Direct cooling and heating management system and energy storage container

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, in particular to a direct cooling and heating management system and an energy storage container. The direct cooling and heating management system is used for conducting heat exchange on a plurality of batteries in the energy storage system and comprises a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger which are sequentially communicated to form a refrigerant loop; the first heat exchanger communicates with the second heat exchanger through a first branch, and the second heat exchanger communicates with the compressor through a second branch. The third heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part exchanging heat with the first heat exchange part, the first heat exchange part is arranged on the first branch, the second heat exchange part is arranged on the second branch, and an air supplementing device is arranged on the inlet side of the first heat exchange part. According to the direct cooling and heating management system, under the severe working condition, the air supplementing device is used for conducting air supplementing and enthalpy increasing on the compressor, the mass flow of a refrigerant passing through the compressor is increased, then the performance of the compressor is improved, and the heat exchange effect of the second heat exchanger on the battery is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application discloses a kind of direct cooling thermal management system and energy storage container, and relates to the technical field of energy storage system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The cabinet type energy storage system is an energy storage system designed and installed in the form of cabinet. It integrates energy storage system, inverter and other necessary components and control equipment to realize the function of storing and converting electric energy. With the increasing demand for energy storage, temperature control of energy storage system is the key to ensure normal operation of the system.

[0003] The compressor is an indispensable component in the temperature control system. During the use of the compressor, the inventors found that the existing technology at least has the following technical problems: in the field of direct cooling heat exchanger for battery, when the compressor is in harsh working conditions, the performance of the compressor is affected, the heating capacity or refrigerating capacity of the system is insufficient, and the consistency of the refrigerant entering the multiple direct cooling cold plates is poor and the temperature uniformity is poor, which affects the cooling or heating effect of the direct cooling cold plate on the battery. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a kind of direct cooling thermal management system and energy storage container, which can at least supplement air and enthalpy for the compressor, improve the performance of the compressor and improve the heat exchange effect of the second heat exchanger on the battery.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a direct cooling thermal management system is provided for heat exchange of multiple batteries in an energy storage system, comprising: a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, and a second heat exchanger connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit;

[0007] The refrigerant circuit includes multiple branches, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are connected by a first branch, and the second heat exchanger and the compressor are connected by a second branch;

[0008] The third heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part in heat exchange with the first heat exchange part, the first heat exchange part is arranged in the first branch, and the second heat exchange part is arranged in the second branch, so that the refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing out of the second heat exchanger, and a gas supplementing device is arranged on the inlet side of the first heat exchange part;

[0009] A third branch connects the gas supplementing port of the compressor and the gas supplementing device.

[0010] In a possible implementation, a on-off valve is arranged on the third branch, and the on-off valve can control the opening and closing of the third branch.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the third branch is provided with a control valve, and the control valve is capable of controlling the opening degree of the third branch.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the gas supplement device is a flash evaporator, the gas phase outlet of the flash evaporator is communicated with the gas supplement port of the compressor, and the gas-liquid phase inlet and the gas-liquid phase outlet of the flash evaporator are communicated with the first branch.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the first branch is provided with a first electronic expansion valve, and the gas-liquid phase inlet of the flash evaporator is communicated with the first electronic expansion valve.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the first branch includes:

[0015] In a possible implementation, the first branch includes:

[0016] The first branch is communicated with the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, the refrigerant circuit includes a second electronic expansion valve and a first one-way valve arranged on the first branch, the first one-way valve only allows refrigerant to flow from the first heat exchanger to the third heat exchanger, and the first heat exchange part and the gas supplement device are located on the first branch.

[0017] The second branch is communicated with the first heat exchanger and the first heat exchange part, and the refrigerant circuit includes a third electronic expansion valve arranged on the second branch.

[0018] The third branch is communicated with the second heat exchanger and the first electronic expansion valve, and the refrigerant circuit includes a second one-way valve arranged on the third branch, and the second one-way valve only allows refrigerant to flow from the second heat exchanger to the third heat exchanger.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the second branch includes:

[0020] The fourth branch is communicated with the multi-way valve and the outlet of the compressor.

[0021] The fifth branch is communicated with the multi-way valve and the inlet of the compressor, and the second heat exchange part is located on the fifth branch.

[0022] In a feasible implementation, the multi-way valve comprises a first interface connected with the compressor outlet, a second interface connected with the first heat exchanger, a third interface connected with the compressor inlet, and a fourth interface connected with the second heat exchanger, and in different modes, different interfaces of the first interface, the second interface, the third interface and the fourth interface are in communication with each other in pairs.

[0023] In a second aspect, a direct-cooling thermal management system is provided.

[0024] The direct-cooling thermal management system provided in the application can improve the mass flow of the refrigerant after the compressor by using the air supplementing device to supplement air and increase enthalpy of the compressor in harsh working conditions, thereby improving the performance of the compressor and the heat exchange effect of the second heat exchanger on the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the thermal management system;

[0027] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant flow in the cooling mode;

[0028] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant flow in the heating mode.

[0029] Reference signs: 1, compressor; 2, first heat exchanger; 3, third heat exchanger; 4, second heat exchanger; 5, first branch; 501, first sub-branch; 502, second sub-branch; 503, third sub-branch; 6, second branch; 601, fourth sub-branch; 602, fifth sub-branch; 7, air supplementing device; 8, third branch; 9, electromagnetic valve; 10, first electronic expansion valve; 11, second electronic expansion valve; 12, first check valve; 13, third electronic expansion valve; 14, second check valve; 15, multi-way valve; 16, medium-temperature temperature sensor; 17, medium-pressure pressure sensor; 18, gas-liquid separator; 19, filter; 20, low-pressure pressure sensor; 21, return air temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0031] To solve the above problems, with reference to Figures 1-3 The embodiment of the present application provides a direct cooling thermal management system for heat exchange of a plurality of batteries in an energy storage system, comprising a compressor 1, a first heat exchanger 2, a third heat exchanger 3, and a second heat exchanger 4 connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit. High-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is provided through the compressor outlet. By controlling the flow direction of the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 4 is directly used for heat exchange with the battery in different modes, and then the temperature transfer between the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 4 and the battery is realized.

[0032] The refrigerant circuit comprises a plurality of branch circuits, and the plurality of branch circuits are used to realize the connection of the components. The first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 are connected through a first branch circuit 5, and the second heat exchanger 4 and the compressor 1 are connected through a second branch circuit 6, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor outlet can be matched through the first branch circuit 5 and the second branch circuit 6 to realize refrigeration mode circulation or heating mode circulation.

[0033] The third heat exchanger 3 comprises a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part in heat exchange with the first heat exchange part. The first heat exchange part is arranged in the first branch circuit 5 and used as a heat release part, and the second heat exchange part is arranged in the second branch circuit 6 and used as a heat absorption part, so that the refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger 2 is in heat exchange with the refrigerant flowing out of the second heat exchanger 4. The refrigerant entering the first heat exchange part exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchange part, so that the supercooling degree of the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchange part and flowing to the second heat exchanger 4 is increased. In the refrigeration mode, if the refrigerant not exchanged by the third heat exchanger 3 directly flows to the second heat exchanger 4, the supercooling degree of the refrigerant is small, and when the refrigerant is controlled by pressure drop in the subsequent process, the refrigerant has flash evaporation problem, so that the second heat exchangers 4 cannot realize consistent flow distribution and temperature equalization. The refrigerant exchanged by the third heat exchanger 3 has increased supercooling degree, so that even if the refrigerant flowing to the second heat exchanger 4 is controlled by pressure drop in the subsequent process, the refrigerant can still remain in liquid state and will not cause flash evaporation, thereby ensuring the consistent flow distribution of the second heat exchangers 4 and the temperature equalization of the second heat exchangers 4, and meeting the demand of direct heat exchange of the refrigerant with the battery.

[0034] And the first heat exchange part is provided with a gas supplement device 7 on the inlet side, and the gas supplement device 7 is communicated with the gas supplement port of the compressor 1 through a third branch 8. During the process that the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor outlet flows to the second heat exchanger 4 through the first heat exchanger 2, or during the process that the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor outlet flows to the first heat exchanger 2 through the second heat exchanger 4, part of the refrigerant can flow to the gas supplement port of the compressor 1 through the third branch 8, so as to realize the gas supplement and enthalpy increase of the compressor 1.

[0035] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 In the refrigeration mode, after the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor outlet flows to the first heat exchanger 2 to release heat, and then the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant formed flows to the first heat exchange part of the third heat exchanger 3. During the process that the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows to the first heat exchange part, the liquid refrigerant is subjected to pressure drop control before entering the gas supplement device 7, so as to form a gas-liquid mixture. The gas-liquid mixture enters the gas supplement device 7, and the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant are separated by the gas supplement device 7. The gaseous refrigerant is guided to the compressor 1, and the liquid refrigerant flows to the first heat exchange part. After the liquid refrigerant releases heat in the first heat exchange part, the refrigerant directly flows to the second heat exchanger 4 through the first branch 5. After the refrigerant is subjected to pressure drop treatment, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 4. The refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 4 directly exchanges heat with the battery, and then the low-temperature and low-pressure wet vapor refrigerant with a dryness less than 1 formed in the second heat exchanger 4 flows to the compressor inlet through the second branch 6. During the process that the refrigerant in the second branch 6 flows to the compressor inlet, the refrigerant in the second branch 6 exchanges heat with the liquid refrigerant in the first heat exchange part through the second heat exchange part, so that the gaseous refrigerant entering the second heat exchange part absorbs heat, and then the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant formed enters the compressor inlet. The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing out of the second heat exchange part is mixed with the medium-temperature and medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing out of the gas supplement device 7 in the middle of compression. After being compressed by the compressor 1, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the compressor outlet, and then a refrigeration cycle is completed.

[0036] The above-mentioned use of the medium-temperature and medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant entering from the gas supplement port of the compressor 1 to realize the gas supplement and enthalpy increase of the compressor 1 in the refrigeration mode divides the original single-stage compression process into a quasi-two-stage compression process, increases the unit refrigeration capacity, reduces the exhaust temperature of the compressor outlet, expands the refrigeration temperature range, enhances the refrigeration effect, reduces the emission of harmful gas and the risk of environmental pollution, and significantly improves the energy utilization rate of the compressor 1 in the refrigeration mode, thereby improving the efficiency of the compressor 1 and the performance of the refrigeration mode.

[0037] In the heating mode, referring to Figure 3, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant formed by the compressor 1 is guided to the second heat exchanger 4, and the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 4 is directly exchanged with the battery to form high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant formed in the process of flowing to the first heat exchange part of the third heat exchanger 3 is subjected to pressure drop control before entering the air supplementing device 7, and a gas-liquid mixture is formed. The gas-liquid mixture enters the air supplementing device 7, and the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant are separated by the air supplementing device 7. The gaseous refrigerant is guided to the compressor 1, and the liquid refrigerant flows to the first heat exchange part. After heat release in the first heat exchange part, the liquid refrigerant continues to flow to the first heat exchanger 2 along the first branch 5. After pressure drop processing and heat exchange through the first heat exchanger 2, low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is formed and flows to the compressor inlet. In the process of flowing to the compressor inlet, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant passes through the second heat exchange part, and the refrigerant in the second branch 6 exchanges heat with the liquid refrigerant in the first heat exchange part, so that the gaseous refrigerant entering the second heat exchange part absorbs heat, and then low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is formed and enters the compressor inlet. The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing out of the second heat exchange part is mixed with the medium-temperature and medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing out of the air supplementing device 7 in the middle of compression. After compression by the compressor 1, high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the compressor outlet, and a heating cycle is completed.

[0038] The above-mentioned use of the medium-temperature and medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant entering the air supplementing device 1 of the compressor 1 to supplement air and increase enthalpy of the compressor 1 in the heating mode can improve the mass flow rate of the refrigerant after the compressor 1 in a low-temperature environment, thereby improving the heating capacity of the battery and expanding the heating temperature range. While ensuring the heating effect, the energy consumption can be significantly reduced, and the performance of the compressor 1 can be improved.

[0039] It should be noted that the second heat exchanger 4 is a direct cooling cold plate directly contacted with the energy storage battery for heat exchange. The second heat exchanger 4 is provided with at least one, and each second heat exchanger 4 corresponds to an energy storage battery with heat exchange demand. When the second heat exchanger 4 is provided with a plurality of second heat exchangers 4, the plurality of second heat exchangers 4 are connected in parallel, and the plurality of second heat exchangers 4 are connected with the first branch 5 through a first stop valve and connected with the compressor inlet through a second stop valve.

[0040] In some embodiments, the third heat exchanger 3 is of a shell-and-tube structure, the first heat exchange part is of a shell structure, the shell structure is internally communicated with the heat-releasing refrigerant flowing in from the first branch 5, the second heat exchange part is of a tube bundle structure arranged in the shell structure, the tube bundle structure is internally communicated with the heat-absorbing refrigerant flowing in from the second branch 6, and the heat transfer is realized by heat exchange between the outer surfaces of the tube bundle structure; or, the third heat exchanger 3 is of a double-pipe structure, the first heat exchange part is of a first pipe structure, the first pipe structure is internally communicated with the heat-releasing refrigerant flowing in from the first branch 5, the second heat exchange part is of a second pipe structure arranged in the first pipe structure, the second pipe structure is internally communicated with the heat-absorbing refrigerant flowing in from the second branch 6, and the heat transfer is realized by heat exchange between the outer surfaces of the second pipe structure; or, the third heat exchanger 3 is of a plate structure, the first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part are both of plate structures, the heat-releasing refrigerant flows in the first plate structure belonging to the first heat exchange part, and the heat-absorbing refrigerant flows in the second plate structure belonging to the second heat exchange part, and the heat transfer is realized by heat exchange between the contact surfaces of the first plate structure and the second plate structure.

[0041] In a feasible implementation, the third branch 8 is provided with a on-off valve, the medium-temperature medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing from the gas supplement device 7 to the compressor 1 passes through the on-off valve and then reaches the gas supplement port of the compressor 1, and the on-off valve can control the opening and closing of the third branch 8. That is, in some working conditions, the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant introduced into the compressor inlet alone can support the compressor 1 to perform a refrigeration cycle or a heating cycle, so as to meet the heat exchange demand of the battery. In this working condition, the third branch 8 is closed by the on-off valve, the refrigerant in the gas supplement device 7 is blocked by the on-off valve and cannot flow to the gas supplement port of the compressor 1 through the third branch 8, at this time, the gas supplement device 7 is only used as a refrigerant flow path, the first electronic expansion valve 10 is fully opened to release the pressure drop control of the refrigerant, and the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger 2 to the first heat exchange part or the refrigerant flowing from the second heat exchanger 4 to the first heat exchange part passes through the gas supplement device 7, the refrigerant does not produce gas-liquid separation in the gas supplement device 7, and all the refrigerant enters the first heat exchange part to exchange heat with the second heat exchange part. The on-off valve is used to control the gas supplement process, so as to improve the working efficiency of the compressor 1 in the refrigeration mode and the heating mode.

[0042] In a feasible implementation, the third branch 8 is provided with a control valve, the medium-temperature medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing from the gas supplement device 7 to the compressor 1 passes through the control valve and then reaches the gas supplement port of the compressor 1, and the control valve can control the opening degree of the third branch 8.

[0043] In one specific embodiment, the on-off valve and the control valve are two separate valve structures, the on-off valve is used to control the opening and closing of the third branch 8, and the control valve works in the state that the on-off valve opens the third branch 8 to communicate the air supplement device 7 and the air supplement port of the compressor 1. The control valve controls the flow of the gaseous refrigerant from the air supplement device 7 to the air supplement port of the compressor 1 by adjusting the opening degree of the control valve, so that the air supplement port of the compressor 1 can obtain the optimal air supplement pressure and air supplement temperature. The on-off valve described above is a mechanical valve structure, which is opened and closed manually. Of course, the on-off valve can also be an electronic valve, which is opened and closed by the control system. The control valve is an electronic valve, which is controlled by the control system to change the opening degree of the control valve.

[0044] Alternatively, the on-off valve and the control valve are an integrated valve structure, referring to Figure 1 , for example, an electromagnetic valve 9 is arranged, which not only has the function of controlling the opening and closing of the third branch 8, but also has the function of controlling the opening degree of the third branch 8.

[0045] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , the air inlet side of the air supplement port of the compressor 1 is provided with a temperature acquisition unit and a pressure acquisition unit. Specifically, the temperature acquisition unit is a medium-temperature temperature sensor 16 arranged on the third branch 8, and the pressure acquisition unit is a medium-pressure pressure sensor 17 arranged on the third branch 8. The medium-pressure pressure sensor 17 and the medium-temperature temperature sensor 16 are used to detect the pressure and temperature of the gaseous refrigerant flowing from the air supplement device 7 to the air supplement port of the compressor 1, respectively, to ensure that the pressure and temperature of the gaseous refrigerant discharged by the air supplement device 7 match the air supplement port of the compressor 1, and to avoid excessive pressure or temperature difference, which may cause damage to the compressor 1 or reduce the efficiency. In the refrigeration mode and the heating mode, the refrigerant flowing to the air supplement port of the compressor 1 has different required pressure ranges and temperature ranges. Through the feedback of the medium-temperature temperature sensor 16 and the medium-pressure pressure sensor 17, the electromagnetic valve 9 can controllably change the opening degree, so that the air supplement port of the compressor 1 can obtain the optimal air supplement pressure and air supplement temperature in the refrigeration mode and the heating mode.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the air supplement device 7 is a flash evaporator, the gas phase outlet of the flash evaporator is communicated with the air supplement port of the compressor 1, and the gas-liquid phase inlet and the gas-liquid phase outlet of the flash evaporator are communicated with the first branch 5. The position where the flash evaporator is arranged on the first branch 5 is disconnected, so that the refrigerant in the first branch 5 first enters the flash evaporator and then flows to the first heat exchange part through the flash evaporator in the process of flowing to the first heat exchange part. The flash evaporator is used to separate the gas phase and the liquid phase in the refrigerant mixture. The gas phase outlet of the flash evaporator is communicated with the air supplement port of the compressor 1, the gaseous refrigerant generated by the flash evaporation is recovered and introduced into the circulation process again. This helps to reduce gas emission, improve resource utilization, and reduce use cost.

[0047] Alternatively, the gas supplement device 7 is a separate gas-liquid separation device which separates the gas-liquid mixture into gaseous refrigerant and liquid refrigerant, supplies the separated gaseous refrigerant to the gas supplement port of the compressor 1 to supplement the gas and increase the enthalpy of the compressor 1, and supplies the separated liquid refrigerant to the first heat exchange unit for heat exchange.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the first electronic expansion valve 10 is arranged on the first branch 5, and the gas-liquid phase inlet of the flash evaporator is communicated with the first electronic expansion valve 10. In one embodiment, the first electronic expansion valve 10 is arranged at the inlet side of the gas-liquid phase inlet of the flash evaporator, so that the liquid refrigerant needs to pass through the first electronic expansion valve 10 to reach the flash evaporator. When supplementing the gas and increasing the enthalpy of the compressor 1, the first electronic expansion valve 10 controls the pressure drop of the refrigerant entering the flash evaporator, and the pressure of the refrigerant is reduced after passing through the first electronic expansion valve 10, so that the liquid refrigerant is converted into a mixture of gaseous refrigerant and liquid refrigerant. The mixture enters the flash evaporator, the gaseous refrigerant enters the gas supplement port of the compressor 1, and the liquid refrigerant flows to the first heat exchange unit.

[0049] In another embodiment, the first electronic expansion valve 10 is arranged at a position away from the inlet side of the gas-liquid phase inlet of the flash evaporator, for example, at the connection between the first branch 501 and the third branch 503.

[0050] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , the first branch 5 includes a first branch 501 which is communicated with the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4, the refrigerant circuit includes a second electronic expansion valve 11 and a first check valve 12 arranged on the first branch 501, and the first check valve 12 only allows the refrigerant to flow from the first heat exchanger 2 to the third heat exchanger 3. The first heat exchange unit and the gas supplement device 7 are located in the first branch 501. That is, the third heat exchanger 3, the gas supplement device 7 and the first electronic expansion valve 10 are located between the second electronic expansion valve 11 and the first check valve 12. The second branch 502 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 2 and the first heat exchange unit, the refrigerant circuit includes a third electronic expansion valve 13 arranged on the second branch 502, and both ends of the second branch 502 are communicated with the first branch 501, one end of which is located between the first heat exchanger 2 and the first check valve 12, and the other end is located between the third heat exchanger 3 and the second electronic expansion valve 11. The third branch 503 is communicated with the second heat exchanger 4 and the first electronic expansion valve 10, the refrigerant circuit includes a second check valve 14 arranged on the third branch 503, and the second check valve 14 only allows the refrigerant to flow from the second heat exchanger 4 to the third heat exchanger 3. One end of the third branch 503 is communicated with the first branch 501, and the communicated end is located between the first check valve 12 and the first electronic expansion valve 10.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the second branch 6 includes a fourth branch 601 connecting the multi-way valve 15 and the compressor outlet; and a fifth branch 602 connecting the multi-way valve 15 and the compressor inlet, and the second heat exchange portion is located in the fifth branch 602.

[0052] Specifically, in the cooling mode, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing out of the compressor outlet flows to the multi-way valve 15 through the fourth branch 601, and then flows to the first heat exchanger 2, and then flows to the second heat exchanger 4, the second electronic expansion valve 11 is opened, the third electronic expansion valve 13 is closed, the first one-way valve 12 arranged on the first branch 501 allows the refrigerant to pass through, the second one-way valve arranged on the third branch 503 prevents the refrigerant from passing through, the refrigerant discharged from the first heat exchanger 2 flows to the second heat exchanger 4 through the first branch 501, and then flows to the second heat exchanger 4 in sequence through the first electronic expansion valve 10, the gas supplementing device 7, the first heat exchange portion of the third heat exchanger 3, and the second electronic expansion valve 11, and then flows to the multi-way valve 15 from the second heat exchanger 4, and then flows to the compressor inlet through the fifth branch 602, and then flows to the compressor 1 in sequence through the second heat exchange portion of the third heat exchanger 3 and the gas-liquid separator 18.

[0053] In the heating mode, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing out of the compressor outlet flows to the multi-way valve 15 through the fourth branch 601, and then flows to the second heat exchanger 4, and then flows to the first heat exchanger 2 from the second heat exchanger 4 after the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 4 exchanges heat with the battery, the third electronic expansion valve 13 is opened, the second electronic expansion valve 11 is closed, the second one-way valve 14 arranged on the third branch 503 allows the refrigerant to pass through, the first one-way valve 12 arranged on the first branch 501 prevents the refrigerant from passing through, the refrigerant discharged from the second heat exchanger 4 flows to the first heat exchanger 2 through the third branch 503, the first branch 501 and the second branch 502, and then flows to the first heat exchanger 2 in sequence through the first one-way valve 12, the first electronic expansion valve 10, the gas supplementing device 7, the first heat exchange portion of the third heat exchanger 3, and the third electronic expansion valve 13, and then flows to the multi-way valve 15 from the first heat exchanger 2 after heat exchange, and then flows to the compressor inlet through the fifth branch 602, and then flows to the compressor 1 in sequence through the second heat exchange portion of the third heat exchanger 3 and the gas-liquid separator 18.

[0054] According to the above arrangement, in the cooling mode and the heating mode, the refrigerant in the first heat exchange portion and the refrigerant in the second heat exchange portion are counter-current heat exchanged, so that the temperature difference of the refrigerant is maximized, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the insufficient heat exchange caused by too low or too high temperature intersection point is avoided, and the required heat transfer area is smaller under the same heat transfer amount, and the local heat transfer temperature difference of the refrigerant at any position of the heat transfer surface is more uniform.

[0055] Further, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, a filter 19 is arranged between the third heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 4, the filter 19 is arranged on the first branch 501 and preferably located between the second electronic expansion valve 11 and the third heat exchanger 3, the filter 19 is mainly used to remove impurities in the refrigerant, so as to ensure the normal operation of the system.

[0056] In a feasible implementation, the multi-way valve 15 includes a first interface connected with the compressor outlet, a second interface connected with the first heat exchanger 2, a third interface connected with the compressor inlet, and a fourth interface connected with the second heat exchanger 4, and in different modes, different interfaces of the first interface, the second interface, the third interface and the fourth interface are communicated in pairs.

[0057] The multi-way valve 15 is used to realize different flow directions of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit in the refrigeration mode and the heating mode. Specifically, in the refrigeration mode, the first interface and the second interface are communicated, and the third interface and the fourth interface are communicated, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor outlet needs to pass through the first interface and the second interface to reach the first heat exchanger 2, and the low-temperature and low-pressure wet vapor refrigerant with a dryness less than 1 discharged from the second heat exchanger 4 reaches the compressor inlet after passing through the third interface and the fourth interface, to complete a refrigeration cycle. In the heating mode, the first interface and the fourth interface are communicated, and the second interface and the third interface are communicated, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor outlet needs to pass through the first interface and the fourth interface to reach the second heat exchanger 4, and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the first heat exchanger 2 reaches the compressor inlet after passing through the second interface and the third interface, to complete a heating cycle. The multi-way valve 15 is arranged to realize the change of the refrigerant flow direction, which has a simple structure and is convenient to operate.

[0058] The refrigerant circuit includes a gas-liquid separator 18, before the refrigerant enters the compressor inlet, the gas-liquid separator 18 is used to absorb moisture and store refrigerant liquid, so that the inlet of the compressor 1 only inhales gaseous refrigerant, avoiding the phenomenon of liquid strike caused by liquid refrigerant entering the compressor 1. At the same time, a low-pressure pressure sensor 20 and a return gas temperature sensor 21 are arranged between the compressor inlet and the gas-liquid separator 18, the low-pressure pressure sensor 20 and the return gas temperature sensor 21 are respectively used to detect the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant entering the compressor 1, and to feedback the control system in real time for adjustment, so that the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 are kept in the most suitable range through the control system adjustment.

[0059] In a second aspect, an energy storage container is provided, which belongs to the field of energy storage and has a plurality of energy storage batteries. The above-mentioned direct cooling heat management system is used for direct cooling heat exchange of the energy storage batteries, so as to ensure the normal operation of the energy storage batteries.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that, in this document, the term "only" is used simply to set off from one entity or action to another in order to avoid the use of the term "and / or" or the like for the sake of clarity. In no way should the term "only" be interpreted as implying that there is an implied exclusion of any referenced entity or action. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises a... " does not, without more constraints, exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the recited element.

[0061] The above description of disclosed embodiments provides enabling teaching for making or using the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A direct cooling and heating management system, characterized in that, Used for heat exchange of multiple batteries in an energy storage system, including: a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, and a second heat exchanger connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit; The refrigerant circuit includes multiple branches, with the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger connected through the first branch, and the second heat exchanger and the compressor connected through the second branch; The third heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange section and a second heat exchange section that exchanges heat with the first heat exchange section. The first heat exchange section is located in the first branch, and the second heat exchange section is located in the second branch, so that the refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing out of the second heat exchanger. A gas replenishment device is provided on the inlet side of the first heat exchange section. The third branch connects the air inlet of the compressor and the air supply device.

2. The direct cooling and heating management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A shut-off valve is installed on the third branch, which can control the opening and closing of the third branch.

3. The direct cooling and heating management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A control valve is installed on the third branch, which can control the opening degree of the third branch.

4. The direct cooling and heating management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressor is equipped with a temperature acquisition unit and a pressure acquisition unit on the air inlet side.

5. The direct cooling and heating management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas supply device is a flash evaporator. The gas phase outlet of the flash evaporator is connected to the gas supply port of the compressor. The gas-liquid phase inlet and gas-liquid phase outlet of the flash evaporator are connected to the first branch.

6. The direct cooling and heating management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first electronic expansion valve is provided on the first branch, and the gas-liquid phase inlet of the flash evaporator is connected to the first electronic expansion valve.

7. The direct cooling and heating management system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first branch includes: The first branch circuit connects the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. The refrigerant circuit includes a second electronic expansion valve and a first check valve disposed on the first branch circuit. The first check valve only allows refrigerant to flow from the first heat exchanger to the third heat exchanger. The first heat exchange section and the gas replenishment device are located on the first branch circuit. The second branch circuit connects the first heat exchanger and the first heat exchange section, and the refrigerant circuit includes a third electronic expansion valve disposed on the second branch circuit; The third branch connects the second heat exchanger and the first electronic expansion valve. The refrigerant circuit includes a second check valve disposed on the third branch, and the second check valve only allows refrigerant to flow from the second heat exchanger to the third heat exchanger.

8. The direct cooling and heating management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second branch includes: The fourth branch connects the multi-way valve and the compressor outlet; The fifth branch connects the multi-way valve and the compressor inlet, and the second heat exchange section is located in the fifth branch.

9. The direct cooling and heating management system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The multi-port valve includes a first interface connected to the compressor outlet, a second interface connected to the first heat exchanger, a third interface connected to the compressor inlet, and a fourth interface connected to the second heat exchanger. In different modes, different interfaces among the first interface, the second interface, the third interface, and the fourth interface are connected in pairs.

10. An energy storage container, characterized in that, Includes the direct cooling and heating management system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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