the staircase, and the auxiliary formwork is set above the main formwork to form an auxiliary cavity. The auxiliary cavity is used to compensate for the amount of concrete that sinks during vibration.

2. The formwork for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main template includes a base plate and a surrounding plate. The surrounding plate includes side plates at the top and bottom of the precast staircase, as well as a first side template and a second side template for the step. The inner side of the first side template matches the shape of the step, and the second side template matches the shape of the bottom of the step.

3. The formwork for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase according to claim 2, characterized in that: Vertical steel bars are installed on the outer sides of the first and second side templates as support rods. The first and second side templates are connected by tie rods between the vertical steel bars and fixed with threaded hole connecting pieces.

4. A formwork for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: Several reinforcing ribs are provided on the outer sides of the first and second side templates, arranged horizontally and / or vertically.

5. The formwork for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary template is fixed with tie bolts, and the tie rods are located on top of the auxiliary template.

6. The formwork for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase according to claim 5, characterized in that: It includes tie plates arranged opposite each other, with the two side flanges of the tie plates set on the surface of adjacent vertical reinforcing bars. The tie bolts pass through the holes in the middle of the tie plates and are fixed with nuts. The inner side of the auxiliary template is fixed to the auxiliary template by nuts and bolts.

7. The formwork for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gasket is shaped like a "Z" with its protrusions in contact with the surface of the auxiliary template and its flanges in contact with the surface of the vertical reinforcing bars.

8. The formwork for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main formwork extends upward at the location of the vertical reinforcement to form an extension section. The auxiliary formwork includes a movable formwork, which is located on both sides of the extension section and cooperates with the extension section. The movable formwork is rotatably connected to the main formwork. The auxiliary formwork can be flipped to overlap with the main formwork or located above the main formwork.

9. The formwork for a crack-resistant prefabricated staircase according to claim 8, characterized in that: The movable template is connected to the corresponding main template by a hinge on the outside. A fixing rod is provided on the outside of the main template. The fixing rod passes through the limiting part and is fixed with a nut. The limiting part can rotate around the fixing rod and is restricted to the outer surface of the movable template.

10. A template-formed, crack-resistant prefabricated staircase as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a stage and a platform section, wherein the stage and / or platform section are provided with mounting holes for embedded parts to pass through.

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