Crucible for smelting and smelting furnace
By designing the crucible for vacuum consumable arc melting, and adding an annular groove at the bottom of the ingot to match the upper ingot head, the problems of incomplete welding and hollow welding were solved, thereby improving stability and safety and reducing resource waste.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423228119.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-26
AI Technical Summary
In existing vacuum arc melting processes, ingots are prone to forming incomplete welds or hollow welds during remelting, resulting in insufficient electrode welding area, which affects product quality and poses safety hazards.
Design a smelting crucible comprising a crucible base and sidewalls. The base has a raised ring, the inner side of which is connected to the sidewall with a gap. The interior has a smooth circular pit structure, which increases the contact area by matching the annular groove at the bottom edge of the ingot with the concave structure at the top of the ingot. It is also equipped with a cooler.
It improves the stability and safety of ingot welding, avoids incomplete welding and hollow welding, increases production efficiency, reduces resource waste, and ensures the stability and safety of the smelting process.
Smart Images
Figure CN223550873U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vacuum consumable melting technology, and in particular to a crucible and melting furnace for melting. Background Technology
[0002] Vacuum self-consuming arc melting (VAR) is the most widely used method for producing titanium and titanium alloy ingots (hereinafter referred to as ingots). After sponge titanium and intermediate alloys are mixed, pressed, and welded into electrodes (or electrodes prepared by other methods), the finished ingots are generally obtained through 2 to 3 VAR melting processes.
[0003] Because the ingot diameter is larger than the electrode diameter in each VAR melting process, and the ingot density is greater than the pressed electrode density, the ingot length is significantly shortened after 2-3 VAR melting processes. The yield of the finished ingot after removing the riser is low. To improve production efficiency and yield, a common method is to produce a corresponding number of primary ingots from a certain number (x) of electrodes, then produce y secondary ingots from x primary ingots (y≤x, y=1 when remelting the finished ingot), and finally, one secondary ingot produces one tertiary ingot. This method is denoted as the "xy1" melting method. When the number of electrodes is greater than one, several melted ingots need to be combined and welded head-down and bottom-up during remelting to form remelting electrodes. If the welding area is small, some electrodes may detach and fall into the molten pool near the joint, adversely affecting the ingot quality. In severe cases, this can lead to ingot detachment accidents, seriously affecting product quality, and even causing cooling water to enter the crucible and resulting in a safety hazard.
[0004] In existing technology, the bottom of the ingot to be welded is flat, while the head shrinks during the cooling and solidification process of the molten pool, forming a concave core. During welding, the edge area, being closer, easily ignites and melts, producing molten material that tends to flow along the outer side of the lower part of the ingot. However, the core area, being farther away, produces less or no molten material, resulting in incomplete welds or even hollow welds where contact is impossible, leading to insufficient electrode welding area. While machining a flattened end can improve the flatness of the ingot head, this method is wasteful of materials and resources, making it uneconomical, and the risk of molten material flowing out during welding remains. Utility Model Content
[0005] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a smelting crucible and smelting furnace that can solve the problem that when ingots smelted by existing crucibles are used as electrodes for welding during remelting, they are prone to forming incomplete welds or even failing to make contact, resulting in hollow welds and insufficient electrode welding area.
[0006] On the one hand, this utility model provides a smelting crucible, which includes a crucible base and a crucible sidewall. The crucible base and the crucible sidewall are fixedly connected and together form an inner cavity. The upper surface of the crucible base is provided with a raised ring, which is located inside the inner cavity. There is a gap between the outer side of the ring and the inner wall of the crucible sidewall.
[0007] Furthermore, the width W2 of the ring is 20mm to 80mm.
[0008] Furthermore, the height H1 of the ring is 3mm to 8mm.
[0009] Furthermore, the distance W1 between the ring and the inner wall of the crucible sidewall is 20mm to 60mm.
[0010] Furthermore, the interior of the ring is composed of smooth circular pits.
[0011] Furthermore, the height of the edge of the circular pit from the upper surface of the ring is H2, and the height of the bottom of the circular pit from the upper surface of the ring is H3, where H3>H2 and H3>H1.
[0012] Furthermore, the height H2 of the edge of the circular pit from the upper surface of the ring is 0mm to 5mm.
[0013] Furthermore, the height H3 of the bottom of the circular pit from the upper surface of the ring is 3mm to 10mm.
[0014] Furthermore, the smelting crucible also includes a cooler, which is installed on the outer side of the crucible's sidewall.
[0015] This utility model also provides a smelting furnace, which includes the above-mentioned smelting crucible.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:
[0017] (1) The ingot produced by the smelting crucible of this utility model has an annular groove near the bottom edge. The inner edge of the groove to the bottom center is an arc-shaped protrusion. This is used as the lower ingot. The structure of the middle protrusion matches the concave structure of the upper ingot head to be welded, increasing the contact area. The annular groove can prevent the molten metal from flowing out along the edge during the welding process, avoiding false welding and hollow welding, thus ensuring the welding area and achieving the purpose of improving the stability of the smelting process and safe production.
[0018] (2) The ingots produced by the smelting crucible of this utility model can be directly used for welding with other ingots without the need for machining, thus avoiding waste of resources. The method is simple and easy to implement, which can greatly improve production efficiency.
[0019] (3) The beneficial effects of the smelting furnace of this utility model are the same as those of the crucible used for smelting, and will not be repeated here.
[0020] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages will become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from the description and accompanying drawings, which are particularly pointed out. Attached Figure Description
[0021] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the smelting crucible of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the smelting crucible of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the crucible base of the smelting crucible of this utility model.
[0025] Figure label:
[0026] 1-Crucible base, 2-Crucible sidewall, 3-Inner cavity, 4-Ring, 5-Circular pit. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0028] In existing technologies, the bottom of the ingot to be welded is flat, while the head shrinks during the cooling and solidification process of the molten pool, forming a concave core. During welding, the edge portion, being closer, easily ignites and melts, producing molten metal that tends to flow along the outer side of the lower part of the ingot. However, the core portion, being farther away, produces less or no molten metal, resulting in incomplete welds or even hollow welds where contact is impossible, leading to insufficient electrode welding area. While machining a flattened end can improve the flatness of the ingot head, this method is wasteful of materials and resources, making it uneconomical, and the risk of molten metal flowing out during welding remains.
[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this utility model provides a smelting crucible, including a crucible base 1 and a crucible sidewall 2. The crucible base 1 and the crucible sidewall 2 are fixedly connected, and the crucible base 1 and the crucible sidewall 2 together form an inner cavity 3. The upper surface of the crucible base 1 is provided with a protruding ring 4, which is located inside the inner cavity 3. There is a gap between the outer side of the ring 4 and the inner wall of the crucible sidewall 2.
[0030] like Figure 3 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the crucible base. Considering that an excessively large width W2 of the ring 4 would lead to a smaller weld center structure, and that the groove would hold more molten metal during welding of the molten ingot, a low molten metal level would easily result in a weak weld, while an excessively small width W2 would result in the groove holding less molten metal during welding of the molten ingot, failing to prevent molten metal from flowing away, the width W2 of the ring 4 is controlled to be between 20mm and 80mm, for example, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, or 70mm.
[0031] Considering that if the height H1 of ring 4 is too large, the groove can hold more molten material during welding of the molten ingot, and a small liquid level can easily lead to incomplete welds; if H1 is too small, the groove can hold less molten material during welding of the molten ingot, and it will not be able to prevent molten material from flowing. Therefore, the height H1 of ring 4 is controlled to be 3mm to 8mm, for example, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, or 7mm.
[0032] Considering that an excessively large distance W1 between the outer side of the ring 4 and the inner wall of the crucible sidewall 2 could lead to a smaller critical structure at the welding center, resulting in a negligible increase in the ingot welding area, and that during the initial melting stage when the molten metal in the pool reaches the edge of the crucible, the crucible wall temperature is low due to continuous cooling by the circulating water, and the surface of the molten metal pool has already partially solidified when the molten metal approaches the crucible sidewall; an excessively small distance W1 might cause the molten metal to spread unevenly, ultimately resulting in a lack of corresponding ingot edge structure. Therefore, W1 is controlled to be between 20mm and 60mm, for example, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, or 60mm. Considering that the upper ingot welding surface to be welded needs to be a convex structure, the interior of the ring 4 is controlled to be a smooth circular pit 5.
[0033] Specifically, the interior of ring 4 is an arc-shaped depression.
[0034] Specifically, the height of the edge of the circular pit from the upper surface of the ring 4 is H2, and the height of the bottom of the circular pit 5 from the upper surface of the ring 4 is H3, where H3>H2 and H3>H1.
[0035] Specifically, the value of H2 is 0mm to 5mm, for example, 0mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm.
[0036] Considering that the bottom depth of the circular pit 5 is too large, the height of the weld surface protrusion of the molten ingot is too large. If it exceeds the depth of the upper ingot pit, it will be difficult for the upper ingot to be placed stably on it. Furthermore, the incomplete melting of the weld surface protrusion will lead to a reduction in the weld area. Therefore, the value of H3 can be controlled between 3mm and 10mm, for example, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, and 9mm.
[0037] Specifically, the aforementioned smelting crucible also includes a cooling device, which is installed on the outer side of the crucible sidewall 2.
[0038] This utility model also provides a smelting furnace, which includes the above-mentioned smelting crucible, and the smelting crucible is installed inside the smelting furnace.
[0039] Compared with the prior art, the ingot produced by the smelting crucible of this utility model has an annular groove near the bottom edge, and the inner edge of the groove to the bottom center is an arc-shaped protrusion, which serves as the lower ingot. The structure of the middle protrusion matches the concave structure of the upper ingot head to be welded, increasing the contact area. The annular groove can prevent the molten metal from flowing out along the edge during the welding process, avoiding incomplete welding and hollow welding, thus ensuring the welding area and achieving the purpose of improving the stability of the smelting process and safe production.
[0040] Example 1
[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a smelting crucible, including a crucible base 1 and a crucible sidewall 2. The crucible base 1 and the crucible sidewall 2 are fixedly connected, and the crucible base 1 and the crucible sidewall 2 together form an inner cavity 3. The upper surface of the crucible base 1 is provided with a protruding ring 4, which is located inside the inner cavity 3. There is a gap between the outer side of the ring 4 and the inner wall of the crucible sidewall 2.
[0042] like Figure 3 The figure shown is a cross-sectional view of the crucible base, and the width W2 of the ring 4 is 50 mm.
[0043] The height H1 of ring 4 is 3mm.
[0044] The distance W1 between the ring 4 and the inner wall of the crucible sidewall 2 is 30 mm.
[0045] The interior of the control ring 4 is a smooth circular pit 5.
[0046] Specifically, the height of the edge of the circular pit from the upper surface of the ring 4 is H2, and the height of the bottom of the circular pit 5 from the upper surface of the ring 4 is H3. The value of H2 is 2mm, and the value of H3 is 5mm.
[0047] Specifically, the aforementioned smelting crucible also includes a cooler, which is installed on the outer side of the crucible sidewall 2.
[0048] The ingot produced using the smelting crucible of this invention has a structure with a central convexity and an annular groove near the edge. When used as the lower ingot, the central convexity matches the concave structure of the upper ingot head to be welded, increasing the contact area. The annular groove can prevent molten metal from flowing out along the edge during welding, avoiding incomplete welding and hollow welding, thus ensuring the welding area and achieving the purpose of improving the stability of the smelting process and safe production.
[0049] Example 2
[0050] This embodiment provides a smelting furnace, which includes the smelting crucible of Embodiment 1 above, and the smelting crucible is installed inside the smelting furnace.
[0051] The beneficial effects of using the smelting furnace in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A smelting crucible, characterized in that, The smelting crucible includes a crucible base (1) and a crucible sidewall (2). The crucible base (1) is fixedly connected to the crucible sidewall (2), and the crucible base (1) and the crucible sidewall (2) together form an inner cavity (3). The upper surface of the crucible base (1) is provided with a protruding ring (4), which is located inside the inner cavity (3). There is a gap between the outer side of the ring (4) and the inner wall of the crucible sidewall (2).
2. The smelting crucible according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width W2 of the ring (4) is 20mm to 80mm.
3. The smelting crucible according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height H1 of the ring (4) is 3mm to 8mm.
4. The smelting crucible according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance W1 between the ring (4) and the inner wall of the crucible sidewall (2) is 20mm to 60mm.
5. The smelting crucible according to claim 4, characterized in that, The interior of the ring (4) is a smooth circular pit (5).
6. The smelting crucible according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance from the edge of the circular pit to the upper surface of the circular ring (4) is H2, and the distance from the bottom of the circular pit (5) to the upper surface of the circular ring (4) is H3, where H3>H2 and H3>H1.
7. The smelting crucible according to claim 6, characterized in that, The height H2 of the edge of the circular pit from the upper surface of the circular ring (4) is 0mm to 5mm.
8. The smelting crucible according to claim 6, characterized in that, The height H3 of the bottom of the circular pit (5) from the upper surface of the circular ring (4) is 3mm to 10mm.
9. The smelting crucible according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The smelting crucible also includes a cooling device, which is installed on the outside of the crucible sidewall (2).
10. A smelting furnace, characterized in that, The smelting furnace includes the smelting crucible as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.