Battery pack air duct structure and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery pack air duct structure and a battery pack, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The battery pack air duct structure comprises a machine shell used for containing a plurality of battery modules, the adjacent battery modules are arranged at intervals, inter-module air ducts are formed in the intervals, air inlets are formed in at least a plurality of directions of the machine shell, and the air inlets are communicated with the inter-module air ducts at the same time. The outside of the case can be communicated with the inter-module air duct through the air inlet, after heat dissipation of the previous battery module is completed, new cold airflow can be supplemented from the outside of the case through the air inlet to enter the inter-module air duct, and the new cold airflow can be mixed with cold airflow penetrating through the previous battery module, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery module is improved. Before entering the next battery module, the cold air flow is supplemented, so that the cooling capacity is improved, and the situation that the temperature difference between the head and the tail of the battery pack is too large is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery pack air duct structure and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy storage, the internal heat dissipation structure of the battery pack is a key design factor affecting battery life and safety. Existing battery pack heat dissipation methods are mainly divided into two types: air cooling and water cooling. Water cooling offers superior heat dissipation and lower energy consumption, but air cooling remains widely used due to its simpler system, lower maintenance costs, and higher reliability. For air-cooled battery packs, the heat dissipation effect mainly depends on the structural design of the airflow channels. The heat exchange effect can be enhanced by increasing the heat exchange area, reducing the thermal resistance of the thermal interface, and increasing the airflow velocity.

[0003] The current mainstream air-cooled battery pack design involves placing an aluminum profile structure with multiple ventilation holes between adjacent cells. Heat from the cells is conducted to the aluminum profile, and cool air passes through the ventilation holes of the aluminum profile, carrying away the heat and entering the independent air duct within the module. Finally, the heat is exhausted by the exhaust fan.

[0004] However, when there are a large number of battery pack modules or cells, the heat dissipation path becomes too long, which can easily lead to uneven temperature and large temperature differences, resulting in insufficient cooling. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a battery pack air duct structure and battery pack to solve the technical problem in the prior art where insufficient cooling is caused by excessively long heat dissipation paths when the number of battery cells or modules is large. The various technical effects of the preferred solutions among the many technical solutions provided by this utility model are detailed below.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A battery pack air duct structure includes a housing for accommodating a plurality of battery modules, wherein adjacent battery modules are spaced apart and inter-module air ducts are formed at the intervals, and the housing is provided with air inlets in at least several directions, all of which are simultaneously connected to the inter-module air ducts.

[0008] Preferably, the air inlet is located on both sides, the rear and / or the bottom of the housing, and a suction mechanism is provided at the front of the housing.

[0009] Preferably, the cabinet comprises a first side plate, a second side plate, a bottom plate, an upper cover plate, a back plate and a front plate, the first side plate, the second side plate, the bottom plate, the upper cover plate, the back plate and the front plate are connected to enclose, and cold air flows into the first battery module from the back plate.

[0010] Preferably, the air inlet comprises a first air inlet, the first air inlet is arranged on the first side plate and the second side plate, and cold air can flow into the inter-module air duct through the first side plate and the second side plate from the first air inlet.

[0011] Preferably, the first air inlet is located on the extension line of the inter-module air duct.

[0012] Preferably, the air inlet comprises a second air inlet, the second air inlet is arranged on the bottom plate, and cold air can flow into the inter-module air duct through the bottom plate from the second air inlet.

[0013] Preferably, the second air inlet is located directly below the inter-module air duct.

[0014] Preferably, a gap is formed between the upper cover plate and the top surface of the battery module.

[0015] Preferably, the cabinet further comprises an inter-module support, the inter-module support is located in the inter-module air duct and connected to the adjacent two battery modules respectively.

[0016] A battery pack comprises a battery module and the battery pack air duct structure.

[0017] The battery pack air duct structure has the following beneficial effects: the battery pack air duct structure is arranged at intervals between adjacent two battery modules, and an inter-module air duct is formed at the interval, and air inlets are arranged in at least several directions of the cabinet, the outside of the cabinet and the inter-module air duct are communicated through the air inlets, so that cold air outside the cabinet can flow into the inter-module air duct through the air inlets, and after the heat dissipation of the previous battery module is completed, new cold air can be supplied into the inter-module air duct through the air inlets from the outside of the cabinet, the new cold air can be mixed with the cold air flowing through the previous battery module, and the cold air is supplemented before entering the next battery module, so that the cooling capacity is improved, and then the next battery module is cooled, which effectively avoids the situation that the cooling of the next battery module is insufficient due to the long heat dissipation path after the cooling of the previous battery module, and improves the situation that the temperature difference between the head and tail of the battery pack is too large when the number of battery modules or the number of battery cells is large. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the present application, in which the second side plate and the upper cover plate are hidden;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a front view of the present application, in which the second side plate is hidden;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a bottom view of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a detail structure view of the heat dissipation plate of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a detail structure view of the battery cell and the heat dissipation plate of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a top view of the present application, in which the first, third and fourth flow paths are shown;

[0027] Figure 9 It is a front view of the present application, in which the second and fifth flow paths are shown;

[0028] 1, case; 11, first side plate; 12, second side plate; 13, bottom plate; 14, upper cover plate; 15, back panel; 16, front panel; 17, inter-module support;

[0029] 2, battery module; 21, battery cell; 22, heat dissipation plate; 221, ventilation hole;

[0030] 31, first air inlet; 32, second air inlet;

[0031] 4, inter-module air duct;

[0032] 5, fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme of the utility model will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope protected by the utility model.

[0034] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "lateral", "length", "width", "height", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "side" and the like is based on the drawings and only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. Figure 1

[0035] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly unless otherwise specified and limited, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected, it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Embodiment one

[0037] With reference to Figures 1 to 9 The utility model provides a kind of battery pack air duct structure, including shell 1, shell 1 preferably includes first side plate 11, second side plate 12, bottom plate 13, upper cover plate 14, back panel 15 and front panel 16, first side plate 11, second side plate 12, bottom plate 13, upper cover plate 14, back panel 15 and front panel 16 are enclosed together and connected, form six faces of shell 1, the connecting mode between each plate piece can adopt insertion, clamping or bolt connection, it is all more conventional prior art, therefore not do further expansion description.

[0038] Several groups of battery module 2 are housed in shell 1 inside, all battery module 2 is sequentially arranged along the length direction of shell 1;

[0039] ​A plurality of air inlets are formed on the back panel 15 of the casing 1, and a suction mechanism is arranged on the front panel 16 of the casing 1. Overall, the cold air outside the casing 1 can enter the first battery module 2 from the back panel 15 in the form of a cold air flow under the driving of the suction mechanism, and then sequentially flow through all the battery modules 2, and then be discharged from the front panel 16 after sufficient heat exchange of all the battery modules 2.

[0040] The upper cover plate 14 of the casing 1 and the top surface of the battery module 2 form a gap therebetween. In this way, the gap between the upper cover plate 14 and the battery module 2 can form a flow path of the cold air flow, and the cold air flow can flow through the flow path between the upper cover plate 14 and the battery module 2, further improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0041] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5 Each battery module 2 includes a battery cell 21 and a heat dissipation plate 22. All the battery cells 21 are connected in series in the circuit and arranged in an array in the structure. In the width direction of the casing 1, at least one heat dissipation plate 22 is arranged between every two adjacent battery cells 21. The specific number of heat dissipation plates 22 arranged between every two adjacent battery cells 21 can be determined according to the actual height of the battery cell 21. The adjacent heat dissipation plates 22 are stacked in the height direction of the battery cell 21. Vent holes 221 are formed in the length direction of the casing 1 through the heat dissipation plate 22. The cold air flow can pass through the vent holes 221. When the battery cell 21 generates heat, the heat of the battery cell 21 can be transferred to the heat dissipation plate 22. The cold air flow can take away the heat while passing through the vent holes 221 of the heat dissipation plate 22, thereby cooling the battery cell 21.

[0042] In order to compensate for the problem of insufficient cooling of the battery pack due to the long heat dissipation path when the number of battery cells or modules is large in the prior art, air inlets are arranged in at least several directions of the casing 1. In order to cooperate with the arrangement of the air inlets, it is preferred that two adjacent battery modules 2 are arranged at intervals, and a module-to-module air duct 4 is formed by the first side plate 11, the second side plate 12, the bottom plate 13, the upper cover plate 14, and the two battery modules 2 themselves at the interval.

[0043] The air inlets preferably include first air inlets 31 and second air inlets 32. The first air inlets 31 are formed on the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12, and the second air inlets 32 are formed on the bottom plate 13. The first air inlets 31 and the second air inlets 32 are in communication with the module-to-module air duct 4.

[0044] The actual opening position of the first air inlet 31 is preferably corresponding to the position of the inter-module air duct 4, located on the extension line of the inter-module air duct 4, and preferably uniformly distributed along the height direction of the machine shell 1, and the cold air flow outside the machine shell 1 can pass through the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12 into the inter-module air duct 4 from the first air inlet 31;

[0045] The actual opening position of the second air inlet 32 corresponds to the position of the inter-module air duct 4, located directly below the inter-module air duct 4, and preferably uniformly distributed along the width direction of the machine shell 1, and the cold air flow outside the machine shell 1 can pass through the bottom plate 13 into the inter-module air duct 4 from the second air inlet 32;

[0046] In this way, the outside of the machine shell 1 and the inter-module air duct 4 can be connected through the air inlet, so that the cold air outside the machine shell 1 can enter the inter-module air duct 4 from the first air inlet 31 and the second air inlet 32, so that after the heat dissipation of the previous battery module 2 is completed, new cold air flow can be supplemented from the outside of the machine shell 1 through the air inlet into the inter-module air duct 4, and the newly entered cold air flow can be mixed with the cold air flow passing through the previous battery module 2, so that the cold air flow is supplemented before entering the next battery module 2, so as to improve the cooling capacity, and then cool the next battery module 2, effectively avoiding the situation that the cooling of the next battery module 2 is insufficient due to the long heat dissipation path after the previous battery module 2 is cooled, and when the number of battery modules 2 or the number of battery cells 21 is large, the situation that the temperature difference between the head and tail of the battery pack is too large is improved;

[0047] In the embodiment, the air inlet can be provided on the back plate 15, the first side plate 11, the second side plate 12 and the bottom plate 13, and in actual application, the specific setting of the first air inlet 31 and the second air inlet 32 can be flexibly selected according to actual use requirements, and the first air inlet 31 or the second air inlet 32 can be separately provided, or the first air inlet 31 and the second air inlet 32 can be provided at the same time, but it is worth noting that if one of the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12 is provided with the first air inlet 31, the other one must also be provided with the first air inlet 31, so as to avoid uneven air flow.

[0048] In the embodiment, the suction mechanism is preferably a fan 5, and the fan 5 is connected to the front plate 16, so that the fan 5 can suck at the front plate 16, thereby effectively guiding the flow of all air ducts in the machine shell 1;

[0049] The number of fans 5 is preferably two, and the two fans 5 are symmetrically arranged, and each fan 5 can cover a certain range to improve the flow guiding effect of the cold air flow.

[0050] In this embodiment, due to the spacing between the two adjacent battery modules 2, additional fixing structure is needed to fix the two battery modules 2 at the module-to-module air duct 4, so the cabinet 1 further comprises a module-to-module support 17, which is located in the module-to-module air duct 4 and connected with the two adjacent battery modules 2 respectively, and the module-to-module support 17 can effectively fix and limit one end of the two battery modules 2 inside the module-to-module air duct 4, reducing displacement and shaking;

[0051] In this embodiment, the number of module-to-module supports 17 corresponding to each module-to-module air duct 4 is preferably two, and the two module-to-module supports 17 are symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction, thereby balancing the stress and effectively improving the fixing effect and limiting effect;

[0052] It is worth noting that since the module-to-module support 17 is arranged at the module-to-module air duct 4, in order to avoid the blockage of air flow caused by the structure of the module-to-module support 17 itself, a plurality of air inlets are preferably formed on the module-to-module support 17 along the width direction of the cabinet 1, so that the air flow can pass through the module-to-module support 17.

[0053] Through the arrangement of the air inlets, a duct structure composed of a plurality of cold air flow paths can be formed, and in this embodiment, there are five cold air flow paths;

[0054] For the first flow path, referring to route A in FIG. Figure 8 , the cold air enters the battery pack from the air inlet of the back panel 15, passes through the ventilation hole 221 of the heat sink 22, and the heat transferred to the heat sink 22 is dissipated under the suction of the fan 5;

[0055] For the second flow path, referring to route B in FIG. Figure 9 , the cold air enters the battery pack from the air inlet of the back panel 15, passes through the gap between the upper cover plate 14 and the upper part of the battery module 2, and the heat on the battery cell 21 is dissipated under the suction of the fan 5;

[0056] For the third flow path, referring to route C in FIG. Figure 8 , the cold air enters the module-to-module air duct 4 from the first air inlet 31 of the first side plate 11, and passes through the ventilation hole 221 of the heat sink 22 of the second battery module 2;

[0057] For the fourth flow path, referring to route D in FIG. Figure 8 , the cold air enters the module-to-module air duct 4 from the first air inlet 31 of the second side plate 12, and passes through the ventilation hole 221 of the heat sink 22 of the second battery module 2;

[0058] For the fifth flow path, referring to route E in FIG. Figure 9The route E is that the cold air enters the inter-module air duct 4 from the second air inlet 32 of the bottom plate 13, and passes through the vent hole 221 of the heat dissipation plate 22 of the second battery module 2.

[0059] Embodiment two

[0060] With reference to Figures 1 to 9 The utility model further provides a battery pack, the battery pack includes battery module and above-mentioned battery pack air channel structure, and a plurality of groups of battery module 2 are housed in the inside of the casing 1 of battery pack air channel structure.

[0061] The battery pack is spaced apart by two adjacent battery modules 2, and the inter-module air duct 4 is formed at the interval, and the casing 1 is communicated with the inter-module air duct 4 through the air inlet, so that the cold air outside the casing 1 can enter the inter-module air duct 4 from the air inlet, and the new cold air flow can be supplemented from the outside of the casing 1 to enter the inter-module air duct 4 after the heat dissipation of the previous battery module 2, and the new cold air flow can be mixed with the cold air flow passing through the previous battery module 2, and the cooling capacity can be improved by supplementing the cold air flow before entering the next battery module 2, and then the next battery module 2 is cooled, which effectively avoids the situation that the cold air is insufficient after cooling the previous battery module 2 due to the long heat dissipation path, and when the number of battery modules 2 or the number of battery cells is large, the situation that the temperature difference between the head and tail of the battery pack is too large can be effectively improved.

[0062] The above is only a specific embodiment of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to this, any skilled person in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the utility model, which should be covered in the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be subject to the protection scope of claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack air duct structure comprising a cabinet for accommodating a plurality of battery module groups, characterized by, The battery modules are arranged in parallel and are spaced apart from each other, and an inter-module air duct is formed at the spacing; the cabinet is provided with air inlets in at least several directions, and the air inlets are in communication with the inter-module air duct.

2. The battery pack air duct structure of claim 1, wherein, The air inlets are located on the two sides, rear and / or bottom of the cabinet, and the front of the cabinet is provided with a suction mechanism.

3. The battery pack air duct structure of claim 2, wherein, The cabinet comprises a first side plate, a second side plate, a bottom plate, an upper cover plate, a back plate and a front plate, and the first side plate, the second side plate, the bottom plate, the upper cover plate, the back plate and the front plate are connected to form an enclosure, and cold air flows into the first battery module from the back plate.

4. The battery pack air duct structure of claim 3, wherein, The air inlets comprise a first air inlet, which is formed on the first side plate and the second side plate, and cold air can flow into the inter-module air duct through the first side plate and the second side plate from the first air inlet.

5. The battery pack air duct structure of claim 4, wherein, The first air inlet is located on the extension line of the inter-module air duct.

6. The battery pack air duct structure of any of claims 3-5, wherein, The air inlets comprise a second air inlet, which is formed on the bottom plate, and cold air can flow into the inter-module air duct through the bottom plate from the second air inlet.

7. The battery pack air duct structure of claim 6, wherein, The second air inlet is located directly below the inter-module air duct.

8. The battery pack air duct structure of claim 3, wherein, A gap is formed between the upper cover plate and the top surface of the battery module.

9. The battery pack air duct structure of claim 3, wherein, The cabinet further comprises an inter-module support, which is located in the inter-module air duct and connected to two adjacent battery modules respectively.

10. A battery pack, characterized by, The battery pack air duct structure comprises a battery module and the battery pack air duct structure according to any one of claims 1-9.

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