Ceramsite cushion layer filling structure of vertical subsurface flow wetland

Abstract

The utility model relates to a ceramsite cushion layer filling structure of a vertical subsurface flow wetland, which comprises a drainage layer, a transition layer, a main body layer and a water distribution layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, each layer of the vertical subsurface flow wetland adopts zongzi-shaped ceramsite as a filler, and the appearance of the zongzi-shaped ceramsite is a tetrahedron-like shape with micropores inside and slightly convex and hardened outside. The grain sizes of the zongzi-shaped ceramsite are 10-15mm, 6-10mm and 2-5mm respectively, the 10-15mm zongzi-shaped ceramsite is graded according to the mass ratio in the drainage layer and the water distribution layer to achieve the porosity of 55%, the 6-10mm zongzi-shaped ceramsite is graded to achieve the porosity of 45% in the transition layer, and the 2-5mm zongzi-shaped ceramsite is graded to achieve the porosity of 40% in the main body layer. According to the utility model, the zongzi-shaped ceramsite is mixed and graded to form the wetland cushion layer with moderate porosity, so that medium conditions are effectively provided for plant growth and microorganism attachment, and a complex medium environment formed by the large specific surface area of the zongzi-shaped ceramsite and the pore space integrally enhances the adsorption and interception effects of the filler; and the use and replacement time of the wetland filler is also prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a ceramsite cushion layer structure, and more particularly to a ceramsite cushion layer filling structure for vertical subsurface flow wetlands. Background Technology

[0002] Wetland filler is an indispensable part of wetland systems. It not only provides a basic environment for the growth of plants and microorganisms, but also removes pollutants through direct and indirect action.

[0003] The construction of subsurface flow wetlands and retention facilities for low-impact development require filler layers. The structural characteristics, particle size, and gradation of the wetland filler directly determine the hydraulic conductivity of the wetland matrix and are one of the main factors affecting wetland clogging. The larger the particle size, the more porous the structure, and the more reasonable the gradation of the filler, the better the porosity and hydraulic conductivity of the filler.

[0004] In engineering construction, crushed stone is widely available, easy to obtain, and relatively inexpensive, making it the preferred substrate filler for subsurface flow wetland treatment systems. However, it suffers from problems such as easy clogging, difficulty in vegetation growth, and poor decontamination effects. Therefore, it is necessary to study a new ceramsite cushion layer filling structure, using only different particle size gradations of this filler to solve the problems of clogging, inability to grow vegetation, and poor decontamination effects in vertical subsurface flow wetlands. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to propose a ceramic aggregate filling structure for vertical subsurface flow wetlands, which can provide greater growth space for the root system of plants in vertical subsurface flow wetlands, and ensure that the filling layer has good permeability, promote the uniform distribution of water flow in vertical subsurface flow wetlands, reduce water flow short-circuiting, thereby improving the stability of vertical subsurface flow wetland systems and ensuring the water quality treatment effect of vertical subsurface flow wetlands.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a ceramsite cushion layer filling structure for a vertical subsurface flow wetland, comprising a drainage layer, a transition layer, a main layer, and a water distribution layer arranged sequentially from bottom to top. Each layer of the vertical subsurface flow wetland uses ceramsite particles as filler. The ceramsite particles are tetrahedral in shape with internal micropores and a slightly convex, hardened exterior. The particle sizes of the ceramsite particles are 10-15mm, 6-10mm, and 2-5mm. In the drainage layer and the water distribution layer, 10-15mm ceramsite particles are graded according to a mass ratio to achieve 55% porosity. In the transition layer, 6-10mm ceramsite particles are graded to achieve 45% porosity. In the main layer, 2-5mm ceramsite particles are graded to achieve 40% porosity.

[0007] Preferably, the drainage layer and water distribution layer are filled with 10mm, 12mm and 15mm shaped expanded clay aggregates, wherein the bulk density of the 10mm, 12mm and 15mm shaped expanded clay aggregates is 600kg / m³.3 550kg / m 3 400kg / m 3 .

[0008] Preferably, the transition layer is filled with 6mm, 8mm, and 10mm shaped ceramsite, wherein the bulk density of the 6mm, 8mm, and 10mm shaped ceramsite is 700 kg / m³. 3 650kg / m 3 600kg / m 3 .

[0009] Preferably, the main body layer is filled with 2mm, 4mm, and 5mm shaped ceramsite, wherein the bulk density of the 2mm, 4mm, and 5mm shaped ceramsite is 1000kg / m³. 3 800kg / m 3 750kg / m 3 .

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0011] This utility model discloses a ceramsite cushion layer filling structure for vertical subsurface flow wetlands. It uses zongzi-shaped ceramsite as filler, which retains the porous core and hard outer shell of ordinary ceramsite, while also possessing the characteristics of being resistant to rolling, having stable accumulation, and adjustable porosity. It can meet the broad application requirements of ordinary ceramsite, and can also be used as a cushion layer for subsurface flow wetlands and a cushion layer for low impact development retention facilities, thereby improving the quality and effectiveness of environmental governance and ecological restoration.

[0012] The expanded clay aggregate bedding structure uses zongzi-shaped expanded clay aggregate as filler. The tetrahedral zongzi-shaped expanded clay aggregate has a larger specific surface area and a wider range of porosity adjustment possibilities. The larger specific surface area of ​​the zongzi-shaped expanded clay aggregate can attach more microorganisms. The wide porosity not only provides more growth space for the root system of subsurface flow wetland plants, but also ensures that the bedding layer has good permeability, promotes the uniform distribution of water flow in the subsurface flow wetland, reduces water flow short-circuiting, thereby improving the stability of the subsurface flow wetland system and ensuring the water quality treatment effect of the subsurface flow wetland. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the ceramsite cushion layer filling structure for a vertical subsurface flow wetland;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the shape of a rice dumpling-shaped ceramic pellet. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] This invention provides a ceramsite cushion layer filling structure for vertical subsurface flow wetlands, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the structure includes, from bottom to top, a drainage layer 1, a transition layer 2, a main layer 3, and a water distribution layer 4. Each layer of the vertical subsurface flow wetland uses shaped ceramsite as filler. The shaped ceramsite has a tetrahedral shape with internal micropores and a slightly convex, hardened exterior. The particle sizes of the shaped ceramsite are 10-15 mm, 6-10 mm, and 2-5 mm. In the drainage layer 1 and the water distribution layer 4, the 10-15 mm shaped ceramsite is graded according to a mass ratio to achieve 55% porosity. In the transition layer 2, the 6-10 mm shaped ceramsite is graded to achieve 45% porosity. In the main layer 3, the 2-5 mm shaped ceramsite is graded to achieve 40% porosity.

[0018] Compared to oval-shaped expanded clay particles, tetrahedral shaped expanded clay particles possess a larger specific surface area and a wider range of porosity adjustment possibilities. The larger specific surface area allows for the attachment of more microorganisms, while the wider porosity not only provides greater growth space for the root systems of subsurface flow wetland plants but also ensures good permeability of the substrate, promoting uniform water flow distribution within the subsurface flow wetland, reducing short-circuiting, and thus improving the stability of the subsurface flow wetland system and ensuring its water treatment effectiveness. The tetrahedral shaped expanded clay particles address the problems of poor purification efficiency and easy clogging in existing gravel substrates due to their small specific surface area and insufficient porosity.

[0019] The manufacturing of zongzi-shaped ceramsite employs a roller granulation and firing technique. Specifically, the preparation of zongzi-shaped ceramsite includes: granulating a prepared high-moisture powder using rollers to form tetrahedral pebble embryos; then firing these tetrahedral pebble embryos to form zongzi-shaped ceramsite with internal micropores and a slightly convex outer surface. The prepared high-moisture powder is granulated using rollers to form tetrahedral pebble embryos, and the firing process produces artificial ceramsite gravel with internal micropores and a slightly convex outer surface, forming zongzi-shaped particles. Figure 2 As shown.

[0020] Tetrahedral granules require specialized granulation equipment, while the molds for shaped ceramsite are relatively simple, and the firing process is almost identical to that of ordinary ceramsite. Both can be mass-produced and used as specialized underlayment materials. Furthermore, due to the wider range of porosity adjustment possibilities, shaped ceramsite with tetrahedral granules can be mixed in proportions according to the application scenario to achieve porosity packings with different permeabilities.

[0021] Preferably, the drainage layer 1 and the water distribution layer 4 are filled with 10mm, 12mm and 15mm shaped ceramsite, wherein the bulk density of the 10mm, 12mm and 15mm shaped ceramsite is 600kg / m³. 3 550kg / m 3 400kg / m 3 Preferably, the transition layer 2 is filled with 6mm, 8mm, and 10mm shaped ceramsite, wherein the bulk density of the 6mm, 8mm, and 10mm shaped ceramsite is 700kg / m³. 3 650kg / m 3 600kg / m 3 Preferably, the main body layer 3 is filled with 2mm, 4mm, and 5mm shaped ceramsite, wherein the bulk density of the 2mm, 4mm, and 5mm shaped ceramsite is 1000kg / m³. 3 800kg / m 3 750kg / m 3 .

[0022] Zongzi-shaped expanded clay pellets are used in vertical subsurface flow wetlands:

[0023] (1) Clean the following zongzi-shaped ceramic granules thoroughly:

[0024]

[0025] According to the vertical subsurface flow wetland plan layout, the wetland structure units are divided, and the vertical lines of the top height of the drainage layer, transition layer, main layer and water distribution layer are drawn in each wetland unit according to the design filler layer height, as a marker for the filler paving height.

[0026] Mix the 10mm, 12mm and 15mm zongzi-shaped ceramsite obtained in (1) at a mass ratio of 2:2:6 and then spread them evenly to the height mark of the drainage layer filler.

[0027] The 6mm, 8mm and 10mm zongzi-shaped ceramsite obtained in (1) were mixed and graded in a mass ratio of 2:3:5, and then evenly spread to the height of the transition layer by manual spreading.

[0028] Mix the 2mm, 4mm and 5mm zongzi-shaped ceramsite obtained in (1) at a mass ratio of 3:3:4 and then spread them evenly to the height mark of the main layer filler.

[0029] The 10mm, 12mm and 15mm zongzi-shaped ceramic particles obtained in (1) are mixed and graded in a mass ratio of 2:2:6, and then evenly spread to the height mark of the water distribution layer filler.

[0030] The laying of the subsurface flow wetland filler layer needs to be carried out in conjunction with the construction of the impermeable layer, pipeline laying, geosynthetic material laying, wall masonry and other procedures. After completion, it can be tested and put into operation.

[0031] This invention relates to a expanded clay aggregate (ECA) cushion layer filling structure. By mixing and grading shaped expanded clay aggregates to achieve a wetland cushion layer with appropriate porosity, it effectively provides the medium conditions for plant growth and microbial attachment. Pollutants are trapped by the mechanical retention effects of the shaped expanded clay aggregates, such as filtration, sedimentation, and adsorption. Furthermore, the large specific surface area of ​​the shaped expanded clay aggregates and the complex medium environment formed by the attached microorganisms and plant roots in the pore space enhance the adsorption and interception effect of the filler, while also extending the service life of the wetland filler. As a low-impact development (LID) retention facility infiltration cushion layer, the shaped expanded clay aggregates, through mixing and grading, achieve a rain garden base layer with appropriate permeability. During rainwater flow, it blocks floating debris and adsorbs suspended solids, while simultaneously supporting emergent plants and their growth substrate.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this utility model or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solution claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A ceramic aggregate cushion layer filling structure for vertical subsurface flow wetlands, characterized in that: The structure includes a drainage layer (1), a transition layer (2), a main layer (3), and a water distribution layer (4) arranged sequentially from bottom to top. Each layer of the vertical subsurface flow wetland uses zongzi-shaped ceramsite as filler. The zongzi-shaped ceramsite has a tetrahedral shape with internal micropores and a slightly convex hardened exterior. The zongzi-shaped ceramsite has three gravel size grades: 10-15mm, 6-10mm, and 2-5mm. In the drainage layer (1) and the water distribution layer (4), the 10-15mm zongzi-shaped ceramsite is graded according to the mass ratio to achieve 55% porosity. In the transition layer (2), the 6-10mm zongzi-shaped ceramsite is graded to achieve 45% porosity. In the main layer (3), the 2-5mm zongzi-shaped ceramsite is graded to achieve 40% porosity.

2. The ceramsite cushion layer filling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage layer (1) and water distribution layer (4) are filled with 10mm, 12mm and 15mm shaped ceramsite, with a bulk density of 600kg / m³ for the 10mm, 12mm and 15mm shaped ceramsite respectively. 3 550kg / m 3 400kg / m 3 .

3. The expanded clay aggregate cushion layer filling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition layer (2) is filled with 6mm, 8mm and 10mm shaped ceramsite, with a bulk density of 700kg / m³ for the 6mm, 8mm and 10mm shaped ceramsite respectively. 3 650kg / m 3 600kg / m 3 .

4. The expanded clay aggregate cushion layer filling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body layer (3) is filled with 2mm, 4mm and 5mm shaped ceramsite, with a bulk density of 1000kg / m³ for each of the 2mm, 4mm and 5mm shaped ceramsite. 3 800kg / m 3 750kg / m 3 .

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