Grate incinerator
By combining reciprocating and chain grate designs, the problems of incomplete combustion and environmental pollution in grate incinerators have been solved, achieving efficient waste pyrolysis gasification and flue gas purification.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423005025.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing grate incinerators suffer from incomplete combustion and low efficiency when processing complex waste, and are difficult to sustain pyrolysis and gasification, while also causing environmental pollution problems.
Combining reciprocating and chain grate furnaces, the design incorporates a combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber. By utilizing the combination of reciprocating and chain grate furnaces, combustion efficiency and environmental performance are improved through secondary combustion. An air supply chamber is used to increase oxygen supply, and a secondary combustion chamber is set up for secondary combustion of flue gas.
It improves combustion efficiency and environmental performance, ensures the stability of pyrolysis gasification and the cleanliness of flue gas, and reduces smoke and dust emissions.
Smart Images
Figure CN223512106U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to garbage treatment technical field especially relates to a grate incinerator. BACKGROUND
[0002] Garbage pyrolysis gasification technology is a new type of garbage treatment technology developed to solve the problem of garbage pollution. This technology mainly controls the oxygen supply of the combustion chamber to make the combustion chamber lack oxygen and reduce the reaction, thereby completing the release of combustible volatile matter in the garbage, and then burning the combustible volatile matter through oxygen-enriched combustion to achieve the harmless disposal of household garbage.
[0003] The grate incinerator is an important combustion equipment for garbage incineration, which has various forms, and the common reciprocating grate furnace and chain grate furnace have their own advantages and disadvantages. The reciprocating grate furnace has high thermal efficiency, can maximize the use of fuel heat value, and saves energy, but due to the back and forth swing of the grate, problems such as uneven temperature in the furnace during combustion occur, affecting the stability and durability of the furnace body, and a large amount of smoke and pollutants are generated during combustion, which has a certain impact on the environment. The chain grate furnace has the advantages of low equipment cost, stable fire, uniform temperature, perfect flue gas purification equipment, etc., but its adaptability to fuel is limited, and it cannot burn fuel with high ash content and high sulfur content, and the heat loss is large, and regular maintenance and management are required.
[0004] In the face of the complex composition of garbage, it is easy to have the problems of insufficient combustion and low combustion efficiency, and the pyrolysis gasification is difficult to effectively and continuously proceed, so further optimization is needed. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0005] The utility model aims at providing a grate incinerator to solve the problems in the above background technology, combining the advantages of reciprocating grate and chain grate to improve the combustion efficiency and environmental protection performance and ensure the stable pyrolysis gasification.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0007] A grate incinerator comprises an incineration chamber and a secondary combustion chamber located above the incineration chamber, and a smoke passage connected between the incineration chamber and the secondary combustion chamber;
[0008] One side of the incineration chamber is provided with a feeding port, and the other side of the incineration chamber is provided with a slag outlet, and the incineration chamber is provided with a reciprocating grate and a chain grate, the head end of the reciprocating grate is located below the feeding port, the tail end of the reciprocating grate is connected with the head end of the chain grate, and the tail end of the chain grate is located above the slag outlet;
[0009] The secondary combustion chamber is used for secondary combustion of flue gas generated in the incineration chamber, and the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a smoke outlet.
[0010] As an alternative, the reciprocating grate comprises fixed grate segments and movable grate segments, the fixed grate segments and the movable grate segments are alternately stacked to form a stepped shape, the movable grate segments are controlled by a driving mechanism to reciprocate relative to the fixed grate segments, so that the incineration objects gradually move to the tail end of the reciprocating grate during the combustion process.
[0011] As an alternative, a first air supply chamber is arranged below the reciprocating grate, the first air supply chamber is used to supply air required for combustion to the reciprocating grate through the gaps between the fixed grate segments and the movable grate segments.
[0012] As an alternative, the chain grate comprises a plurality of chains for carrying incineration objects, a plurality of independent second air supply chambers are arranged below the chains, the second air supply chambers are used to supply air required for combustion to the chain grate through the gaps between the chains.
[0013] As an alternative, a scraper mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the chain grate to scrape off the ash on the chains.
[0014] As an alternative, a front arch and a rear arch are arranged between the incineration chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, the front arch extends obliquely upward above the head end of the reciprocating grate, the rear arch extends obliquely upward above the tail end of the chain grate, the front arch and the rear arch are disconnected to form a smoke passage, and the smoke passage is located directly above the reciprocating grate.
[0015] As an alternative, a flow baffle is arranged on the rear arch, the flow baffle is used to block the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber from flowing back to the smoke passage.
[0016] As an alternative, an air inlet is arranged at the smoke passage, the air inlet is used to introduce high-temperature air and mix the high-temperature air with the flue gas before entering the secondary combustion chamber.
[0017] As an alternative, the tail end of the reciprocating grate is located above the head end of the chain grate, and a material dropping slope is arranged at the tail end of the reciprocating grate to guide the incineration objects to the chain grate.
[0018] As an alternative, observation and maintenance windows are arranged at the side of the reciprocating grate in the incineration chamber, the side of the chain grate, the feeding port, the slag outlet, and the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber.
[0019] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:
[0020] The reciprocating grate and the chain grate are combined in the grate incinerator, the advantages of strong fire breaking and high thermal efficiency of the reciprocating grate are retained, the incineration objects after combustion in the reciprocating grate are fully combusted again in the chain grate, the pyrolysis and gasification effects are ensured, and the cleanliness of the final flue gas is greatly improved through the secondary combustion of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the grate incinerator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] In the attached image:
[0023] 1. Combustion chamber; 2. Secondary combustion chamber; 3. Flue gas passage; 4. Feed port; 5. Slag outlet; 6. Reciprocating grate; 7. Chain grate; 8. Flue gas outlet; 9. Drive mechanism; 10. First air supply chamber; 11. Second air supply chamber; 12. Scraper mechanism; 13. Front arch; 14. Rear arch; 15. Baffle plate; 16. Air inlet; 17. Material discharge ramp; 18. Observation and maintenance window. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.
[0025] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0027] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish between different terms in description and do not have any special meaning.
[0029] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a grate incinerator, including a combustion chamber 1 and a secondary combustion chamber 2 located above the combustion chamber 1, with a flue gas passage 3 connecting the combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2.
[0030] A feeding port 4 is provided on one side of the incineration chamber 1, and a slag discharge port 5 is provided on the other side of the incineration chamber 1. A reciprocating grate 6 and a chain grate 7 are provided inside the incineration chamber 1. The head end of the reciprocating grate 6 is located below the feeding port 4, and the tail end of the reciprocating grate 6 is connected to the head end of the chain grate 7. The tail end of the chain grate 7 is located above the slag discharge port 5.
[0031] The secondary combustion chamber 2 is used for secondary combustion of the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 1, and the secondary combustion chamber 2 is provided with a flue gas outlet 8.
[0032] Therefore, by combining the reciprocating grate 6 and the chain grate 7, the advantages of the reciprocating grate 6, such as strong fire-breaking ability, good ignition performance and high thermal efficiency, are retained. Furthermore, the chain grate 7 ensures that the incinerators after combustion by the reciprocating grate 6 are fully combusted again, thus guaranteeing the pyrolysis and gasification effect. In addition, the secondary combustion of the generated flue gas by the secondary combustion chamber 2 significantly improves the cleanliness of the final flue gas.
[0033] Optionally, the reciprocating grate 6 includes fixed grate bars and movable grate bars. The fixed grate bars and movable grate bars are arranged alternately in a stepped manner. The movable grate bars are controlled by the drive mechanism 9 to move back and forth relative to the fixed grate bars, so that the incinerator gradually moves towards the tail end of the reciprocating grate 6 during the combustion process.
[0034] Furthermore, the fixed grate bars and the movable grate bars have a certain inclination angle so that the incinerator tumbles and falls on the reciprocating grate 6. With the continuous raking action of the movable grate bars, the bottom layer is disturbed, the air permeability is enhanced, and the combustion is strengthened and burned out.
[0035] Optionally, a first air supply chamber 10 is provided below the reciprocating grate 6. The first air supply chamber 10 is used to supply the air required for combustion to the reciprocating grate 6 through the gap between the fixed grate bars and the movable grate bars, thereby improving combustion efficiency and thermal efficiency.
[0036] Optionally, the chain grate 7 includes multiple chains for carrying the incinerated material, and several independent second air chambers 11 are provided below the chains. The second air chambers 11 are used to supply the air required for combustion to the chain grate 7 through the gaps between the chains, thereby improving combustion efficiency and thermal efficiency.
[0037] Optionally, the tail end of the chain grate 7 is provided with a scraper mechanism 12 to scrape off the ash and slag on the chain, so as to remove the ash and slag after combustion from the chain and discharge it from the slag outlet 5.
[0038] Optionally, a front arch 13 and a rear arch 14 are provided between the combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2. The front arch 13 extends obliquely upward above the head end of the reciprocating grate 6, and the rear arch 14 extends obliquely upward above the tail end of the chain grate 7. The front arch 13 and the rear arch 14 are disconnected to form a flue gas passage 3, which is located directly above the reciprocating grate 6.
[0039] The front arch 13 and rear arch 14 here can guide the flue gas into the secondary combustion chamber 2. Since the concentration of smoke and dust emissions after the chain grate 7 is relatively low, it is better to set the flue gas passage 3 directly above the reciprocating grate 6. In addition, the inclined rear arch 14 also serves as the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber 2, which facilitates the accumulation and treatment of ash and slag in the secondary combustion chamber 2.
[0040] Optionally, a baffle plate 15 is provided on the rear arch 14. The baffle plate 15 is used to prevent the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber 2 from flowing back to the flue gas passage 3, and to ensure that the flue gas is fully combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 2, thereby eliminating the residual mixture in the flue gas.
[0041] Optionally, air inlets 16 are provided at the three smoke passages. The air inlets 16 are used to introduce high-temperature air and mix the high-temperature air with the flue gas before entering the secondary combustion chamber 2, which helps the flue gas to burn completely, reduces the emission of smoke and dust, and meets environmental protection requirements.
[0042] Optionally, the tail end of the reciprocating grate 6 is located above the head end of the chain grate 7, and the tail end of the reciprocating grate 6 is provided with a feeding ramp 17 to guide the incinerator to the chain grate 7, so that the unburned incinerator on the reciprocating grate 6 is transferred to the chain grate 7 to continue burning.
[0043] Optionally, observation and maintenance windows 18 are provided on the side of the reciprocating grate 6, the side of the chain grate 7, the feeding port 4, the slag discharge port 5, and the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber 2 in the combustion chamber 1, so as to facilitate observation of the combustion status of each part and to facilitate cleaning and maintenance of each part.
[0044] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A grate incinerator, characterized in that, It includes an incineration chamber (1) and a secondary combustion chamber (2) located above the incineration chamber (1), and a smoke passage (3) is provided between the incineration chamber (1) and the secondary combustion chamber (2); A feeding port (4) is provided on one side of the incineration chamber (1), and a slag outlet (5) is provided on the other side of the incineration chamber (1). A reciprocating grate (6) and a chain grate (7) are provided in the incineration chamber (1). The head end of the reciprocating grate (6) is located below the feeding port (4), and the tail end of the reciprocating grate (6) is connected to the head end of the chain grate (7). The tail end of the chain grate (7) is located above the slag outlet (5). The secondary combustion chamber (2) is used for secondary combustion of the flue gas generated in the incineration chamber (1), and the secondary combustion chamber (2) is provided with a flue gas outlet (8).
2. The grate incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reciprocating grate (6) includes fixed grate bars and movable grate bars. The fixed grate bars and the movable grate bars are arranged alternately in a stepped manner. The movable grate bars are controlled by a drive mechanism (9) to move back and forth relative to the fixed grate bars, so that the incinerator gradually moves towards the tail end of the reciprocating grate (6) during the combustion process.
3. The grate incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first air supply chamber (10) is provided below the reciprocating grate (6). The first air supply chamber (10) is used to supply the air required for combustion to the reciprocating grate (6) through the gap between the fixed grate plates and the movable grate plates.
4. The grate incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chain grate (7) includes multiple chains for carrying the incinerated material, and several independent second air supply chambers (11) are provided below the chains. The second air supply chambers (11) are used to supply the air required for combustion to the chain grate (7) through the gaps between the chains.
5. The grate incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tail end of the chain grate (7) is provided with a scraper mechanism (12) for scraping off the ash and slag on the chain.
6. The grate incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A front arch (13) and a rear arch (14) are provided between the combustion chamber (1) and the secondary combustion chamber (2). The front arch (13) extends obliquely upward above the head end of the reciprocating grate (6), and the rear arch (14) extends obliquely upward above the tail end of the chain grate (7). The front arch (13) and the rear arch (14) are disconnected to form the flue gas passage (3), which is located directly above the reciprocating grate (6).
7. The grate incinerator according to claim 6, characterized in that, A baffle plate (15) is provided on the rear arch (14), which is used to prevent the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber (2) from flowing back to the smoke passage (3).
8. The grate incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air inlet (16) is provided at the smoke passage (3). The air inlet (16) is used to introduce high-temperature air and mix the high-temperature air with the flue gas before entering the secondary combustion chamber (2).
9. The grate incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail end of the reciprocating grate (6) is located above the head end of the chain grate (7), and the tail end of the reciprocating grate (6) is provided with a feeding ramp (17) to guide the incinerator to the chain grate (7).
10. The grate incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Observation and maintenance windows (18) are respectively provided on the side of the reciprocating grate (6) in the combustion chamber (1), the side of the chain grate (7), the feeding port (4), the slag outlet (5), and the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber (2).