Ultrahigh-speed rotating rectifier

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of rectifiers, and particularly discloses an ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier. The superspeed rotating rectifier comprises two groups of rotating piezoresistor modules, a front three-phase diode parallel module, a rear three-phase diode parallel module, a rotating rectifying disc, a negative bus metal bar and a positive bus metal bar. And two ends of each group of rotary piezoresistor module are respectively connected with the front three-phase diode parallel module and the rear three-phase diode parallel module through metal sheets, and are fixed in the rotary rectifying disc through bolts in an insulating manner. And the negative bus metal bar is fixed on the front three-phase diode parallel module through bolts. And the positive bus metal bar is fixed on the rear three-phase diode parallel module through a bolt. All the modules are fixed to the rotary rectifying disc through bolts, and installation is firm. Compared with a cable connection mode, the piezoresistor and the diode are connected through the metal sheet, so that the high-speed centrifugal force sensor is firmer, small in amplitude, more compact in structure and capable of adapting to a high-speed centrifugal force environment of a high-speed or ultra-high-speed brushless synchronous motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rectifier technology, specifically to an ultra-high speed rotating rectifier. Background Technology

[0002] A rectifier converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC), ensuring a stable DC power supply for the brushless motor to operate normally. Internally, a rectifier typically contains diodes and varistors. Diodes are unidirectional conductors, converting alternating current (AC) with varying direction into direct current (DC), thus rectifying the current. Varistors are insulating under normal voltage conditions; however, when the voltage in the circuit exceeds a certain range, the varistor's resistance changes, limiting the voltage in the circuit and providing overvoltage protection for the diodes.

[0003] In the application of brushless synchronous motors, high-speed or ultra-high-speed (≥3000rpm) brushless synchronous motors are less common. The main reason for their limited application is that the diodes and varistors of the rectifier are connected by cables. During the high-speed or ultra-high-speed rotation of the rotor, the cable joints of the rectifier are prone to detachment or breakage, making it impossible for the rotary rectifier to guarantee reliable operation under such high-speed centrifugal force. Therefore, designing a rotary rectifier that can adapt to high and ultra-high speeds, operate reliably, and is easy to maintain is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] Given that the diodes and varistors of the rectifier are connected by cables, the cable joints of the rectifier are prone to detachment or breakage during high-speed or ultra-high-speed rotor rotation. This makes it impossible for the rotary rectifier to operate reliably under such high-speed centrifugal force, which limits the application of high-speed or ultra-high-speed brushless synchronous motors. This application uses a metal sheet to connect the diodes and varistors, and the following technical solution is adopted.

[0005] An ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier includes two sets of rotating varistor modules, a front three-phase diode parallel module, a rear three-phase diode parallel module, a rotating rectifier disk, a negative busbar metal bus, and a positive busbar metal bus. The two sets of rotating varistor modules, the front three-phase diode parallel module, and the rear three-phase diode parallel module are all insulatedly fixed to the rotating rectifier disk by bolts. The two ends of each set of rotating varistor modules are connected to the front three-phase diode parallel module and the rear three-phase diode parallel module respectively by metal plates. Each set of rotating varistor modules includes four interconnected varistors. The negative busbar metal bus is fixed to the front three-phase diode parallel module by bolts. The positive busbar metal bus is fixed to the rear three-phase diode parallel module by bolts.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, each module is fixed to the rotating rectifier disk with bolts, ensuring a secure installation. Two sets of rotating varistor modules are connected in parallel, with the varistor and diode connected by a metal plate. Compared to cable connections, this method is more robust, has a smaller amplitude, and a more compact structure, making it suitable for the high-speed centrifugal force environment of high-speed or ultra-high-speed brushless synchronous motors.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier, the four varistors of the two sets of rotating varistor modules have the same connection structure, and the eight varistors are the same resistors, that is, the eight varistors have the same electrical characteristics.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the two sets of rotating varistor modules have the same resistance and voltage under normal conditions, and can trigger overvoltage protection at the same time, providing good dual protection.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier, all four varistors in each group of rotating varistor modules are connected in parallel.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, all eight varistors of the two sets of rotating varistor modules are connected in parallel, so the impact of damage to individual varistors is small.

[0011] A preferred embodiment of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier is that, in each group of rotating varistor modules, the four varistors are divided into two groups of varistors connected in series, and each group consists of two varistors connected in parallel.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection structure forms a parallel overvoltage absorption circuit, which increases the voltage resistance and has a dual design. If one fails, the other can still absorb the overvoltage normally, providing good overvoltage protection for the diode.

[0013] A preferred embodiment of this ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier is that the front three-phase diode parallel module includes three sets of negative diode parallel modules, each set having two diodes connected in parallel. The rear three-phase diode parallel module includes three sets of positive diode parallel modules, each set having two diodes connected in parallel.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the diodes are configured in parallel with redundancy, so that they can still work normally even if one diode fails.

[0015] A preferred embodiment of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier includes six first conductive heat dissipation modules, all of which are insulated and fixed to the rotating rectifier disk by bolts. Two diodes from each group of negative diode parallel modules are connected in parallel and pressed onto one first conductive heat dissipation module; two diodes from each group of positive diode parallel modules are also connected in parallel and pressed onto one first conductive heat dissipation module. The three first conductive heat dissipation modules connected to the three groups of negative diode parallel modules are mutually fixedly connected by metal sheets, and after being mutually fixedly connected, they are connected to the negative busbar metal busbar by bolts. Similarly, the three first conductive heat dissipation modules connected to the three groups of positive diode parallel modules are mutually fixedly connected by metal sheets, and after being mutually fixedly connected, they are connected to the positive busbar metal busbar by bolts.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the first conductive heat dissipation module is firmly fixed in the rotating rectifier disk. The connection structure between multiple first conductive heat dissipation modules is simple. Each diode, negative busbar metal busbar, positive busbar metal busbar and each first conductive heat dissipation module are firmly connected and can withstand a large centrifugal force environment without easily falling off.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier, the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier further includes two second conductive heat dissipation modules, both of which are fixed to the rotating rectifier disk with insulation by bolts. The four varistors of each group of rotating varistor modules are pressed onto one of the second conductive heat dissipation modules.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the second conductive heat dissipation module is firmly fixed in the rotating rectifier disk, and the connection between the varistor and the second conductive heat dissipation module is firm, which can withstand a large centrifugal force environment and is not easy to fall off.

[0019] A preferred embodiment of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier is that the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier further includes three AC input metal busbars; each of the AC input metal busbars is connected to a set of negative diode parallel modules and a set of positive diode parallel modules at its two ends.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, a three-phase connection is formed, and the metal busbar as a medium has a simple structure and reduced weight.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier, each end of the AC input metal busbar is U-shaped, and the two diodes of the negative diode parallel module are fixed by sliding into the U-shaped groove at one end, while the two diodes of the positive diode parallel module are fixed by sliding into the U-shaped groove at the other end.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, it is relatively convenient to disassemble and assemble the AC input metal busbar and diodes.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier, the rotating rectifier disk has six semi-circular holes, with each set of negative diode parallel modules and each set of positive diode parallel modules facing one of the semi-circular holes; the two ends of each AC input metal busbar pass through two of the semi-circular holes and are connected to a set of negative diode parallel modules and a set of positive diode parallel modules.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the semi-circular hole can be used to pass through the AC input metal busbar, which is also beneficial for the heat dissipation of the diode.

[0025] In summary, the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier of this application has the following advantages: It uses metal sheets to connect diodes and varistors, which can carry a large current, eliminates cable connections, and reduces weight for the same current carrying capacity, allowing for a smaller diameter and more compact structure to accommodate higher speeds; the parallel redundant configuration of diodes ensures normal operation even if one diode fails; the installation of varistors between the three-phase diodes provides overvoltage absorption, effectively protecting the diodes from reverse breakdown; and the U-shaped AC input metal busbar structure design facilitates easy installation and replacement of each module. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a top view of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier along the radial direction of the rotating rectifier disk.

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of connecting the U-shaped end of the AC input metal busbar to the insulating screws on the two diodes.

[0029] Figure 4 This is the electrical schematic diagram of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier in Example 1.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a top view of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier in Example 2.

[0031] Figure 6 This is the electrical schematic diagram of the ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier in Example 2.

[0032] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Rotating varistor module; 2. Front three-phase diode parallel module; 3. Rear three-phase diode parallel module; 4. Rotating rectifier disk; 5. Negative busbar metal bus; 6. Positive busbar metal bus; 7. First conductive heat dissipation module; 8. Second conductive heat dissipation module; 9. AC input metal bus; 10. Metal sheet; 401. Chassis; 402. Vertical ring; 4011. Large round hole; 11. Insulating pad; 12. Insulating bolt; 4012. Ventilation hole. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1 An ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier includes two sets of rotating varistor modules 1, a front three-phase diode parallel module 2, a rear three-phase diode parallel module 3, a rotating rectifier disk 4, a negative busbar metal busbar 5, a positive busbar metal busbar 6, six first conductive heat dissipation modules 7, two second conductive heat dissipation modules 8, and several metal sheets 10 for electrically connecting the diodes, heat sinks, and varistors. These metal sheets 10 can be copper sheets. Figure 2 The ultra-high-speed rotary rectifier also includes three AC input metal bars 9.

[0035] like Figure 1 The rotating rectifier disk 4 includes a circular base 401 and a vertical ring 402. The base 401 has a large circular hole 4011 in the center for the motor shaft to pass through. The vertical ring 402 is perpendicular to the base 401 and surrounds the periphery of the base 401. Figure 1 and Figure 3 The top view of the rotating rectifier disk 4 is shown. The two sets of rotating varistor modules 1, the front three-phase diode parallel module 2, and the rear three-phase diode parallel module 3 are all insulated and fixed on the inner wall of the vertical ring 402 of the rotating rectifier disk 4.

[0036] Two sets of rotating varistor modules 1 are arranged opposite each other. A front three-phase diode parallel module 2 and a rear three-phase diode parallel module 3 are arranged opposite each other. The two sets of rotating varistor modules 1 are symmetrically arranged between the front three-phase diode parallel module 2 and the rear three-phase diode parallel module 3.

[0037] Each group of rotating varistor modules 1 has four varistors. Figure 1 and Figure 3 Only two varistors are shown due to the top-down view; each varistor has an additional varistor below it. The two overlapping varistors, viewed from above, are connected in parallel and are both pressed onto the second conductive heat dissipation module 8. The varistors and the second conductive heat dissipation module 8 are electrically connected. However, under normal voltage, the varistor acts as an insulator. When the voltage exceeds a threshold, the varistor conducts and divides the voltage, providing overvoltage protection for the diode. The second conductive heat dissipation module 8 can be made of aluminum. The second conductive heat dissipation module 8 is insulatedly fixed to the base 401 of the rotating rectifier disk 4 by three bolts.

[0038] like Figure 2An insulating pad 11 is placed between the second conductive heat dissipation module 8 and the rotating rectifier disk 4, which completely insulates and separates the two components. Insulating bolts 12 are threaded through the base 401 of the second conductive heat dissipation module 8 and the rotating rectifier disk 4, thus insulatingly fixing the second conductive heat dissipation module 8 to the rotating rectifier disk 4, thereby completely insulating the varistor mounted on the second conductive heat dissipation module 8 from the rotating rectifier disk 4.

[0039] like Figure 1 The first three-phase diode parallel module 2 consists of three sets of negative diode parallel modules, each set of negative diode parallel modules including two diodes. Figure 1 This is a top view of the rectifier. The two diodes in each negative diode parallel module visually overlap, so only three diodes are shown in the first three-phase diode parallel module 2. The included angle between adjacent diodes is 45°.

[0040] like Figure 1 The third three-phase diode parallel module consists of three groups of positive diode parallel modules, each group of which includes two diodes. Figure 1 This is a top view of the rectifier. The two diodes in each group of parallel positive diode modules visually overlap, so only three diodes are shown in the three-phase parallel diode module 3. The included angle between adjacent diodes is 45°.

[0041] For the first three-phase diode parallel module 2 and the second three-phase diode parallel module 3, the two diodes in each negative diode parallel module and each positive diode parallel module are pressed onto a first conductive heat dissipation module 7. This ensures that during normal operation, the two diodes maintain essentially the same temperature and resistance, which is beneficial for equal current flow through both diodes. The first conductive heat dissipation module 7 can be made of aluminum. An insulating pad 11 is attached between the first conductive heat dissipation module 7 and the rotating rectifier disk 4, completely insulating them. Insulating bolts 12 are screwed through the base 401 of the first conductive heat dissipation module 7, the insulating pad 11, and the rotating rectifier disk 4, thus insulatingly fixing the first conductive heat dissipation module 7 to the rotating rectifier disk 4, ensuring insulated contact between the diodes and the rotating rectifier disk 4. The three first conductive heat dissipation modules 7 connecting the first three-phase diode parallel module 2 are interconnected by metal plates 10. The three first conductive heat dissipation modules 7 connecting the second three-phase diode parallel module 3 are interconnected by metal plates 10.

[0042] like Figure 1 The negative busbar metal bus 5 is fixedly connected to the middle of the three first conductive heat dissipation modules 7 by insulating bolts 12. The negative busbar metal bus 5 and the first conductive heat dissipation module 7 are in close contact to form a conductive connection, so that the negative busbar metal bus 5 is connected to the front three-phase diode parallel module 2.

[0043] like Figure 1 The positive busbar metal busbar 6 is fixedly connected to the middle of the three first conductive heat dissipation modules 7 by insulating bolts 12. The positive busbar metal busbar 6 and the first conductive heat dissipation module 7 are in close contact to form a conductive connection, so that the positive busbar metal busbar 6 and the rear three-phase diode parallel module 3 are connected.

[0044] like Figure 1 Each of the first conductive heat dissipation modules 7 has toothed structures at both ends, which is beneficial for heat dissipation.

[0045] like Figure 1 The base 401 of the rotating rectifier disk 4 also has six semi-circular ventilation holes 4012 around its central large circular hole 4011, with the arc edge of each ventilation hole 4012 facing the central large circular hole 4011. These six ventilation holes 4012 are respectively located below the three sets of parallel negative diode modules and the three sets of parallel positive diode modules. The ventilation holes 4012 serve two purposes: firstly, to provide ventilation and heat dissipation for the diodes, and secondly, to allow the AC input metal busbars 9 to pass through. Specifically, this ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier contains three AC input metal busbars 9.

[0046] like Figure 3 Each AC input busbar 9 has two U-shaped ends. Each end passes through the reverse side of the rotating rectifier disk 4 and connects to two longitudinally parallel diodes in the diode parallel module. Each diode is secured with a bolt, the bolt head exposed and facing the vent hole 4012. The U-shaped end of the AC input busbar 9 slides into the two bolt heads after passing through the vent hole 4012, i.e., the U-shaped end clamps the two longitudinal bolts. Tightening the bolts ensures a tight connection between the U-shaped end and the two diodes. For disassembly, loosening the two bolts and pulling out the AC input busbar allows for easy removal of the bolts and diodes.

[0047] For the middle set of parallel diode modules, for example, the upper surface of the middle negative diode parallel module is also connected to the negative busbar metal bus 5, and the upper surface of the middle positive diode parallel module is also connected to the positive busbar metal bus 6. After the negative busbar metal bus 5 and the positive busbar metal bus 6 are wrapped with insulating tape, they are fixed on the motor shaft so that the centrifugal force they bear is small and they have shaft support.

[0048] The four varistors in the two sets of rotating varistor modules 1 have the same connection structure, and each varistor has the same resistance, meaning their electrical characteristics are identical. There are two embodiments of the rotating varistor module 1.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 4This is an ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier containing the rotating varistor module 1 of Embodiment 1. In Embodiment 1, the four varistors of each group of rotating varistor modules 1 are connected in parallel, so that all eight varistors of the two groups of rotating varistor modules 1 are connected in parallel. In each group of rotating varistor modules 1, the self-connection of the four varistors and the connection method with the diode parallel module are as follows: Figure 1 Four varistors are pressed onto the same second conductive heat dissipation module 8. One end of a metal sheet 10 is connected to the same end of all four varistors, and the other end of the metal sheet 10 is connected to an adjacent first conductive heat dissipation module 7. Another metal sheet 10 connects the second conductive heat dissipation module 8 and the adjacent first conductive heat dissipation module 7, forming a parallel overvoltage absorption circuit suitable for circuits with relatively low operating voltages. The metal sheet 10 can be a copper sheet. In this overvoltage absorption circuit, the four varistors are connected in parallel and in series in the overall circuit, that is, the four varistors are connected in series between the front three-phase diode parallel module 2 and the rear three-phase diode parallel module 3, forming... Figure 4 The overall circuit diagram is shown above. The metal sheet 10 and the varistor are connected and fixed by bolts in series with the copper sheet and the varistor. The metal sheet 10 is also fixed to the second conductive heat dissipation module 8 and the first conductive heat dissipation module 7 using bolts. The bolts in this embodiment can be made of insulating material.

[0050] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 This is an ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier containing the rotating varistor module 1 of Embodiment 2. In Embodiment 2, the four varistors of each group of rotating varistor modules 1 are divided into two groups, with each group consisting of two varistors connected in parallel. The two groups of resistors are connected in series, forming a configuration as shown in the figure. Figure 6 The circuit structure. For example... Figure 5 In each set of rotating varistor modules 1, four varistors are fixed to the second conductive heat dissipation module 8 by bolts. A metal plate 10 connects two varistors and one second conductive heat dissipation module 8 via bolts, and another metal plate 10 connects two more varistors and another second conductive heat dissipation module 8 via bolts. Thus, the first two varistors and the last two varistors form a series connection, while the first two varistors are internally connected in parallel, and the last two varistors are also internally connected in parallel, forming a series-parallel overvoltage absorption circuit suitable for circuits with high operating voltages. These four varistors are connected in series between the front and rear second conductive heat dissipation modules 8, forming... Figure 6 The circuit structure. The bolts in this embodiment can be made of insulating material.

[0051] This application uses a metal sheet 10 to connect the various components between the rotating varistor module 1, the front three-phase diode parallel module 2, and the rear three-phase diode parallel module 3. It can carry a large current, eliminates cable connections, and reduces weight under the same current carrying capacity, making the high-speed rotating rectifier small in diameter and compact in structure, which can adapt to higher speeds. The diode parallel redundant configuration means that it can still work normally even if one diode fails. It has an overvoltage absorption function, which can effectively protect the diode from reverse breakdown. The design of the U-shaped AC input metal busbar 9 makes it easy to install and replace each module.

[0052] The above are merely some embodiments of this application. The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the above embodiments. For those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the inventive design of this application should also fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier, characterized in that, It includes two sets of rotating varistor modules (1), a front three-phase diode parallel module (2), a rear three-phase diode parallel module (3), a rotating rectifier disk (4), a negative busbar metal bus (5), and a positive busbar metal bus (6). The two sets of rotating varistor modules (1), the front three-phase diode parallel module (2), and the rear three-phase diode parallel module (3) are all fixed insulated to the rotating rectifier disk (4) by bolts; the two ends of each set of rotating varistor modules (1) are connected to the front three-phase diode parallel module (2) and the rear three-phase diode parallel module (3) by metal plates (10); each set of rotating varistor modules (1) includes four interconnected varistors; The negative busbar metal bus (5) is fixed to the front three-phase diode parallel module (2) by bolts; the positive busbar metal bus (6) is fixed to the rear three-phase diode parallel module (3) by bolts.

2. The ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four varistors of the two sets of rotating varistor modules (1) have the same connection structure, and the eight varistors are the same resistors.

3. The ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In each group of the rotating varistor modules (1), all four varistors are connected in parallel.

4. The ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In each group of the rotating varistor modules (1), the four varistors are divided into two groups of varistors connected in series, and each group consists of two varistors connected in parallel.

5. The ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-phase diode parallel module (2) includes three sets of negative diode parallel modules, each set of negative diode parallel modules has two diodes connected in parallel; The rear three-phase diode parallel module (3) includes three sets of positive diode parallel modules, each set of positive diode parallel modules has two diodes connected in parallel.

6. The ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ultra-high speed rotating rectifier also includes six first conductive heat dissipation modules (7), all of which are fixed insulated to the rotating rectifier disk (4) by bolts; the two diodes of each negative diode parallel module are connected in parallel to one first conductive heat dissipation module (7), and the two diodes of each positive diode parallel module are also connected in parallel to one first conductive heat dissipation module (7). The three first conductive heat dissipation modules (7) connected to the three sets of negative diode parallel modules are fixedly connected to each other by metal plates (10), and after being fixedly connected to each other, the negative busbar metal busbar (5) is connected by bolts; the three first conductive heat dissipation modules (7) connected to the three sets of positive diode parallel modules are fixedly connected to each other by metal plates (10), and after being fixedly connected to each other, the positive busbar metal busbar (6) is connected by bolts.

7. The ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ultra-high speed rotary rectifier also includes two second conductive heat dissipation modules (8), which are fixed to the rotary rectifier disk (4) by bolts for insulation. The four varistors of each rotating varistor module (1) are pressed onto a second conductive heat dissipation module (8).

8. The ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ultra-high speed rotating rectifier also includes three AC input metal busbars (9); each of the AC input metal busbars (9) is connected to a set of negative diode parallel modules and a set of positive diode parallel modules at its two ends.

9. The ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the AC input metal bars (9) is U-shaped at each end. The two diodes of the negative diode parallel module slide into the U-shaped groove at one end and are fixed, while the two diodes of the positive diode parallel module slide into the U-shaped groove at the other end and are fixed.

10. The ultra-high-speed rotating rectifier according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The rotating rectifier disk (4) has six semi-circular holes, and each set of negative diode parallel modules and each set of positive diode parallel modules are directly opposite one of the semi-circular holes; the two ends of each AC input metal busbar (9) pass through two of the semi-circular holes and are connected to a set of negative diode parallel modules and a set of positive diode parallel modules.

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