Integrated anode nozzle for plasma arc pulverization

Abstract

An integrated anode nozzle for plasma arc pulverization relates to the technical field of metal powder preparation equipment and comprises a shell, a cooling mechanism and a Laval nozzle. The shell is of a columnar hollow structure, the shell is composed of a main body part and an installation part, the main body part is fixedly sleeved with the installation part, and the outer side face of the installation part is correspondingly welded to the generator; a cooling mechanism is arranged in the main body part; a Laval nozzle is fixedly arranged in a hollow cavity of the shell in a matched mode. Plasma can be kept concentrated, and the temperature of a plasma convergent point can be maximized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to metal powder preparation equipment technical field, specifically to a kind of integral type anode nozzle for plasma arc powder. BACKGROUND

[0002] Plasma arc powder technology is a method that high-temperature plasma melts metal or alloy and atomizes into fine particles by gas, which is widely used in manufacturing high-quality metal powder for 3D printing, thermal spraying, powder metallurgy and other fields. In this process, the anode nozzle is one of the key components, which is usually made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant materials such as copper alloy or ceramic. The design of the anode nozzle is crucial for the stability of the plasma arc and the quality of the powder.

[0003] Traditional nozzles are independent of the plasma generator and are installed on the generator by screwing. This results in a longer plasma flame length and a decay in tail temperature. In addition, high precision is required, and if the center point is not consistent with the outflow point, the plasma will directly hit the nozzle, reducing the service life of the nozzle.

[0004] In addition, since the nozzle is not integrated with the generator, it cannot be cooled by the generator's water cooling pipe, which often causes overheating and failure of the nozzle. Moreover, the nozzle needs to be screwed into the generator, and the generator has a water cooling pipe, so the diameter of the connection part of the generator needs to be larger than the diameter of the nozzle. When multiple generators are used together, the spacing between the nozzles of each generator is too large, and the temperature of the plasma convergence point is difficult to maximize.

[0005] Chinese patent CN219372648U discloses a jet plasma torch with Laval nozzle. The Laval nozzle is used to improve the plasma flame and increase the flow rate when the flow rate of the torch is not sufficient. However, when multiple generators are used together, the temperature of the plasma convergence point is still difficult to maximize.

[0006] Therefore, we propose a nozzle that can keep the plasma concentrated and maximize the temperature of the plasma convergence point. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0007] The utility model aims to provide a kind of integral type anode nozzle for plasma arc powder, which can keep the plasma concentrated and maximize the temperature of the plasma convergence point.

[0008] The utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] An integrated anode nozzle for plasma arc powder production comprises a shell, a cooling mechanism and a Laval nozzle; the shell is a hollow columnar structure and comprises a main body and a mounting portion, the mounting portion is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the main body, and the outer surface of the mounting portion is welded to the generator;

[0010] The main body is internally provided with the cooling mechanism;

[0011] The Laval nozzle is fixedly arranged in the hollow cavity of the shell.

[0012] Further, the outer surface of the mounting portion is fixedly provided with a welding ring.

[0013] Further, the cooling mechanism is a spiral cooling fin.

[0014] Further, two medium flow channels are arranged between the main body and the mounting portion, the surface of the main body is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove is in communication with the two medium flow channels, and the cooling mechanism is partially located in the annular groove.

[0015] Further, the cooling medium in the medium flow channels is cooling water.

[0016] Further, the Laval nozzle comprises a flow passage, an acceleration portion and a release portion, wherein the diameter of the junction between the flow passage and the acceleration portion and the diameter of the junction between the acceleration portion and the release portion are in a ratio of 2:1±0.2.

[0017] Further, the diameter of the junction between the acceleration portion and the release portion and the diameter of the outlet of the release portion are in a ratio of 1:1.5±0.1.

[0018] The technical scheme of the utility model has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0019] The utility model discloses an integrated anode nozzle for plasma arc powder production, and forms an integrated structure after being welded to the generator, so that the diameters of the generator and the nozzle can be consistent, thereby obviously reducing the spacing between the nozzles of the generators when the generators are used in cooperation subsequently, and further making the temperature of the plasma convergence point maximized.

[0020] The cooling mechanism can cool the Laval nozzle, thereby improving the cooling effect of the Laval nozzle, reducing the failure rate of the nozzle as a whole, and improving the working efficiency of the nozzle.

[0021] In addition, the circulating cooling medium in the medium flow channels and the annular groove can exchange heat with the cooling mechanism, thereby reducing the temperature of the cooling mechanism and further improving the cooling effect of the cooling mechanism on the Laval nozzle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The structure of the utility model is shown in the figure.

[0023] The figure shows: 1, shell; 11, main body part; 12, mounting part; 2, cooling mechanism; 3, Laval nozzle; 31, flow-through part; 32, acceleration part; 33, release part; 4, welding ring; 5, medium flow channel; 6, ring groove; 7, generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but only represents selected embodiments of the utility model. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] It should be noted that: similar signs and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0027] In the description of the utility model, it should be explained that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship of the product in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0028] In the description of the utility model, still need explaining, unless another explicit provision and limitation, if appearing term " setting " " installation " " link " " connection " should do broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or integrally connected;Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection;Can be directly connected, also can be indirectly connected through intermediate medium, can be two elements inside the communication。For ordinary skilled person in the art, can understand the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the utility model according to specific circumstances.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] Combined with the Figure 1 The integral anode nozzle for plasma arc powder production comprises a shell 1, a cooling mechanism 2 and a Laval nozzle 3;The shell 1 is provided as a cylindrical hollow structure, and the shell 1 is composed of a main body part 11 and a mounting part 12, wherein the diameter of the main body part 11 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the generator 7, and the diameter of the mounting part 12 is equal to the diameter of the generator 7, so that the mounting part 12 is fixedly connected to the main body part, and the mounting part 12 and the generator 7 are welded, so that the overall diameter between the generator 7 and the shell 1 is consistent, so that when multiple generators 7 are used subsequently, the spacing between the nozzles of each generator 7 is significantly reduced, and the temperature of the plasma convergence point can be maximized;

[0031] The mounting part 12 is fixedly sleeved outside the main body part 11, and the outer side of the mounting part 12 is welded corresponding to the generator 7, wherein the mounting part 12 and the main body part 11 are nested, and the connection between them is welded connection, realizing fixed connection, then the mounting part 12 and the generator 7 are welded, so that the generator 7 and the nozzle form an integral structure;

[0032] In addition, the outer side of the mounting part 12 is fixedly provided with a welding ring 4;

[0033] The main body part 11 is built-in with the cooling mechanism 2, which can cool the Laval nozzle 3, thereby improving the cooling effect of the Laval nozzle 3, reducing the failure rate of the nozzle as a whole, and thereby improving the working efficiency of the nozzle;

[0034] The cooling mechanism 2 is a spiral fin, wherein the spiral structure greatly increases the surface area of the fin, thereby improving the efficiency of heat transfer, and more surface area means more contact points, which can more effectively transfer heat from the heat source to the surrounding environment; and the spiral shape helps to guide air flow, forming a more uniform airflow, which can reduce airflow resistance and increase the flow rate of air, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect; in addition, due to the increase in surface area and optimization of airflow, the spiral fin can significantly reduce thermal resistance, and low thermal resistance means that heat can be transferred from the heat source to the fin and then from the fin to the air more quickly, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency;

[0035] The hollow cavity of the shell 1 is fitted and fixed with a Laval nozzle 3, which can keep the plasma concentrated and output, thereby improving the powder making efficiency of the nozzle;

[0036] In addition, the Laval nozzle 3 includes a flow-through part 31, an acceleration part 32, and a release part 33, wherein the diameter ratio of the junction between the flow-through part and the acceleration part 32 to the junction between the acceleration part 32 and the release part 33 is 2:1±0.2, which design allows the gas to quickly reach the critical speed, i.e., the speed of sound, when entering the acceleration part 32, thereby laying the foundation for subsequent supersonic flow, and the optimal choice is 2:1; in particular, the diameter ratio of the junction between the acceleration part 32 and the release part 33 to the diameter of the outlet of the release part 33 is 1:1.5±0.1, which ensures that the gas can be further accelerated to supersonic speed in the release part 33 after reaching the speed of sound in the acceleration part 32, thereby maximizing the jet speed and momentum, and the optimal choice is 1:1.5;

[0037] The structure design of the Laval nozzle 3 can ensure smooth transition of the plasma arc between the acceleration part 32 and the release part 33, avoiding shock waves and turbulence in the flow, thereby maintaining stable supersonic flow; by precisely controlling the diameter ratio of each part, the Laval nozzle 3 can maximize the jet speed and momentum of the plasma arc, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire system, which can significantly improve the atomization effect and quality of the powder during the plasma arc powder making process; and the optimized geometric design reduces the energy loss of the plasma arc during the flow process, especially at the junction between the acceleration part 32 and the release part 33, which helps to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the entire system and reduce unnecessary energy waste; in addition, the design parameters of the Laval nozzle 3 can be adjusted according to different application requirements, for example, by changing the diameter ratio of the acceleration part 32 and the release part 33, the properties and operating conditions of different gases can be adapted to achieve the best jet effect.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Two medium flow channels 5 are arranged between the main body part 11 and the mounting part 12, and a ring groove 6 is arranged on the surface of the main body part 11, the ring groove 6 is communicated with the two medium flow channels 5; the cooling mechanism 2 is partially arranged in the ring groove 6;

[0040] The cooling medium flows into the ring groove 6 through one of the medium flow channels 5, and then flows out from the other medium flow channel 5, so that the cooling circulation is realized, and the cooling medium can exchange heat with the cooling mechanism 2 in the circulation process, thereby reducing the temperature of the cooling mechanism 2, and further improving the cooling effect of the cooling mechanism 2 on the Laval nozzle 3.

[0041] Particularly, the cooling medium in the medium flow channel 5 is cooling water.

[0042] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, and the present application can have various changes and variations for the person skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated anode nozzle for plasma arc powder making, comprising a housing (1), a cooling mechanism (2), and a Laval nozzle (3); the housing (1) is configured as a columnar hollow structure, and the housing (1) is composed of a main body (11) and a mounting part (12), the mounting part (12) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the main body (11), and the outer side of the mounting part (12) is welded to the generator (7); The main body (11) has a built-in cooling mechanism (2); The Laval nozzle (3) is fixedly installed inside the hollow cavity of the housing (1).

2. The integrated anode nozzle for plasma arc powder production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A welding ring (4) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the mounting part (12).

3. The integrated anode nozzle for plasma arc powder production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism (2) is a spiral heat sink.

4. The integrated anode nozzle for plasma arc powder production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two medium flow channels (5) are provided between the main body (11) and the mounting part (12). The surface of the main body (11) is provided with an annular groove (6), which is connected to the two medium flow channels (5). The cooling mechanism (2) is located in the annular groove (6).

5. The integrated anode nozzle for plasma arc powder production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling medium in the medium flow channel (5) is cooling water.

6. The integrated anode nozzle for plasma arc powder production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Laval nozzle (3) includes a flow section (31), an acceleration section (32) and a release section (33), wherein the diameter of the junction of the flow section and the acceleration section (32) is in the ratio of 2:1±0.2 to the diameter of the junction of the acceleration section (32) and the release section (33).

7. The integrated anode nozzle for plasma arc powder production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameter of the junction between the acceleration section (32) and the release section (33) is in the ratio of 1:1.5±0.1 to the diameter of the outlet of the release section (33).

Images