Numerical control punching machine suitable for high-hardness materials

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of numerical control punching, and discloses a numerical control punching machine suitable for high-hardness materials, which comprises a machine body, a workbench, a direct current motor, a drill bit, a three-jaw chuck, a servo motor, a main lead screw and a stepping motor, according to the utility model, a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) power supply is adopted, and a rotating speed and current double closed-loop control system is constructed to control the drill bit to rotate, so that a whole series of materials including high-hardness materials can be drilled; a servo motor is matched with a speed reducer to control a three-jaw chuck to drive a workpiece to rotate, a stepping motor controls feeding of a drill bit in the depth direction, and the precision of complete servo motor control is achieved. When high-hardness materials are drilled, the high-hardness material drilling machine has higher overload capacity and has the performance of automatically adjusting the rotating speed and the current according to different hardness, and the equipment cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of CNC drilling technology, for example to a CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials. Background Technology

[0002] The descriptions in this section are provided only as background information relating to this disclosure and do not constitute prior art.

[0003] With the rapid development of modern industrial technology, two trends have emerged in the field of metal cutting hole machining equipment. Firstly, rising labor costs and the high labor intensity, low efficiency, and poor precision inherent in manual machining have led industrial enterprises to increasingly utilize machines for more tasks. Secondly, while complex machines (such as CNC machine tools) can process products that meet requirements, their costs are high. To improve machining efficiency, enhance the accuracy of roughing and pre-drilling, and reduce finishing allowances, other fields, such as aerospace and special-purpose machine tool industries, are also gradually adopting specialized machinery to complete single-process operations, thereby improving processing efficiency, product quality, and automation levels.

[0004] Currently, the mainstream special-purpose machines for hole processing on the market are CNC drilling machines. These CNC drilling machines have high processing efficiency and precision and are widely used in many industries. However, most drilling machines cannot process high-hardness metal materials, and the few drilling machines that can process high-hardness materials have higher processing costs.

[0005] For example, there are two existing CNC drilling technology solutions. One is to use pneumatic technology combined with electric technology to drill holes in metal materials. The other is to use full servo drive to drill holes in metal materials. Drilling machines using pneumatic technology combined with electric technology can only drill relatively soft materials, while drilling machines using full servo drive can drill harder materials, but they are more expensive and have poor stability. Utility Model Content

[0006] This application provides a CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials, which solves the problem of drilling high-hardness materials at low cost, enables the selection of a full range of hole processing materials, and significantly reduces equipment costs.

[0007] A CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials, comprising:

[0008] The body, used for support;

[0009] The workbench is located above the machine body;

[0010] A DC motor is mounted on the slider.

[0011] The drill bit is connected to the output shaft of the DC motor via a drill bit chuck.

[0012] A three-jaw chuck is located on one side of the drill bit;

[0013] A servo motor is located on one side of the three-jaw chuck and drives the three-jaw chuck to rotate via a synchronous belt;

[0014] The main lead screw, located above the worktable, drives the slider to perform linear motion.

[0015] The output shaft of a stepper motor is connected to the main lead screw via a coupling.

[0016] The speed reducer is connected to the servo motor.

[0017] In some embodiments, the CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials further includes:

[0018] An auxiliary lead screw, arranged parallel to the main lead screw, provides auxiliary support and guidance for the slider.

[0019] In some embodiments, the CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials further includes:

[0020] Hall effect sensors are used to detect the origin position of servo motors.

[0021] In some embodiments, the CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials further includes:

[0022] An electrical control system is provided, in which the DC motor, servo motor, and stepper motor are all connected; the electrical control system is used to automatically control the various actions and movements of the components of the CNC punching machine.

[0023] In some embodiments, the CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials further includes:

[0024] Limit switches are installed at the extreme positions of the slider's movement path.

[0025] The CNC drilling machine for high-hardness materials provided in this application can achieve the following technical effects:

[0026] (1) The rotation of the drill bit is controlled by a dual closed-loop DC speed control system with rotation speed and current, which can perform hole machining on a full range of materials with various hardness, especially high-hardness materials.

[0027] (2) The rotation of the workpiece is controlled by a combination of servo motor and reducer, which improves the control accuracy and significantly reduces the cost;

[0028] (3) Use the auxiliary lead screw to provide stable power, and obtain high-precision position control through the ball screw and linear guide to solve the problem of unstable slider movement during operation;

[0029] (4) Use Hall sensors to detect the origin position of the servo motor and send commands to the electrical control system without contact.

[0030] (5) Using PWM pulse width modulation DC power supply can enable DC motor to obtain smooth, stable and adjustable DC power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0031] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations and drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are shown as similar elements. The drawings are not to be scaled. And wherein:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a front structural diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a top view structural schematic diagram of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 4 It is an electrical control system diagram;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a diagram of a dual closed-loop DC speed control system for both speed and current.

[0037] Figure label:

[0038] 1. Servo motor; 2. Reducer; 3. Machine body; 4. Drill bit; 5. DC motor; 6. Limit switch; 7. Stepper motor; 8. Three-jaw chuck; 9. Hall sensor; 10. Worktable; 11. Slider; 12. Auxiliary lead screw; 13. Synchronous belt; 14. Drill bit clamp; 15. Main lead screw. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To provide a more detailed understanding of the features and technical content of the embodiments of this disclosure, the implementation of the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure. In the following technical description, for ease of explanation, several details are used to provide a full understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, one or more embodiments may still be implemented without these details. In other cases, well-known structures and devices may be simplified in their depiction to simplify the drawings.

[0040] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this disclosure described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0041] In this disclosure, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "middle," "outer," "front," and "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for better description of the embodiments of this disclosure and their implementations, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to require them to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the aforementioned terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientation or positional relationship; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in the embodiments of this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "set up," "connect," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] Unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0044] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0045] Example 1: A CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials, with the structure described below. Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes:

[0046] The body 3 provides support for the components on it; the main frame of the body 3 is made of 4×4 angle steel welded together.

[0047] The worktable 10 above the machine body 3 is made of high-strength aluminum, and with the addition of angle iron, the entire processing process is more stable and stronger, laying a solid foundation for processing;

[0048] DC motor 5 is mounted on slider 11; a PWM pulse width modulation DC power supply is used to provide smooth, stable and adjustable DC power to DC motor 5.

[0049] The drill bit 4 is connected to the output shaft of the DC motor 5 via the drill bit chuck 14. The rotation of the drill bit 4 is controlled by the dual closed-loop DC speed control system of the electrical control system, which can perform hole machining on materials of various hardnesses, especially high-hardness materials.

[0050] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 As shown, the dual closed-loop DC speed control system includes: a GD32F103C8T6 controller, a power supply (PWM pulse width modulation DC power supply), a motor drive circuit, a DC motor 5 (controlling drill bit 4), a current acquisition circuit, and a Hall sensor (built into the DC motor). The PLC in the figure is... Figure 5 The host computer of the controller. The host PLC sends control request information to the controller via serial communication.

[0051] The motor drive circuit in the system is an H-bridge circuit. The H-bridge circuit receives PWM signals from the D32F103C8T6 controller to control the on / off state of the power MOSFETs in the circuit. Depending on the signal, it can control the DC motor 5 to start, stop, and rotate in both directions. The main circuit current is detected from the motor drive circuit and fed back to the controller, forming a current loop to achieve negative current feedback. The DC motor 5 has a built-in Hall sensor that detects the motor's speed, converting the speed signal into a voltage signal and feeding it back to the controller, forming a speed loop to achieve negative speed feedback.

[0052] The CNC drilling machine also includes: a three-jaw chuck 8, located on one side of the drill bit 4, used to fix the workpiece; a servo motor 1 (HF-KN43J-S100 model), which drives the three-jaw chuck to rotate via a synchronous belt 13; the servo motor 1 is connected to a reducer 2, and the two work together to control the rotation of the workpiece, thereby enabling the workpiece to rotate precisely to the set angle and improving control accuracy. A Hall sensor 9 (NP type) detects the origin position of the servo motor 1. When an object approaches the sensor's sensing surface to the action distance, the switch can be activated without mechanical contact or applying any pressure, thereby driving the servo motor 1 or providing control commands to the PLC.

[0053] A main lead screw 15 is mounted above the worktable, driving the slider 11 in linear motion. An auxiliary lead screw 12, parallel to the main lead screw 15, provides auxiliary support and guidance for the slider 11. The output shaft of the stepper motor 7 is connected to the main lead screw 15 via a coupling. The stepper motor is a 57BYG250B model, providing sufficient feed force, and a limit switch is added to limit the feed distance. The stepper motor 7 drives the main lead screw 15 to rotate, allowing the slider 11 on the main lead screw 15 to slide along the outer surface of the auxiliary lead screw 12. This prevents the slider 11 from tilting or deviating during movement, ensuring linear motion. The DC motor 5 on the slider 11 performs lateral movement, thereby controlling the drilling depth.

[0054] Limit switch 6 is installed at the extreme position of the slider 11's movement path. When the slider 11 moves to the end of its stroke, it directly contacts limit switch 6 to trigger a signal. Specifically, when the slider 11 reaches the set extreme position under the drive of the main screw 15, the slider 11 contacts limit switch 6, causing limit switch 6 to activate and send a signal back to the control system. The control system then controls the drive of the main screw 15 accordingly, such as stopping the drive or reversing it, to ensure that the movement range of the slider 11 is within the specified range and to avoid equipment failure or damage due to excessive movement of the slider 11.

[0055] The CNC drilling machine also includes an electrical control system, which includes a touch screen and a PLC, as shown in the reference. Figure 4 As shown, the DC motor, servo motor, and stepper motor are all connected to the electrical control system; the electrical control system is used to automatically control the various actions and movements of the components of the CNC punching machine.

[0056] The function of the PLC is to output a set of switching states based on the deviation level and in accordance with the fuzzy control concept. This set of switching states controls the combination of the resistor network of the pulse transmitter, thereby changing the pulse frequency. The PLC also has manual and automatic switching functions, and can operate in single / dual photocell and positive / negative polarity modes in automatic mode.

[0057] The touchscreen is an MCGS Kunlun Tongtai touchscreen, model TC7062KX. The touchscreen has three screens: main screen, automatic screen, and manual screen.

[0058] The touch screen and PLC communicate using RS485 serial port. RS485 transmission distance is less affected by external interference and has a high baud rate.

[0059] The working process of this CNC punching machine is as follows:

[0060] Upon initial power-up of the PLC, stepper motor 7 and servo motor 1 simultaneously return to the reference point. Manual mode is activated via the touchscreen. This mode allows calibration of the servo rotation position and the current stepper drilling position. Input the desired servo motor rotation angle (0-360 degrees for servo motor 1) via the touchscreen. Next, input the desired stepper drilling position and depth (1-6 cm for stepper motor drilling). Press the manual stepper button to move the stepper motor to a position close to the workpiece surface. Releasing the manual button will stop stepper motor 7, and the PLC will record the current position. Press the manual stepper button again to rotate the stepper motor to the desired surface position. Releasing the manual button will stop servo motor 1, and the touchscreen will display the corresponding drilling rotation angle. Then input the desired angle parameters, followed by the drilling depth. Press the parameter write button on the touchscreen to write the parameters into the PLC. Finally, press the zero button on the touchscreen. Once the system returns to its initial state, the automatic mode can be accessed. Press the start button, and servo motor 1 will rotate to the preset first angle, while stepper motor 7 will reach the vicinity of the preset workpiece surface position. The system will begin drilling at multiple angles according to the preset parameters. After the drilling is completed, the system will automatically return to the initial state and wait for the next round of parameter input before drilling can begin.

[0061] In another embodiment, the drill bit of the CNC drilling machine can be raised and lowered, either by a servo motor or by a mechanical mechanism.

[0062] This invention employs a PWM pulse width modulation power supply and utilizes a dual closed-loop control system for both speed and current to control the drill bit rotation, enabling drilling of a full range of materials, including high-hardness materials. A servo motor, in conjunction with a reducer, controls the rotation of the workpiece via a three-jaw chuck, while a stepper motor controls the depth feed of the drill bit. This achieves the precision of fully servo motor-controlled systems. Compared to full servo systems, this invention offers greater overload capacity when drilling high-hardness materials and features automatic adjustment of speed and current based on different hardness levels, significantly reducing equipment costs.

[0063] The foregoing description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may include structural and other changes. The embodiments represent only possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the order of operation may vary. Parts and features of some embodiments may be included or substituted for parts and features of other embodiments. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials, characterized in that, include: The body, used for support; The workbench is located above the machine body; A DC motor is mounted on the slider. The drill bit is connected to the output shaft of the DC motor via a drill bit chuck. A three-jaw chuck is located on one side of the drill bit; A servo motor is located on one side of the three-jaw chuck and drives the three-jaw chuck to rotate via a synchronous belt; The main lead screw, located above the worktable, drives the slider to perform linear motion. The output shaft of a stepper motor is connected to the main lead screw via a coupling. The speed reducer is connected to the servo motor.

2. The CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An auxiliary lead screw, arranged parallel to the main lead screw, provides auxiliary support and guidance for the slider.

3. The CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Hall effect sensors are used to detect the origin position of servo motors.

4. A CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An electrical control system is provided, in which the DC motor, servo motor, and stepper motor are all connected; the electrical control system is used to automatically control the various actions and movements of the components of the CNC punching machine.

5. A CNC drilling machine suitable for high-hardness materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Limit switches are installed at the extreme positions of the slider's movement path.

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