Quantum random number generator
By introducing an alkali metal atom gas chamber and a detection module into a quantum random number generator, and utilizing the spontaneous spin noise of alkali metal vapor, the problem of insufficient generation rate of discrete quantum random number generators is solved, and efficient random bit generation is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423313533.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-31
AI Technical Summary
The random bit generation rate of discrete quantum random number generators is limited by the autocorrelation time of single-photon detectors, resulting in an insufficient generation rate.
By employing a combination of a laser module, an alkali metal atom gas chamber, a detection module, and a post-processing module, noise is induced in the paramagnetic Faraday rotation angle of the detection beam output by the laser module by utilizing the spontaneous spin noise of the alkali metal vapor in the alkali metal atom gas chamber. This noise, induced in the paramagnetic Faraday rotation angle of the detection beam output by the laser module, can improve the generation rate of random bits.
It achieves a high random bit generation rate that is not limited by the autocorrelation time of a single-photon detector, and is low in cost and highly efficient.
Smart Images
Figure CN223566136U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to random number generator equipment field, concretely relates to a quantum random number generator. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the development of information science, random numbers have important application value in many fields. Random number generators are divided into pseudo-random number generators and true random number generators.
[0003] Among them, the pseudo-random number generator is based on deterministic algorithm, and has the advantages of fast generation speed, repeatability and low computing resource demand, but is essentially predictable, and has risks in high security requirement scenes (such as cryptography). The true random number generator, such as the quantum random number generator, is based on the principle of quantum mechanics, and uses the inherent uncertainty of quantum state measurement to generate unpredictable random numbers, and has unconditional security, which is of great significance in the fields of cryptography, secure communication and the like.
[0004] The quantum random number generator is further divided into discrete and continuous types, and the discrete quantum random number generator based on a single photon detector is currently commonly used, that is, the photon has a 1 / 2 probability to select one of the paths "0" or "1" when passing through a beam splitter. However, the random bit generation rate of the discrete quantum random number generator is limited by the autocorrelation time of the single photon detector, resulting in a relatively low random bit generation rate. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0005] The utility model discloses a quantum random number generator to solve the problem that the random bit generation rate of the discrete quantum random number generator is limited by the autocorrelation time of the single photon detector.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0007] A quantum random number generator, comprising a laser module, an alkali metal atom gas chamber, a detection module and a post-processing module.
[0008] The output end of the laser module is connected with the input end of the alkali metal atom gas chamber, the output end of the alkali metal atom gas chamber is connected with the input end of the detection module, and the output end of the detection module is connected with the input end of the post-processing module.
[0009] In the above scheme, the spontaneous spin noise of the alkali metal vapor in the alkali metal atom gas chamber causes noise in the paramagnetic Faraday rotation angle of the detection light beam output by the laser module, which can improve the generation rate of random bits and is not limited by the autocorrelation time of the single photon detector.
[0010] Preferably, the laser module comprises a laser and a linear polarizer, and the output end of the laser is connected with the input end of the alkali metal atom gas chamber through the linear polarizer.
[0011] Preferably, the laser is a diode laser.
[0012] Preferably, the alkali metal atom cell is a rubidium atom cell.
[0013] Preferably, the detection module comprises a polarization beam splitter, a first detector, a second detector and a differential amplifier.
[0014] The output end of the alkali metal atom cell is connected with the input end of the polarization beam splitter, one of the output ends of the polarization beam splitter is connected with the input end of the first detector, the other output end of the first detector is connected with the input end of the second detector, the output end of the first detector and the output end of the second detector are respectively connected with different input ends of the differential amplifier, and the output end of the differential amplifier is connected with the input end of the post-processing module.
[0015] Preferably, the first detector and the second detector are both balanced photodetectors.
[0016] Preferably, a band-pass filter is further included.
[0017] The output end of the differential amplifier is connected with the input end of the post-processing module through the band-pass filter.
[0018] Preferably, the post-processing module is an FPGA.
[0019] The beneficial technical effects of the present application are as follows:
[0020] The present application provides a quantum random number generator, which can improve the generation rate of random bits and is not limited by the self-correlation time of a single-photon detector by causing noise in the paramagnetic Faraday rotation angle of a detection light beam output by a laser module through spontaneous spin noise of alkali metal vapor in an alkali metal atom cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 The present application is a whole structure block diagram;
[0022] 1, laser module; 11, laser; 12, linear polarizer; 2, alkali metal atom cell; 3, detection module; 31, polarization beam splitter; 32, first detector; 33, second detector; 34, differential amplifier; 4, post-processing module; 5, band-pass filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
[0024] Embodiment 1
[0025] As shown in the figure, a quantum random number generator comprises a laser module 1, an alkali metal atom cell 2, a detection module 3 and a post-processing module 4. Figure 1
[0026] The output end of the laser module 1 is connected with the input end of the alkali metal atom cell 2, the output end of the alkali metal atom cell 2 is connected with the input end of the detection module 3, and the output end of the detection module 3 is connected with the input end of the post-processing module 4.
[0027] In the specific implementation process, the spontaneous spin noise of the alkali metal vapor in the alkali metal atom cell 2 causes noise in the paramagnetic Faraday rotation angle of the detection light beam output by the laser module 1, which can improve the generation rate of random bits and is not limited by the self-correlation time of the single-photon detector.
[0028] Embodiment 2
[0029] A quantum random number generator comprises a laser module 1, an alkali metal atom cell 2, a detection module 3 and a post-processing module 4.
[0030] The output end of the laser module 1 is connected with the input end of the alkali metal atom cell 2, the output end of the alkali metal atom cell 2 is connected with the input end of the detection module 3, and the output end of the detection module 3 is connected with the input end of the post-processing module 4.
[0031] More specifically, the laser module 1 comprises a laser 11 and a linear polarizer 12; the output end of the laser 11 is connected with the input end of the alkali metal atom cell 2 through the linear polarizer 12.
[0032] More specifically, the laser 11 is a diode laser.
[0033] More specifically, the alkali metal atom cell 2 is a rubidium atom cell.
[0034] More specifically, the detection module 3 comprises a polarization beam splitter 31, a first detector 32, a second detector 33 and a differential amplifier 34.
[0035] The output end of the alkali metal atom cell 2 is connected with the input end of the polarization beam splitter 31, one of the output ends of the polarization beam splitter 31 is connected with the input end of the first detector 32, the other output end of the first detector 32 is connected with the input end of the second detector 33, the output end of the first detector 32 and the output end of the second detector 33 are respectively connected with different input ends of the differential amplifier 34, and the output end of the differential amplifier 34 is connected with the input end of the post-processing module 4.
[0036] More specifically, the first detector 32 and the second detector 33 both adopt balanced photodetectors.
[0037] More specifically, the band-pass filter 5 is further included.
[0038] The output end of the differential amplifier 34 is connected with the input end of the post-processing module 4 through the band-pass filter 5.
[0039] More specifically, the post-processing module 4 is an FPGA.
[0040] In the specific implementation process, the diode laser outputs a 30mW power probe light beam, which enters the rubidium atom cell after being linearly polarized by the linear polarizer 12. The spontaneous spin noise of the rubidium vapor in the rubidium atom cell will cause noise in the paramagnetic Faraday rotation angle of the probe light beam. The light signal output from the rubidium atom cell is split into two light signals by the polarization beam splitter 31, which are detected by the first detector 32 and the second detector 33, respectively. The two identical balanced photodetectors convert the light signal into an electrical signal, which is subtracted by the differential amplifier 34 to eliminate common-mode noise and effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, the band-pass filter 5 is used to eliminate irrelevant noise to obtain an ideal noise, which is transmitted into the FPGA for threshold detection to output a source random sequence. The random bit generation rate is fast, and the cost is low.
[0041] According to the disclosure and teaching of the above description, those skilled in the art of the present application can also make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes of the present application should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application. In addition, although some specific terms are used in the specification, these terms are only for convenience and do not constitute any limitation on the present application.
Claims
1. A quantum random number generator, characterized in that, The laser module, the alkali metal atom gas chamber, the detection module and the post-processing module are connected in series. The output end of the laser module is connected with the input end of the alkali metal atom gas chamber, the output end of the alkali metal atom gas chamber is connected with the input end of the detection module, and the output end of the detection module is connected with the input end of the post-processing module.
2. A quantum random number generator according to claim 1, wherein, The laser module comprises a laser and a linear polarizer, and the output end of the laser is connected with the input end of the alkali metal atom gas chamber through the linear polarizer.
3. A quantum random number generator according to claim 2, wherein, The laser is a diode laser.
4. The quantum random number generator of claim 1, wherein, The alkali metal atom gas chamber is a rubidium atom gas chamber.
5. The quantum random number generator of claim 1, wherein, The detection module comprises a polarization beam splitter, a first detector, a second detector and a differential amplifier. The output end of the alkali metal atom gas chamber is connected with the input end of the polarization beam splitter, one output end of the polarization beam splitter is connected with the input end of the first detector, the other output end of the first detector is connected with the input end of the second detector, the output end of the first detector and the output end of the second detector are respectively connected with different input ends of the differential amplifier, and the output end of the differential amplifier is connected with the input end of the post-processing module.
6. A quantum random number generator according to claim 5, wherein, The first detector and the second detector are balanced photodetectors.
7. A quantum random number generator according to claim 6, wherein, A band-pass filter is further included. The output end of the differential amplifier is connected with the input end of the post-processing module through the band-pass filter.
8. The quantum random number generator of claim 1, wherein, The post-processing module is an FPGA.