Recovery equipment for lithium battery pack separation

Abstract

The utility model provides recycling equipment for component separation of a lithium battery pack, and belongs to the field of component separation and recycling of the lithium battery, through cooperation of a dispersing and demolding device, a pole piece sorting device, a flexible rolling device and a hydrolysis and powder removal device, the following separation and recycling method is achieved, a shell of the lithium battery is cut, and a battery core lamination in the lithium battery is obtained; and dispersing and demolding the battery core lamination to obtain a diaphragm and a mixed positive plate and negative plate. Sorting the mixed positive plate and negative plate to obtain a positive plate and a negative plate; and baking the positive plate, and carrying out flexible rolling and screening on the baked positive plate to obtain an aluminum foil and positive electrode powder. Soaking and screening the negative plate to obtain a copper foil and negative electrode powder; by means of precise sorting and refined treatment, efficient recycling of the lithium battery material is achieved, the recycling process is optimized, efficiency is improved, environmental pollution is reduced, and green development of the lithium battery recycling industry is promoted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiment of the present application relates to the field of component separation and recovery of lithium batteries, in particular to a recovery equipment for component separation of lithium batteries. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous application of new energy batteries, more and more lithium batteries have begun to be gradually eliminated. Separating and recovering the components in the eliminated lithium batteries can not only save resources, but also reduce environmental pollution.

[0003] However, in the prior art, the mechanical peeling method is used for the pole piece and the diaphragm, which is easy to cause the pole piece and the diaphragm to be broken, thereby reducing the separation efficiency of the pole piece and the diaphragm. After crushing the pole piece, the pole piece is subjected to vibration, air blowing and screening processes, respectively, to obtain the pole powder and the crushed pole piece, thereby reducing the purity of the pole powder and the recycling rate of the pole piece. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The present application provides a recovery equipment for component separation of lithium batteries, which can realize batch recovery of diaphragms and high-purity pole powder from lithium batteries, so as to improve the recycling efficiency of the pole powder and the diaphragm.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a recovery equipment for component separation of lithium batteries, which comprises:

[0007] A dispersion and demolding device is arranged, which is used for dispersing and demolding the cell laminates of the lithium battery, so as to obtain the diaphragm and the mixed positive pole piece and negative pole piece in the cell laminates;

[0008] A pole piece sorting device is arranged, which is used for sorting the mixed positive pole piece and negative pole piece after drying, so as to obtain the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece;

[0009] A flexible rolling device is arranged, which is used for flexibly rolling the sorted positive pole piece after drying, so as to screen out the aluminum foil and the positive pole powder;

[0010] A hydrolysis and powder removal device is arranged, which is used for soaking and screening the sorted negative pole piece, so as to screen out the copper foil and the negative pole powder.

[0011] The lithium battery component separation and recycling device provided by the embodiment of the application realizes the following separation and recycling method through the cooperation of the dispersion and film removal device, the pole piece sorting device, the flexible rolling device and the hydrolysis and powder removal device, the shell of the lithium battery is cut to obtain the cell laminates inside the lithium battery, and the cell laminates are dispersed and film removed to obtain the separator and the mixed positive pole piece and negative pole piece. The mixed positive pole piece and negative pole piece are sorted to obtain the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece. The positive pole piece is baked, the baked positive pole piece is flexibly rolled and sieved to obtain the aluminum foil and the positive pole powder. The negative pole piece is soaked and sieved to obtain the copper foil and the negative pole powder. Through accurate sorting and fine processing, efficient reuse of lithium battery materials is realized, which not only optimizes the recycling process and improves the efficiency, but also reduces environmental pollution and promotes green development of the lithium battery recycling industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the application or the prior art will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the embodiments of the application, and these drawings and the written description are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the lithium battery component separation and recycling device provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0014] Figure 2 The dispersion and film removal device provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0015] Figure 3 The flexible rolling device provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0016] Figure 4 The hydrolysis and powder removal device provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0017] Figure 5 The flowchart of the lithium battery component separation and recycling method provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0018] Explanation of reference signs:

[0019] 100-dispersion and film removal device; 110-separation box; 120-gas supply unit; 130-liquid supply unit; 140-rotation mechanism; 150-sieving structure;

[0020] 111 - cavity; 112 - first opening; 113 - second opening; 114 - third opening; 115 - inlet; 151 - accommodation groove; 152 - separation sieve;

[0021] 200 - flexible rolling device; 210 - conveying mechanism; 220 - rolling mechanism; 230 - recovery device;

[0022] 211 - conveying bearing surface; 221 - rolling roller; 222 - arc-shaped extrusion surface;

[0023] 300 - hydrolytic defibrillation device; 310 - separation tank; 320 - drum sieve; 330 - filter assembly;

[0024] 311 - first accommodation cavity; 321 - body; 322 - blade unit; 323 - second accommodation cavity; 324 - feeding end; 325 - discharging end; 326 - nozzle; 331 - filter screen; 332 - liquid storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] The traditional mechanical peeling method for the pole piece and the diaphragm in the lithium battery is easy to cause the pole piece and the diaphragm to be broken, resulting in a low efficiency of separating the pole piece and the diaphragm. After the pole piece is crushed, the pole powder and the crushed pole piece are obtained through vibration, air blowing and screening processes, resulting in a poor purity of the pole powder and a low recycling rate of the pole piece.

[0027] Therefore, the present application provides a lithium battery component separation recovery equipment. The separation recovery method is realized by cooperation of a dispersion and demolding device, a pole piece sorting device, a flexible rolling device and a hydrolytic defibrillation device. The cell stack inside the lithium battery is obtained by cutting the shell of the lithium battery, and the cell stack is dispersed and demolded to obtain the diaphragm and mixed positive pole piece and negative pole piece. The mixed positive pole piece and negative pole piece are sorted to obtain the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece. The positive pole piece is baked, the baked positive pole piece is flexibly rolled and screened to obtain the aluminum foil and the positive pole powder. The negative pole piece is soaked and screened to obtain the copper foil and the negative pole powder. Through accurate sorting and fine processing, the lithium battery materials are efficiently reused, which not only optimizes the recovery process and improves the efficiency, but also reduces environmental pollution and promotes the green development of the lithium battery recycling industry.

[0028] That is, by scanning and cutting the shell of the lithium battery, the internal cell laminates are exposed. The cell laminates are soaked in a second solvent, and by heating, soaking, stirring and dispersing, the separator and mixed positive and negative electrode sheets are obtained. The mixed positive and negative electrode sheets are dried by preliminary drying, and the mixed positive and negative electrode sheets are obtained. The mixed positive and negative electrode sheets are sorted by mechanical sorting or manual sorting. The sorted positive electrode sheets are baked and flexibly rolled and sieved to obtain aluminum foil and positive electrode powder. The sorted negative electrode sheets are soaked in an aqueous solution and sieved to obtain copper foil and negative electrode powder. Through accurate sorting and fine processing, efficient recycling of lithium battery materials is realized, and the recycling process is optimized and efficiency is improved.

[0029] The lithium battery component separation and recycling equipment provided by the present application includes a dispersion and demolding device, an electrode sheet sorting device, a flexible rolling device and a hydrolysis and powder removal device. The dispersion and demolding device is used to disperse and demold the cell laminates of the lithium battery to obtain the separator and the mixed positive and negative electrode sheets in the cell laminates. The electrode sheet sorting device is used to sort the mixed positive and negative electrode sheets after drying to obtain the positive and negative electrode sheets. The rolling mechanism is used to flexibly roll the sorted positive electrode sheets after baking to sieve out the aluminum foil and the positive electrode powder. The hydrolysis and powder removal device is used to soak and sieve the sorted negative electrode sheets to sieve out the copper foil and the negative electrode powder. The electrode sheet sorting device can be applied to the existing technology, as long as the device that can realize the separation of the positive and negative electrode sheets is suitable for the present application, such as patent number: 202210520449.5.

[0030] The dispersion and demolding device 100 is used to soak the cell module in a second solvent, and the electrolyte in the cell module is dissolved by the second solvent to make the electrolyte ineffective. The cell module is dispersed and demolded to obtain complete positive and negative electrode sheets and a separator. It should be noted that the second solvent in the present application can be dimethyl carbonate, but it is not limited to dimethyl carbonate, for example, it can also be one of propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate, which is selected according to the electrolyte in the cell module. It should be noted that the second solvent can be the same as the first solvent, or it can be different. The first solvent refers to the attachments on the surface of the positive electrode sheet during the dispersion and demolding process.

[0031] As Figure 2As shown, the dispersion demoulding device 100 comprises a separation tank 110, a gas supply unit 120 and a liquid supply unit 130. The separation tank 110 has a cavity 111 containing a second solvent therein, which is used to dissolve the electrolyte in the battery module to separate the separator and the positive and negative plates, and to obtain a recyclable solution by dissolving the electrolyte with the second solvent. It should be noted that the solution can include the second solvent, the electrolyte and solid particles, etc.

[0032] The gas supply unit 120 is arranged at the bottom of the separation tank 110 and is used to introduce a predetermined gas into the cavity 111. The impact force of the predetermined gas acts on the separator and the positive and negative plates to make the separator float on the liquid surface of the second solvent and the positive and negative plates sink at the bottom of the cavity 111. The liquid supply unit 130 is used to inject the second solvent into the separation tank 110 along the vertical direction of the separation tank 110, and is also used to inject the second solvent into the separation tank 110 along the parallel direction of the separation tank 110, so as to push the separator on the liquid surface of the second solvent out of the cavity 111 by the horizontal liquid power.

[0033] It can be understood that the second solvent in the cavity 111 of the separation tank 110 is used to dissolve the electrolyte to separate the separator and the positive and negative plates under the action of the second solvent. The gas supply unit 120 introduces the predetermined gas into the cavity 111, and the impact force of the predetermined gas further promotes the separation of the separator and the positive and negative plates. In addition, the separator and the positive and negative plates will form a stratification in the second solvent due to their different densities. The separator floats on the liquid surface, and the positive and negative plates sink at the bottom of the cavity 111. The liquid supply unit 130 introduces the second solvent into the cavity 111 to adjust the relative position of the liquid surface along the height direction of the separation tank 110, and makes the separator discharge from the opening at the top of the separation tank 110. In this way, the separator and the positive and negative plates in the waste battery module can be separated and recycled, and the integrity of the recycled separator and the positive and negative plates is good, and the separation efficiency of the positive and negative plates and the separator is improved.

[0034] The flexible rolling device 200 is used to separate the positive electrode powder on the positive plate from the aluminum foil by applying extrusion force and friction to the positive plate. As shown, Figure 3 The flexible rolling device 200 comprises a conveying mechanism 210 and a rolling mechanism 220. The conveying mechanism 210 comprises a conveying bearing surface 211 and is used to carry and transport the positive plate. The rolling mechanism 220 is movably arranged above the conveying bearing surface 211 and comprises a plurality of rolling rollers 221. The rolling rollers 221 have arc-shaped extrusion surfaces 222 thereon, which are extruded and matched with the conveying bearing surface 211.

[0035] It can be understood that the arc-shaped extrusion surface 222 can exert an extrusion force on the conveying bearing surface 211, and when the positive plate passes below the arc-shaped extrusion surface 222, the arc-shaped extrusion surface 222 can exert an extrusion force on the positive plate, thereby intensifying the degree of fragmentation between the positive powder and the aluminum foil. At the same time, since the rolling mechanism 220 is movably arranged, the rolling mechanism 220 drives the arc-shaped extrusion surface 222 to move during movement, so that the arc-shaped extrusion surface 222 exerts a tangential force on the positive plate which is tangent to the arc-shaped extrusion surface 222, thereby making the positive powder more easily separated from the aluminum foil. In addition, under the extrusion and movement of the rolling mechanism 220, the friction between the arc-shaped extrusion surface 222 and the positive powder is also increased, so that the rolling mechanism 220 achieves a scraping effect on the positive powder, thereby improving the probability of separating the positive powder from the aluminum foil.

[0036] The hydrolytic powder separation device 300 is used to separate the negative powder and the copper foil by water washing the negative plate. As shown in Figure 4 The hydrolytic powder separation device 300 includes a separation tank 310, a drum sieve 320, and a filtering assembly 330. The separation tank 310 has a first accommodating cavity 311 in which a water solution is arranged. The drum sieve 320 includes a body 321 and a blade unit 322, and the body 321 is arranged to rotate around a first rotation axis relative to the first accommodating cavity 311. The body 321 has a second accommodating cavity 323 for accommodating the negative plate, and the cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity 323 is provided with sieve holes for communicating the inside and outside of the body 321, so that the negative powder in the negative plate is separated to the first accommodating cavity 311 through the sieve holes (not shown in the figure) under the separation of the water solution. The water solution mixed with the negative powder in the first accommodating cavity 311 is filtered through the filtering assembly 330 to obtain negative powder with high separation degree. The blade unit 322 is connected with the cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity 323, and rotating the blade unit 322 can discharge the copper foil in the second accommodating cavity 323.

[0037] It can be understood that the negative plate is put into the second accommodating cavity 323, and the negative plate is soaked in the preset water solution. Under the action of the water solution, the second adhesive (usually hydrophilic) in the dissolved part of the negative powder is separated from the copper foil. The negative powder is dispersed in the water solution, the drum sieve 320 rotates around the first rotation axis to drive the water solution to flow, and the negative powder flows into the first accommodating cavity 311 with the water solution. The water solution mixed with the negative powder discharged from the first accommodating cavity 311 is filtered through the filtering assembly 330 to separate the water solution and the negative powder, so as to be used in the subsequent recycling process. At the same time, rotating the blade unit 322 in the drum sieve 320 around the first rotation axis can discharge the copper foil in the second accommodating cavity 323 from the discharge end 325 of the drum sieve 320.

[0038] The component separation recycling device of the lithium battery provided in the application further comprises a scanner and a cutting device. The scanner is used to scan the lithium battery to determine the edge cutting size of the lithium battery. The cutting device is used to cut the edge of the lithium battery according to the edge cutting size, remove the shell of the lithium battery, and obtain the cell laminates.

[0039] It can be understood that the scanner can be a scanner. The scanner is used to scan the shape and structure of the lithium battery in all directions, and the edge contour of the lithium battery is accurately identified through image recognition and processing technology. The cutting device accurately cuts the edge of the lithium battery according to the size information provided by the scanner. The shell of the lithium battery is removed to obtain the internal cell laminates.

[0040] Reference Figure 5 The application further provides a lithium battery component separation recycling method, which is suitable for scanning and cutting the shell of a square lithium battery to obtain the cell laminates in the lithium battery. The cell laminates of the lithium battery are placed into a dispersion and demolding device 100 for dispersion and demolding to obtain the separator in the cell laminates and the mixed positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet. The mixed positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet are subjected to drying treatment and are conveyed to an electrode sheet sorting device. The mixed positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet are sorted to obtain the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The sorted positive electrode sheet is conveyed to a rolling mechanism. The sorted positive electrode sheet is subjected to flexible rolling after baking to screen out the aluminum foil and the positive electrode powder. The sorted negative electrode sheet is placed into a hydrolysis and powder removal device 300 for soaking and screening to screen out the copper foil and the negative electrode powder. The lithium battery component separation recycling device can be referred to the description above, and the application will not be described here. The lithium battery component separation recycling method comprises the following steps:

[0041] S201, obtaining cell laminates of a lithium battery

[0042] The recovered lithium battery is scanned to determine the edge cutting size of the lithium battery. The edge of the lithium battery is cut according to the edge cutting size, the shell of the lithium battery is removed, and the cell laminates are obtained. For example, the lithium battery is scanned by a scanner to determine the edge cutting size of the lithium battery. The edge of the lithium battery is cut by a cutting device according to the edge cutting size, the shell of the lithium battery is removed, and the cell laminates are obtained.

[0043] In some embodiments of the application, the cell laminates of the lithium battery can comprise: the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, the separator and the electrolyte which are stacked. In some possible implementation manners, the positive electrode sheet comprises an aluminum foil and a positive electrode powder mixed with a first adhesive and adhered to the aluminum foil, wherein the first adhesive can be polyvinylidene fluoride. The negative electrode sheet comprises a copper foil and a negative electrode powder mixed with a second adhesive and adhered to the copper foil, wherein the second adhesive can be a hydrophilic adhesive.

[0044] S202, disperse and demold the cell stack to obtain the separator and mixed positive and negative electrode sheets

[0045] The shelled lithium battery cell stack is put into the dispersion and demolding device 100 through the inlet 115 for dispersion and demolding to obtain the separator and mixed positive and negative electrode sheets in the cell stack. Specifically, the cell module is soaked in the separation tank 110 of the dispersion and demolding device 100, and the second solvent that is soluble with the electrolyte is arranged in the cavity 111 of the separation tank 110. In the embodiment of the present application, the second solvent can be a dimethyl carbonate solvent. By soaking in the second solvent, the electrolyte in the cell module is dissolved to separate the separator and the positive and negative electrode sheets and obtain a solution. It can be understood that the solution can include the second solvent, the electrolyte and some solid particles.

[0046] The preset gas is introduced into the cavity 111 from the bottom of the cavity 111 along the vertical direction by the gas supply unit 120 in the dispersion and demolding device 100, the flow of the preset gas in the second solvent, and the impact force of the preset gas acting on the positive and negative electrode sheets and the separator can promote the separation of the positive and negative electrode sheets and the separator, and at the same time can make the separated separator and positive and negative electrode sheets form a layered structure in the second solvent. Because the densities of the positive and negative electrode sheets, the separator and the second solvent are different, the separator with lighter weight will float on the liquid surface of the second solvent, and the positive and negative electrode sheets with heavier weight will sink to the bottom of the cavity 111. It should be noted that the relative position of the gas supply unit 120 at the bottom of the separation tank 110 is not limited.

[0047] Further, the first opening 112 and the second opening 113 are arranged on the side wall of the cavity 111, and the first opening 112 and the second opening 113 are arranged on the opposite side walls of the cavity 111 along the horizontal direction. The liquid surface of the second solvent in the cavity 111 is leveled with the first opening 112 and the second opening 113, and the second opening 113 is connected with the liquid supply unit 130 through the connecting pipe to introduce the second solvent into the cavity 111 along the horizontal direction, and the liquid power of the second solvent drives the separator with lighter weight to move along the liquid surface and discharge from the first opening 112 out of the cavity 111.

[0048] It should be noted that the first opening 112 is further provided with a screening structure 150, and the screening structure 150 has a containing groove 151 and a separation sieve 152 arranged in the containing groove 151. One end of the containing groove 151 is opposite to the first opening 112, and the separator and the second solvent discharged from the first opening 112 enter the containing groove 151. When the mixture of the second solvent and the separator enters the containing groove 151, the separator is left in the containing groove 151 and the second solvent flows in the containing groove 151 after the separation and filtration of the separation sieve 152, and finally flows into the liquid supply unit 130 connected with the containing groove 151.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the solution with a higher concentration flowing back into the accommodation groove 151 can be directly returned to the liquid supply unit 130 in communication with the accommodation groove 151, to be circulated into the separation tank 110 of the dispersion and stripping device 100 for dispersing and stripping the next round of electrode laminates. In another possible implementation, the solution with a lower concentration flowing back into the accommodation groove 151 can also flow back into the electrolyte recovery equipment, and through distillation and condensation operations, the electrolyte in the solution and the second solvent are recovered, and the recovered second solvent is circulated into the separation tank 110 of the dispersion and stripping device 100 for dispersing and stripping the next round of electrode laminates.

[0050] Specifically, the separation tank 110 is further provided with a third opening 114 in communication with the cavity 111, the third opening 114 and the first opening 112 are arranged on different side walls of the separation tank 110, and the height of the third opening 114 along the vertical direction is higher than that of the first opening 112. It can be understood that in this way, the solution can not flow out of the third opening 114 during the process of discharging the diaphragm. Correspondingly, the diaphragm can not flow out of the third opening 114.

[0051] Further, the cavity 111 is further provided with a rotating mechanism 140, by which the positive and negative plates at the bottom of the cavity 111 can be scraped off, so that the positive and negative plates are driven along the vertical direction to the third opening 114. By means of the rotating mechanism 140, the positive and negative plates continue to move along the vertical direction until they are discharged from the third opening 114.

[0052] It can be understood that the third opening 114 can also be provided with a screening structure 150, by which the positive and negative plates and the solution are separated and filtered. After the separation and filtration of the separation screen 152, the positive and negative plates are left in the accommodation groove 151, and the solution flows along the path of the accommodation groove 151 and finally flows into the liquid supply unit 130 in communication with the accommodation groove 151, to be circulated for the flow of the next solution.

[0053] It should be noted that to improve the dispersion and stripping efficiency of the electrode laminates, the second solvent can be heated. The electrolyte in the electrode laminates is dissolved in the second solvent to form a solution. Further, for the solution containing a high concentration of the second solvent, the above-mentioned recycling method can be used, and finally the solution flows into the liquid supply unit 130 in communication with the accommodation groove 151, to be circulated for the next round of flow. For the solution containing a low concentration of the second solvent, it can be output to the electrolyte recovery equipment, and through distillation and condensation operations, the electrolyte in the solution and the second solvent are recovered, and the recovered second solvent is circulated into the liquid supply unit 130 of the dispersion and stripping device 100, to be circulated for the next round of flow of the second solvent.

[0054] S203, sorting the mixed positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to obtain the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet

[0055] The mixed positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet obtained after dispersion and demolding are baked to obtain dried mixed positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet. The positive electrode sheet includes an aluminum foil and a positive electrode powder mixed with a first adhesive adhered to the aluminum foil. The negative electrode sheet includes a copper foil and a negative electrode powder mixed with a second adhesive adhered to the copper foil. In some possible embodiments, the first adhesive between the aluminum foil and the positive electrode powder can be polyvinylidene fluoride. The second adhesive between the copper foil and the negative electrode powder can be an aqueous adhesive.

[0056] It can be understood that, due to the difference in the materials of the first adhesive and the second adhesive in the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, different separation methods need to be used to separate the aluminum foil and the positive electrode powder, and the copper foil and the negative electrode powder. Therefore, the dried mixed positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet need to be sorted to meet the subsequent requirements of the positive electrode sheet after baking, flexible rolling and screening to obtain the aluminum foil and the positive electrode powder. The negative electrode sheet is soaked and screened to obtain the copper foil and the negative electrode powder.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the mixed positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet can be sorted by using the properties of the different electrode sheets and by using a mechanical sorting method by an electrode sheet sorting device to obtain the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.

[0058] In another possible implementation, the mixed electrode sheet after drying can be sorted by using a manual sorting method to screen the mixed positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to meet the subsequent requirements of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet composition recovery.

[0059] S204, baking the positive electrode sheet, and performing flexible rolling and screening on the baked positive electrode sheet to obtain the aluminum foil and the positive electrode powder

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, the recovered positive electrode sheet is baked, including: initially heating the positive electrode sheet at a first temperature and high-temperature heating the positive electrode sheet at a second temperature. The initial heating of the positive electrode sheet is used to remove the first solvent attached to the positive electrode sheet during the dispersion and demolding process. The heating temperature of the initial heating can be higher than the failure temperature of the first solvent, but not higher than the temperature at which the first adhesive fails. The high-temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet causes the first adhesive on the positive electrode sheet to fail. The heating temperature of the high-temperature heating is higher than the failure temperature of the first adhesive.

[0061] It can be understood that the preliminary heating of the positive electrode sheet is used to remove the first solvent attached to the surface of the positive electrode sheet. The high-temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet is used to make the first adhesive of the positive electrode powder invalid, and to make the positive electrode powder loose and separate from the aluminum foil. For example, when the first solvent is set as dimethyl carbonate, the flash point of the first solvent attached to the surface of the positive electrode sheet is close to 21.5°C. When the first adhesive is set as polyvinylidene fluoride, the invalidation temperature of the first adhesive is higher than 400°C, and the difference between the invalidation temperature of the first adhesive and the flash point of the first solvent is at least greater than 370°C.

[0062] In some possible embodiments, the preliminary heating of the positive electrode sheet can include: low-temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet to make the first solvent vaporize to form gaseous first solvent and separate from the positive electrode sheet; the heating temperature of the low-temperature heating is not higher than the flash point of the first solvent. For example, the first temperature of the low-temperature heating can be between 20-30°C, the heating time of the low-temperature heating can be not less than 20 min, and the removal rate of the first solvent is greater than or equal to 80%, so as to reduce the possibility of explosion and other phenomena of the first solvent in the positive electrode sheet during the subsequent high-temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet. The second temperature of the high-temperature heating can be between 400-500°C, and the high-temperature heating can be set as high-temperature constant heating, and the heating time of the high-temperature constant heating is not less than 6 min, so as to make at least part of the first adhesive in the positive electrode powder invalid, and make the positive electrode powder loose and separate from the aluminum foil.

[0063] In some possible embodiments, the preliminary heating of the positive electrode sheet can further include: preliminary heating of the positive electrode sheet at a first temperature, medium-temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet at a second temperature, and high-temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet at a third temperature. At least part of the first solvent is vaporized to form gaseous first solvent and separate from the positive electrode sheet by low-temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet. The heating temperature of the medium-temperature heating is higher than the flash point of the first solvent, and the removal rate of the first solvent is greater than or equal to 80%. The first adhesive on the positive electrode sheet is invalidated by high-temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet, and the heating temperature of the high-temperature heating is higher than the invalidation temperature of the first adhesive.

[0064] It should be noted that, before the medium-temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet, the low-temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet is used to remove part of the first solvent, so that at least part of the first solvent is vaporized to form gaseous state, and the proportion of the first solvent attached to the positive electrode sheet is reduced. For example, the first temperature of the low-temperature heating can be between 20-30°C, and the heating time of the low-temperature heating can be 5-10 min.

[0065] When the positive electrode sheet is heated at the medium temperature, the ratio of the first solvent attached to the positive electrode sheet is reduced, and the temperature at which the positive electrode sheet is heated at the medium temperature is relatively low, so that the first solvent attached to the positive electrode sheet is less likely to explode or the like, thereby ensuring the safety of the positive electrode powder separation process. It can be understood that the heating temperature of the medium temperature heating is higher than the heating temperature of the low temperature heating, so that the vaporization speed of the first solvent attached to the positive electrode sheet can be accelerated to form a gaseous state, the heating time of the preliminary heating of the positive electrode sheet can be shortened, and the separation efficiency of the positive electrode powder separation process can be improved. For example, the second temperature at which the positive electrode sheet is heated at the medium temperature can be between 150 and 300°C.

[0066] It can be understood that when the removal rate of the first solvent is less than the set ratio, the heating time of the low temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet can be extended, so that the removal rate of the first solvent is greater than or equal to the set ratio. Alternatively, the first solvent can also be vaporized by medium temperature heating or the like, so that the removal rate of the first solvent is greater than or equal to the set ratio. Alternatively, the heating temperature of the low temperature heating of the positive electrode sheet can also be increased, so that the vaporization of the first solvent is accelerated, thereby further improving the removal efficiency of the first solvent.

[0067] In some possible embodiments, the third temperature at which the positive electrode sheet is heated at the high temperature can be between 400 and 500°C. The high temperature heating can be high temperature constant temperature heating, and the heating time of the high temperature constant temperature heating is not less than 6 minutes, so that at least part of the first adhesive in the positive electrode powder is disabled, and the positive electrode powder is loosely separated from the aluminum foil.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the baked positive electrode sheet is conveyed to the flexible rolling device 200 for flexible rolling to separate the aluminum foil and the positive electrode powder. Specifically, the flexible rolling device 200 includes a conveying mechanism 210 and a rolling mechanism 220. The baked positive electrode sheet is automatically fed through the transmission device, and the positive electrode powder is peeled off through the extrusion and relative movement of the rolling mechanism 220 and the conveying bearing surface 211, thereby realizing efficient and convenient peeling of the positive electrode powder on the aluminum foil.

[0069] It can be understood that the rolling roller 221 can form an extrusion effect on the positive electrode sheet, accelerate the fragmentation of the positive electrode powder, and make it easier to fall off from the aluminum foil. On the other hand, when the rolling roller 221 rotates, the circumferential outer wall thereof can exert a force on the positive electrode powder in the tangential direction of the rolling roller 221, thereby peeling off the fragmented positive electrode powder from the aluminum foil.

[0070] In some embodiments, the flexible rolling device 200 further includes a recycling device 230, the recycling device 230 has a separation cavity therein, a sieve plate is arranged in the separation cavity, the sieve plate separates the separation cavity into a separation cavity above the sieve plate and a recycling cavity below the sieve plate, and the transmission tail end of the conveying mechanism 210 communicates with the separation cavity. The recycling device 230 can realize separation and collection of the positive electrode powder and the aluminum foil.

[0071] S205, soaking and screening the negative plate to obtain the copper foil and the negative powder

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, the sorted negative plate is soaked by the hydrolysis and powder separation device 300 to realize the dissolution of the second binder in part of the negative powder, so as to loosen and separate the negative powder and the copper foil, and to screen the copper foil and the negative powder. The hydrolysis and powder separation device 300 includes a separation tank 310, a drum screen 320 and a filter assembly 330. The separation tank 310 has a first accommodating cavity 311, and the first accommodating cavity 311 is provided with an aqueous solution. The drum screen 320 includes a body 321 and a blade unit 322, and the body 321 is rotatably arranged about a first rotation axis relative to the first accommodating cavity 311. The body 321 has a second accommodating cavity 323 for accommodating the negative plate, and the cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity 323 is provided with a screen hole communicating inside and outside the body 321, so that the negative powder in the negative plate is separated to the first accommodating cavity 311 through the screen hole under the separation of the aqueous solution. The aqueous solution of the negative powder in the first accommodating cavity 311 is filtered by the filter assembly 330 to obtain the negative powder with high separation degree. The blade unit 322 is connected with the cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity 323, and rotating the blade unit 322 can discharge the copper foil in the second accommodating cavity 323.

[0073] It can be understood that the negative plate of the battery is put into the second accommodating cavity 323 through the feeding end 324, and the negative plate is soaked in the aqueous solution, so that at least part of the second binder in the negative powder is disabled, and the negative powder is loosened and separated from the copper foil until the negative powder is separated from the copper foil. The negative powder is dispersed in the aqueous solution under the tension of the aqueous solution, the drum screen 320 rotates about the first rotation axis to drive the aqueous solution to flow, and the negative powder will be separated into the first accommodating cavity 311 along with the aqueous solution. At the same time, the blade unit 322 in the drum screen 320 rotates about the first rotation axis to discharge the negative plate in the second accommodating cavity 323 from the discharging end 325 of the drum screen 320.

[0074] Further, the body 321 has a second accommodating cavity 323, and the body 321 is formed with an inlet end 324 and an outlet end 325 at two ends along the first rotation axis, the inlet end 324 is below the liquid level of the aqueous solution in the first accommodating cavity 311, and the outlet end 325 is above the liquid level of the aqueous solution. The negative sheet enters the second accommodating cavity 323 through the inlet end 324, and because the negative powder is insoluble in the aqueous solution, the tension of the aqueous solution causes the negative powder to disperse in the aqueous solution, and the negative powder is separated from the copper foil at the same time. The body 321 is provided with a sieve hole (not shown in the figure) for communication between the inside and outside of the body 321, and the negative powder flows out of the sieve hole along with the aqueous solution and enters the first accommodating cavity 311. When the body 321 rotates around the first rotation axis, the rotation of the body 321 forms a certain centrifugal force to drive the aqueous solution to flow, which can further accelerate the discharge of the negative powder from the sieve hole, thereby realizing the separation of the negative powder and the copper foil.

[0075] It can be understood that the body 321 rotates around the first rotation axis, and the negative sheets collide with each other and with the blade unit 322, which can cause a part of the negative powder to be separated under the action of vibration. In order to further improve the separation degree of the copper foil and the negative powder, the separation device in the embodiment further comprises a plurality of nozzles 326, the nozzles 326 are arranged in the second accommodating cavity 323, and the nozzles 326 are located above the liquid level of the preset liquid along the height direction of the separation tank 310. The nozzles 326 are configured to spray the aqueous solution radially outward of the body 321. In this way, the nozzles 326 are arranged on the discharge path of the negative sheet, and the negative sheet is washed after breaking through the liquid level, further separating the copper foil and the negative powder, so as to improve the separation degree and separation efficiency of the copper foil and the negative powder.

[0076] It should be noted that the number of nozzles 326 is at least two, and the at least two nozzles 326 are arranged at intervals along the first rotation axis; or, the at least two nozzles 326 are arranged at intervals along the spiral direction of the blade unit 322 in sequence. It can be understood that the blade unit 322 is driven to rotate in the second accommodating cavity 323 by the driving assembly.

[0077] Further, the hydrolysis and powder removal device 300 further comprises a filtering assembly 330 connected with the separation tank 310, and the filtering assembly 330 is used for filtering the aqueous solution mixed with the negative powder in the first accommodating cavity 311 to obtain negative powder with high separation degree. For example, the filtering assembly 330 can be a filter screen 331 arranged at the water outlet of the first accommodating cavity 311. By intercepting the mixture discharged from the water outlet, the negative powder is left on the filter screen 331, and the negative powder on the filter screen 331 can be collected by the worker for subsequent use. The filtered aqueous solution finally enters the liquid storage tank 332, and the filtered aqueous solution is collected.

[0078] Wherein, the terms of "upper", "lower" and the like are used to describe the relative position relationship of each structure in the drawings, only for the convenience of clear description, and not to limit the scope of the application, the change or adjustment of the relative relationship is also regarded as the scope of the application without substantial change of the technical content.

[0079] It should be noted that: in this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact or indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0080] In addition, in this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0081] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A lithium battery component separation recycling apparatus, characterized by, The application relates to a lithium battery recycling equipment. The lithium battery recycling equipment comprises a dispersion and membrane stripping device, an electrode sheet sorting device, a flexible rolling device and a hydrolysis and powder stripping device. The dispersion and membrane stripping device is used for dispersing and stripping cell laminates of the lithium battery to obtain separators in the cell laminates and mixed positive and negative electrode sheets. The electrode sheet sorting device is used for sorting the mixed positive and negative electrode sheets to obtain the positive and negative electrode sheets. The flexible rolling device is used for flexibly rolling the sorted positive electrode sheets after baking to screen out aluminum foils and positive electrode powders.

2. The lithium battery component separation recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The hydrolysis and powder stripping device is used for soaking and screening the sorted negative electrode sheets to screen out copper foils and negative electrode powders.

3. The lithium battery component separation recycling apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The dispersion and membrane stripping device comprises a separation box, a gas supply unit and a liquid supply unit.

4. The lithium battery component separation recycling apparatus according to claim 3, wherein The flexible rolling device comprises a conveying mechanism and a rolling mechanism.

5. The lithium battery component separation recycling apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The rolling mechanism comprises a plurality of rolling rollers.

6. The lithium battery component separation recycling apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The conveying mechanism is a conveying belt.

7. The lithium battery component separation recycling apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The hydrolysis and powder stripping device comprises a separation tank, a drum screen and a filtering assembly.

8. The lithium battery component separation recycling apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The drum screen comprises a body and a blade unit. The body has a second accommodating cavity for accommodating the negative electrode sheets.

9. The lithium battery component separation recycling apparatus of claim 8, wherein, The blade unit is connected with the cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity. The scanning member is a scanner. The cutting device is used for cutting the edges of the lithium battery according to the edge cutting size to remove the shell of the lithium battery and obtain the cell laminates.

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