Speed reducer ventilation labyrinth structure capable of balancing liquid level height
By using a multi-layered labyrinth structure and guide groove design, the problem of lubricating oil blockage at high speeds in the reducer is solved, achieving stable discharge of lubricating oil and ensuring the normal operation of the reducer and the reliability of the seals.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520087957.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing reducers are prone to clogging of the ventilation labyrinth structure by lubricating oil at high speeds, leading to exhaust failure, increased fluid level, seal failure, and the risk of oil spraying.
A multi-layered labyrinth structure is designed, comprising the first to fifth labyrinth layers. By setting guide grooves and blocking grooves, the ventilation path is extended, and a pressure difference is formed within the labyrinth to ensure smooth discharge of lubricating oil.
Maintaining a clear exhaust path at high speeds avoids seal failure and the risk of oil injection, ensures stable fluid level, and extends the life of the reducer.
Smart Images
Figure CN223536893U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of speed reducer technology, and in particular relates to a speed reducer ventilated labyrinth structure that can balance the liquid level height. Background Technology
[0002] During vehicle operation, the continuous rotation of the gears inside the main reducer causes the temperature and air pressure to rise. To ensure that the internal pressure is maintained at a certain level, relieve pressure on the seals, and prevent oil leakage, a venting structure is usually added to the main reducer to release the expanding gas. However, after the venting structure is installed, the gear oil splashes as the internal gears rotate and can easily be discharged from the main reducer along with the high-pressure gas through the vent valve, causing oil leakage in the vehicle. This affects the driving experience, and prolonged oil leakage can also lead to poor bearing lubrication, resulting in bearing burnout and shortening the lifespan of the main reducer.
[0003] As attached Figure 4 As shown, the current reducer's internal ventilation labyrinth structure employs a two-stage pressure-reducing chamber, comprising a first labyrinth and a second labyrinth, with an exhaust inlet located below the second labyrinth. Figure 5 As shown, the blue arrow represents the gear rotation direction in the same direction as the vehicle's forward movement, and the yellow arrow represents the flow direction (stirring direction) of the lubricating oil in the reducer after the gears rotate. (See attached image) Figure 6 The lubrication status near the breather labyrinth was captured when the reducer input speed was 8000 rpm. Combined with the oil churning direction, it can be seen that a large amount of lubricating oil is flowing into the exhaust inlet directly opposite the output speed. Dynamic lubrication analysis results indicate that the reducer's ventilation function is normal at low speeds, but when reaching 8000 rpm or even higher speeds, the exhaust inlet becomes clogged with lubricating oil within a few seconds. At this point, the reducer loses its normal exhaust function, and the amount of oil entering the second labyrinth continues to accumulate. The oil can only enter but not exit, causing the oil level to rise continuously. If this continues, there is a risk of seal failure of the breather and oil seals, and oil spraying. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a venting labyrinth structure for a reducer that can balance the liquid level. Even if the reducer has a higher speed or more lubricating oil, the exhaust path will always be unobstructed, and the seals will not fail due to the increase in air pressure inside the gearbox. There will also be no risk of oil spraying from the vent plug.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a reducer ventilation labyrinth structure capable of balancing liquid level height, comprising a first labyrinth, a second labyrinth, a third labyrinth, a fourth labyrinth, and a fifth labyrinth. The first and second labyrinths are located on the side closer to the outer periphery of the reducer housing, and the highest point of the second labyrinth is lower than the highest point of the first labyrinth. A first guide groove is provided on the partition beam shared between the first and second labyrinths. The third labyrinth is located on the side of the second labyrinth away from the outer periphery of the reducer housing, and the highest point of the third labyrinth is lower than the highest point of the second labyrinth. An exhaust inlet A is provided between the third and second labyrinths. The fourth labyrinth is located on the side of the third labyrinth away from the outer periphery of the reducer housing. The maze is located on the side of the fourth maze away from the second maze, and the highest point of the fourth maze is lower than the highest point of the third maze; a second guide groove is provided on the partition beam shared by the fourth and third mazes; an exhaust inlet B is provided in the fourth maze away from the impact direction of the lubricating oil; the fifth maze is located on the side of the fourth maze away from the third maze, and the highest point of the fifth maze is lower than the highest point of the fourth maze; a third guide groove is provided on the partition beam shared by the fifth and fourth mazes; a lubricating oil outlet C is provided in the fifth maze away from the impact direction of the lubricating oil; the height of the exhaust inlet B is greater than the height of the lubricating oil outlet C, and the height of the lubricating oil outlet C is greater than the height of the third guide groove.
[0006] Furthermore, the cross-sectional opening of the lubricating oil outlet C is larger than the cross-sectional opening of the exhaust inlet B.
[0007] Furthermore, a barrier groove is formed between the first layer maze, the third layer maze, and the fourth layer maze.
[0008] The working principle and beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: The ventilation path needs to pass through the fourth, third, second, and first labyrinths in sequence, which extends the ventilation path. Simultaneously, in this structure, the ventilation inlet is the exhaust inlet B, avoiding the direct impact direction of the lubricating oil. At the same speed of 8000 rpm, only a small amount of lubricating oil enters through the exhaust inlet B, and the exhaust inlet B is not completely blocked by lubricating oil, meaning the exhaust path of the reducer is always unobstructed. Furthermore, a third guide channel connects the fourth and fifth labyrinths, allowing the oil entering from the exhaust inlet B to flow into the fifth labyrinth through the third guide channel. The fifth labyrinth also has a lubricating oil outlet C. The lubricating oil outlet C is lower than the exhaust inlet B, but higher than the third guide channel, naturally creating a pressure difference: pressure at the third guide channel > pressure at lubricating oil outlet C > pressure at exhaust inlet B. This results in the oil entering the fourth labyrinth from the exhaust inlet B continuously flowing into the fifth labyrinth and then continuously flowing out from the lubricating oil outlet C. Furthermore, the opening of the lubricating oil outlet C is larger than the opening of the exhaust inlet B, and the outflow velocity is greater than the inflow velocity through the exhaust inlet B. Therefore, the amount of oil entering the labyrinth can always be maintained within a relatively fixed range, and the liquid level will not continuously rise. With this structure, even if the reducer has a higher speed or more lubricating oil, the exhaust path will always be unobstructed, so there will be no failure of the seals due to increased air pressure inside the gearbox, and there will be no risk of oil spraying from the vent plug. Attached Figure Description
[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilated labyrinth structure of a reducer that can balance liquid level height according to this utility model.
[0010] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of lubricating oil flow direction in a centrally ventilated labyrinth structure;
[0011] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Lubrication effect of the central ventilation labyrinth structure at 8000 rpm;
[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation labyrinth structure of the reducer in the background art;
[0013] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of lubricating oil flow direction in a centrally ventilated labyrinth structure;
[0014] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The lubrication effect of the central ventilation labyrinth structure at a speed of 8000 rpm. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:
[0016] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: reducer housing 1, first labyrinth 2, second labyrinth 3, third labyrinth 4, fourth labyrinth 5, fifth labyrinth 6, first conductive groove 7, second conductive groove 8, third conductive groove 9, and blocking groove 10.
[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0018] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1-3 The diagram shows a venting labyrinth structure for a reducer capable of balancing liquid level height. It includes a first labyrinth 2, a second labyrinth 3, a third labyrinth 4, a fourth labyrinth 5, and a fifth labyrinth 6. The first and second labyrinths 2 and 3 are located near the outer periphery of the reducer housing 1, and the highest point of the second labyrinth 3 is lower than the highest point of the first labyrinth 2. A first guide groove 7 is provided on the partition beam shared between the first and second labyrinths 2 and 3. The third labyrinth 4 is located on the side of the second labyrinth 3 away from the outer periphery of the reducer housing 1, and the highest point of the third labyrinth 4 is lower than the highest point of the second labyrinth 3. An exhaust inlet A is provided between the third labyrinth 4 and the second labyrinth 3. The fourth labyrinth 5 is located on the side of the third labyrinth 4 away from the second labyrinth 3, and the highest point of the fourth labyrinth 5 is lower than the highest point of the third labyrinth 4. A second guide groove 8 is provided on the partition beam shared between the fourth labyrinth 5 and the third labyrinth 4. The fourth layer of maze 5 has an exhaust inlet B located away from the impact direction of the lubricating oil. The fifth layer of maze 6 is located on the side of the fourth layer of maze 5 away from the third layer of maze 4, and the highest point of the fifth layer of maze 6 is lower than the highest point of the fourth layer of maze 5. A third guide groove 9 is provided on the partition beam shared between the fifth layer of maze 6 and the fourth layer of maze 5. The fifth layer of maze 6 has a lubricating oil outlet C located away from the impact direction of the lubricating oil. The height of the exhaust inlet B is greater than the height of the lubricating oil outlet C, and the height of the lubricating oil outlet C is greater than the height of the third guide groove 9. The cross-sectional opening of the lubricating oil outlet C is greater than the cross-sectional opening of the exhaust inlet B. A blocking groove 10 is formed between the first layer of maze 2, the third layer of maze 4, and the fourth layer of maze 5.
[0019] The specific implementation process is as follows:
[0020] The ventilation path passes through the fourth labyrinth 5, the third labyrinth 4, the second labyrinth 3, and the first labyrinth 2 in sequence, resulting in a slightly extended ventilation path. In this structure, the ventilation inlet is the exhaust inlet B, avoiding direct impact from the lubricating oil. At the same speed of 8000 rpm, only a small amount of lubricating oil enters through the exhaust inlet B, and the exhaust inlet B is not completely blocked by lubricating oil, meaning the exhaust path of the reducer remains unobstructed. Furthermore, a third guide groove 9 connects the fourth labyrinth 5 and the fifth labyrinth 6, allowing the oil entering from the exhaust inlet B to flow into the fifth labyrinth 6 through the third guide groove 9. The fifth labyrinth 6 also has a lubricating oil outlet C. The lubricating oil outlet C is located lower than the exhaust inlet B, but higher than the third guide groove 9. This creates a pressure difference: pressure at the third guide groove 9 > pressure at lubricating oil outlet C > pressure at exhaust inlet B. This causes oil entering the fourth labyrinth 5 from exhaust inlet B to continuously flow into the fifth labyrinth 6, and then continuously flow out from lubricating oil outlet C. Furthermore, the cross-sectional opening of lubricating oil outlet C is larger than that of exhaust inlet B, and the outflow velocity is greater than the inflow velocity. Therefore, the amount of oil entering the labyrinth remains relatively constant, and the liquid level does not continuously rise. With this structure, even if the reducer has higher speeds or more lubricating oil, the exhaust path remains unobstructed, preventing seal failure due to increased internal pressure and eliminating the risk of oil spraying from the vent plug.
[0021] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0022] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are knowledgeable of all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Therefore, those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A ventilated labyrinth structure for a reducer capable of balancing liquid level height, characterized in that: The system includes a first-level maze (2), a second-level maze (3), a third-level maze (4), a fourth-level maze (5), and a fifth-level maze (6). The first-level maze (2) and the second-level maze (3) are located on the side closer to the outer periphery of the reducer housing (1), and the highest point of the second-level maze (3) is lower than the highest point of the first-level maze (2). A first guide groove (7) is provided on the partition beam shared between the first-level maze (2) and the second-level maze (3). The third-level maze (4) is located on the side of the second-level maze (3) away from the outer periphery of the reducer housing (1), and the highest point of the third-level maze (4) is lower than the highest point of the second-level maze (3). An exhaust inlet A is provided between the third-level maze (4) and the second-level maze (3). The fourth-level maze (5) is located on the side of the third-level maze (4) away from the second-level maze (3). On one side, the highest point of the fourth layer maze (5) is lower than the highest point of the third layer maze (4); a second guide groove (8) is provided on the partition beam shared between the fourth layer maze (5) and the third layer maze (4); an exhaust inlet B is provided on the fourth layer maze (5) away from the impact direction of the lubricating oil; the fifth layer maze (6) is located on the side of the fourth layer maze (5) away from the third layer maze (4), and the highest point of the fifth layer maze (6) is lower than the highest point of the fourth layer maze (5); a third guide groove (9) is provided on the partition beam shared between the fifth layer maze (6) and the fourth layer maze (5); a lubricating oil outlet C is provided on the fifth layer maze (6) away from the impact direction of the lubricating oil; the height of the exhaust inlet B is greater than the height of the lubricating oil outlet C, and the height of the lubricating oil outlet C is greater than the height of the third guide groove (9).
2. The reducer ventilated labyrinth structure for balancing liquid level height according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the cross-section of the lubricating oil outlet C is greater than the opening of the cross-section of the exhaust inlet B.
3. The reducer ventilated labyrinth structure for balancing liquid level height according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blocking groove (10) is formed between the first layer maze (2), the third layer maze (4) and the fourth layer maze (5).