Foundation-fixing anti-seepage pad and ballast bed structure for reinforcing and repairing railway ballast track

Abstract

The utility model discloses a foundation-fixing anti-seepage pad and a ballast bed structure for reinforcing and repairing a railway ballast track. The foundation fixing anti-seepage pad is of a micro-arch structure with the middle higher than the two sides in the track direction and comprises a bottom surface anti-seepage layer, a middle grid layer and a surface protection layer, and the bottom surface anti-seepage layer and the surface protection layer are compounded on the lower surface and the upper surface of the middle grid layer through a binding agent. And the middle grid layer is a fiber reinforced composite material grid. The foundation-fixing anti-seepage pad provided by the utility model is combined with the actual condition of a railway, integrates reinforcement and seepage prevention, has better mechanical property, high elongation percentage and excellent long-term corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and seepage resistance, has stronger horizontal constraint effect on ballast particles, can obviously enhance the bearing capacity of a ballast layer, and can be used for improving the service life of the ballast layer. And sedimentation is effectively slowed down, the problems of frost boiling and the like are reduced, the repair frequency is reduced, and reliable guarantee is provided for safety and stability of a railway system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ballast track bed maintenance and reinforcement, and particularly relates to a railway ballast track reinforcement and repair anti-seepage pad for rapid construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the 1950s, China's railways have experienced rapid development and continuous expansion, becoming one of the longest and busiest railway networks in the world. The total mileage of China's railways has significantly increased over the past few decades. According to the latest data, as of the end of 2021, the total mileage of China's railways exceeded 140,000 kilometers, including high-speed railways, conventional speed railways, and mine railways of different types of railway lines.

[0003] Among them, ballast tracks are widely used in conventional speed railways, mine railways, and other fields. They refer to railway tracks that use ballast stones (gravel) as the track layer on railway lines. They have advantages such as good shock absorption, low price, convenient maintenance, and energy absorption and noise reduction. However, under the influence of high-speed and heavy-load trains and underground water seepage, the track bed is prone to mud and slurry, vertical cumulative settlement, and lateral displacement, leading to track bed degradation. Ballast, as a natural granular material, has almost zero inter-particle cohesion and poor tensile performance. To improve the overall shear strength and stability of the track bed and reduce lateral deformation, there have been research and application of laying geogrids for reinforcement in engineering. However, practical application shows that geogrids, as geotechnical materials for reinforcing railway track beds, can reduce track bed deformation and extend maintenance cycles, but the strength and stiffness of geogrids cannot meet the requirements of railway foundations. In particular, in sections with high underground water levels, mud and slurry lead to serious overall degradation of the track bed structure, and conventional replacement and grouting treatment is time-consuming and labor-intensive, with poor results. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new material and technology that can improve the overall stiffness of the track bed structure and prevent underground water from seeping upwards. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a railway ballast track reinforcement and repair solid foundation anti-seepage pad and track bed structure for rapid construction.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] The utility model provides a railway ballast track reinforcement and repair solid foundation anti-seepage pad first, solid foundation anti-seepage pad is in the track direction and presents the micro-arch structure of the middle high both sides low, including bottom surface anti-seepage layer, middle grid layer and surface protection layer, bottom surface anti-seepage layer and surface protection layer are compounded in the lower surface and the upper surface of middle grid layer through the adhesive, and middle grid layer is the fiber reinforced composite material grid.

[0007] The thickness of the fiber-reinforced composite mesh is 1-5mm, and is higher in the middle and lower on both sides along the track direction; the thickness of the bottom surface impermeable layer is 0.5-0.6mm; and the thickness of the surface protection layer is not less than 3.5mm.

[0008] The mesh of the fiber-reinforced composite mesh is square, and the mesh side length is 50-100mm.

[0009] The tensile strength of the fiber-reinforced composite mesh is not less than 2000MPa, and the fiber-reinforced composite mesh node tensile force is not less than 6kN.

[0010] The fiber-reinforced composite mesh is a carbon fiber-reinforced composite mesh, a glass fiber-reinforced composite mesh, a basalt fiber-reinforced composite mesh and a hybrid fiber-reinforced composite mesh.

[0011] The bottom surface impermeable layer is a waterproof geomembrane, and the bottom surface impermeable layer surface is provided with anti-skid granular protrusions.

[0012] The surface protection layer is a flexible geotextile with impermeable and drainage functions, and the breaking strength is not less than 14.0kN / m, and the tear strength is not less than 0.5kN.

[0013] The solid base impermeable pad provided by the utility model combines the actual situation of railway, takes into account the reinforcement and impermeability in one, has better mechanical properties, high elongation and excellent long-term corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and impermeability, has stronger horizontal constraint effect on ballast particles, can significantly enhance the bearing capacity of the ballast layer, effectively slows down the settlement, reduces the problems such as slurry turning and reduces the repair frequency, provides reliable guarantee for the safety and stability of the railway system.

[0014] The utility model further provides a ballast track bed structure of railway, including: subgrade bottom layer, bed, ballast layer and solid base impermeable pad, subgrade bottom layer, bed, solid base impermeable pad and ballast layer are sequentially laid from bottom to top.

[0015] The utility model provides a railway ballast track reinforcement and repair is with anti -infiltration pad which constitutes by fiber reinforced composite material grid, solid base anti -infiltration pad is along the track direction and presents the microdome structure of the middle high both sides low, including bottom surface anti -infiltration layer, central grid layer and surface protection layer, the composite forming of each material layer is through the adhesive, bottom surface anti -infiltration layer is waterproof geomembrane, has good mechanical strength and excellent puncture resistance, and the surface is equipped with granular convex part, can prevent the mat material sliding or misplacement, central grid layer is fiber reinforced composite material grid, including but not limited to carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber and its hybrid fiber grid, can bend and facilitate construction, and the strength is high and is not less than 2000MPa, rigid node, node tensile resistance is not less than 6kN, and the corrosion resistance is excellent, surface protection layer is flexible geotextile, not only has high tensile strength and tear strength, but also integrates the anti -infiltration and drainage effect, and is not easy to be pressed and destroyed by the ballast stone.

[0016] Preferably, the waterproof geomembrane is a high-density polyethylene film; the fiber reinforced composite material grid includes but is not limited to carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber and their hybrid fibers; the flexible geotextile is a geotextile composite film; and the high-adhesion hot melt adhesive particles include but are not limited to EVA and TPU hot melt adhesive particles.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0018] 1. The solid base anti-infiltration pad has a three-layer structure, the middle layer is a grid, the upper and lower layers are film layers, and the film layers are directly formed on the middle grid; the grid is the main force structure, can effectively control the overall settlement of the track, and the large-area mesh of the grid provides deformation space for the upper and lower film layers, so that the upper and lower film layers can deform when subjected to impact from the upper and lower parts without being directly damaged, and can also have a good buffering effect to better protect the main structure. The entire upper surface of the solid base anti-infiltration pad is micro-arched, facilitating water drainage of the upper surface layer.

[0019] 2. The bottom surface anti-infiltration layer, which is a high-density polyethylene film, can prevent the upward flow of mud. In some railway sections with high groundwater level or soil permeability, mud can break through the roadbed and flow upward to the ballast layer and the pavement through cracks and gaps. By placing the high-density polyethylene film, the upward flow of mud can be effectively prevented, the stability and drainage performance of the ballast layer can be maintained, and the anti-slip ability of the pad can be increased through the surface granular convex part.

[0020] 3, the central grid layer-fiber reinforced composite grid as the main force material can effectively control the overall settlement of the track. The grid has the characteristics of large node stiffness and high strength, which can enhance the bearing capacity of the ballast layer. By embedding the grid into the ballast layer, uniform constraint and support are provided to prevent settlement and deformation of the ballast layer, and to disperse the influence of train load on the ballast layer, thereby improving the service life and operational safety of the railway.

[0021] 4, the surface protection layer-geotextile composite film can prevent the damage of the grid to the grid. The ballast in the ballast layer may impact and press the grid, and the geotextile composite film as a protective layer can effectively disperse and reduce the impact force, and cooperate with the central grid layer to form a micro-arch structure with high middle and low sides along the track direction. The surface protection layer integrates anti-seepage and drainage functions, which can improve the overall service life and stability of the material.

[0022] 5, the integrated solid base anti-seepage pad is light in weight and high in strength, and is convenient for manual loading and unloading and operation; the structure is simple, the construction is convenient and efficient, the labor intensity can be effectively reduced, and the solid base anti-seepage pad is suitable for different types and conditions of railway ballast layers. Meanwhile, the material adopts high-performance fiber reinforced composite material, which has high durability and corrosion resistance, can stably play a role for a long time under the environment conditions of high underground water level or other acid, alkali and salt, and has greatly improved service life compared with conventional geogrid or steel-plastic grid.

[0023] 6, the solid base anti-seepage pad for railway ballast track bed reinforcement and repair method proposed by the utility model compared with the traditional replacement scheme, the sand cushion layer thickness can be greatly thinned or directly omitted, the solid base anti-seepage pad is arranged between the ballast layer and the bed, and good "interlocking effect" and "net effect" can be formed, and the overall settlement control effect is significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the utility model together with embodiments of the utility model, and do not constitute a limitation to the utility model.

[0025] In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 It is the main structure schematic diagram of the anti-seepage pad for railway ballast track reinforcement and repair of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of the anti-seepage pad for railway ballast track reinforcement and repair of the utility model along the track side.

[0028] Figure 3 It is the reinforcement schematic diagram of the anti-seepage pad for railway ballast track reinforcement and repair of the utility model.

[0029] Figure label: 1, solid base impermeable pad main body, 2, bottom surface impermeable layer, 3, middle grid layer, 4, surface protection layer, 5, hot melt adhesive particles, 6, subgrade bottom layer, 7, bed, 8, ballast layer, 9, steel rail and sleeper, 10 sand cushion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the utility model are described below in combination with the drawings, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model. Example 1

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 An impermeable pad for quickly constructing and repairing a railway ballast track, which is in a micro-arch structure with high middle and low sides along the track direction, the solid base impermeable pad main body 1 comprises a bottom surface impermeable layer 2, a middle grid layer 3 and a surface protection layer 4, and each surface layer material is integrally formed by bonding agent.

[0032] The bottom surface impermeable layer 2 is a waterproof geomembrane, specifically a high-density polyethylene film, with a thickness of 40-80 silk, which ensures that the material has good mechanical strength and excellent puncture resistance, and the surface is provided with granular protrusions to prevent the pad from sliding or mispositioning.

[0033] The middle grid layer 3 is a fiber-reinforced composite grid, including but not limited to carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber and hybrid fiber grid, preferably basalt fiber grid, which is integrally formed by an integrated forming process, light weight and high strength, with a tensile strength of 2100MPa, rigid nodes, node tensile force not less than 6.2kN, and high corrosion resistance. The mesh size is 25mm~50mm, and along the track direction, the thickness of the limb is large in the middle (4~5mm) and small on both sides (1~2mm).

[0034] The surface protection layer 4 is a flexible geotextile, specifically a geotextile composite film, with a weight of 500-1000g / m 2 Not only has high tensile strength and tear resistance to prevent damage to the grid by ballast, but also integrates impermeable and drainage functions, and cooperates with the micro-arch middle grid layer to effectively drain water to both sides of the track.

[0035] The bonding agent 5 is a high-viscosity hot melt adhesive particle, preferably a low-temperature thermoplastic polyurethane rubber, which can be melted at a low temperature of 50℃, has a fast curing speed, has elasticity to effectively resist external pressure and vibration, and uses a film coating process during production to ensure overall stability and bonding strength. Example 2

[0036] The embodiment provides a ballast track bed structure of a railway, which comprises a subgrade bottom layer 6, a subgrade 7 and a ballast layer 8, and a solid base anti-seepage pad 1 is arranged in the ballast track bed structure and is arranged at the bottom surface of the ballast layer 8 and the top surface of the subgrade 7.

[0037] The solid base anti-seepage pad 1 can be used for new ballast track laying and also can be used for reinforcing the existing ballast track.

[0038] The reinforcing method for the existing ballast track is as follows:

[0039] Firstly, the steel rail and the sleeper 9 are removed, the deteriorated ballast layer 8 is excavated, and the aged, damaged or deteriorated ballast layer is removed; then the subgrade bottom layer 6 is treated, mainly including cleaning the sundries, loose particles and gravel on the surface of the base layer and replacing and tamping; the tamping of the base layer can improve the compactness and bearing capacity of the base layer, and provides a good foundation for laying the railway solid base anti-seepage pad 1. After the treatment of the subgrade bottom layer 6 is completed, the subgrade 7 is backfilled to the design elevation, the top of the subgrade is backfilled with a 3-5cm sand cushion layer 10 for foundation leveling and elevation adjustment, and finally the railway solid base anti-seepage pad 1 is laid on the sand cushion layer 10 and is covered and backfilled with clean ballast particles until the ballast particles are filled to the design required thickness, so that the consistency and uniformity of the ballast layer 8 are ensured. Compared with the traditional replacement scheme, the solid base anti-seepage pad is arranged between the ballast layer and the subgrade, can form a good “interlocking effect” and “net effect”, the thickness of the sand cushion layer can be greatly reduced or directly omitted, and the overall settlement control effect is significantly improved.

Claims

1. A foundation-stabilizing and seepage-proof mat for reinforcing and repairing ballast tracks of railways, characterized in that, The solid foundation seepage-proof mat (1) has a micro-arched structure with a high middle and low sides along the track direction, including a bottom surface seepage-proof layer (2), a middle grid layer (3) and a surface protection layer (4). The bottom surface seepage-proof layer (2) and the surface protection layer (4) are bonded together on the lower and upper surfaces of the middle grid layer (3) by an adhesive (5). The middle grid layer (3) is a fiber-reinforced composite material grid.

2. The foundation-stabilizing and seepage-proofing mat for reinforcing and repairing ballast track according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the fiber-reinforced composite mesh is 1-5mm, and it is distributed with a high center and low sides along the track direction; the thickness of the bottom surface anti-seepage layer (2) is 0.5-0.6mm; the thickness of the surface protective layer (4) is not less than 3.5mm.

3. The foundation-stabilizing and seepage-proofing mat for reinforcing and repairing ballast track according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mesh of the fiber-reinforced composite material is square, with a mesh side length of 50-100mm.

4. The foundation-stabilizing and seepage-proof mat for reinforcing and repairing ballast track according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tensile strength of the fiber-reinforced composite mesh is not less than 2000 MPa, and the tensile strength of the fiber-reinforced composite mesh node is not less than 6 kN.

5. The foundation-stabilizing and seepage-proof mat for reinforcing and repairing ballast track according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The fiber-reinforced composite material mesh is a carbon fiber reinforced composite material mesh, a glass fiber reinforced composite material mesh, a basalt fiber reinforced composite material mesh, or a hybrid fiber-reinforced composite material mesh.

6. The foundation-stabilizing and seepage-proof mat for reinforcing and repairing ballast track according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The bottom surface impermeable layer (2) is a waterproof geomembrane; the surface of the bottom surface impermeable layer (2) is provided with anti-slip granular protrusions.

7. The foundation-fixing and seepage-proof mat for reinforcing and repairing ballast track of railways according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The surface protective layer (4) is a flexible geotextile with seepage prevention and drainage, with a tensile strength of not less than 14.0 kN / m and a tear strength of not less than 0.5 kN.

8. A track bed structure for ballasted railway tracks, characterized in that, include: The roadbed, subgrade, ballast layer, and the foundation-stabilizing and seepage-proof mat as described in any one of claims 1-7 are laid sequentially from bottom to top.

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