Phase change driving self-tightening type composite material sealing structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a phase change driving self-tightening type composite material sealing structure which comprises a core phase change driving self-tightening structure and an external elastic reinforcing sealing structure wrapping the core phase change driving self-tightening structure, and the core phase change driving self-tightening structure comprises a core phase change material, a phase change material adsorption reinforcing material and a phase change material packaging piece. In the forming process, the phase-change material adsorption reinforcing material adsorbs the molten core phase-change material and is packaged into the phase-change material packaging piece; the outer resiliently reinforced sealing structure includes a fibrous reinforcement material wound onto the phase change material encapsulation and a resilient sealing material injected into the fibrous reinforcement material. By means of the implementation mode, the isostatic pressing environment driven by solid-liquid phase change volume expansion of the phase change material of the inner core at the specific temperature can be achieved, self-tightening force sealing of liquid volume expansion in the structure is achieved, and therefore the single-acting-force sealing mode that a traditional sealing structure only depends on external pre-tightening force is changed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sealing structure technology, and in particular to a phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial and aerospace engineering fields, sealed structures are required to isolate or reduce the impact of the external environment on moving or detachable components.

[0003] Traditional sealing structures typically employ polymer or rubber elastic sealing strips, metal elastic / plastic deformation sealing strips, fiber structures, composite materials, or mechanical structures. They primarily rely on external interference fits or extrusion forces to deform the sealing structure and achieve the sealing purpose.

[0004] However, when the external force is uneven, the sealing structure is prone to deformation, which leads to a deterioration of the sealing effect. In some high-temperature operating environments, the sealing material is prone to creep, which leads to stress relaxation, resulting in a deterioration of the sealing effect or even failure.

[0005] Therefore, a new type of composite material sealing structure is needed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The summary section of this utility model is intended to briefly introduce the concepts, which will be described in detail in the detailed description section below. This summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0007] This invention provides a phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background section above.

[0008] The phase change-driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure includes a core phase change-driven self-tightening structure and an external elastically reinforced sealing structure that surrounds the core phase change-driven self-tightening structure.

[0009] The core phase change driven self-tightening structure includes a core phase change material, a phase change material adsorption enhancement material, and a phase change material encapsulation component. During the molding process, the phase change material adsorption enhancement material adsorbs and melts the core phase change material and encapsulates it into the phase change material encapsulation component.

[0010] The external elastic reinforced sealing structure includes a fiber-reinforced material wound around the phase change material encapsulation and an elastic sealing material injected into the fiber-reinforced material;

[0011] The operating temperature of the phase change material encapsulation is more than 1.1 times the solid-liquid phase change point of the core phase change material.

[0012] Optionally, the core phase change material includes at least one of the following: mercury, alcohol, water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerin, paraffin, metallic lead and its alloys, and metallic bismuth and its alloys.

[0013] Optionally, the fiber volume content of the phase change material adsorption reinforcement material is 5-10%.

[0014] Optionally, the phase change material adsorption enhancement material is composed of a single fiber bundle consisting of one of the following: nylon fiber, polyester fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, high silica fiber, quartz fiber, mullite fiber, alumina fiber, or zirconium oxide fiber.

[0015] Optionally, the wall thickness of the phase change material encapsulation component is 0.1mm-1.0mm.

[0016] Optionally, the oxygen permeability of the phase change material encapsulation is not less than 5.0 cm³. 3 / (m 2 ·24hatm).

[0017] Optionally, the phase change material encapsulation component is made of silicone rubber tube or metal corrugated tube, and is encapsulated using casting curing encapsulation, welding encapsulation, or plastic deformation encapsulation process.

[0018] Optionally, the fiber volume content of the fiber-reinforced material is 5-10%.

[0019] Optionally, the fiber-reinforcing material is made from one of the following: nylon fiber, polyester fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, high silica fiber, quartz fiber, mullite fiber, alumina fiber, or zirconium oxide fiber.

[0020] Optionally, the elastic sealing material has a compression rate of not less than 50% and a compression rebound rate of not less than 90%; the elastic sealing material includes one of the following: heat-cured silicone rubber, methyl silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, phenolphthalein silicone rubber, and fluorosilicone rubber.

[0021] The above embodiments of this utility model have the following beneficial effects: by adsorbing and molten core phase change material into reinforcing material, the overall strength and creep resistance of the core phase change driven self-tightening structure can be enhanced. Furthermore, the core phase change material can undergo a solid-liquid phase transition under high temperature, resulting in volume expansion.

[0022] The operating temperature of the phase change material encapsulation component is more than 1.1 times the solid-liquid phase change point of the core phase change material. This ensures that the phase change material encapsulation component is not affected by temperature when the volume expansion of the core phase change material is driven by the solid-liquid phase change, thereby improving the reliability of the sealing structure.

[0023] The aforementioned fiber-reinforced material is wound onto the phase change material encapsulation component, while an elastic sealing material is injected. This enhances the strength and creep resistance of the external elastic reinforced sealing structure. The elastic sealing material also ensures compressibility, resilience, and sealing performance.

[0024] Therefore, this phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure can achieve an isostatic pressure environment driven by the solid-liquid phase change volume expansion of the internal core phase change material at a specific temperature, thereby realizing the self-tightening force sealing of the internal liquid volume expansion and changing the traditional sealing structure's single-force sealing method that only relies on external pre-tightening force. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure of this utility model.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 1. Core phase change driven self-tightening structure; 11. Core phase change material; 12. Phase change material adsorption enhancement material; 13. Phase change material encapsulation component;

[0030] 2. External elastic reinforced sealing structure; 21. Fiber reinforced material; 22. Elastic sealing material. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0033] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] This disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure of this utility model. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure includes a core phase change driven self-tightening structure 1 and an external elastically reinforced sealing structure 2 that wraps around the core phase change driven self-tightening structure 1.

[0036] The aforementioned core phase change driven self-tightening structure 1 may include a core phase change material 11, a phase change material adsorption reinforcement material 12, and a phase change material encapsulation component 13. During the molding process, the core phase change material 11 is first heated to a molten state. Next, the phase change material adsorption reinforcement material 12 adsorbs the molten core phase change material 11. Finally, after cooling, it is inserted into the phase change material encapsulation component 13, and encapsulation is completed, thereby forming the core phase change driven self-tightening structure 1. Under high temperature, the core phase change material 11 can undergo a solid-liquid phase change, thereby expanding in volume.

[0037] The aforementioned core phase change material 11 may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: mercury, alcohol, water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerin, paraffin, metallic lead and its alloys, metallic bismuth and its alloys.

[0038] The aforementioned phase change material adsorption reinforcement material 12 can be composed of nylon fibers, polyester fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers, basalt fibers, high-silica fibers, quartz fibers, mullite fibers, alumina fibers, zirconium oxide fibers, etc., forming unidirectional fiber bundles to increase the adsorption force, overall structural strength, and creep resistance of the core phase change material 11. Optionally, the fiber volume content of the aforementioned phase change material adsorption reinforcement material 12 can be 5-10%.

[0039] The wall thickness of the aforementioned phase change material encapsulation component 13 is 0.1mm-1.0mm, and the oxygen permeability is not less than 5.0cm. 3 / (m 2 The core phase change material 11 is oxidized and degraded at high temperatures (24h atm), thus ensuring the working performance and service life of the core phase change driven self-tightening structure 1.

[0040] Furthermore, the operating temperature of the aforementioned phase change material encapsulation component 13 is more than 1.1 times the solid-liquid phase change point of the core phase change material 11. In other words, when the core phase change material 11 undergoes solid-liquid phase change volume expansion under high temperature, the phase change material encapsulation component 13 is not affected by temperature, thereby improving the reliability of the sealing structure.

[0041] The aforementioned phase change material encapsulation component 13 can be encapsulated by a silicone rubber tube or a metal corrugated tube using casting curing encapsulation, welding encapsulation, or plastic deformation encapsulation processes.

[0042] The aforementioned external elastic reinforced sealing structure 2 may include fiber reinforced material 21 and elastic sealing material 22. Multiple layers of fiber reinforced material 21 are wound around the phase change material encapsulation component 13, and the elastic sealing material 22 is injected into the fiber reinforced material 21 to form the external elastic reinforced sealing structure 2. Finally, after room temperature vulcanization, the phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure is obtained.

[0043] The aforementioned fiber reinforcement material 21 can be made from, but is not limited to, any of the following: nylon fiber, polyester fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, high-silica fiber, quartz fiber, mullite fiber, alumina fiber, or zirconium oxide fiber. It can be formed into a three-dimensional structure using three-dimensional weaving, needle punching, fiber cotton, or a wrapped fiber web. The fiber volume content of the fiber reinforcement material 21 is 5-10%.

[0044] The compression of the aforementioned elastic sealing material 22 is not less than 50%, and the compression rebound rate is not less than 90%. The elastic sealing material 22 includes, but is not limited to, one of the following: heat-cured silicone rubber, methyl silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, phenolphthalein silicone rubber, and fluorosilicone rubber.

[0045] Finally, the molding process of this sealing structure is explained in detail with specific implementation methods.

[0046] First, the core phase change material 11 is selected from paraffin material with a melting point of 60°C.

[0047] The phase change material adsorption reinforcement material 12 is made of 30K carbon fiber bundles.

[0048] The phase change material encapsulation component 13 is made of pure aluminum tube with a wall thickness of 0.3 mm and an outer diameter of 3 mm.

[0049] The aforementioned fiber reinforcement material 21 is made of T300 carbon fiber mesh, with a fiber volume content of approximately 13% and a density of 20 g / m³. 2 .

[0050] The aforementioned elastic sealing material 22 uses 107 room temperature vulcanized heat-resistant silicone rubber as the elastic matrix.

[0051] In the preparation process, the paraffin material is first heated to 70°C, and then molten paraffin is adsorbed onto 30K carbon fiber bundles. Next, it is cooled to no higher than 30°C, allowing the paraffin to solidify, and then inserted into a pure aluminum tube. The paraffin is then encapsulated using a clamping sealing process to form a core phase change driven self-tightening structure 1, which can be reheated to 70°C to ensure no leakage of the paraffin.

[0052] Next, the multi-layer T300 carbon fiber mesh is wound onto the pure aluminum tube to achieve an outer diameter of 8mm. Then, the 107 room temperature vulcanized heat-resistant silicone rubber is injected into the T300 carbon fiber mesh using a vacuum injection method.

[0053] Finally, the phase change-driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure was obtained after greenhouse vulcanization.

[0054] The apparent density of this phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure was tested to be 0.53 g / cm³. 3The compression rate is 17% and the resilience rate is 93%. At 70°C, the volume expansion rate of this phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure is 5.7%, and the cross-sectional diameter increases from 8 mm to 8.7 mm.

[0055] In this way, the phase change-driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure can achieve an isostatic pressure environment driven by the solid-liquid phase change volume expansion of the internal core phase change material 11 at a specific temperature, realizing a self-tightening seal due to the liquid volume expansion inside the structure. This changes the traditional sealing structure's reliance on a single-force sealing method that depends solely on external preload, avoiding uneven stress distribution. In other words, it can achieve a dual-drive pressure seal using both external preload and internal phase change-driven volume expansion hydrostatic pressure. Therefore, it can become an important common technical requirement for sealing structures of moving or detachable components in general industrial fields and aerospace engineering high-speed aircraft.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A phase change-driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure, characterized in that, It includes a core phase change driven self-tightening structure and an external elastically reinforced sealing structure that surrounds the core phase change driven self-tightening structure, wherein... The core phase change driven self-tightening structure includes a core phase change material, a phase change material adsorption enhancement material, and a phase change material encapsulation component. During the molding process, the phase change material adsorption enhancement material adsorbs and melts the core phase change material and encapsulates it into the phase change material encapsulation component. The external elastic reinforced sealing structure includes a fiber-reinforced material wound around the phase change material encapsulation and an elastic sealing material injected into the fiber-reinforced material; The operating temperature of the phase change material encapsulation is more than 1.1 times the solid-liquid phase change point of the core phase change material.

2. The phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change material adsorption enhancement material is composed of a single fiber bundle consisting of one of the following: nylon fiber, polyester fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, high silica fiber, quartz fiber, mullite fiber, alumina fiber, or zirconium oxide fiber.

3. The phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wall thickness of the phase change material encapsulation component is 0.1mm-1.0mm.

4. The phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The oxygen permeability of the phase change material encapsulation is not less than 5.0 cm. 3 / (m 2 ·24h·atm).

5. The phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The phase change material encapsulation component is made of silicone rubber tube or metal corrugated tube, and is encapsulated using casting curing encapsulation, welding encapsulation or plastic deformation encapsulation process.

6. The phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber-reinforced material is made from one of the following: nylon fiber, polyester fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, high silica fiber, quartz fiber, mullite fiber, alumina fiber, or zirconium oxide fiber.

7. The phase change driven self-tightening composite material sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic sealing material has a compression rate of not less than 50% and a compression rebound rate of not less than 90%; the elastic sealing material includes one of the following: heat-cured silicone rubber, methyl silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, phenolphthalein silicone rubber, and fluorosilicone rubber.

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