Layered distribution vacuum freeze dryer

Abstract

The utility model relates to a layered distribution vacuum freeze dryer, the working principle of the freeze dryer is mainly based on three steps of pre-freezing, sublimation and analysis, a pre-freezing bin receives cold air of a refrigerating main machine of a refrigerating machine through a bin main body to quickly freeze a to-be-dried substance at low temperature to form solid ice crystals, and a layered drying pipe can depend on a vacuum device, so that the drying efficiency is improved. A vacuum environment is formed in an inner cavity of the layered drying pipe, under the vacuum environment and the temperature monitoring of a temperature sensor, a heater enables a heating wire to conduct heating, ice crystals directly sublimate into water vapor instead of passing through a liquid state, the temperature in the layered drying pipe is further increased, and a small amount of water combined on the surface of a substance is removed; the layered drying pipe adopts a step-by-step vacuumizing mode, so that the defect that the traditional vacuum freeze drying equipment is relatively high in energy consumption is overcome.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of freeze dryers, in particular to a layer-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the improvement of production technology, more and more fresh fruits and vegetables can be processed, and in the deep processing technology of fruits and vegetables, vacuum freeze drying is a high-efficiency and high-value fresh fruit and vegetable deep processing technology. At present, the energy consumption of the vacuum freeze drying equipment is high, and the high-energy consumption of the vacuum freeze drying equipment has a great influence on the economic profitability and competitiveness of the vacuum freeze drying technology. The vacuum freeze drying equipment needs to be vacuumized to realize the overflow and separation of fruit and vegetable water vapor. The traditional vacuum freeze drying equipment has a large vacuumizing chamber, resulting in large energy loss. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a layer-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer in view of the defects of high energy consumption of the traditional vacuum freeze drying equipment. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a layer-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer in view of the defects of large vacuumizing chamber and high energy consumption of the traditional vacuum freeze drying equipment.

[0004] The application relates to a layer-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer, which comprises:

[0005] A pre-freezing bin comprises a bin main body, an inlet bin and an outlet bin, the bin main body is arranged between the inlet bin and the outlet bin, the inlet bin is fixedly connected with the bin main body, the inlet bin and the bin main body are in mutual conduction, the outlet bin is fixedly connected with the bin main body, and the outlet bin and the bin main body are in mutual conduction;

[0006] A refrigeration machine comprises a refrigeration main machine, a cold air outlet pipe and a cold air inlet pipe, the refrigeration main machine is in conduction with the cold air outlet pipe, the refrigeration main machine is in conduction with the cold air inlet pipe, the cold air outlet pipe is in conduction with the outlet bin, and the cold air inlet pipe is in conduction with the inlet bin;

[0007] A layer-type drying pipe is in conduction with the outlet bin, and the central axis of the layer-type drying pipe is perpendicular to the ground;

[0008] A heater comprises a temperature sensor and a heating wire, the temperature sensor is arranged in the inner cavity of the layer-type drying pipe, and the heating wire is arranged around the inner wall of the layer-type drying pipe;

[0009] A vacuum device is in conduction with the layer-type drying pipe.

[0010] The application relates to a layer-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer. The working principle of the freeze dryer mainly comprises three steps of pre-freezing, sublimation and analysis. The pre-freezing bin utilizes the cold air of a refrigeration main machine of a refrigeration machine to rapidly freeze the material to be dried at low temperature, and forms solid ice crystals. The layer-type drying pipe can rely on a vacuum device to form a vacuum environment in the inner cavity of the layer-type drying pipe. Under the vacuum environment, the heater is heated under the temperature monitoring of the temperature sensor, so that the heating wire is heated, and the ice crystals are directly sublimated into water vapor without passing through the liquid state. The temperature in the layer-type drying pipe is further increased to remove a small amount of water combined on the surface of the material. The freeze dryer removes the water in the material by using low temperature and low pressure, and keeps the original properties and appearance. The freeze drying machine is a process of rapidly freezing the material at low temperature, and then making the frozen water molecules directly sublimated into water vapor and escaping in a proper vacuum environment. The freeze dryer is composed of a refrigeration machine, a vacuum device, a heater, and an electric instrument control system. The layer-type drying pipe adopts a step-by-step vacuumizing mode to solve the defect of high energy consumption of traditional vacuum freeze drying equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of a layer-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer is provided for an embodiment of the application.

[0012] Figure 2 A connection relationship schematic diagram among a layer-type drying pipe, a heater and a telescopic device of a layer-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer is provided for an embodiment of the application.

[0013] REFERENCE SIGNS:

[0014] 100-pre-freezing bin; 110-bin main body; 111-sealing shell; 112-conveying belt; 113-support;

[0015] 114-conveying body; 115-material separating plate; 120-feeding bin part; 130-bin discharging part; 200-refrigeration machine;

[0016] 210-refrigeration main machine; 220-cold air outlet pipe; 230-cold air inlet pipe; 300-layer-type drying pipe;

[0017] 310-pipe body; 311-first pipe body; 312-second pipe body; 313-third pipe body;

[0018] 314-first annular sleeve; 315-second annular sleeve; 316-connection rod; 317-third annular sleeve;

[0019] 318-fourth annular sleeve; 319-rotation rod; 320-first sealing plate; 330-second sealing plate;

[0020] 340 - first layer sealing plate; 350 - second layer sealing plate; 360 - first card holder; 370 - second card holder;

[0021] 380 - third card holder; 400 - heater; 410 - temperature sensor; 420 - heating wire;

[0022] 500 - telescopic device; 600 - vacuum device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not used to limit the present application.

[0024] The present application provides a layer-type distributed vacuum freeze-drying machine.

[0025] As shown in the drawings, in an embodiment of the present application, a layer-type distributed vacuum freeze-drying machine comprises a pre-freezing bin 100, a refrigeration machine 200, a layer-type drying tube 300, a heater 400 and a vacuum device 600. Figure 1 The pre-freezing bin 100 comprises a bin body 110, an inlet bin 120 and an outlet bin 130, the bin body 110 is arranged between the inlet bin 120 and the outlet bin 130, the inlet bin 120 is fixedly connected with the bin body 110, the inlet bin 120 and the bin body 110 are in communication with each other, the outlet bin 130 is fixedly connected with the bin body 110, and the outlet bin 130 and the bin body 110 are in communication with each other.

[0026] The refrigeration machine 200 comprises a refrigeration main machine 210, a cold air outlet pipe 220 and a cold air inlet pipe 230, the refrigeration main machine 210 is in communication with the cold air outlet pipe 220, the refrigeration main machine 210 is in communication with the cold air inlet pipe 230, the cold air outlet pipe 220 is in communication with the outlet bin 130, and the cold air inlet pipe 230 is in communication with the inlet bin 120.

[0027] The layer-type drying tube 300 is in communication with the outlet bin 130, and the central axis of the layer-type drying tube 300 is perpendicular to the ground.

[0028] The heater 400 comprises a temperature sensor 410 and a heating wire 420, the temperature sensor 410 is arranged in the inner cavity of the layer-type drying tube 300, and the heating wire 420 is wound around the inner wall of the layer-type drying tube 300.

[0029] The vacuum device is in communication with the layer-type drying tube 300.

[0030] The vacuum device is in communication with the layer-type drying tube 300.

[0031] This application relates to a layered vacuum freeze dryer. The working principle of the freeze dryer is mainly based on three steps: pre-freezing, sublimation, and desorption. The pre-freezing chamber 100 uses the main body 110 to receive cold air from the refrigeration unit 210 of the refrigerator 200 to rapidly freeze the material to be dried at a low temperature, forming solid ice crystals. The layered drying tube 300 can rely on a vacuum device 600 to create a vacuum environment within its cavity. In this vacuum environment, the heater 400, under the temperature monitoring of the temperature sensor 410, heats the heating wire 420, causing the ice crystals to directly sublimate into water vapor without passing through a liquid state. The temperature is further increased within the layered drying tube 300 to remove the small amount of moisture bound to the surface of the material. The freeze dryer uses low temperature and low pressure to remove moisture from the material, maintaining its original properties and appearance. The process involves rapidly freezing the material to be dried at a low temperature, and then, under a suitable vacuum environment, causing the frozen water molecules to directly sublimate into water vapor and escape. The freeze dryer consists of a refrigerator 200, a vacuum device 600, a heater 400, and an electrical instrumentation control system. The 300 layer drying tube solves the problem of high energy consumption in traditional vacuum freeze drying equipment by using a step-by-step vacuuming method.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the main body 110 of the storage compartment includes a sealing shell 111 and a conveyor belt 112. The sealing shell 111 is disposed on the ground. The conveyor belt 112 includes a support 113 and a conveying body 114. The support 113 is disposed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealing shell 111. The support 113 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealing shell 111. The conveying body 114 is disposed at the top of the conveyor support 113. One end of the conveying body 114 is disposed near the inlet section 120. The other end of the conveying body 114 is disposed near the outlet section 130.

[0033] Specifically, the sealed housing 111 can accommodate the cold air generated by the refrigeration unit 210 of the refrigeration unit 200. The conveyor belt 112 is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealed housing 111.

[0034] The conveyor belt 112 includes a support 113 and a conveyor body 114. The support 113 can support the conveyor body 114, reduce the contact area between the conveyor body 114 and the sealing shell 111, and thus reduce the friction force on the conveyor body 114 when the conveyor body 114 is conveying the material to be frozen.

[0035] One end of the conveying body 114 is arranged close to the inlet bin 120, and the other end of the conveying body 114 is arranged close to the outlet bin 130. The conveying body 114 can send the material to be frozen in the inlet bin 120 into the bin body 110, and as the material to be frozen moves inside the bin body 110, the temperature of the material to be frozen is lowered, and the conveying body 114 can transport the bin body 110 to the outlet bin 130.

[0036] As shown in the embodiment of the present application, the bin body 110 further comprises a material separating plate 115. The material separating plate 115 is arranged at the top end of the conveying body 114. The material separating plate 115 is arranged between the outlet bin 130 and the conveying body 114. The angle between the arrangement direction of the material separating plate 115 and the conveying direction of the conveying belt of the conveying body 114 is greater than or equal to 15 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees. The material separating plate 115 is perpendicular to the ground. Figure 1 Specifically, the material separating plate 115 is arranged at the top end of the conveying body 114. The vertical material separating plate 115 spans the outlet bin 130 and the conveying body 114, and the angle between the arrangement direction of the material separating plate 115 and the conveying direction of the conveying belt of the conveying body 114 is greater than or equal to 15 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees. The material separating plate 115 can guide the material from the conveying body 114 to the outlet bin 130.

[0037] As shown in the embodiment of the present application, the layer drying pipe 300 comprises a pipe body 310, a first sealing plate 320 and a second sealing plate 330. The pipe body 310 comprises a first pipe body 311, a second pipe body 312 and a third pipe body 313. The first pipe body 311, the second pipe body 312 and the third pipe body 313 are sequentially fixedly connected. The inner cavity of the first pipe body 311, the inner cavity of the second pipe body 312 and the inner cavity of the third pipe body 313 are sequentially communicated. The first sealing plate 320 is arranged between the first pipe body 311 and the second pipe body 312. The second sealing plate 330 is arranged between the second pipe body 312 and the third pipe body 313.

[0038] Figure 2 Specifically, the pipe body 310 comprises a first pipe body 311, a second pipe body 312 and a third pipe body 313. The first pipe body 311, the first sealing plate 320, the second pipe body 312, the second sealing plate 330 and the third pipe body 313 are sequentially arranged.

[0039] Specifically, the pipe body 310 comprises a first pipe body 311, a second pipe body 312 and a third pipe body 313. The first pipe body 311, the first sealing plate 320, the second pipe body 312, the second sealing plate 330 and the third pipe body 313 are sequentially arranged.

[0040] ​The first sealing plate 320 divides the first tube 311 and the second tube 312 into sections, reducing the volume of the working target for vacuuming between the different tubes. The power required for vacuuming the first tube 311 is less than that required for vacuuming the second tube 312. By dividing the tubes, the vacuuming power can be wasted.

[0041] The second sealing plate 330 divides the third tube 313 and the second tube 312 into sections, reducing the volume of the working target for vacuuming between the different tubes. The power required for vacuuming the third tube 313 is less than that required for vacuuming the second tube 312. By dividing the tubes, the vacuuming power can be wasted.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the layered drying tube 300 further includes a first sealing plate 340. The first sealing plate 340 is disposed at the bottom of the first tube body 311. A first annular sleeve 314 is fixedly connected to the edge of the first sealing plate 340. A second annular sleeve 315 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first tube body 311. A connecting rod 316 is sleeved on the inner ring portion of the first annular sleeve 314. The connecting rod 316 is sleeved on the inner ring portion of the second annular sleeve 315.

[0043] Specifically, the first sealing plate 340 can be connected to the first tube body 311 via the first annular sleeve 314 and the second annular sleeve 315, and the first sealing plate 340 can rotate around the connecting rod 316.

[0044] Simply put, the first annular sleeve 314 and the second annular sleeve 315 are both fitted onto the outer circumference of the connecting rod 316, and the first sealing plate 340 can rotate around the connecting rod 316, thereby realizing the structural action of the first sealing plate 340 to open and seal the bottom of the first tube 311.

[0045] In one embodiment of this application, the layered drying tube 300 further includes a second sealing plate 350. The second sealing plate 350 is disposed at the top of the third tube body 313. A third annular sleeve 317 is fixedly connected to the edge of the second sealing plate 350. A fourth annular sleeve 318 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second tube body 312. A rotating rod 319 is sleeved on the inner ring portion of the third annular sleeve 317. The rotating rod 319 is sleeved on the inner ring portion of the fourth annular sleeve 318.

[0046] Specifically, the second sealing plate 350 can be connected to the third tube body 313 via the third annular sleeve 317 and the fourth annular sleeve 318, and the first sealing plate 340 can rotate around the connecting rod 316.

[0047] Briefly, the third annular sleeve 317 and the fourth annular sleeve 318 are sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating rod 319, and the second layer of sealing plates 350 can rotate relative to each other around the rotating rod 319, thereby realizing the structural action of the second layer of sealing plates 350 to open and seal the top of the third pipe body 313.

[0048] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2 In an embodiment of the present application, the first pipe body 311 is provided with a first clamping device 360. The first clamping device 360 is arranged on the inner cavity wall of the first pipe body 311. The second pipe body 312 is provided with a second clamping device 370. The second clamping device 370 is arranged on the inner cavity wall of the second pipe body 312. The third pipe body 313 is provided with a third clamping device 380. The third clamping device 380 is arranged on the inner cavity wall of the third pipe body 313.

[0049] Specifically, the first clamping device 360 is arranged on the inner cavity wall of the first pipe body 311, and can limit the material to be freeze-dried on the inner cavity wall of the first pipe body 311. The second clamping device 370 is arranged on the inner cavity wall of the second pipe body 312, and can limit the material to be freeze-dried on the inner cavity wall of the second pipe body 312. The third clamping device 380 is arranged on the inner cavity wall of the third pipe body 313, and can limit the material to be freeze-dried on the inner cavity wall of the third pipe body 313.

[0050] The required vacuum pressure difference for preliminary sublimation under high humidity is small, and this part of the process is completed in the inner cavity of the first pipe body 311. The required vacuum pressure difference for sublimation under low humidity is large, and this part of the process is completed in the inner cavity of the second pipe body 312. The required vacuum pressure difference for analysis is small, and this part of the process is completed in the inner cavity of the third pipe body 313. By partitioning, the effect of energy saving can be achieved, thereby solving the defect of high energy consumption of traditional vacuum freeze-drying equipment.

[0051] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2 In an embodiment of the present application, the inner cavity of the first pipe body 311 and the vacuum device 600 are in communication with each other. The inner cavity of the second pipe body 312 and the vacuum device 600 are in communication with each other. The inner cavity of the third pipe body 313 and the vacuum device 600 are in communication with each other.

[0052] Specifically, the vacuum device 600 is in communication with the inner cavity of the first pipe body 311, the inner cavity of the second pipe body 312, and the inner cavity of the third pipe body 313, respectively, and can realize the use of different partitioning and different vacuum power.

[0053] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2As shown, in an embodiment of the present application, the horizontal height of the bottom surface of the first tube body 311 is greater than the horizontal height of the top surface of the conveying body 114. The layer drying tube 300 further comprises an extender 500. The extender 500 is fixedly connected to the ground. The central axis of the extender 500 coincides with the central axis of the layer drying tube 300.

[0054] Specifically, the telescopic rod of the extender 500 can reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the ground.

[0055] The telescopic rod of the extender 500 can push the material from the discharge section 130 to the first tube body 311, the second tube body 312 and the third tube body 313. The horizontal height of the bottom surface of the first tube body 311 is greater than the horizontal height of the top surface of the conveying body 114, and the difference between the horizontal height of the bottom surface of the first tube body 311 and the horizontal height of the top surface of the conveying body 114 is greater than or equal to the height of the material.

[0056] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner, and the method steps are not limited in execution order. In order to make the description simple, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not contradict, they should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0057] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A shelf-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer characterized by, The application relates to a pre-freezing warehouse, a refrigerator, a layer drying pipe, a heater and a vacuum device. The pre-freezing warehouse comprises a warehouse main body, an inlet part and an outlet part, the inlet part is fixedly connected with the warehouse main body, the inlet part and the warehouse main body are in communication with each other, the outlet part is fixedly connected with the warehouse main body, and the outlet part and the warehouse main body are in communication with each other. The refrigerator comprises a refrigerator main machine, a cold air outlet pipe and a cold air inlet pipe, the refrigerator main machine is in communication with the cold air outlet pipe, the refrigerator main machine is in communication with the cold air inlet pipe, the cold air outlet pipe is in communication with the outlet part, and the cold air inlet pipe is in communication with the inlet part. The layer drying pipe is in communication with the outlet part, and the central axis of the layer drying pipe is perpendicular to the ground. The heater comprises a temperature sensor and a heating wire, the temperature sensor is arranged in the inner cavity of the layer drying pipe, and the heating wire is arranged around the inner wall of the layer drying pipe. The vacuum device is in communication with the layer drying pipe.

2. The shelf-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 1, characterized by, The warehouse main body comprises a sealing shell and a conveying belt. The sealing shell is arranged on the ground. The conveying belt comprises a support and a conveying body. The support is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealing shell. The support is fixedly connected with the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealing shell. The conveying body is arranged at the top end of the support. One end of the conveying body is arranged close to the inlet part. The other end of the conveying body is arranged close to the outlet part.

3. The shelf-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The warehouse main body further comprises a material separating plate. The material separating plate is arranged at the top end of the conveying body. The material separating plate is arranged between the outlet part and the conveying body. The included angle between the arrangement direction of the material separating plate and the conveying belt advancing direction of the conveying body is greater than or equal to 15 degrees and smaller than or equal to 20 degrees. The material separating plate is perpendicular to the ground.

4. The shelf-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The layer drying pipe comprises a pipe body, a first sealing plate and a second sealing plate. The pipe body comprises a first pipe body, a second pipe body and a third pipe body. The first pipe body, the second pipe body and the third pipe body are fixedly connected in sequence. The inner cavities of the first pipe body, the second pipe body and the third pipe body are in communication in sequence. The first sealing plate is arranged between the first pipe body and the second pipe body. The second sealing plate is arranged between the second pipe body and the third pipe body.

5. The shelf-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The layer drying pipe further comprises a first layer sealing plate. The first layer sealing plate is arranged at the bottom of the first pipe body. The edge of the first layer sealing plate is fixedly connected with a first annular sleeve. The bottom of the first pipe body is fixedly connected with a second annular sleeve. The inner ring part of the first annular sleeve is sleeved with a connecting rod. The connecting rod is sleeved with the inner ring part of the second annular sleeve.

6. The shelf-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 5, wherein, The layer drying pipe further comprises a second layer sealing plate. The second layer sealing plate is arranged at the top of the third pipe body. The edge of the second layer sealing plate is fixedly connected with a third annular sleeve. The bottom of the second pipe body is fixedly connected with a fourth annular sleeve. The inner ring part of the third annular sleeve is sleeved with a rotating rod. The rotating rod is sleeved with the inner ring part of the fourth annular sleeve.

7. The shelf-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first pipe body is provided with a first clamping device. The first clamping device is arranged on the inner cavity wall of the first pipe body. The second pipe body is provided with a second clamping device. The second clamping device is arranged on the inner wall of the second tube body; The third tube body is provided with a third clamping device; The third clamping device is arranged on the inner wall of the third tube body.

8. The shelf-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the first tube body is in communication with the vacuum device; The inner cavity of the second tube body is in communication with the vacuum device; The inner cavity of the third tube body is in communication with the vacuum device.

9. The shelf-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The horizontal height of the bottom surface of the first tube body is greater than the horizontal height of the top surface of the conveying body.

10. The shelf-type distributed vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The layered drying tube further comprises an extender; The extender is fixedly connected to the ground; The central axis of the extender coincides with the central axis of the layered drying tube.

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