Multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system of excavator

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mining excavators, in particular to an excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system which comprises a pump set, a valve set and an oil cylinder set. The pump set comprises a first main pump, a second main pump and a third main pump, the valve set comprises a main valve and an auxiliary valve, and the oil cylinder set comprises a bucket rod oil cylinder, a bucket oil cylinder and a movable arm oil cylinder. The first main pump is connected with the auxiliary valve; the second main pump and the third main pump are connected with the main valve; the main valve comprises a movable arm valve element, a bucket valve element and a bucket rod valve element. The auxiliary valve also comprises a movable arm valve core, a bucket valve core and a bucket rod valve core; movable arm valve cores of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected with a movable arm oil cylinder; bucket valve elements of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected with a bucket oil cylinder. And bucket rod valve cores of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected with a bucket rod oil cylinder. According to the utility model, double-pump or three-pump oil supply of the movable arm oil cylinder, the bucket oil cylinder and the bucket rod oil cylinder is realized, so that the oil cylinder running speed of a large-tonnage excavator is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mining excavator technology, and in particular to a multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system for excavators. Background Technology

[0002] As a key piece of equipment in mining operations, the performance of excavators directly affects mining efficiency and costs. With the increasing demand for large-tonnage excavators in mining operations, traditional dual-pump, dual-valve hydraulic systems can no longer meet the hydraulic oil flow requirements of large-tonnage excavators, thus limiting the improvement of excavator performance.

[0003] Currently, traditional excavators generally employ a dual-pump + dual-valve hydraulic system. This system includes two hydraulic pumps and two control valves, which work together to control the excavator's hydraulic cylinders and other actuators. However, with the increase in excavator tonnage, this dual-pump combined flow system can no longer provide sufficient hydraulic oil flow to meet the speed requirements of large excavator actuators. Furthermore, in existing technology, the operating speeds of the boom cylinder, bucket cylinder, and stick cylinder are limited by the combined flow of the dual pumps, affecting the excavator's working efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, the main technical problems of existing hydraulic systems include:

[0005] 1. A hydraulic system with dual pumps cannot provide sufficient hydraulic oil flow to meet the speed requirements of the actuators in large-tonnage excavators.

[0006] 2. Due to the limitation of hydraulic oil flow, the working efficiency and performance of the excavator cannot be further improved. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide a multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system for excavators, enabling dual or triple pump oil supply for the boom cylinder, bucket cylinder, and stick cylinder, thereby ensuring the cylinder operating speed of large-tonnage excavators.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system for an excavator includes a pump group, a valve group, and a cylinder group. The pump group includes a first main pump, a second main pump, and a third main pump. The valve group includes a main valve and a secondary valve. The cylinder group includes a stick cylinder, a bucket cylinder, and a boom cylinder. The first main pump is connected to the secondary valve, and the second and third main pumps are connected to the main valve. The main valve includes a boom valve core, a bucket valve core, and a stick valve core. The secondary valve also includes a boom valve core, a bucket valve core, and a stick valve core. The boom valve cores of the main and secondary valves are connected to the boom cylinder. The bucket valve cores of the main and secondary valves are connected to the bucket cylinder. The stick valve cores of the main and secondary valves are connected to the stick cylinder.

[0010] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this utility model have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0011] This utility model's hydraulic control system utilizes a dual-pump, dual-valve + single-pump auxiliary valve system to achieve dual-pump or triple-pump oil supply to the boom cylinder, bucket cylinder, and stick cylinder, ensuring the cylinder operating speed of large-tonnage excavators. Simultaneously, the coordinated operation of different pumps and valves ensures that each cylinder can independently or collaboratively complete different actions, improving work efficiency and flexibility. Furthermore, by incorporating relevant logic valves on the auxiliary valves, the boom holding and stick holding functions of the main valves are retained, enhancing the excavator's stability and safety. This represents a breakthrough in the performance of large-tonnage excavators, significantly improving their work efficiency and stability.

[0012] Additional advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In addition, the spacing or dimensions between the parts are exaggerated to show the position of each part, and the schematic diagrams are for illustrative purposes only.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the auxiliary valve provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the left part of the main valve;

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the right part of the main valve and the cylinder assembly;

[0018] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the pump unit and oil tank provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Secondary valve; 11. Main relief valve; 12. Third boom valve core; 13. Third boom holding valve; 14. Third bucket valve core; 15. Third stick valve core; 16. Third stick holding valve; 2. Main valve; 21. First boom valve core; 22. Second boom valve core; 23. First bucket valve core; 24. First stick valve core; 25. Second stick valve core; 26. Bucket confluence valve core; 3. Cylinder assembly; 31. Stick cylinder; 32. Bucket cylinder; 33. Boom cylinder; 4. Pump assembly; 41. First main pump; 42. Second main pump; 43. Third main pump; 5. Oil tank; Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] To address the technical problems mentioned in the background section, this embodiment proposes a multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system for excavators, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic control system includes a pump group 4, a valve group, and a cylinder group 3; the valve group includes a main valve 2 and a secondary valve 1; as shown... Figure 4 As shown, the cylinder assembly 3 includes an arm cylinder 31, a bucket cylinder 32, and a boom cylinder 33. Figure 5 As shown, the pump assembly 4 includes a first main pump 41, a second main pump 42, and a third main pump 43; the pumps in the hydraulic system supply oil to the cylinders through different connection relationships to drive various operations of the excavator. The cylinder assembly 3 is responsible for driving the excavator's actuators, including the extension and retraction of the stick, bucket, and boom.

[0022] The first main pump 41 is connected to the auxiliary valve 1, providing the main hydraulic oil flow support, while the second main pump 42 and the third main pump 43 are connected to the main valve 2, providing combined hydraulic oil flow to the boom cylinder 33, bucket cylinder 32 and stick cylinder 31 respectively.

[0023] The main valve 2 includes a boom valve core, a bucket valve core, and a stick valve core; the auxiliary valve 1 also includes a boom valve core, a bucket valve core, and a stick valve core; the boom valve cores of the main valve 2 and the auxiliary valve 1 are connected to the boom cylinder 33; the bucket valve cores of the main valve 2 and the auxiliary valve 1 are connected to the bucket cylinder 32; the stick valve cores of the main valve 2 and the auxiliary valve 1 are connected to the stick cylinder 31. The main valve 2 and the auxiliary valve 1 are connected to corresponding cylinders through multiple valve cores (including the boom valve core, bucket valve core, and stick valve core) to achieve control of different actions.

[0024] By combining the oil supply from multiple pumps in pump unit 4, sufficient oil flow can be provided to meet the high-speed and high-precision requirements of large-tonnage excavators for their actuators. Simultaneously, the coordinated operation of different pumps and valves ensures that each cylinder can independently or collaboratively complete different actions, improving work efficiency and flexibility.

[0025] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the main valve 2 includes a first boom valve core 21 and a second boom valve core 22, as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the auxiliary valve 1 includes a third boom valve core 12 (BOOM3); the first boom valve core 21 (BOOM1), the second boom valve core 22 (BOOM2), and the third boom valve core 12 are connected to the boom cylinder 33. These valve cores work together to control the extension and retraction of the boom cylinder 33.

[0026] The first boom valve 21 and the second boom valve 22 of the main valve 2 control the flow of hydraulic oil into different channels of the boom cylinder 33, thereby achieving different boom movements. The third boom valve 12 of the auxiliary valve 1 is connected to the boom cylinder 33, ensuring that the boom cylinder 33 receives additional hydraulic support during operation. Especially when high flow is required, the third boom valve 12 acts as a confluence valve. With this configuration, the excavator can perform various boom operations more flexibly and efficiently, while ensuring the stability of the hydraulic system under high loads.

[0027] The main valve 2 includes a first bucket valve core 23 (BUCKET1) and a bucket confluence valve core 26 (XBC1), and the auxiliary valve 1 includes a third bucket valve core 14 (BUKET3). The first bucket valve core 23, the bucket confluence valve core 26, and the third bucket valve core 14 are connected to the bucket cylinder 32. These valve cores work together to control the extension and retraction of the bucket cylinder 32. The first bucket valve core 23 and the bucket confluence valve core 26 of the main valve 2, along with the third bucket valve core 14 of the auxiliary valve 1, control the extension of the bucket cylinder 32. This ensures efficient and stable bucket operation while avoiding excessive hydraulic oil waste and improving the system's economy.

[0028] The main valve 2 includes a first boom valve core 24 (ARM1) and a second boom valve core 25 (ARM2), and the auxiliary valve 1 includes a third boom valve core 15 (ARM3); the first boom valve core 24, the second boom valve core 25, and the third boom valve core 15 are connected to the boom cylinder 31. The coordination of these valve cores controls the extension and retraction of the boom cylinder 31.

[0029] The first and second boom valve cores 24 and 25 of the main valve 2 control the flow of oil into the boom cylinder 31, thereby extending or retracting the boom. The cooperation of these two valve cores ensures precise control of the boom cylinder 31 under various operating conditions. The third boom valve core 15 of the auxiliary valve 1 also plays a confluence role, especially when the boom requires greater flow support, ensuring sufficient oil volume from multiple pumps. This design significantly improves the boom's operating efficiency, guarantees the stability and reliability of the hydraulic system, and ensures the boom can complete tasks quickly and accurately, especially under high load and high-intensity operations.

[0030] When the excavator is not in operation, there is a risk of the boom cylinder 33 and stick cylinder 31 falling off, so an additional holding function is needed to prevent this from happening.

[0031] The main valve 2 includes a first boom holding valve, and the auxiliary valve 1 includes a third boom holding valve 13 (HVb3). The first boom holding valve and the third boom holding valve 13 are connected to the large chamber of the boom cylinder 33. The design of these holding valves ensures that when the excavator is stopped or not in operation, the hydraulic oil in the large chamber of the boom cylinder 33 is locked, so the cylinder remains in place and avoids cylinder drop.

[0032] The first boom holding valve is located in the main valve 2, and the third boom holding valve 13 is located in the auxiliary valve 1. When the boom cylinder 33 retracts, the hydraulic oil in the large chamber must pass through these two holding valves to return to the hydraulic oil tank. When the machine is stopped or the boom is stationary, the boom cylinder tends to fall due to its own weight, meaning the hydraulic oil in the large chamber of the boom cylinder is compressed and tends to move. The conical structure of the holding valve firmly locks the hydraulic oil in the large chamber of the cylinder, ensuring that the boom does not slide down due to external forces. When the machine is started and the boom cylinder is operated, the holding valve is unlocked, allowing the hydraulic oil in the large chamber to return smoothly to the oil tank when the boom cylinder retracts. This system effectively solves the problem of cylinder drop-off in traditional hydraulic systems when the machine is stopped, improving the safety and stability of the excavator.

[0033] The main valve 2 includes a first stick holding valve, and the auxiliary valve 1 includes a third stick holding valve 16 (HVa3). The first stick holding valve and the third stick holding valve 16 are connected to the small chamber of the stick cylinder 31. The design of these holding valves ensures that when the excavator is stopped or not in operation, the hydraulic oil in the small chamber of the stick cylinder 31 is locked, so the cylinder remains in place and avoids cylinder drop.

[0034] The first stick holding valve is located in the main valve 2, and the third stick holding valve 16 is located in the auxiliary valve 1. When the stick cylinder 31 extends, the return oil of the small chamber hydraulic oil must pass through these two holding valves to return to the hydraulic oil tank. When the machine is stopped or the stick is stationary, the stick cylinder tends to fall due to its own weight, meaning the hydraulic oil in the small chamber of the stick cylinder is compressed and tends to move. The conical structure of the holding valve firmly locks the hydraulic oil in the small chamber of the cylinder, ensuring that the stick does not slide down due to external forces. When the machine is started and the stick cylinder is operated, the holding valve is unlocked, allowing the hydraulic oil in the small chamber to return smoothly when the stick cylinder extends. This design greatly improves the stability and safety of the stick cylinder 31 during work breaks, preventing equipment damage or accidents caused by cylinder loosening.

[0035] The hydraulic control system includes an oil tank 5, which is connected to the return oil lines of the main valve 2 and the auxiliary valve 1. This tank is used to recover residual hydraulic oil after cylinder operation, ensuring the hydraulic oil is recycled. After passing through each cylinder and valve, the hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank 5 via the return oil lines for storage and reuse.

[0036] A main relief valve 11 (MR) is installed in both the auxiliary valve 1 and the main valve 2. The main relief valve 11 is installed in the oil lines connecting the main valve, the auxiliary valve, and the oil tank 5, respectively, serving a safety protection function. The main relief valve 11 controls the maximum pressure in the hydraulic system. When the system pressure is too high, the main relief valve 11 automatically opens, draining excess hydraulic oil back to the oil tank 5, preventing system damage due to pressure overload. It functions as both a pressure regulator and a safety protector, ensuring stable system operation under various conditions. This design not only improves the safety of the hydraulic system but also extends the service life of the hydraulic pump, especially under heavy load conditions, avoiding potential risks caused by excessive system pressure.

[0037] The first main pump 41, the second main pump 42, and the third main pump 43 are connected in parallel to ensure the stability and efficiency of the hydraulic system under heavy loads. This parallel design allows the pump group 4 to dynamically adjust its output flow according to system requirements, thus avoiding situations where excessive load on a single pump leads to reduced system efficiency or overload.

[0038] This embodiment also proposes a working method for the above-mentioned multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system for excavators, including:

[0039] The first boom valve core 21 and the second boom valve core 22 of the main valve 2 and the third boom valve core 12 of the auxiliary valve 1 control the extension and retraction of the boom cylinder 33. The external pipelines merge to realize the oil supply of the three-pump system, ensuring the rapid, stable and precise operation of the boom.

[0040] The first bucket valve core 23 and the bucket confluence valve core 26 of the main valve 2, and the third bucket valve core 14 of the auxiliary valve 1 control the extension of the bucket cylinder 32. External flow is combined in the pipeline to achieve oil supply from the three-pump system. When the bucket cylinder 32 retracts, because the required flow is relatively small, the auxiliary valve 1 no longer participates in control, and oil is supplied by the second main pump 42 and the third main pump 43. During bucket extension, oil is supplied by the three pumps to ensure sufficient hydraulic flow, while during retraction, only a portion of the pumps are used to reduce flow demand and achieve energy savings.

[0041] The first boom valve core 24 and the second boom valve core 25 of the main valve 2 and the third boom valve core 15 of the auxiliary valve 1 control the extension and retraction of the boom cylinder 31. The external pipelines merge to realize the oil supply of the three-pump system, provide sufficient hydraulic oil flow, and ensure precise control of the boom.

[0042] The first boom holding valve of the main valve 2 and the third boom holding valve 13 of the auxiliary valve 1 prevent the boom cylinder 33 from falling freely; the first stick holding valve of the main valve 2 and the third stick holding valve 16 of the auxiliary valve 1 prevent the stick cylinder 31 from falling freely, thus preventing the boom cylinder 33 and stick cylinder 31 from falling off when the excavator is not in operation, and ensuring the stability and safety of the equipment in a static state.

[0043] This working method ensures smooth operation of large-tonnage excavators under high-intensity working conditions, provides sufficient hydraulic flow support, and effectively locks the cylinder position by holding the valve when stopping operation to avoid safety hazards.

[0044] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of the present utility model are still within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system for an excavator, characterized in that, It includes a pump group, a valve group, and a cylinder group; the pump group includes a first main pump, a second main pump, and a third main pump; the valve group includes a main valve and a secondary valve; and the cylinder group includes a stick cylinder, a bucket cylinder, and a boom cylinder. The first main pump is connected to the auxiliary valve, and the second and third main pumps are connected to the main valve; the main valve includes a boom valve core, a bucket valve core, and a stick valve core; the auxiliary valve also includes a boom valve core, a bucket valve core, and a stick valve core. The boom valve cores of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected to the boom cylinder; the bucket valve cores of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected to the bucket cylinder; and the stick valve cores of the main valve and the auxiliary valve are connected to the stick cylinder.

2. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main valve includes a first boom valve core and a second boom valve core, and the auxiliary valve includes a third boom valve core; the first boom valve core, the second boom valve core and the third boom valve core are connected to the boom cylinder.

3. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main valve includes a first bucket valve core and a bucket confluence valve core, and the auxiliary valve includes a third bucket valve core; the first bucket valve core, the bucket confluence valve core, and the third bucket valve core are connected to the bucket cylinder.

4. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main valve includes a first boom valve core and a second boom valve core, and the auxiliary valve includes a third boom valve core; the first boom valve core, the second boom valve core, and the third boom valve core are connected to the boom cylinder.

5. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main valve includes a first boom holding valve, and the auxiliary valve includes a third boom holding valve. The first boom holding valve and the third boom holding valve are connected to the boom cylinder.

6. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main valve includes a first stick holding valve, and the auxiliary valve includes a third stick holding valve. The first stick holding valve and the third stick holding valve are connected to the stick cylinder.

7. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic control system also includes an oil tank, which is connected to the return oil circuits of the main valve and the auxiliary valve.

8. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The auxiliary valve also includes a main relief valve, which is located in the oil line between the first main pump and the oil tank.

9. The excavator multi-pump confluence hydraulic control system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first main pump, the second main pump, and the third main pump are connected in parallel.

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