Main shaft cooling structure, electric main shaft and machine tool
By designing cooling channels for the front bearing housing, rear bearing housing, and front end cover in the electric spindle, sufficient cooling of the front bearing, front end cover, rear bearing, and stator is achieved, solving the problem of poor cooling effect in the prior art and improving the machining accuracy of the electric spindle.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422936219.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing cooling methods for electric spindles in machining processes cannot effectively reduce the heat of the front bearing, affecting the thermal elongation and machining accuracy of the electric spindle.
A spindle cooling structure was designed, including a front bearing housing, a rear bearing housing, a front end cover, and a stator cooling channel. The coolant passes through the water inlet, the front bearing housing cooling channel, the front end cover cooling channel, the rear bearing housing cooling channel, and the stator cooling channel in sequence to achieve sufficient cooling of the front bearing, the front end cover, the rear bearing, and the stator.
It significantly improves the cooling effect of the front bearing, reduces the thermal elongation of the electric spindle, and improves machining accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN223519261U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to machining field, in particular to a main shaft cooling structure, electric spindle and machine tool. BACKGROUND
[0002] The machining electric spindle is one of the core functional components of the machine tool, and in the process of machining the part, not only the stability and machining precision of the electric spindle in high speed operation are ensured, but also greater carrying capacity and cutting force are provided. In this case, the heat generated by the motor and the heat generated by the front and rear bearings cannot be ignored. Among them, the heat generation of the front bearing is larger than that of the rear bearing. If these heat generating elements are not cooled in time, it will directly affect the thermal elongation of the electric spindle, thereby affecting the size and precision of the part.
[0003] The existing cooling method of the machining electric spindle is mostly simple circulation cooling of the stator shell and the front and rear bearings, which does not achieve the ideal cooling effect. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0004] The utility model discloses a main shaft cooling structure, electric spindle and machine tool, and at least one of the technical problems in the prior art is solved.
[0005] The utility model discloses the technical scheme that solves its technical problem is:
[0006] Firstly, a main shaft cooling structure is provided, which comprises a machine body, a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat are arranged on the machine body, a front end cover is arranged on the outer side of the front bearing seat, the front bearing seat is provided with a front bearing seat cooling water channel, the rear bearing seat is provided with a rear bearing seat cooling water channel, the front end cover is provided with a front end cover cooling water channel, the machine body is provided with a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole, and the water inlet hole, the front bearing seat cooling water channel, the front end cover cooling water channel, the rear bearing seat cooling water channel, the stator cooling water channel and the water outlet hole are sequentially communicated along the flow direction of the cooling liquid.
[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the front bearing seat is formed on the machine body, a front bearing outer sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the front bearing seat, the front end cover is connected with the machine body and locks the front bearing outer sleeve on the machine body, and a first annular water groove is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the front bearing seat, and the front bearing seat cooling water channel is formed through the first annular water groove.
[0008] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the outer circumferential surface of the front bearing seat is provided with a plurality of first annular grooves, the first annular grooves are distributed in the axial direction, and a water passing channel is arranged between adjacent first annular grooves. The water inlet hole extends to the frontmost first annular groove in the axial direction of the machine body, and the rearmost first annular groove is communicated to the front end cover cooling water channel through an axial hole.
[0009] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the groove bottom of the first annular groove is provided with a zigzag groove.
[0010] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the front end cover is provided with a shaft hole, the front end cover cooling water channel includes an inlet arranged on one side of the shaft hole, an outlet arranged on the other side of the shaft hole, and a front end cover water hole communicated from the inlet to the outlet around the shaft hole, the front end cover water hole includes a first front end cover water hole communicated from the inlet to the outlet around the shaft hole in a first direction and a second front end cover water hole communicated from the inlet to the outlet around the shaft hole in a second direction.
[0011] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the front end cover water hole includes a plurality of straight holes extending in the tangential direction of the shaft hole, and the plurality of straight holes are connected in sequence and communicated from the inlet to the outlet.
[0012] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the rear end of the machine body forms a sleeve part, the rear bearing seat is inserted into the sleeve part, the outer circumferential surface of the rear bearing seat is provided with a second annular groove, and a rear bearing seat cooling water channel is formed through the second annular groove.
[0013] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the machine body is provided with a stator cooling water jacket between the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat, and a stator cooling water channel is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the stator cooling water jacket and the machine body.
[0014] The second aspect is an electric spindle, including the spindle cooling structure in any implementation manner of the first aspect.
[0015] The third aspect is a machine tool, including the electric spindle in any implementation manner of the second aspect.
[0016] One of the above technical solutions has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects: In the technical scheme of the utility model, the cooling medium enters the body through the water inlet hole, and then cools the front bearing, the front end cover, the rear bearing and the stator in turn. The above cooling method can well cool the heat generated by the front bearing and significantly improve the thermal elongation of the electric spindle. In particular, the front end cover cooling water channel covers the front end cover of the front bearing seat in addition to the outer peripheral surface of the front bearing seat, thereby increasing the cooling coverage area of the front bearing heat conduction element, removing more heat as much as possible, significantly improving the cooling effect, improving the thermal elongation of the spindle, and improving the machining precision of the electric spindle.
[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be partially given in the following description, some will become apparent from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, with reference to the following drawings, in which:
[0019] Figure 1 is an embodiment structure schematic view of the utility model main shaft cooling structure;
[0020] Figure 2 is an embodiment structure schematic view of the utility model front bearing seat;
[0021] Figure 3 is an embodiment front bearing seat structure enlarged view of the utility model main shaft cooling structure;
[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 A-A section view in the; DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] This part will describe the specific embodiments of the utility model in detail, and the preferred embodiments of the utility model are shown in the drawings. The drawings are used to supplement the description of the text part of the specification, so that people can intuitively and visually understand each technical feature and the overall technical scheme of the utility model. However, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the utility model.
[0024] In the utility model, if the direction (up, down, left, right, front and back) is described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical scheme of the utility model, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the technical features referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.
[0025] In the utility model, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, and "greater than", "less than", "exceed" and the like are understood as not including the number; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood as including the number. In the description of the utility model, if "first" and "second" are described, they are only used for distinguishing technical features for the purpose, and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.
[0026] In the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words "arrange", "install", "connect" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be fixedly connected, can also be detachably connected, can also be integrally formed; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected or capable of communicating with each other; can be the communication or interaction relationship between two elements inside two elements. The person skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the utility model according to the specific content of the technical scheme.
[0027] Among them, Figure 1 The reference direction coordinate system of the embodiment of the utility model is given, and the embodiment of the utility model is described below in combination with the direction shown in the drawings. Figure 1
[0028] Referring to Figure 1 The utility model discloses an embodiment provides a kind of main shaft cooling structure, including body 100, body 100 is equipped with front bearing seat 200 and rear bearing seat 300, the shaft core of being equipped with rotor can be supported in body 100 by the cooperation of front bearing 101 with front bearing seat 200 and the cooperation of rear bearing 102 with rear bearing seat 300, body 100 is equipped with stator 400 outside the rotor of shaft core, body 100 is equipped with front end cover 500 outside front bearing seat 200, front bearing seat 200 is equipped with front bearing seat cooling water channel 201, front bearing seat cooling water channel 201 is used to cool front bearing 101, rear bearing seat 300 is equipped with rear bearing seat cooling water channel 301, rear bearing seat cooling water channel 301 is used to cool rear bearing 102, front end cover 500 is equipped with front end cover cooling water channel 501, front end cover cooling water channel 501 is used to further cool front bearing 101 outside front bearing seat 200, body 100 is equipped with stator cooling water channel 601 between front bearing seat 200 and rear bearing seat 300, stator cooling water channel 601 is used to cool stator 400, body 100 is equipped with water inlet hole 103 and water outlet hole 104, cooling liquid can be by water inlet hole 103 into the cooling water channel of body 100, and finally by water outlet hole 104 flow out of body 100, water inlet hole 103, front bearing seat cooling water channel 201, front end cover cooling water channel 501, rear bearing seat cooling water channel 301, stator cooling water channel 601, water outlet hole 104 are sequentially communicated along the flow direction of cooling liquid.
[0029] Referring to Figure 1 In the technical scheme of the utility model, after the cooling medium enters the body 100 from the water inlet hole 103, the front bearing 101, the front end cover 500, the rear bearing 102 and the stator 400 are sequentially cooled, and the above cooling mode can well cool the heat generated by the front bearing 101 and obviously improve the thermal elongation of the electric spindle. In particular, the front bearing 101 is cooled by the front end cover cooling water channel 501, not only the outer peripheral surface of the front bearing seat 200, but also the front end cover 500 of the front bearing seat 200, which increases the cooling coverage area of the heat conduction element of the front bearing 101, removes as much heat as possible, significantly improves the cooling effect, and improves the thermal elongation of the main shaft, thereby improving the machining precision of the electric spindle.
[0030] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 3The front bearing seat 200 is formed on the body 100, an outer side of the front bearing seat 200 is sleeved with a front bearing outer sleeve 202, the front end cover 500 is connected with the body 100 and locks the front bearing outer sleeve 202 on the body 100, the front end cover 500 abuts against the front bearing seat 200 and the front bearing outer sleeve 202 in the axial direction, and an outer circumferential surface of the front bearing seat 200 is provided with one or more first annular water grooves 203, and the front bearing seat cooling water channel 201 is formed through the first annular water grooves 203. The cooling liquid flowing into the front bearing seat cooling water channel 201 can flow along the first annular water grooves 203, so that the front bearing 101 can be sufficiently cooled.
[0031] Further, in some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the outer circumferential surface of the front bearing seat 200 is provided with a plurality of first annular water grooves 203, for example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 , the outer circumferential surface of the front bearing seat 200 is provided with three first annular water grooves 203, the plurality of first annular water grooves 203 are distributed in the axial direction, adjacent first annular water grooves 203 are separated from each other through radial convex rings 204, and a water passing channel is arranged between adjacent first annular water grooves 203, the water passing channel passes through the radial convex ring 204 to guide two first annular water grooves 203, the water inlet hole 103 extends to the frontmost first annular water groove 203 in the axial direction of the body 100, and the last first annular water groove 203 is communicated to the front end cover cooling water channel 501 through an axial hole. In other words, after the cooling liquid enters through the water inlet hole 103, it first flows into the frontmost first annular water groove 203, and then flows through the other first annular water grooves 203 in turn, and finally flows out of the last first annular water groove 203 and is guided into the front end cover cooling water channel 501. This embodiment can preferentially cool the position of the front bearing 101 close to the front end, that is, the position with the highest heat generation, so that the cooling effect is obviously improved, and the thermal elongation of the main shaft is improved.
[0032] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 , the groove bottom of the first annular water groove 203 is provided with a sawtooth-shaped groove 205, which can significantly increase the contact area between the bearing seat and the cooling medium, so that the cooling effect is further obviously improved.
[0033] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4The front end cover 500 is provided with a shaft hole 502, the front end cover cooling water channel 501 comprises an inlet 503 arranged at one side of the shaft hole 502, an outlet 504 arranged at the other side of the shaft hole 502 and a front end cover water hole which is communicated from the inlet 503 to the outlet 504 around the shaft hole 502, wherein the inlet 503 is communicated with the front bearing seat cooling water channel 201, the outlet 504 is communicated with the rear bearing seat cooling water channel 301, and the front end cover water hole comprises a first front end cover water hole 505 communicated from the inlet 503 to the outlet 504 around the shaft hole 502 in a first direction and a second front end cover water hole 506 communicated from the inlet 503 to the outlet 504 around the shaft hole 502 in a second direction. The cooling liquid entering from the inlet 503 flows to both sides, that is, flows along the first front end cover water hole 505 and the second front end cover water hole 506 of the lower end cover respectively, and after each circulating half a circle, converges at the outlet 504 and is further introduced into the rear bearing seat cooling water channel 301 through the axial hole of the cylinder body 100.
[0034] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 The front end cover water hole comprises a plurality of straight holes extending along the tangential direction of the shaft hole 502, and the plurality of straight holes are connected in sequence and communicated from the inlet 503 to the outlet 504. In this embodiment, the first front end cover water hole 505 and the second front end cover water hole 506 are sequentially connected by the plurality of straight holes, so that the front end cover 500 is conveniently manufactured by drilling, and the manufacturing difficulty and cost are reduced.
[0035] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 The rear end of the cylinder body 100 forms a sleeve part 105, the rear bearing seat 300 is arranged separately from the cylinder body 100, the rear bearing seat 300 is inserted into the sleeve part 105, the outer peripheral surface of the rear bearing seat 300 is provided with a second annular water groove, and the rear bearing seat cooling water channel 301 is formed through the second annular water groove. The second annular water groove is provided with one or more, and the cooling liquid can flow along the second annular water groove to sufficiently cool the rear bearing 102.
[0036] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 The cylinder body 100 is provided with a stator cooling water jacket 600 between the front bearing seat 200 and the rear bearing seat 300, the stator is arranged on the inner wall surface of the stator cooling water jacket 600, and the outer peripheral surface of the stator cooling water jacket 600 and the cylinder body 100 form a stator cooling water channel 601.
[0037] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a motorized spindle, which comprises the spindle cooling structure in any one of the above embodiments.
[0038] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a machine tool, which comprises the motorized spindle in any one of the above embodiments.
[0039] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "example", "embodiment" or "some embodiments" or the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.
[0040] Of course, the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A main shaft cooling structure characterized by comprising: The main shaft cooling structure comprises a machine body provided with a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat, a front end cover arranged outside the front bearing seat, a front bearing seat cooling water channel arranged in the front bearing seat, a rear bearing seat cooling water channel arranged in the rear bearing seat, a front end cover cooling water channel arranged in the front end cover, and a stator cooling water channel arranged between the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat.
2. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized by, The front bearing seat is arranged in the machine body, and a front bearing outer sleeve is arranged outside the front bearing seat.
3. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 2, characterized by, The outer circumferential surface of the front bearing seat is provided with a plurality of first annular grooves.
4. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized by The first annular grooves are arranged in an axial direction.
5. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized by The groove bottom of the first annular groove is provided with a zigzag groove.
6. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 5, characterized by The front end cover is provided with a shaft hole.
7. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized by The front end cover cooling water channel comprises an inlet arranged on one side of the shaft hole, an outlet arranged on the other side of the shaft hole, and a front end cover water hole connected from the inlet to the outlet around the shaft hole.
8. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized by The front end cover water hole comprises a plurality of straight holes extending along the tangential direction of the shaft hole.
9. An electric spindle, characterized by The rear end of the machine body is provided with a sleeve part.
10. A machine tool, characterized by The rear bearing seat is arranged in the sleeve part. The outer circumferential surface of the rear bearing seat is provided with a second annular groove. The stator cooling water channel is arranged between the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat. The main shaft cooling structure comprises the main shaft cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The electric spindle comprises the electric spindle according to claim 9.