Stator structure, motor and vehicle
By setting up parallel branches of three-phase windings in the winding slots of the stator core and using a switch, the problem of excessive back electromotive force at high speeds was solved, and stable operation and torque output of the motor in the high-speed range were achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422850094.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-20
AI Technical Summary
In new energy vehicles, as the speed of the drive motor increases, the back electromotive force also increases, making it difficult for the motor to work stably.
By setting three-phase windings in the winding slots of the stator core, each phase winding includes multiple parallel branches, and on/off switches are installed on some branches, the number of branches can be selectively opened and closed according to the rotational speed to adjust the back electromotive force.
At low speeds, reducing the number of branches lowers the back electromotive force; at high speeds, increasing the number of branches lowers the motor's back electromotive force, thereby improving the motor's speed stability and output torque.
Smart Images
Figure CN223514688U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electric machines, in particular, to a stator structure, an electric machine and a vehicle. BACKGROUND
[0002] In a new energy vehicle, the rotation speed of the driving motor of the vehicle is getting higher and higher. However, the higher the rotation speed of the motor is, the higher the counter electromotive force in the motor is. In order to improve the working speed of the motor, the counter electromotive force in the motor needs to be controlled. SUMMARY
[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a stator structure, an electric machine and a vehicle, which can reduce the counter electromotive force of the motor by controlling the on-off of the branch number, so as to at least partially solve the above technical problems.
[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the first aspect of the present disclosure provides a stator structure, comprising: a stator core and a stator winding, the stator core is provided with a plurality of winding slots in a circumferential direction, each winding slot comprises a plurality of slot layers arranged in a radial direction of the stator core; the stator winding comprises three-phase windings arranged in the winding slots, each phase winding comprises a plurality of parallel branches, and at least part of the branches in each phase winding are provided with on-off switches.
[0005] Optionally, the number of on-off switches provided on the branches is not less than half of the number of branches.
[0006] Optionally, the number of corresponding branches in each phase winding is equal.
[0007] Optionally, the on-off switch is any one of a relay switch, a semiconductor switch or a contactor.
[0008] Optionally, the stator winding comprises a first phase winding, a second phase winding and a third phase winding, and the wiring mode of each branch of the three-phase winding is the same.
[0009] Optionally, the initial winding slot of the branch of the first phase winding and the initial winding slot of the corresponding branch of the second phase winding are spaced by 6 winding slots in a first direction; the initial winding slot of the branch of the third phase winding and the initial winding slot of the corresponding branch of the first phase winding are spaced by 6 winding slots in the first direction; and the initial winding slot of the branch of the second phase winding and the initial winding slot of the branch of the third phase winding are spaced by 12 winding slots in the first direction.
[0010] Optionally, the number of winding slots is M, and the number of slot layers in each winding slot is N, wherein M is an integer multiple of 3, and N is a positive integer.
[0011] Optionally, the number of the wire grooves M is 72, the number of the groove layers in each wire groove is 6, and each phase winding comprises at least two parallel branches.
[0012] The second aspect of the present disclosure provides a motor comprising the stator structure.
[0013] The third aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle comprising the motor.
[0014] According to the above technical solution, by arranging three-phase windings in the wire grooves of each stator core, each phase winding comprises a plurality of parallel branches, and at least part of the branches are provided with contactors, so that the number of branches can be selectively started and stopped, that is, at low speed, the number of branches is reduced, and since the speed is low, the back electromotive force is not large; at high speed, the number of branches is increased to reduce the back electromotive force of the motor, so as to avoid the back electromotive force being too high, and the purpose of improving the speed of the motor is achieved.
[0015] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the following specific embodiments to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation on the present disclosure. In the drawings:
[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the stator structure provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the stator structure provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the stator structure provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0020] Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of the stator winding provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0021] EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
[0022] 1 - stator core; 11 - wire groove; 12 - groove layer; 2 - stator winding; 21 - branch; 22 - contactor; 23 - first phase winding; 24 - second phase winding; 25 - third phase winding; 3 - power supply; 4 - motor controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.
[0024] In the present disclosure, the orientation words such as "up, down, left, right" used without the opposite description are generally specified for the use state of the substructure. "Inner, outer" refers to the contour of the part itself, and "first direction" can refer to the X direction in the figure. In addition, it should be noted that the terms such as "first, second" used are for distinguishing one element from another element, and do not have sequential and important meanings. In addition, in the description with reference to the drawings, the same marks in different drawings represent the same elements. Figure 1
[0025] As shown in Figures 1-4 The first aspect of the present disclosure provides a stator structure, comprising: a stator core 1 and a stator winding 2, the stator core 1 is arranged with a plurality of wire grooves 11 in the circumferential direction, each wire groove 11 comprises a plurality of slot layers 12 arranged in the radial direction of the stator core 1; the stator winding 2 comprises a three-phase winding arranged in the wire groove 11, each phase winding comprises a plurality of parallel branches 21, and at least part of the branches 21 in each phase winding is provided with a contact breaker 22.
[0026] Through the above technical solution, by arranging a three-phase winding in each wire groove 11 of the stator core 1, each phase winding comprises a plurality of parallel branches 21, and at least part of the branches 21 is provided with a contact breaker 22, so that the number of branches 21 can be selectively opened and closed according to the selection, that is, at low speed, selectively close part of the branches 21, reduce the number of branches, because the speed is low, so the back electromotive force is not large, so that the motor can stably output torque; at high speed, by closing multiple branches 21 to increase the number of branches 21, the motor is subjected to field weakening treatment, the back electromotive force of the motor is reduced, and the purpose of improving the speed of the motor is achieved.
[0027] In some implementable ways, the stator winding 2 comprises a three-phase winding, which is a first phase winding 23, a second phase winding 24 and a third phase winding 25, and the branches 21 in each phase winding are arranged in the wire groove 11 with a preset span.
[0028] In some implementable ways, in order to facilitate the opening and closing of the branches 21, the number of contact breakers 22 arranged on the branches 21 is not less than half of the number of branches 21, for example, contact breakers 22 can be arranged on two-thirds of the branches 21, so that more branches 21 can be controlled to be opened and closed, so as to adapt to a larger range of adjusting the back electromotive force of the motor, so that the motor can adapt to more working conditions, so that the motor can run in the high speed range.
[0029] It can be understood that the above structure of providing the on-off switch 22 on two-thirds of the branches 21 is illustrative, and in other embodiments, the on-off switch 22 can also be provided on other numbers of branches 21, as long as the number of on-off switches 22 provided on the branches 21 is not less than half of the number of branches 21.
[0030] In order to facilitate the stator winding 2 to be arranged on the stator core 1, in some embodiments, the number of corresponding branches 21 in each phase winding is equal, and by equalizing the number of corresponding branches 21 in each phase winding, the winding of each phase winding in the winding slot 11 of the stator core 1 can be facilitated. At the same time, by synchronously controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding branches 21 in each phase, the back electromotive force of the motor can be more smoothly adjusted, and the speed of the motor can be improved.
[0031] In some embodiments, the on-off switch 22 is any one of a relay switch, a semiconductor switch or a contactor. In the present disclosure, the on-off switch 22 is preferably a contactor, which can be connected to the control center signal of the motor, and the speed of the motor can be obtained through the motor control center, so as to adjust the opening and closing of the corresponding contactor, so as to accurately control the number of branches 21 to be opened and closed, and thus accurately control the back electromotive force in the motor, so as to improve the operation of the motor in the high speed range.
[0032] In some embodiments, the stator winding 2 includes a first phase winding 23, a second phase winding 24 and a third phase winding 25, and the wiring mode of each branch 21 of the three-phase winding is the same. The wiring mode of each branch 21 of the three-phase winding is the same, so as to facilitate the stator winding 2 to be wound in the winding slot 11 of the stator core 1, and facilitate mass production. Of course, the wiring mode of the branch 21 in each phase is the same, which can also ensure the electromagnetic balance and consistency of the performance of the motor. Specifically, the initial winding slot 11 of the branch 21 of the first phase winding 23 and the initial winding slot 11 of the corresponding branch 21 of the second phase winding 24 are spaced apart by 6 winding slots 11 along the first direction; the initial winding slot 11 of the branch 21 of the third phase winding 25 and the initial winding slot 11 of the corresponding branch 21 of the first phase winding 23 are spaced apart by 6 winding slots 11 along the first direction; and the initial winding slot 11 of the branch 21 of the second phase winding 24 and the initial winding slot 11 of the branch 21 of the third phase winding 25 are spaced apart by 12 winding slots 11 along the first direction.
[0033] It can be understood that the above cross-winding of the branch 21 of the first phase winding 23, the branch 21 of the second phase winding 24 and the branch 21 of the third phase winding 25 is illustrative, and in other embodiments, it can be reselected according to specific working conditions, and the present disclosure is not limited.
[0034] In some implementable manners, the wiring manner of the stator structure can be applicable to the stator structures with different pole numbers, different winding slots, different layers, and different numbers of branches. That is, the number of the winding slots 11 is M, and the number of the slot layers 12 in each winding slot 11 is N, where M can be an integer multiple of 3, N can be a positive integer, and the specific numbers of M and N can be selected according to the specific motor requirements, which are not specifically limited in the present disclosure.
[0035] As shown in FIG. 1, the number of the winding slots 11 is M, and the number of the slot layers 12 in each winding slot 11 is N, where M can be an integer multiple of 3, N can be a positive integer, and the specific numbers of M and N can be selected according to the specific motor requirements, which are not specifically limited in the present disclosure. Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1, the number of the winding slots 11 is M, and the number of the slot layers 12 in each winding slot 11 is N, where M can be an integer multiple of 3, N can be a positive integer, and the specific numbers of M and N can be selected according to the specific motor requirements, which are not specifically limited in the present disclosure. For example, each phase includes two branches 21, the span of the first end and the tail end of the branch 21 in each phase is 26 winding slots 11, there are three winding periods on the branch 21 in each phase, each branch 21 is separately wound in the corresponding winding slot 11, and only one corresponding branch 21 exists in the same winding slot 11, thereby avoiding the interference between the branches 21 in each phase. For example, there are two branches 21 in parallel in the first phase winding 23, the circuit of the first phase winding 23 is connected with the power supply 3, the motor controller 4 is arranged in the circuit of the first phase winding 23, and one of the two branches 21 is provided with the on-off switch 22, where the first end of the two branches 21 is spaced apart by 8 winding slots 11, and the tail end of the two branches 21 is spaced apart by 8 winding slots 11. Similarly, the second phase winding 24 and the third phase winding 25 can be wired according to the first phase winding 23. In this way, when the motor needs to rotate at high speed, the back electromotive force of the motor can be reduced by turning on the on-off switch 22 to make both of the two branches 21 conductive, so that the motor can rotate in the high-speed interval.
[0036] It can be understood that the number of the winding slots 11 is 72, the number of the slot layers 12 in each winding slot 11 is 6, and each phase winding includes two parallel branches 21, which is illustrative. In other embodiments, the specific numbers can be reselected according to the specific working conditions, as long as M is an integer multiple of 3, N is a positive integer, and the number of the parallel branches 21 is greater than 2.
[0037] In some implementable manners, as shown in Figure 3As shown, the number of the wire grooves 11 is 72, the number of the groove layers 12 in each wire groove 11 is 6, each phase winding includes four parallel branches 21, and the on-off switch 22 can be arranged on each of the four parallel branches 21. When the motor rotates at a high speed, the number of the on-off switches 22 can be selectively opened according to the specific speed, so that multiple branches 21 are turned on, thereby reducing the back electromotive force of the motor and enabling the motor to output torque more stably. In this embodiment, the relationship between the motor torque, the number of layers, and the number of branches can be reflected by the number of parallel wires per phase, and different combinations correspond to different currents. N_a=N_s*N_l / m*a, wherein N_s is the number of stator slots, N_l is the number of winding layers, m is the number of phases, and a is the number of parallel branches. Therefore, when the motor needs to be field-weakened, the number of parallel branches can be adjusted to field-weaken the motor, thereby avoiding excessively high back electromotive force of the motor and enabling the motor to output torque more stably.
[0038] It should be noted that the above description is only based on the first phase winding 23, and the second phase winding 24 and the third phase winding 25 can be wound in the same way as the first phase winding 23. When the motor rotates at a high speed, the on-off switch 22 on the corresponding branch 21 in the second phase winding 24 and the third phase winding 25 can be selectively opened according to the specific speed, so that multiple branches 21 are turned on, thereby reducing the back electromotive force of the motor and enabling the motor to operate in a high speed range.
[0039] It should be noted that the number of parallel branches 21 in each phase is illustrative, and in other embodiments, the number of parallel branches 21 can be selected according to specific working conditions.
[0040] The second aspect of the present disclosure provides a motor including the above-mentioned stator structure. The motor can include the above-mentioned stator structure and a rotor structure cooperating with the stator structure, the rotor structure being connected to an output shaft end and outputting torque. The motor includes all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned stator structure, which will not be described here.
[0041] The third aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle including the above-mentioned motor. The vehicle can be any one of a new energy vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a pure electric vehicle. The vehicle has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned motor, which will not be described here.
[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above-described embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
[0043] It should be further noted that various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner, and the disclosure will not be repeated here for various possible combinations.
[0044] In addition, various different embodiments of the disclosure can also be combined with each other as long as they do not contradict the idea of the disclosure, and they should also be considered as disclosed by the disclosure.
Claims
1. A stator structure, characterized in that, include: The stator core has multiple winding slots spaced apart circumferentially. Each of the winding slots includes a plurality of slot layers spaced radially along the stator core; and The stator winding includes a three-phase winding wound in the winding slot, each phase winding including multiple parallel branches, and at least a portion of the branches in each phase winding are provided with a switch.
2. The stator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of circuit breakers installed on the branch is not less than half the number of the branch.
3. The stator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of branches in each phase winding is equal.
4. The stator structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The switch can be any one of a relay switch, a semiconductor switch, or a contactor.
5. The stator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator winding includes a first phase winding, a second phase winding, and a third phase winding, and the wiring method of each branch of the three phase winding is the same.
6. The stator structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The initial winding slot of the branch of the first phase winding is separated from the initial winding slot of the corresponding branch of the second phase winding by a span of 6 winding slots along the first direction; the initial winding slot of the branch of the third phase winding is separated from the initial winding slot of the corresponding branch of the first phase winding by a span of 6 winding slots along the first direction; and the initial winding slot of the branch of the second phase winding is separated from the initial winding slot of the branch of the third phase winding by a span of 12 winding slots along the first direction.
7. The stator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of winding slots is M, and the number of slot layers in each winding slot is N, where M is an integer multiple of 3 and N is a positive integer.
8. The stator structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of winding slots is M = 72, each winding slot has 6 layers, and each phase winding includes at least 2 branches connected in parallel.
9. An electric motor, characterized in that, Includes the stator structure described in any one of claims 1-8.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the motor described in claim 9.