Fish passing channel facility of slope flow guide structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a fish passing channel facility, belongs to the technical field of water conservancy equipment, and particularly relates to a fish passing channel facility with a slope flow guide structure, which is characterized in that a water flow channel and a fish passing channel are formed by arranging a plurality of mutually communicated grooves which are integrally and obliquely distributed along a slope base; the corresponding flow guide plates are embedded in the grooves to form scouring surfaces similar to river channels, when water flows from top to bottom, a transient water storage area is formed in the concave positions of the flow guide plates, overflowing water flows into the next groove, water with the high flow speed enters the outer side channel along the flow distribution plates, water with the low flow speed directly overflows and flows into the inner side channel, and therefore the water flow can flow into the channel. And finally, the concave part of the flow guide plate is drawn, so that the whole water flow condition can simulate natural water to flow to a low position, and an area with a relatively slow flow speed is arranged to ensure that more fish schools can pass through, so that the problem that the water flow of an existing fish passing channel facility is too torrential is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model provides a fish passage facility belongs to water conservancy equipment technical field, especially relates to a fish passage facility of slope diversion structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] A fish passage facility is a man-made hydraulic structure designed to help fish navigate around obstacles created by water conservancy projects, allowing them to move freely between different parts of a river to complete their life cycle migration processes, such as breeding and foraging, while minimizing negative impacts on fish populations and ecosystems.

[0003] In water conservancy projects, fish passage facilities, especially fish ladders, are widely designed and implemented to assist fish in crossing barriers such as dams to facilitate their completion of key life cycle activities such as reproductive migration and foraging migration. Fish ladders simulate natural river flow conditions by providing a series of stepped channels or passages for fish to ascend or descend. The original intention of these facilities is to reduce interference with fish populations and river ecosystems. However, due to the vertical drop between adjacent channels in the fish ladder, the local water flow velocity increases, forming a rapid flow area. This rapid flow poses a challenge to some fish species, as they require sufficient physical strength and swimming ability to overcome these obstacles. As a result, some fish, especially weaker or smaller individuals, may not be able to successfully pass through the fish ladder, resulting in a lower passage rate of the fish passage facility. This situation not only affects the reproductive success rate of fish, but also may have a negative impact on the genetic diversity of fish populations and the overall health of the ecosystem. SUMMARY

[0004] To make up for the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a fish passage facility with a slope diversion structure to solve the problem of excessively turbulent water flow in existing fish passage facilities.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a fish passage facility with a slope diversion structure, comprising a slope base, a plurality of evenly distributed grooves are provided above the slope base, the grooves are staggered and interconnected, a diversion plate is provided in the grooves, and a flow divider plate is provided in the diversion plate.

[0006] Preferably, one side of the diversion plate is provided with an opening, the opening and the other diversion plate are mutually engaged and have a gap.

[0007] Preferably, the size of the opening ranges from 45° to 60°.

[0008] Preferably, the flow divider plate includes a semicircular blocking plate that is concave in the same direction as the corresponding diversion plate, and a reverse protruding limiting plate is integrally connected below the blocking plate.

[0009] Preferably, a gap is left between the limiting plate and the flow guide plate, and the limiting plate and the blocking plate are in an overall "S" shape.

[0010] Preferably, the upper vertex of the flow guide plate is located at a circular position of another adjacent flow guide plate, the upper and lower ends of the groove are both communicated with water inlet and outlet openings, and the water inlet and outlet openings are provided with inclined surfaces.

[0011] The one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0012] The utility model discloses a whole inclined distribution of a plurality of recesses along the inclined base is arranged, the water flow channel and the fish passage are formed, the corresponding flow guide plate is embedded and installed in the recess to form the scouring surface similar to the river channel, when the water flow leaves from top to bottom, the temporary water storage area is formed in the recess of the flow guide plate, the overflow water will flow into the next recess, the water body with greater flow rate will enter the outside channel along the flow distribution plate, the water body with slower flow rate directly overflows and flows into the inside channel, and finally, the water flow is converged into the recess of the flow guide plate, so that the overall water flow condition can simulate the natural water flowing to the lower place, and the region with slower flow rate is arranged to ensure that more fish groups can pass through.

[0013] Other advantages, objects and features of the utility model will be described in the subsequent specification to some extent, and to some extent, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text or can be taught from the practice of the utility model. ACCURATE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the fish passage facility of the slope flow guide structure of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the fish passage facility of the slope flow guide structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a top view of the fish passage facility of the slope flow guide structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a local enlarged view of the fish passage facility of the slope flow guide structure of the utility model.

[0018] As shown in the figure:

[0019] 1, inclined base; 2, recess; 3, flow guide plate; 4, flow distribution plate; 5, opening; 6, blocking plate; 7, limiting plate; 8, water inlet and outlet opening; 9, inclined surface. CONCRETE IMPLEMENTATION

[0020] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described, obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration, and do not represent the only implementation.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0023] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 A fish passage facility of a slope flow guide structure includes a sloping base 1, a plurality of evenly distributed grooves 2 are arranged above the sloping base 1, the grooves 2 are staggered and interconnected, a flow guide plate 3 is arranged in the groove 2, a flow distribution plate 4 is arranged in the center of the groove 2, an opening 5 is arranged on one side of the flow guide plate 3, the opening 5 and another flow guide plate 3 are mutually clamped and have a gap, and the size range of the opening 5 is 45°-60°.

[0024] In the present embodiment, the present application forms a water flow channel and a fish migration channel by arranging the grooves 2. In these grooves 2, the flow guide plates 3 are embedded and installed, these flow guide plates simulate the scouring surface of a natural river channel to guide the water flow and provide a suitable migration environment for fish. When the water flow passes through the flow guide plates 3 from top to bottom, the concave parts of the flow guide plates form instantaneous water storage areas, these water storage areas help to slow down the water flow speed and provide fish with opportunities for rest and adjustment. The overflow of the water storage areas will flow into the next groove 2, while the water body with a relatively high flow rate will be guided to the outside channel through the flow distribution plate 4, and the water body with a relatively slow flow rate will directly overflow and flow into the inside channel. These water bodies with a relatively slow flow rate will eventually flow into the concave parts of the flow guide plates 3 again, forming a cycle.

[0025] The design ensures the continuity and directionality of the water flow by simulating the dynamics of natural water flow, while creating slower flow areas in the recesses of the guide plates 3, which provide more passing opportunities for fish, especially for those that are weaker or smaller in size. Overall, the facility aims to improve the passing rate of fish, reduce interference with fish behavior, and promote natural migration of fish in hydraulic engineering.

[0026] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 The shunt plate 4 is designed as a semicircular blocking plate 6 with the same shape as the recess of the corresponding guide plate 3, and the blocking plate 6 is fixedly connected with a reverse protruding limiting plate 7 below by an integrated structure. There is a proper gap between the limiting plate 7 and the guide plate 3 to ensure smooth flow of water, while the limiting plate 7 and the blocking plate 6 are designed as an "S" shape as a whole, enhancing the stability and guiding effect of the structure.

[0027] In this embodiment, the upper vertex of the guide plate 3 is located at the circular position of the adjacent guide plate 3, forming a continuous water flow guiding system. The upper and lower ends of the groove 2 are provided with water inlet and outlet 8, which are connected with the external water flow through the inclined surface 9, ensuring that the water flow can effectively enter and exit the groove 2, thereby maintaining the dynamic balance of the water flow.

[0028] The design of this structure not only improves the guiding efficiency of the water flow, but also reduces the turbulence of the water flow through reasonable fluid mechanics principles, providing a more friendly migration environment for fish. By setting the limiting plate 7 and the blocking plate 6, the direction and speed of the water flow can be effectively controlled to ensure that fish can pass through the fish passage facility smoothly under different water flow conditions, further improving the passing rate and ecological adaptability of fish. Overall, the design of the fish passage facility aims to create a safe and smooth migration channel for fish, promoting their natural migration in hydraulic engineering.

[0029] In use, first, the fish passage facility of the slope diversion structure is installed in the water conservancy project at the appropriate position, ensures that the slope base 1 is stably placed on the predetermined slope, then a plurality of grooves 2 are evenly distributed above the base 1, the grooves 2 are staggered and interconnected, forming a water flow and fish migration channel; then, the guide plate 3 is embedded and installed in the groove 2, the guide plate 3 is provided with a flow distribution plate 4 arranged in the center of the groove 2, and an opening 5 is arranged on one side of the guide plate 3, so that the opening 5 and the other guide plate 3 are clamped and have a gap, the size of the opening 5 is controlled between 45° to 60°; then, ensure that the flow distribution plate 4 is designed as a semicircular blocking plate 6 with the same shape as the recess of the corresponding guide plate 3, the blocking plate 6 is integrally fixedly connected with a reverse protruding limiting plate 7 below, the limiting plate 7 and the guide plate 3 have a proper gap, the limiting plate 7 and the blocking plate 6 are integrally designed as an "S" shape to enhance the stability and diversion effect of the structure; then, the upper vertex of the guide plate 3 is adjusted to the circular position of the adjacent guide plate 3, forming a continuous water flow guiding system; finally, the water inlet and outlet 8 is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the groove 2, and is connected with the external water flow through the slope 9, so as to ensure that the water flow can effectively enter and discharge the groove 2, and maintain the dynamic balance of the water flow. Through the above steps, the device can simulate the dynamic of natural water flow, ensure the continuity and directionality of the water flow, at the same time, create a slow flow area in the recess of the guide plate 3, provide more passing opportunities for fish, especially for those weak or small fish, thereby improving the passing rate of fish, reducing the interference to fish behavior, and promoting the natural migration of fish in the water conservancy project.

[0030] Although the utility model has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the utility model, and anyone skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, therefore the protection scope of the utility model should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A fish passage facility for a ramped passage structure, comprising a ramped base (1), characterised in that: The upper side of the inclined base (1) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed grooves (2), the grooves (2) are staggered and interconnected, the groove (2) is provided with a guide plate (3), the guide plate (3) is provided with a shunt plate (4) placed in the center of the groove (2).

2. A fish pass facility of the kind specified in claim 1, characterised in that: The guide plate (3) is provided with an opening (5) on one side, the opening (5) and the other guide plate (3) are mutually engaged and have a gap.

3. A fish pass facility of the kind specified in claim 2, characterised in that: The size range of the opening (5) is 45°-60°.

4. A fish passage facility of the kind specified in claim 1, characterised in that: The shunt plate (4) includes a semicircular blocking plate (6) which is concave to the corresponding guide plate (3), and the blocking plate (6) is integrally fixed below the reverse protruding limiting plate (7).

5. A fish pass facility of the kind specified in claim 4, characterised in that: The limiting plate (7) and the guide plate (3) have a gap, and the limiting plate (7) and the blocking plate (6) are in "S" shape as a whole.

6. A fish passage facility of the kind specified in claim 1, characterised in that: The upper vertex of the guide plate (3) is located at the circular position of the other adjacent guide plate (3), the upper and lower ends of the groove (2) are both connected with water inlet and outlet (8), and the water inlet and outlet (8) is provided with an inclined surface (9).

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