Sequence gear shifting device and sequence transmission

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of transmissions, in particular to a sequential gear shifting device and a sequential transmission, which comprises a shaft sleeve and a gear shifting mandrel, the gear shifting mandrel is rotatably arranged in the shaft sleeve, and a reverse gear driving part and a plurality of forward gear driving parts are axially arranged on the side wall of the gear shifting mandrel. Pawls matched with the reverse gear driving part and the forward gear driving parts respectively are rotationally arranged on the shaft sleeve, a protruding part is arranged at the head end of each pawl, an elastic piece is arranged below each protruding part, and the tail end of each pawl can slide on the outer wall of the gear shifting mandrel under the gear shifting mandrel and can be switched between the two states of entering the corresponding gear driving parts; according to the transmission, gear shifting can be achieved without a clutch system, and the conditions of power loss and stall are avoided; in the gear shifting process, a gear is always in the engaged state; the reverse gear can be engaged without stopping the vehicle stably, and a steep slope slow descending function is achieved; the transmission has a manual-automatic integrated speed change function.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to transmission technical field especially relates to a sequence gear shifting device and sequence transmission. BACKGROUND

[0002] The common electric tricycle on market mostly does not equip transmission, mainly because the electric tricycle design often focuses on simple use and economy, its power system is simple, and the maintenance cost is relatively low. However, such design will appear power deficiency when facing complex road conditions, especially when carrying heavy load, and cannot run fast when carrying light load. For some electric tricycles equipped with transmission, the existing transmission internal structure includes clutch, synchronizing ring and other components, so that the transmission volume is relatively large, the structure is complex and the cost is high. In addition, the vehicle equipped with the transmission needs to loosen the throttle, step on the clutch and then shift gears. After stepping on the clutch, the engine and the transmission system are disconnected, and in this process, the vehicle will lose power source and speed, and there is a situation of insufficient continuous power. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the problems of large volume of transmission and power loss caused by disconnection of transmission and engine in the prior art, the utility model provides a sequence transmission, which has the characteristics of small volume and continuous power in the gear shifting process compared with the existing transmission.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:

[0005] A sequence gear shifting device, comprising a shaft sleeve and a gear shifting core shaft, the gear shifting core shaft is rotationally arranged in the shaft sleeve, the side wall of the gear shifting core shaft is provided with a reverse drive part and a plurality of forward drive parts along the axial direction, a pawl matched with the reverse drive part and the plurality of forward drive parts is rotationally arranged on the shaft sleeve, the head end of the pawl is provided with a protruding part, an elastic member is arranged below the protruding part, and the tail end of the pawl can be transformed between the two states of sliding on the outer wall of the gear shifting core shaft and entering the corresponding gear drive part; the head end of the reverse drive part corresponding to the pawl and the head end of the forward drive part corresponding to the pawl are oppositely arranged, the forward drive parts are uniformly distributed according to the gear sequence with an angle F, the angle F is 360 / (N-1), or the forward drive parts and the reverse drive part are uniformly distributed according to the gear sequence with an angle F, the angle F is 360 / N, and N is the number of gears; a gear shifting gear matched with the pawl is rotationally arranged on the shaft sleeve; and an output gear is fixed on the outside of the shaft sleeve.

[0006] Further, the gear shifting gear corresponding to the reverse gear and the gear shifting gear corresponding to the first gear are the same.

[0007] Further, the reverse drive part and the forward drive part and the pawls corresponding to the reverse drive part and the forward drive part are more than one, when more than two, the pawls corresponding to the reverse drive part and the forward drive part are in a rotational angle relationship in the cross section along the axial direction of the gear shift core shaft, and the number of the inner tooth grooves of the gear shift gear is an integer multiple of the number of the pawls.

[0008] Further, a double-stage planetary gear set sharing one planetary support is arranged at one end of the shaft sleeve, the double-stage planetary gear set comprises a sun gear one, a sun gear two, a gear ring one and a planetary gear one matched with the sun gear one, and a gear ring two and a planetary gear two matched with the sun gear two; the gear ring two is sleeved outside the gear ring one; the sun gear one is axially rotatably connected with the gear shift core shaft, and the sun gear one is hard connected with the shaft sleeve; the sun gear two is axially hard connected with the gear shift core shaft; the gear ring two is drivingly connected with an electronic gear shift device.

[0009] Further, a plurality of point blocks corresponding to gear positions are arranged on the gear ring two, a reset sensor is arranged at the point block corresponding to the first gear, a gear position indication detector is arranged at the point block corresponding to the reverse gear, and a speed sensor for measuring the rotating speed of the core shaft is further included.

[0010] The utility model also provides a sequence transmission, including above -mentioned sequence gear shift device, still include transmission housing, the shaft sleeve rotation is arranged in the transmission housing, be equipped with the input shaft which is arranged in parallel with the shaft sleeve in the transmission housing, be equipped with the input gear which is engaged with the gear shift gear on the input shaft.

[0011] Further, a torque sensor is arranged on the input shaft.

[0012] Further, a differential is further arranged in the transmission housing and drivingly connected with the output gear.

[0013] Further, the input shaft is connected with a speed reduction device.

[0014] The utility model has the advantages of:

[0015] 1. The transmission does not need a clutch system for gear shifting, and the driving motor does not need to be stopped during the load gear shifting process, so that power loss and stall do not occur; the structure is smaller than the existing transmission and has low cost; the transmission can be applied to the fields of three-wheeled vehicles, heavy two-wheeled motorcycles, four-wheeled vehicles, etc., and has wide application range;

[0016] 2. The transmission enters the next gear first and then drops the previous gear during the gear shifting process, so that there is always a gear in the engaged state during the gear shifting process;

[0017] 3. The reverse gear can be engaged without stopping the vehicle, and has the function of steep slope slow descent; when descending a long slope, the reverse gear is engaged, and the motor is actuated by speed reduction, so that the motor does not need to be powered, but the wheels push the motor to rotate;

[0018] 4, The transmission has the function of manual-automatic transmission, and automatic transmission can be realized through sensor feedback signal and program driving motor gear shifting operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the sequence gear shifting device in the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a semi-partial structural view of the sequence gear shifting device in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural view of the shaft sleeve in the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural view of the gear shifting core shaft and the pawl cooperation in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural view of the gear shifting core shaft in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural view of the pawl in the utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 It is an internal structural view of the sequence transmission of four gears in the utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 It is an internal structural view of the sequence transmission of six gears in the utility model

[0027] Figure 9 It is an external structural view of the sequence transmission in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 10 It is a structural view of the gear shifting gear of first gear and reverse gear in the utility model;

[0029] Figure 11 It is a gear position route view of the sequence transmission of four gears in the utility model;

[0030] Figure 12 It is a gear position route view of the sequence transmission of six gears in the utility model;

[0031] Figure 13 It is a structural view of the pawl and the gear shifting core shaft cooperation;

[0032] Figure 14 It is a cooperation structural view of the pawl and the inner tooth groove;

[0033] In the figure: 1, shaft sleeve; 2, gear shifting spindle; 3, reverse drive part; 4, forward drive part; 5, pawl; 6, mounting groove; 7, elastic piece; 8, protruding part; 9, gear shifting gear; 10, output gear; 11, sun gear one; 110, ring gear one; 111, planetary gear one; 12, sun gear two; 120, ring gear two; 121, planetary gear two; 13, planetary carrier; 14, electronic gear shifting device; 15, point block; 16, reset sensor; 17, gear position indication detector; 18, speed sensor; 19, transmission housing; 20, input shaft; 21, input gear; 22, torque sensor; 23, differential; 24, reduction gear one; 25, reduction gear two; 26, washer; 27, positioning groove; 28, elastic positioning column; 29, inner tooth groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The sequence gear shifting device and the sequence transmission will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , a sequence gear shifting device comprises a shaft sleeve 1 and a gear shifting spindle 2, the gear shifting spindle 2 is rotationally arranged inside the shaft sleeve 1, the side wall of the gear shifting spindle 2 is provided with a reverse drive part 3 and a plurality of forward drive parts 4 along the axial direction, the shaft sleeve 1 is rotationally provided with pawls 5 matched with the reverse drive part 3 and the plurality of forward drive parts 4, respectively, the head end of the pawl 5 is provided with a protruding part 8, the elastic piece 7 is arranged below the protruding part 8, and the elastic piece 7 can be a spring or a spring sheet. One end of the elastic piece is arranged in the counterbore below the protruding part 8, and the other end is fixed on the mounting column of the mounting groove. The tail end of the pawl 5 can be transformed between the two states of sliding on the outer wall of the gear shifting spindle 2 and entering the corresponding gear drive part; the head end of the reverse drive part 3 corresponding to the pawl 5 and the head end of the forward drive part 4 corresponding to the pawl 5 are oppositely arranged, the forward drive parts 4 are uniformly distributed according to the gear sequence with an angle F, the angle F is 360 / (N-1), or the forward drive parts 4 and the reverse drive part 3 are uniformly distributed according to the gear sequence with an angle F, the angle F is 360 / N, and N is the number of gears; the shaft sleeve 1 is rotationally provided with a gear shifting gear 9 matched with the pawl 5; the output gear 10 is fixed on the outside of the shaft sleeve 1, and the output gear 10 and the shaft sleeve 1 can be an integral structure or hard connected, such as key connection.

[0036] Among them, as shown in Figure 10As shown, the inner ring of the gear shifting gear 9 is provided with inner tooth grooves 29 in the circumferential direction; the tooth profile on both sides of the inner tooth groove 29 is matched with the protruding part 8 of the pawl 5, so that the protruding part 8 of the pawl 5 can be clamped in one direction, and the protruding part 8 can slide out of the inner tooth groove 29 in the other direction. When the rotation adjusting core shaft 2 is rotated, the tail end of a certain pawl 5 slides into the corresponding gear driving part, and under the action of the elastic element 7 at the head end of the pawl 5, the head end protruding part 8 is buckled into the inner tooth groove 29 of the gear shifting gear 9 corresponding to the pawl 5, and the input gear 21 drives the gear shifting gear 9 corresponding to the pawl 5 to rotate; due to different gears, the input gear 21 drives the gear shifting gear 9 to rotate in each gear, and the gear shifting gear 9 buckled with the rotation adjusting core shaft 2 drives the shaft sleeve 1 to rotate, and the output gear 10 on the shaft sleeve 1 transmits power. The inner tooth groove 29 is a circular arc tooth groove, so that when the tooth profile on one side of the inner tooth groove 29 is worn, the gear shifting gear 9 is turned over, and the other side of the tooth profile can also play a role in cooperation with the pawl 5.

[0037] As shown in Figure 13 , Figure 14 When the rotation adjusting core shaft 2 is rotated, the tail end of the pawl 5 enters the corresponding gear driving part, and the protruding part 8 of the pawl 5 is buckled with the inner tooth groove 29 of the corresponding gear shifting gear 9. At this time, the connecting line of the upper abutment point of the tooth profile of the pawl 5 and the inner tooth groove 29 and the center of the shaft sleeve 1 is L, the connection of the upper abutment point of the tooth profile of the pawl 5 and the inner tooth groove 29 and the lower abutment point of the pawl 5 and the inner tooth groove 29 is B, and the included angle of the connecting line L and the connecting line B is 20°-40°. Under load, the pawl 5 is buckled with the inner tooth groove 29, and in the process of gear increasing, the pawl 5 of the next gear of the present speed changing device first enters the corresponding forward gear driving part 4, starts to bear force and drives the shaft sleeve 1 to rotate faster. In this process, the pawl 5 of the previous gear has not yet been separated from the corresponding forward gear driving part 4, but the speed of the next gear is fast, and the pawl 5 of the previous gear is in the shaft sleeve 1 without force, and when the next gear is completely engaged, the pawl 5 of the previous gear is instantaneously separated from the corresponding inner tooth groove 29; when it is necessary to reduce the gear, the motor speed can be reduced to unload, and the corresponding pawl 5 can be separated from the inner tooth groove 29 through the rotation adjusting core shaft 2.

[0038] As shown in Figure 6 , Figure 13As shown, the tail end of the pawl 5 is provided with a rounded corner. When the tail end of the pawl 5 is a sharp corner, stress concentration is easily generated between the tail end of the pawl 5 and the corresponding gear drive part during rotation. When the tail end of the pawl 5 is subjected to a large load, not only is it easy to wear or damage, but it also increases the risk of tooth jamming. The rounded corner not only helps to reduce stress concentration, but also leaves a movable gap between the pawl 5 and the gear drive part, which is conducive to the tail end of the pawl 5 sliding out of the corresponding gear drive part. The angle of the rounded corner is appropriate to facilitate the sliding out of the gear drive part position. In addition, the height and length of the pawl 5 from the corresponding gear drive part are adapted to the pawl 5 being driven by the gear shifting shaft 2, the protruding part 8 being able to be clamped into or out of the corresponding variable gear 9 inner tooth groove 29, and the tail end of the pawl 5 being able to enter or slide out of the corresponding gear drive part. The size can be mastered by those skilled in the art and is not limited here. During the downshift process, the electronic gear shifting device 14 drives the gear ring two 120 of the double-pole planetary gear set to rotate, which can amplify multiple times to pry the corresponding pawl 5 of the previous gear and the variable gear 9 apart, realizing load downshift. The upshift and downshift processes will be described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0039] As shown in Figure 5 , the reverse drive part 3 and the forward drive part 4 are both recesses cut out on the outer wall of the gear shifting shaft 2. The recess surface can be arc-shaped or planar. In this embodiment, a planar recess structure is adopted.

[0040] As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 6 , the pawl 5 is cross-shaped, and the corresponding mounting groove 6 is also a cross-shaped groove. The two sides of the mounting groove 6 in the axial direction have groove bottoms, and the radial side also has a groove bottom. A positioning column is arranged in the groove bottom, and the positioning column is used to install the elastic member 7. The other radial side is hollow, and is used to make one end of the pawl 5 rotate downward into the gear drive part. One end of the pawl 5 is provided with a mounting hole for installing the elastic member 7, and the other end of the elastic member 7 is sleeved on the positioning column. The two sides of the pawl 5 are rotatably installed in the mounting groove 6 through the gasket 26. The pawl 5 is fixed by abandoning the traditional screw fixing method, which can avoid the risk of the screw falling into the inside of the device, and is helpful to improve the service life.

[0041] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the number of installation grooves 6, pawls 5 and gear shifting gears 9 is matched, and each is more than two, and the adjacent installation grooves 6 are oppositely arranged at 180 degrees. Thus, the requirement of multi-gear shifting is realized. The adjacent pawls 5 are also oppositely arranged at 180 degrees, so as to avoid opening the installation hole of the pawl 5 on one side of the shaft sleeve 1. If the installation hole is a through hole, the pawl 5 will be inconvenient to install. If the installation hole is separated, the corresponding shaft sleeve 1 will be larger in size. In the present scheme, the pawls 5 are oppositely arranged at 180 degrees, which is convenient for opening the hole on the corresponding two sides of the shaft sleeve 1 and the installation of the pawl 5, and does not affect the function of the pawl 5. Compared with the prior art, the present scheme does not need to use a shift fork to shift the different gears and the pawl 5 to engage, the gear shifting is smooth, and the size is smaller.

[0042] In the present embodiment:

[0043] (1) Taking six gears as an example:

[0044] When the forward gear driving parts 4 are evenly distributed according to the gear sequence at an angle F, the angle F is 360 / (N-1), and the gear sequence is five gears, four gears, three gears, two gears, one gear and reverse gear, or reverse gear, one gear, two gears, three gears, four gears and five gears. The forward gear driving parts 4 corresponding to adjacent gears are arranged at an angle of 72 degrees, that is, the shift spindle 2 needs to complete a 72-degree sequence rotation from the previous gear to the next gear in sequence. The reverse gear can be adjacent to the first gear, and the reverse gear and the first gear are distributed at an angle of 72 degrees, and share one gear shifting gear 9 or occupy one gear shifting gear 9 respectively.

[0045] When the forward gear driving parts 4 and the reverse gear driving part 3 are evenly distributed according to the gear sequence at an angle F, the angle F is 360 / N, and the gear sequence is five gears, four gears, three gears, two gears, one gear and reverse gear, or reverse gear, one gear, two gears, three gears, four gears and five gears. The forward gear driving parts 4 corresponding to adjacent gears are arranged at an angle of 60 degrees, that is, the shift spindle 2 needs to complete a 60-degree sequence rotation from the previous gear to the next gear in sequence. The reverse gear can be adjacent to the first gear, and the reverse gear and the first gear share an angle, share one gear shifting gear 9 or occupy one gear shifting gear 9 respectively.

[0046] (2) Taking four gears as an example:

[0047] When the forward gear driving parts 4 are evenly distributed according to the gear sequence at an angle F, the angle F is 360 / (N-1), and the gear sequence is three gears, two gears, one gear and reverse gear, or reverse gear, one gear, two gears and three gears. The forward gear driving parts 4 corresponding to adjacent gears are arranged at an angle of 120 degrees, that is, the shift spindle 2 needs to complete a 120-degree sequence rotation from the previous gear to the next gear in sequence. The reverse gear can be adjacent to the first gear, and the reverse gear and the first gear are distributed at an angle of 120 degrees, and share one gear shifting gear 9 or occupy one gear shifting gear 9 respectively.

[0048] The current forward drive part 4 and the reverse drive part 3 are evenly distributed according to the order of the gears at an angle F, and the angle F is 360 / N. According to the order of three gears, two gears, one gear, reverse gear, or reverse gear, one gear, two gears, and three gears, the current forward drive part 4 corresponding to the adjacent gear is at an angle of 90°, that is, the shift shaft 2 needs to complete a 90° order rotation from the previous gear to the next order gear. The reverse gear can be adjacent to the first gear, and the reverse gear and the first gear share an angle and share a gear shifting gear 9 or separately occupy a gear shifting gear 9.

[0049] The positions of each gear can be exchanged, and there is no need to strictly arrange them in order according to the high-low sequence. Only the position of the forward gear drive part corresponding to the gear and the pawl 5 and the mounting groove 6 position (including the position of the reverse drive part 3 and the pawl 5 and the mounting groove 6) as a whole can be exchanged. When the shift shaft 2 rotates, there will be no gear confusion.

[0050] In this scheme, the transmission can be a manual-automatic transmission. During the gear shifting process, the driver can manually operate the wired or wireless control gear shifting device according to the current vehicle speed, or the program can automatically control the gear shifting device according to the current speed, torque, and output current to adjust the current gear.

[0051] On the inside of the end of the shaft sleeve 1 away from the gear shifting device, there are one or more than one positioning grooves 27 along the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 1. The shift shaft 2 is provided with a corresponding elastic positioning column 28 that matches the positioning groove 27. The elastic positioning column 28 is at least one, and preferably two or more. The elastic positioning column 28 can enter or leave the positioning groove 27 when the shift shaft 2 rotates. The positioning groove 27 is used to initially position the gear of the gear shifting device.

[0052] During the gear shifting process, the speed ratio difference between adjacent gears is small. When the next gear enters the gear and the previous gear is separated, the gears are switched one by one. Because the gap is very small, there will be no loud impact noise, and there will be no misalignment and gear confusion.

[0053] The gear shifting gear 9 corresponding to the reverse gear and the gear shifting gear 9 corresponding to the first gear are the same. Since the head end of the pawl 5 corresponding to the reverse drive part 3 and the head end of the pawl 5 corresponding to the forward drive part 4 are oppositely arranged, the pawl 5 is a one-way pawl 5. When the first gear is engaged, the pawl 5 corresponding to the reverse gear is in a sliding whole and is not in engagement with the internal tooth groove 29 of the gear shifting gear 9. Conversely, when the reverse gear is engaged, the pawl 5 corresponding to the first gear is in a sliding whole and is not in engagement with the internal tooth groove 29 of the gear shifting gear 9. Therefore, the reverse gear and the forward gear do not interfere with each other.

[0054] The reverse gear drive unit 3 and the forward gear drive unit 4, as well as the pawls 5 corresponding to the reverse gear drive unit 3 and the forward gear drive unit 4, are all one or more. When there are two or more, the pawls 5 corresponding to the reverse gear drive unit 3 and the forward gear drive unit 4 are in a rotational angular relationship on the cross section along the axial direction of the shift spindle 2, and the number of internal tooth grooves 29 of the shift gear 9 is an integer multiple of the number of pawls 5. In this embodiment, the reverse gear drive unit 3 and the forward gear drive unit 4 corresponding to first gear each have two pawls 5, and the two pawls 5 are in a 180° rotational angular relationship to ensure that they can simultaneously engage within the internal tooth grooves 29.

[0055] Having two or more pawls 5 provides better load-bearing capacity and is suitable for heavy-duty vehicle conditions. Similarly, the forward drive unit 4 corresponding to first gear and its corresponding pawl 5 can also be two or more.

[0056] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a double-stage planetary gear set sharing a planetary carrier 13 is provided at one end of the bushing 1. The double-stage planetary gear set includes a sun gear 11, a sun gear 12, a gear ring 110 and planet gear 111 that mesh with the sun gear 11, and a gear ring 120 and planet gear 121 that mesh with the sun gear 12. The gear ring 120 is fitted outside the gear ring 110. The sun gear 11 is axially rotatably connected to the gear shift spindle 2 and rigidly connected to the bushing 1. The sun gear 12 is axially rigidly connected to the gear shift spindle 2. The gear ring 120 is driven by an electronic gear shifting device 14. The electronic gear shifting device 14 includes a gear shifting motor, which is driven by the gear ring 120 via gears.

[0057] Among them, hard connections can be achieved by key connections or interference fit connections.

[0058] The gear ring 120 is provided with a number of point blocks 15 corresponding to the gear positions. A reset sensor 16 is provided at the point block 15 corresponding to the first gear, and a gear position indicator detector 17 is provided at the point block 15 corresponding to the reverse gear. It also includes a speed sensor 18 for measuring the spindle speed.

[0059] The number of position blocks 15 is the same as the number of gears. When the vehicle is turned off, the electronic gear shifting device 14, under program control, maintains the shifting spindle 2 at the angle corresponding to first gear when it was turned on, which is the initial position; the reset sensor 16 is used to detect whether the position block 15 corresponding to the first gear position is in place; the speed sensor is used to measure the current speed of the shifting spindle 2 and provide signal feedback for automatic gear switching; the gear display sensor is used to detect whether the correct gear has been switched to, such as whether it has been switched to second gear, etc.

[0060] In automatic mode, the electronic gear shifting device 14 uses an intelligent motor. The angle of rotation is set for each shift, and the forward gear is automatically determined and switched based on sensor signal feedback.

[0061] When the first and reverse gears share the same gear 9 in the initial position, when the motor rotates forward, it is in first gear, and the reverse and other gears are idle; when the motor rotates in reverse, it is in reverse gear, and the other gears are idle.

[0062] This utility model also provides a sequential gearbox, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the transmission includes the aforementioned sequential gear shifting device and a transmission housing 19. A bushing 1 is rotatably mounted within the transmission housing 19. An input shaft 20, parallel to the bushing 1, is located within the transmission housing 19. An input gear 21, meshing with the shift gear 9, is mounted on the input shaft 20. A sequential transmission refers to a transmission where gear shifting occurs in the sequence of fifth, fourth, third, second, first, and reverse, or reverse, first, second, third, fourth, and fifth gears. The transmission housing 19 protects and encloses the internal structure. The input shaft 20 is connected to the output shaft of the motor and drives the input gear 21 to rotate. The input gear 21 drives the rotation of a shift gear 9 engaged by a pawl 5, thereby rotating the bushing 1. The output gear 10 on the bushing 1 transmits power.

[0063] The input gear 21 is rigidly connected to the input shaft 20, specifically by a key connection, and the two sides of the input gear 21 are positioned by washers 26.

[0064] A torque sensor 22 is provided on the input shaft 20. The torque sensor 22 is used to detect the speed and torque of the input shaft 20, determine the current gear position by measuring the current, and provide signal feedback for the electronic gear shifting device 14 to automatically shift gears.

[0065] The transmission housing also houses a differential 23, which is connected to the output gear 10. The differential 23 enables the transmission to be used in three-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles; it allows the left and right drive wheels to rotate at different speeds, preventing tire slippage or wear due to forced synchronization, ensuring smooth cornering and reducing steering resistance. During straight-line driving, if the road surface is uneven or the resistance on both sides is different (such as one side being slippery), the differential 23 can automatically distribute torque to prevent one wheel from spinning freely, improving traction and driving stability.

[0066] The input shaft 20 is connected with a speed reduction device. In the embodiment, the speed reduction device comprises a speed reduction gear one 24 and a speed reduction gear two 25; the speed reduction gear one 24 is axially hard connected on the motor output shaft, and the speed reduction gear two 25 is axially hard connected on the input shaft 20; through the speed reduction device, on one hand, the noise in the operation process of the transmission is small, and on the other hand, the machining strength of each gear shift gear 9 and the input gear 21 is not too high.

[0067] The transmission in the scheme does not need to be hung on the reverse gear after the car is parked, and has the function of steep slope slow descending. When descending a long slope, the reverse gear is hung, and the motor is actuated by the motor speed reduction. At this time, the motor does not need to be powered, but the wheels push the motor to rotate.

[0068] The gear shift process of the four-gear sequence transmission is described as follows. The reverse gear and the first gear share an angle and a gear shift gear 9, that is, the three forward gears are divided into 360°, and each gear shift needs to rotate 120°. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the initial gear position is described as follows. Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13

[0069] In the initial gear position, the first gear and the reverse gear are in the gear engagement state, that is, the protruding parts 8 of the first gear pawl 5 and the reverse gear pawl 5 are in the raised state, and are respectively clamped into the inner tooth grooves 29 of the first gear and the reverse gear corresponding gear shift gears A. The tail ends of the first gear pawl 5 and the reverse gear pawl 5 are respectively clamped into the first gear corresponding forward gear driving part 4 and the reverse gear driving part 3. At this time, if the motor rotates forward, the first gear state is entered; if the motor rotates reversely, the reverse gear state is entered.

[0070] At the same time, in the initial gear position, the tail ends of the pawls 5 corresponding to the other forward gears such as the second gear and the third gear are in the pressed state under the extrusion of the side wall of the gear shift core shaft 2. Therefore, in the reverse gear state, the gear shift gears 9 corresponding to the first gear, the second gear and the third gear are in the idle state although they are engaged with the input gears 21. When in the first gear state, the second gear and the third gear are in the idle state.

[0071] When the first gear state is entered and the work is started, the motor output shaft drives the input shaft 20 of the sequence transmission through the speed reduction gear one 24 and the speed reduction gear two 25, drives the input gear 21 to rotate, and the input gear 21 is engaged with the gear shift gears 9. However, only the first gear corresponding gear shift gear 9 can drive the shaft sleeve 1 to rotate through the pawl 5, so that the output gear 10 on the shaft sleeve 1 transmits the power. The gear shift gears 9 corresponding to the reverse gear, the second gear and the third gear are in the idle state.

[0072] ​​​When shifting to second gear via the gear shifting device, the shifting spindle needs to be rotated 120°. This 120° rotation can be broken down into two processes. In the first process, when the shifting spindle 2 rotates approximately 60°±5°, the tail end of the pawl 5 corresponding to the first gear shifting gear A has not yet reached the edge of the forward drive unit 4 corresponding to first gear, and has not yet disengaged from it. Meanwhile, the tail end of the pawl 5 corresponding to the second gear shifting gear B has already slid into the forward drive unit 4 corresponding to second gear. The protrusion 8 of the second gear pawl 5 is raised under the action of the elastic element 7 and engages in the internal tooth groove 29 of the second gear shifting gear B. Because the second gear shifting gear B rotates faster (for example, for every revolution of the first gear shifting gear A, the second gear shifting gear B can rotate 1.2-1.5 revolutions), the rotation speed of the bushing 1 increases. At this time, the pawl 5 corresponding to the first gear shifting gear A is in a state of no force. The second process continues to drive the shift spindle 2 to rotate approximately 60°±5°. Under the force generated by the bushing 1 and the prying action from the edge of the first gear drive unit, the internal tooth groove 29 of the first gear shift gear A instantly disengages from the corresponding pawl 5 protrusion 8. The first gear shift gear A then begins to idle, entering second gear. This is why the transmission in this invention can shift gears without a clutch, even when the vehicle is under heavy load.

[0073] The process of shifting from second to third gear is as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0074] During downshifting, the motor can be decelerated and unloaded by controlling the program, and then the electronic gear shifting device 14 can drive the shifting spindle 2 to rotate to adjust the current gear; or the driver can manually control the gear ring 120 in the double planetary gear to rotate, thereby driving the shifting spindle 2 to rotate and adjust the current gear.

[0075] like Figure 11 As shown, the sequential gearbox has four gears; when the shift spindle rotates and the shift gear A engages with its corresponding pawl, the motor rotates forward to first gear and reverses to reverse gear; when the shift gear B engages with its corresponding pawl, it is second gear; when the shift gear C engages with its corresponding pawl, it is third gear.

[0076] like Figure 12 As shown, the sequential gearbox has six gears. When the shift spindle rotates and the shift gear A engages with its corresponding pawl, the motor rotates forward to first gear and reverses to reverse gear. When the shift gear B engages with its corresponding pawl, it is second gear; when the shift gear C engages with its corresponding pawl, it is third gear; when the shift gear E engages with its corresponding pawl, it is fourth gear; and when the shift gear D engages with its corresponding pawl, it is fifth gear.

Claims

1. A sequence filing device, characterized by comprising: The application relates to a gear shifting device, which comprises a sleeve (1) and a gear shifting shaft (2), the gear shifting shaft (2) is arranged in the sleeve (1) in a rotating mode, the side wall of the gear shifting shaft (2) is provided with a reverse gear driving part (3) and a plurality of forward gear driving parts (4) in an axial direction, the sleeve (1) is provided with a pawl (5) which is matched with the reverse gear driving part (3) and the plurality of forward gear driving parts (4) in a rotating mode, the head end of the pawl (5) is provided with a protruding part (8), an elastic element (7) is arranged below the protruding part (8), the tail end of the pawl (5) can be transformed between the two states of sliding on the outer wall of the gear shifting shaft (2) and entering into the corresponding gear driving part, the head end of the reverse gear driving part (3) is arranged opposite to the head end of the forward gear driving part (4), the forward gear driving parts (4) are uniformly distributed according to the order of the gears with an angle F, the angle F is 360 / (N-1), or the forward gear driving parts (4) and the reverse gear driving part (3) are uniformly distributed according to the order of the gears with an angle F, the angle F is 360 / N, N is the number of gears, a gear shifting gear (9) matched with the pawl (5) is arranged on the sleeve (1) in a rotating mode, and an output gear (10) is fixed to the outside of the sleeve (1).

2. The sequence changer as claimed in claim 1, wherein The gear shifting gear (9) corresponding to the reverse gear and the gear shifting gear (9) corresponding to the first gear are the same.

3. The sequence filing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The reverse gear driving part (3), the forward gear driving part (4) and the pawl (5) corresponding to the reverse gear driving part (3) and the forward gear driving part (4) are more than one, when the number is more than two, the pawl (5) corresponding to the reverse gear driving part (3) and the forward gear driving part (4) are in a rotating angle relationship in the cross section along the axial direction of the gear shifting shaft (2), and the number of the inner tooth grooves (29) of the gear shifting gear (9) is an integer multiple of the number of the pawl (5).

4. The sequence filing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein A double-stage planetary gear set sharing one planetary support (13) is arranged at one end of the sleeve (1), the double-stage planetary gear set comprises a sun gear one (11), a sun gear two (12), a gear ring one (110) and a planetary gear one (111) matched with the sun gear one (11), and a gear ring two (120) and a planetary gear two (121) matched with the sun gear two (12), the gear ring two (120) is sleeved outside the gear ring one (110), the sun gear one (11) is connected with the gear shifting shaft (2) in a rotating mode in the axial direction, the sun gear one (11) is hard connected with the sleeve (1), the sun gear two (12) is hard connected with the gear shifting shaft (2) in the axial direction, and the gear ring two (120) is driving connected with an electronic gear shifting device (14).

5. The sequence changer as claimed in claim 3, wherein The shaft sleeve (1) is provided with a double-stage planetary gear set sharing a planetary support (13), which comprises a sun gear one (11), a sun gear two (12), a gear ring one (110) and a planetary gear one (111) matched with the sun gear one (11), and a gear ring two (120) and a planetary gear two (121) matched with the sun gear two (12); the gear ring two (120) is sleeved outside the gear ring one (110); the sun gear one (11) is axially rotationally connected with the gear shifting spindle (2), and the sun gear one (11) is hard connected with the shaft sleeve (1); the sun gear two (12) is axially hard connected with the gear shifting spindle (2); the gear ring two (120) is drivingly connected with an electronic gear shifting device (14).

6. The sequence changer as claimed in claim 4, wherein A plurality of point blocks (15) corresponding to gear positions are arranged on the gear ring two (120), a reset sensor (16) is arranged at the point block (15) corresponding to the first gear, a gear position indication detector (17) is arranged at the point block (15) corresponding to the reverse gear, and a speed sensor (18) for measuring the rotating speed of the spindle is further included.

7. The sequence changer as claimed in claim 5, wherein A plurality of point blocks (15) corresponding to gear positions are arranged on the gear ring two (120), a reset sensor (16) is arranged at the point block (15) corresponding to the first gear, a gear position indication detector (17) is arranged at the point block (15) corresponding to the reverse gear, and a speed sensor (18) for measuring the rotating speed of the spindle is further included.

8. A sequential transmission, characterized by The sequence gear shifting device comprises the shaft sleeve (1), the gear shifting spindle (2), the sun gear one (11), the sun gear two (12), the gear ring one (110), the gear ring two (120), the planetary gear one (111), the planetary gear two (121), the electronic gear shifting device (14), the point blocks (15), the reset sensor (16), the gear position indication detector (17), the speed sensor (18), the input shaft (20), the input gear (21), the torque sensor (22), the output gear (10), the differential (23), and the transmission housing (19).

9. The sequential transmission according to claim 8, characterized in that The input shaft (20) is provided with a torque sensor (22).

10. The sequential transmission according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that The transmission housing is further provided with a differential (23) drivingly connected with the output gear (10).

Images