Energy storage battery with safe over-high temperature management module

Abstract

The utility model discloses an energy storage battery with a safe over-high temperature management module, which can monitor the temperature of battery cells of the energy storage battery in real time, two NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistors are used for each path of temperature acquisition, on one hand, the temperature of the battery cells can be independently detected, and the temperature of each battery cell can be correspondingly monitored; in the aspect of the structure, the base is provided with the temperature sensor positioning grooves and the wire grooves, and the temperature sensor positioning grooves and the wire grooves are in one-to-one correspondence and are communicated with each other, so that the NTC thermistors serving as temperature sensors can be conveniently mounted and placed; according to the installation mode, the NTC thermistor cannot fall off or shift, and the stability of temperature detection is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lithium battery management technology for energy storage, specifically an energy storage battery with a safe over-temperature management module. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for new energy sources and growing environmental awareness, lithium batteries are being used more widely in energy storage. This has led to increasingly higher requirements for battery technology and monitoring. Monitoring lithium battery temperature is a key function of the Battery Management System (BMS), crucial for ensuring battery safety, performance, and lifespan. Lithium batteries are prone to thermal runaway when overheated, potentially leading to fire or explosion. Monitoring battery temperature allows for timely identification of overheating situations and the implementation of appropriate cooling measures or power-off operations to prevent accidents. Short circuits or overcharging can cause a rapid rise in internal battery temperature; temperature monitoring helps in the timely detection of these potential problems and the implementation of countermeasures. Furthermore, lithium battery performance degrades significantly under extreme temperatures. Temperature monitoring allows for measures to protect the battery, ensuring its continued normal operation even in extreme environments.

[0003] However, since most existing lithium batteries lack built-in temperature monitoring and protection functions, this increases the risks during battery use and significantly impacts battery life. While some existing technologies offer protection during charging and discharging, they require additional circuitry to output feedback signals and control the battery's operating state, leading to complex protection circuit designs. Some energy storage batteries incorporate temperature sensors, but these sensors are directly bonded to the battery cells, resulting in poor stability. Furthermore, each battery cell corresponds to a single temperature sensor; if the sensor fails, the temperature of that cell cannot be detected, posing a safety hazard. Therefore, an improved technology is urgently needed to address these issues in existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an energy storage battery with a safe over-temperature management module to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an energy storage battery with a safe over-temperature management module, comprising a base, a top cover, battery cells, and a temperature sampling mechanism. The upper surface of the base is provided with several battery cell positioning slots and several module positioning slots. The base also has two temperature sensor positioning slots and a wire groove at each battery cell positioning slot. The temperature sensor positioning slots and the wire grooves correspond one-to-one and are interconnected. One end of the wire groove extends away from the corresponding temperature sensor positioning slot to the outer end of the corresponding battery cell positioning slot. The bottom of the top cover is provided with an outward folded edge, which is connected to the base by bolts. The top cover is disposed on the upper surface of the base. Several positioning partitions are disposed inside the top cover. The positioning partitions correspond to the portions between two adjacent battery cell positioning slots. There are several battery cells. The bottom of each battery cell is disposed within a battery cell positioning slot, and the top of each battery cell is limited by the positioning partitions.

[0006] The temperature sampling mechanism consists of a safe over-temperature management module and multiple NTC thermistors. The safe over-temperature management module is set in the corresponding module positioning slot, and the NTC thermistors are set in the corresponding temperature sensor positioning slot. The connecting wires of the NTC thermistors are set in the wire slot and connected to the safe over-temperature management module.

[0007] Preferably, the present invention provides an energy storage battery with a safe over-temperature management module, wherein the safe over-temperature management module includes a temperature sampling circuit, an over-temperature alarm output circuit, a power supply circuit, and a communication circuit. The over-temperature alarm output circuit uses a transistor output optocoupler and a signal relay to control the over-temperature alarm output signal to be output to the upper-level controller via a CAN bus. The communication circuit uses a CAN transceiver and a digital isolator to communicate with the upper-level controller via a CAN bus. The temperature sampling circuit corresponds one-to-one with an NTC thermistor, and the temperature sampling point on the temperature sampling circuit reads the resistance value of the NTC thermistor on this line. The power supply circuit is connected to the BMS.

[0008] Preferably, the present invention provides an energy storage battery with a safe over-temperature management module, wherein the NTC thermistor is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor of 10K±1%B:3435.

[0009] Preferably, the present invention provides an energy storage battery with a safe over-temperature management module, wherein a BMS is also provided in the module positioning slot corresponding to the base, and the battery cell is connected to the BMS via a connecting wire.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0011] It can monitor the temperature of energy storage battery cells in real time. Each temperature acquisition channel uses two NTC thermistors. One is to detect the temperature of each cell individually, so that the temperature of each cell can be monitored. The other is to serve as a backup to avoid the inability to detect the temperature of the corresponding cell if one NTC thermistor is damaged. Structurally, the base has temperature sensor positioning slots and wire slots. The temperature sensor positioning slots and wire slots correspond one-to-one and are interconnected, so as to facilitate the installation and placement of the NTC thermistors as temperature sensors. This installation method will not cause the NTC thermistors to fall off or shift, ensuring the stability of temperature detection. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a top view of the base structure.

[0014] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the overheat safety management module;

[0015] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the first embodiment of the safe over-temperature management module;

[0016] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the second embodiment of the safe over-temperature management module;

[0017] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the third embodiment of the overheat safety management module.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Top cover; 3. Battery cell; 4. Battery cell positioning slot; 5. Module positioning slot; 6. Temperature sensor positioning slot; 7. Wire groove; 8. Outer fold; 9. Positioning partition; 10. Safety over-temperature management module; 11. NTC thermistor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0020] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "both sides", "one end", "the other end", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0021] Please see Figure 1-2 This utility model provides a technical solution: an energy storage battery with a safe over-temperature management module, including a base 1, a top cover 2, battery cells 3 and a temperature sampling mechanism. The upper surface of the base 1 is provided with a plurality of battery cell positioning slots 4 and a plurality of module positioning slots 5. The base 1 is also provided with two temperature sensor positioning slots 6 and wire grooves 7 at each battery cell positioning slot 4. The temperature sensor positioning slots 6 and wire grooves 7 correspond one-to-one and are interconnected. The end of the wire groove 7 away from the corresponding temperature sensor positioning slot 6 extends to the outer end of the corresponding battery cell positioning slot 4. The bottom of the top cover 2 is provided with an outer folded edge 8, which is connected to the base 1 by bolts. The top cover 2 is provided on the upper surface of the base 1. The interior of the top cover 2 is provided with a plurality of positioning partitions 9, which correspond to the portions between two adjacent battery cell positioning slots 4. There are a plurality of battery cells 3. The bottom of the battery cell 3 is set in the battery cell positioning slot 4, and the top of the battery cell 3 is limited by the positioning partitions 9. The module positioning slots 5 of the base 1 are also provided with a BMS, and the battery cell 3 is connected to the BMS by a connecting wire.

[0022] The temperature sampling mechanism consists of a safe over-temperature management module 10 and multiple NTC thermistors 11. The safe over-temperature management module 10 is set in the corresponding module positioning slot 5, and the NTC thermistors 11 are set in the corresponding temperature sensor positioning slot 6. The connecting wires of the NTC thermistors 11 are set in the wire groove 7 and connected to the safe over-temperature management module 10. The NTC thermistors 11 are negative temperature coefficient thermistors of 10K±1%B:3435.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, the over-temperature safety management module 10 includes a temperature sampling circuit, an over-temperature alarm output circuit, a power supply circuit, and a communication circuit. The over-temperature alarm output circuit uses a transistor output optocoupler and a signal relay to control the over-temperature alarm output signal to be output to the upper-level controller via a CAN bus. The communication circuit uses a CAN transceiver and a digital isolator to communicate with the upper-level controller via the CAN bus. The temperature sampling circuit corresponds one-to-one with the NTC thermistor 11. The temperature sampling point on the temperature sampling circuit reads the resistance value of the NTC thermistor 11 on this line. The power supply circuit is connected to the BMS.

[0024] Installation method and operating principle: First, place the NTC thermistor 11 in the corresponding temperature sensor positioning slot 6, and place the connecting wire of the NTC thermistor 11 in the corresponding wire slot 7. Next, place the bottom of the battery cell 3 into the respective battery cell positioning slots 4 of the base 1, and place the safety over-temperature management module 10 into the corresponding module positioning slot 5 of the base 1. At the same time, connect the connecting wire of the NTC thermistor 11 to the safety over-temperature management module 10. Connect the battery cell 3 to the BMS through the connecting wire, and connect the safety over-temperature management module 10 to the BMS through the connecting wire. Install the BMS in the corresponding module positioning slot 5 of the base 1. Finally, use the positioning partition 9 in the upper cover 2 to limit the battery cell 3, the safety over-temperature management module 10 and the BMS respectively, and connect the bottom of the upper cover 2 to the base 1 through the outer fold 8 and bolts and nuts. The BMS is also connected to the interface on the back of the upper cover 2 one by one, completing the installation.

[0025] Example 1, as Figure 4 As shown, the temperature sampling circuit includes multiple temperature sampling lines. Each temperature sampling line is connected to the sampled energy storage battery, and a thermistor is connected in series on each temperature sampling line. Every two thermistors correspond to one sampled battery cell. The MCU (microcontroller unit) is programmed with algorithm software. The temperature sampling point on each temperature sampling line reads the resistance value of the thermistor on that line and uploads it to the MCU. The MCU calculates the temperature value and obtains the temperature on the temperature sampling line. At the same time, the temperature value can be uploaded to the upper-level controller via CAN bus communication. The upper-level controller can receive the temperature data and make corresponding judgments and operations. Figure 4 The system also includes a voltage divider circuit, filter capacitors, an analog multiplexer, and an operational amplifier. The voltage divider circuit consists of two voltage divider resistors, such as R53 and R63, R254 and R264, and R12 and R15. Based on the series voltage divider principle, the voltage output from the voltage divider circuit provides the real-time temperature of each battery cell. A thermistor is connected to the voltage divider circuit; its resistance decreases as temperature increases. The real-time temperature of the corresponding sampled battery cell can be obtained from the voltage value of the NTC thermistor. The output of the voltage divider branch connects to the independent input / output ports of the multi-channel analog switch module. The filter capacitors, including C236, R237, and R10, connect between the output of the voltage divider branch and the ground terminal. The analog multiplexer uses a CD4051BPWR; ports Y0-Y7 can be connected to the output of a temperature acquisition module. Figure 4In this circuit, each voltage divider branch consists of two voltage divider resistors, and the voltage divider connection point is also the temperature acquisition point. Resistors R253 and R263, and capacitor C236 form a temperature sampling line, which is connected to the Y1 port of chip U200 and the temperature sampling line, respectively. The temperature sampling line is connected to the energy storage battery cell to detect the cell temperature. The CD4051BPWR has PTD2, PTD7, and PTD6 ports. Chip selection can be performed through the signal combination of PTD2, PTD7, and PTD6 ports to select one of the temperature acquisition lines to connect. The signal amplifier is an LMV324IDR, which forms a voltage follower with resistor R272 and capacitor C261. The theoretical formula corresponding to the sampling temperature and resistance is: Rt=R×exp(B×(1 / T1-1 / T2)), where Rt is the resistance of the thermistor at temperature T1, R is the nominal resistance of the thermistor at room temperature T2, B is an important parameter of the thermistor, and exp represents e to the power of n. This formula is used to calculate the resistance of an NTC thermistor at different temperatures. T1 and T2 refer to Kelvin temperatures, where K = 273.15 (absolute temperature) + Celsius. At room temperature, for example, 25°C, T2 = (273.15 + 25). This formula provides a method for calculating the corresponding temperature from a known resistance value, or vice versa. The thermistor used is a 10K ± 1% B:3435 negative temperature coefficient thermistor.

[0026] Example 2, as Figure 5As shown, the over-temperature alarm output circuit includes a transistor output optocoupler. When an electrical signal is applied to the input terminal, the emitter emits light, which shines on the receiver. After receiving the light, the receiver conducts, generating a photocurrent that is output from the output terminal. A field-effect transistor is added after the transistor output optocoupler to improve the circuit's performance and stability. A switching diode is added to protect the circuit and prevent reverse voltage. Finally, the electrical signal is input to the signal relay, which generates a magnetic field through an electromagnet, causing the switch contacts to change state, thus realizing the signal conversion process. Specifically, when the electromagnet is energized, it generates a magnetic field that attracts the armature, causing it to make contact and thus closing the circuit. When the electromagnet is de-energized, it loses its magnetism, and the armature is pulled up by the spring, cutting off the working circuit. In this embodiment, the over-temperature alarm output circuit, composed of a transistor output optocoupler, a field-effect transistor, a switching diode, and a signal relay, controls the output of the alarm signal to the upper-level controller. The upper-level controller then controls the external fire extinguishing and cooling system. When the temperature collected by the temperature acquisition circuit is detected as over-temperature, an alarm signal can be effectively output and external fire extinguishing and cooling measures can be taken. The over-temperature alarm output circuit includes a transistor output optocoupler IC301, a field-effect transistor Q301, a switching diode D301, a signal relay K301, resistors R300, R306, R309, R313, R308, and capacitor C301. Among them, the transistor output optocoupler IC301 is model IS281GB, the field-effect transistor Q301 is model BSS138, the switching diode D301 is model MMSD4148T, and the signal relay K301 is model AGQ200A12. The transistor output optocoupler IC301 has pins 1 and 2 as input terminals and pins 3 and 4 as output terminals. In this embodiment, when a power signal is applied to the input terminal, that is, pin 1 is at a 5V high level. When the temperature collected by the temperature sampling circuit exceeds the set alarm temperature, the ERROR-OUT pin of the MCU (microcontroller unit) is input at a low level, the internal light emitter of the transistor output optocoupler is turned on, and light shines on the photodetector. After the photodetector receives the light, it is turned on and generates photocurrent, which is output from the output terminal, that is, the photocurrent is output from pins 3 and 4. Pin 3 of the transistor output optocoupler IC301 is connected to pin 2 of the field-effect transistor Q301. The field-effect transistor amplifies the signal and performs impedance matching. After the field-effect transistor, a switching diode D301 is connected. The switching diode has unidirectional conductivity, conducting under forward bias and cutting off under reverse bias, thereby realizing the conduction and blocking of current, i.e., controlling the opening and closing of the circuit, and also protecting the over-temperature alarm circuit. Pin 3 of the field-effect transistor is connected to pin 8 of the signal relay K301. Pin 8 of the signal relay K301 is connected to the power supply. When the current in the control circuit passes through the relay coil (i.e., pins 1 and 8 of the signal relay K301), a magnetic field is generated, and the iron core is attracted, thereby closing or opening the contacts, completing the circuit's on / off control.Specifically, the connection between pins 2 and 3 and between pins 6 and 7 of signal relay K301 is open. When current flows through the relay coil in the control circuit, a magnetic field is generated, attracting the iron core. This closes the connection between pins 3 and 4 and between pins 5 and 6. After the contacts close, signal relay K301 outputs an alarm signal to the upper-level controller, which then processes, judges, and operates external devices. For mass production, the over-temperature alarm output circuit of the energy storage battery with the over-temperature safety management module needs to be tested before use. Since simulating actual over-temperature temperatures is difficult, a feedback detection circuit is added.

[0027] Example 3, as Figure 6 As shown, the feedback detection circuit includes a transistor output optocoupler. When a power signal is applied to the input terminal, the emitter emits light, which shines on the receiver. After receiving the light, the receiver conducts, generating a photocurrent that is output from the output terminal. Specifically, the feedback detection circuit includes a transistor output optocoupler IC200, resistors R233, R242, and R232; pins 1 and 2 of the transistor output optocoupler IC300 are the input terminals, and pins 3 and 4 are the output terminals. In this embodiment, when a power signal is applied to the input terminal, i.e., pin 1 is at a 5V high level, when detect1 and detect2 are closed (short-circuited by external leads), the internal emitter of the transistor output optocoupler conducts, emitting light that shines on the receiver. After receiving the light, the receiver conducts, generating a photocurrent that is output from the output terminal, i.e., pins 3 and 4 output the photocurrent. The DETECT-OUT signal is output to the MCU (microcontroller unit). The MCU's ERROR-OUT pin outputs a low level to the over-temperature alarm output circuit, which is as follows. Figure 5 As described in the embodiment, an Alarm signal is ultimately output. The feedback detection circuit allows for a simple and convenient test of the single-board over-temperature alarm function.

[0028] In summary, this invention enables real-time monitoring of the temperature of energy storage battery cells. Each temperature acquisition channel utilizes two NTC thermistors: firstly, each cell's temperature can be individually monitored, ensuring each cell's temperature is monitored accordingly; secondly, one thermistor serves as a backup to prevent the inability to monitor the corresponding cell if one NTC thermistor fails. Structurally, the base features temperature sensor positioning slots and wiring slots. These slots correspond one-to-one and are interconnected, facilitating the installation and placement of the NTC thermistors. This installation method prevents the NTC thermistors from detaching or shifting, ensuring the stability of temperature detection.

[0029] Any aspects of this utility model not described in detail are well-known technologies to those skilled in the art.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications and equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. An energy storage battery with a safe over-temperature management module, characterized in that: The device includes a base (1), a top cover (2), a battery cell (3), and a temperature sampling mechanism. The upper surface of the base (1) has several battery cell positioning slots (4) and several module positioning slots (5). The base (1) also has two temperature sensor positioning slots (6) and a wire groove (7) at each battery cell positioning slot (4). The temperature sensor positioning slots (6) and the wire grooves (7) correspond one-to-one and are interconnected. The end of the wire groove (7) away from the corresponding temperature sensor positioning slot (6) extends to the corresponding battery cell positioning slot (4). At the outer end, the bottom of the upper cover (2) is provided with an outer folded edge (8), which is connected to the base (1) by bolts. The upper cover (2) is provided on the upper surface of the base (1). The upper cover (2) is provided with a number of positioning partitions (9). The positioning partitions (9) correspond to the parts between two adjacent battery cell positioning slots (4). There are a number of battery cells (3). The bottom of the battery cell (3) is located in the battery cell positioning slot (4). The top of the battery cell (3) is limited by the positioning partitions (9). The temperature sampling mechanism consists of a safe over-temperature management module (10) and multiple NTC thermistors (11). The safe over-temperature management module (10) is located in the corresponding module positioning slot (5), and the NTC thermistors (11) are located in the corresponding temperature sensor positioning slot (6). The connecting wires of the NTC thermistors (11) are located in the wire groove (7) and connected to the safe over-temperature management module (10).

2. The energy storage battery with a safe over-temperature management module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety over-temperature management module (10) includes a temperature sampling circuit, an over-temperature alarm output circuit, a power supply circuit, and a communication circuit. The over-temperature alarm output circuit uses a transistor output optocoupler and a signal relay to control the over-temperature alarm output signal to be output to the upper-level controller via a CAN bus. The communication circuit uses a CAN transceiver and a digital isolator to communicate with the upper-level controller via a CAN bus. The temperature sampling circuit corresponds one-to-one with an NTC thermistor (11). The temperature sampling point on the temperature sampling circuit reads the resistance value of the NTC thermistor (11) on this line. The power supply circuit is connected to the BMS.

3. The energy storage battery with a safe over-temperature management module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The NTC thermistor (11) is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor with a coefficient of 10K ± 1% B: 3435.

4. The energy storage battery with a safe over-temperature management module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A BMS is also provided in the module positioning slot (5) corresponding to the base (1), and the battery cell (3) is connected to the BMS through a connecting line.

Images