Hybrid excitation brushless motor
By mounting permanent magnets on the rotor yoke in a hybrid excitation brushless motor and using an alternating magnetic pole structure and a magnetic guide ring for limiting, the problems of inconvenient installation of permanent magnets and uneven magnetic field are solved, thereby improving the stability and control accuracy of the motor.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422057731.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-23
AI Technical Summary
In existing hybrid excitation brushless motors, the permanent magnets are cumbersome to install and operate, easily damaged, and have uneven magnetic fields, which leads to increased torque fluctuations and output voltage ripple, and reduced control accuracy.
Design a hybrid excitation brushless motor, in which permanent magnets are mounted on the rotor yoke, and the first and second rotor magnetic poles are fixedly connected by non-magnetic materials to form staggered magnetic pole claws and pole palms. The permanent magnets are ring-shaped and the magnetic ring is used for limiting the position, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the magnetic field.
It improves the performance stability and control precision of the motor, avoids damage to the permanent magnet, achieves a uniform excitation magnetic field, reduces torque fluctuation and output ripple, and enhances the overall performance of the motor.
Smart Images
Figure CN223540433U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to a hybrid excitation brushless motor. Background Technology
[0002] Electrically excited motors and permanent magnet motors are two commonly used types of motors, each with its own advantages and disadvantages under different excitation methods. To achieve the effect of combining the strengths and compensating for the weaknesses and improve motor performance, hybrid excitation motors that integrate electrical excitation and permanent magnets have gradually been developed. As a type of hybrid excitation motor, the hybrid excitation brushless motor has diverse and varied structures, but most of them install permanent magnets on the claw poles of the electrically excited unit, so that the electrical excitation magnetic source and the permanent magnet magnetic source are mixed to form a mixed excitation magnetic field. This type of hybrid excitation brushless motor, regardless of whether the permanent magnet ring is embedded on the outer wall of the claw pole, the permanent magnet block is embedded in the gap of the claw pole ring wall, or the permanent magnet is installed on one side of the inner wall of the claw pole, all have some problems to varying degrees. For example, the embedding and installation operation is cumbersome and inefficient; the permanent magnet ring installed on the outer wall of the claw pole is easy to come into contact with foreign objects and cause mechanical damage; the installation of permanent magnets on one side of the claw pole is prone to uneven magnetic properties, which in turn leads to uneven excitation magnetic field, increased torque fluctuation, increased generator output voltage ripple, worse linearity, and reduced accuracy of motor control indicators; the permanent magnet installed on the claw pole rotates with the claw pole, resulting in poor stability. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this utility model is: a hybrid excitation brushless motor, including a stator and a rotor coaxially mounted in the stator, wherein the rotor includes a fixed unit and a rotating unit;
[0004] The fixing unit includes a rotor yoke, a rotor winding wound on the rotor yoke, and a permanent magnet fixedly mounted on the rotor yoke;
[0005] The rotating unit includes a first rotor magnetic pole and a second rotor magnetic pole fixedly connected by a non-magnetic body; the first rotor magnetic pole includes a first magnetic pole palm coaxial with the rotor magnetic yoke, and the second rotor magnetic pole includes a second magnetic pole palm coaxial with the rotor magnetic yoke. The first magnetic pole palm and the second magnetic pole palm are located at both ends of the rotor magnetic yoke and are adjacent to the rotor magnetic yoke; the edge of the first magnetic pole palm extends axially toward the end of the second magnetic pole palm with several first magnetic pole claws, and the edge of the second magnetic pole palm extends axially toward the end of the first magnetic pole palm with several second magnetic pole claws. The several first magnetic pole claws and the several second magnetic pole claws are spaced apart and staggered on the same circumference on the radially outer side of the rotor winding.
[0006] Furthermore, the permanent magnet is ring-shaped, and the ring-shaped permanent magnet is fitted onto the rotor yoke. The ring-shaped permanent magnet facilitates installation.
[0007] Furthermore, the number of permanent magnets is two, and the two permanent magnets are respectively located on both sides of the rotor winding. This arrangement makes the magnetic field at both ends of the rotor yoke more uniform, and the motor performance more stable.
[0008] Furthermore, the outer surfaces of both the first and second magnetic pole claws are elliptical arc surfaces. With this structure, the first and second magnetic pole claws form a sinusoidal magnetic field loop, allowing the generator to produce a sinusoidal waveform.
[0009] Furthermore, there are two of each of the first and second magnetic pole claws.
[0010] Furthermore, the first magnetic pole palm is located outside the end side of the rotor yoke and close to the end face of the rotor yoke, and a rotating shaft extends axially from the end side away from the second magnetic pole palm. The rotating shaft facilitates the connection or transmission output of the rotating unit to an external power source.
[0011] Furthermore, the fixing unit also includes a magnetic guide ring, which is sleeved on the end of the rotor yoke. The second magnetic pole cuff is annular, and the spacing between the second magnetic pole cuffs is located radially outside the magnetic guide ring. The magnetic guide ring serves to limit the installation of the rotor winding and the permanent magnet, while effectively shortening the magnetic gap between the second magnetic pole cuff and the rotor yoke. This allows more magnetic flux from the rotor yoke to enter the rotating unit, thereby strengthening the magnetic field formed on the rotating unit.
[0012] This utility model relates to a hybrid excitation brushless motor. The permanent magnet is mounted on the rotor yoke and rotates independently of the rotating unit during operation. The fixed mounting structure of the permanent magnet provides greater stability. Furthermore, the first and second magnetic pole pads are located at opposite ends of the rotor yoke, with the permanent magnet typically positioned inside the rotating unit and protected from damage. The magnetic energy of the permanent magnet is evenly distributed across both ends of the rotor yoke, allowing for a uniform transition to the first and second magnetic pole pads. This results in a more uniform excitation magnetic field on the first and second magnetic pole pads, preventing torque fluctuations, increased generator output ripple, decreased linearity, and reduced motor control precision caused by uneven excitation magnetic fields, thus significantly improving motor performance. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hybrid excitation brushless motor of this utility model from a first-person perspective;
[0014] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hybrid excitation brushless motor of this utility model from a second perspective;
[0015] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the hybrid excitation brushless motor of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the hybrid excitation brushless motor of this utility model, excluding non-magnetic components;
[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of the hybrid excitation brushless motor of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The specific implementation of the hybrid excitation brushless motor of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0019] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a hybrid excitation brushless motor includes a stator 20 and a rotor 10 coaxially mounted within the stator 20. The rotor 10 includes a fixed unit 1 and a rotating unit 2.
[0020] The fixed unit 1 includes a rotor yoke 11, a rotor winding 12 wound on the rotor yoke 11, and a permanent magnet 13 fixedly installed on the rotor yoke 11.
[0021] The rotating unit 2 includes a first rotor magnetic pole 21 and a second rotor magnetic pole 22 fixedly connected by a non-magnetic body 23; the first rotor magnetic pole 21 includes a first magnetic pole palm 211 coaxial with the rotor magnetic yoke 11, and a plurality of first magnetic pole claws 212 extending axially outward from the edge of the first magnetic pole palm 211, the plurality of first magnetic pole claws 212 being distributed circumferentially at intervals along the first magnetic pole palm 211; the second rotor magnetic pole 22 includes a second magnetic pole palm 22 coaxial with the rotor magnetic yoke 11. 1. Several second magnetic pole claws 222 extend outward from the edge of the second magnetic pole palm 221, and the several second magnetic pole claws 222 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the second magnetic pole palm 221; the first magnetic pole palm 211 and the second magnetic pole palm 221 are located at the two ends of the rotor yoke 11 and are adjacent to the rotor yoke 11, and the first magnetic pole claws 212 and the second magnetic pole claws 222 are distributed at intervals and alternately on the same circumference on the radially outer side of the rotor winding 12.
[0022] In this invention, a hybrid excitation brushless motor is presented, wherein the fixed unit 1 of the rotor 10 is fixed to form a brushless motor; and the rotating unit 2 of the rotor 10 is rotatable to form a rotating magnetic field.
[0023] In this invention, a hybrid excitation brushless motor is presented, wherein the rotor winding 12 is energized to provide an electric excitation magnetic source, and the permanent magnet 13 is used to provide a permanent magnet magnetic source.
[0024] In this invention, a hybrid excitation brushless motor operates as follows: When the rotor winding 12 is energized, both the rotor winding 12 and the permanent magnet 13 simultaneously provide a magnetic source. Under this magnetic source, the magnetic circuit passes through the rotor yoke 11, causing the two ends of the rotor yoke 11 to form N and S poles. These N and S poles then pass through a magnetic gap and enter the first rotor pole 21 and the second rotor pole 22, respectively, causing the first pole claw 212 of the first rotor pole 21 and the second pole claw 222 of the second rotor pole 22 to form N and S poles, respectively, thus creating a magnetic field. This magnetic field, under the rotation of the rotating unit 2, forms a rotating magnetic field. This rotating magnetic field interacts with the stator 20, causing the stator 20 to generate and output electrical energy. In this case, the motor functions as a generator. Alternatively, energization can be applied to the stator 20 under the aforementioned magnetic field, causing the energized stator 20 to generate an electromagnetic coupling force under this magnetic field. This force causes the rotor 10 to rotate, in which case the motor functions as a motor.
[0025] This utility model relates to a hybrid excitation brushless motor. The permanent magnet 13 is mounted on the rotor yoke 11 and rotates separately from the rotating unit 2 during operation. The fixed mounting structure of the permanent magnet 13 provides greater stability. Furthermore, the first magnetic pole piece 211 and the second magnetic pole piece 221 are located at the two ends of the rotor yoke 11. The permanent magnet 13 is typically located inside the rotating unit 2 and is protected by the outer rotating unit 2, making it less susceptible to damage. The permanent magnet 13 is mounted on the rotor yoke 11. The magnetic energy of the permanent magnet 13 is evenly distributed at both ends of the rotor yoke 11. The magnetic energy of the permanent magnet 13, which is evenly distributed at both ends, can be evenly transferred to the first magnetic pole piece 211 and the second magnetic pole piece 221, making the excitation magnetic field on the first magnetic pole piece 211 and the second magnetic pole piece 221 more uniform. This avoids torque fluctuations, increased generator output ripple, poor linearity, and reduced motor control accuracy caused by uneven excitation magnetic field, thus greatly improving motor performance.
[0026] In this invention, a hybrid excitation brushless motor is preferably described in which the permanent magnet 13 is annular and is fitted onto the rotor yoke 11. The permanent magnet 13 can be a block or annular; the annular design facilitates installation.
[0027] In this hybrid excitation brushless motor, preferably, there are two permanent magnets 13, which are located on opposite sides of the rotor winding 12. This arrangement makes the magnetic field at both ends of the rotor yoke 11 more uniform, resulting in more stable motor performance.
[0028] In this hybrid excitation brushless motor, preferably, the outer surfaces of the first magnetic pole claw 212 and the second magnetic pole claw 222 are both elliptical arc surfaces. With this structure, the first magnetic pole claw 212 and the second magnetic pole claw 222 form a sinusoidal magnetic field loop, allowing the generator to obtain a sinusoidal waveform.
[0029] In this invention, the number of the first magnetic pole claw 212 and the second magnetic pole claw 222 in the hybrid excitation brushless motor can be, but is not limited to, two.
[0030] In this invention, a hybrid excitation brushless motor preferably has the first magnetic pole pad 211 located outside the end side of the rotor yoke 21 and close to the end face of the rotor yoke 21. A rotating shaft portion 213 extends axially from the end side of the first magnetic pole pad 211 away from the second magnetic pole pad 221. The rotating shaft portion 213 facilitates the connection of the rotating unit 2 to an external power source or its transmission output.
[0031] In this invention, a hybrid excitation brushless motor is preferably further comprising a magnetic ring 14 in the fixed unit 1. The magnetic ring 14 is fitted onto the end of the rotor yoke 21. The second magnetic pole pads 221 are annular and spaced radially outward from the magnetic ring 14. The magnetic ring 14 serves to limit the installation of the rotor winding 12 and the permanent magnet 13, while effectively shortening the magnetic gap between the second magnetic pole pads 221 and the rotor yoke 11. This allows more magnetic flux from the rotor yoke 11 to enter the rotating unit 2, thereby strengthening the magnetic field formed on the rotating unit 2.
[0032] For those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of this utility model, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A hybrid excitation brushless motor, characterized in that: The system includes a stator and a rotor coaxially mounted within the stator. The rotor comprises a fixed unit and a rotating unit. The fixed unit includes a rotor yoke, a rotor winding wound on the rotor yoke, and a permanent magnet fixedly mounted on the rotor yoke. The rotating unit includes a first rotor pole and a second rotor pole fixedly connected by a non-magnetic material. The first rotor pole includes a first pole chamfer coaxial with the rotor yoke, and the second rotor pole includes a second pole chamfer coaxial with the rotor yoke. The first pole chamfer and the second pole chamfer are located at opposite ends of the rotor yoke and adjacent to the rotor yoke. Several first pole claws extend axially from the edge of the first pole chamfer towards the end of the second pole chamfer, and several second pole claws extend axially from the edge of the second pole chamfer towards the end of the first pole chamfer. The several first pole claws and the several second pole claws are spaced apart and staggered on the same circumference radially outside the rotor winding.
2. The hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet is ring-shaped and is fitted onto the rotor yoke.
3. The hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of permanent magnets is two, and the two permanent magnets are located on both sides of the rotor winding.
4. The hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of both the first and second magnetic pole claws are elliptical arc surfaces.
5. The hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two of each of the first and second magnetic pole claws.
6. The hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first magnetic pole palm is located outside the end side of the rotor yoke and close to the end face of the rotor yoke. The first magnetic pole palm extends axially away from the end side of the second magnetic pole palm and has a rotating shaft portion.
7. The hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing unit also includes a magnetic guide ring, which is sleeved on the end of the rotor yoke. The second magnetic pole is annular, and the second magnetic pole is spaced radially outward from the magnetic guide ring.