Shearing structure for rock-soil body of waste slag field

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of waste slag field simulation tests, in particular to a waste slag field rock-soil body shearing structure which comprises a simulation table, a rock-soil box and a shearing frame, the rock-soil box is detachably installed on the simulation table, and the shearing frame is arranged above the rock-soil box; the shearing frame comprises a support, a driving unit, a shearing table and an air cylinder, and the driving unit is arranged on the support and connected with the shearing table; the driving unit is used for driving the shearing table to slide on the support, the air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the shearing table, a piston end of the air cylinder is provided with a shearing plate, and the shearing plate can extend into the rock-soil box to extrude a rock-soil body in the rock-soil box, so that after the rock-soil body in the waste slag field is extruded, the waste slag field can be cut into the shearing table. And carrying out simulation research on engineering disturbance on the rock-soil body.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of abandoned slag field simulation test, and specifically relates to a kind of abandoned slag field rock-soil shear structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Abandoned slag field, as indispensable rock-soil slag body disposal facilities in the engineering field of mining, water conservancy construction, transportation, its stability is directly related to the safety performance of the whole project and the long-term sustainability of ecological environment.In recent years, with the continuous advancement of various large-scale infrastructure construction projects, the scale of engineering construction is increasing, which directly leads to the need for high and steep slag body stacking operation under more complex topographic and geological conditions in abandoned slag field.This kind of high and steep stacking method not only significantly increases the self-weight stress of rock-soil body, but also makes the abandoned slag field face unprecedented instability risk.Once instability, it may not only lead to serious engineering accidents, but also cause geological disasters such as landslides and mudslides, posing a great threat to the life and property safety of surrounding residents, and also causing irreversible damage to the natural ecological environment.

[0003] However, the current abandoned slag field simulation test device has certain limitations in design and function, especially the shear and extrusion effect of rock-soil body during stacking process is not fully simulated, which greatly limits the development of disturbance experiment research.Lack of accurate simulation of the response characteristics of rock-soil body under real engineering disturbance makes it difficult to fully evaluate the stability of abandoned slag field and provide scientific and reliable basis for engineering design and construction.

[0004] Therefore, the inventor proposes an abandoned slag field rock-soil shear structure to solve the above technical problems. CONTENT OF UTILITY MODEL

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an abandoned slag field rock-soil shear structure to carry out simulation research on rock-soil body disturbed by engineering after being extruded.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0007] An abandoned slag field rock-soil shear structure, comprising a simulation table, a rock-soil box and a shear frame, the rock-soil box is detachably installed on the simulation table, and the shear frame is arranged above the rock-soil box.

[0008] The shear frame comprises a support, a driving unit, a shear table and a gas cylinder, the driving unit is arranged on the support and connected with the shear table, the driving unit is used to drive the shear table to slide on the support, the gas cylinder is fixedly arranged on the shear table, the piston end of the gas cylinder is provided with a shear plate, and the shear plate can extend into the rock-soil box to extrude rock-soil body.

[0009] Further, the support frame comprises a frame body and support legs arranged at the bottom of the frame body, and two guide rods are arranged on the frame body and fixedly arranged on the frame body.

[0010] Rollers are arranged on both sides of the shearing table, and the rollers are arranged on the guide rods.

[0011] According to the above technical scheme, the support legs at the bottom of the frame body provide stable support for the overall structure, and the two parallel guide rods fixed on the frame body form a horizontal track; the rollers on both sides of the shearing table form a rolling fit with the guide rods, and when the driving unit drives the shearing table to move, the rollers roll along the surface of the guide rods, converting traditional sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing the movement resistance and ensuring the precise linear displacement of the shearing table in the horizontal direction, and the symmetrical constraint formed by the double guide rods effectively suppresses the lateral deviation and vibration generated during the movement of the shearing table, providing a stable movement reference plane for the shearing plate driven by the air cylinder.

[0012] Further, the driving unit comprises a first motor and sprockets arranged at intervals on the frame body, and a chain is arranged between the sprockets, and the shearing table is connected with the chain.

[0013] The first motor is fixedly arranged on the frame body, and the output shaft of the first motor is connected with one of the sprockets.

[0014] Further, at least two telescopic rods are arranged between the shearing table and the shearing plate, and the two telescopic rods can be extended or shortened.

[0015] According to the above technical scheme, when the driving unit is working, the first motor drives the driving sprocket to rotate through the output shaft, and drives the chain circulating transmission around the sprockets arranged at intervals; since the shearing table is fixedly connected with the chain through the rigid connecting piece, the horizontal movement of the chain is converted into the translation of the shearing table along the guide rod, realizing the transverse positioning and adjustment of the shearing plate above the rock-soil box; when the air cylinder pushes the shearing plate to perform vertical extrusion, the two telescopic rods perform synchronous hydraulic cushioning extension and contraction, which not only constrains the shearing plate to move linearly along the vertical axis only, avoiding stress concentration caused by lateral deflection, but also absorbs impact energy through the damping effect, maintaining the load stability of the rock-soil body during extrusion, so that the deformation of the rock-soil body under the extrusion complex action is closer to the real engineering disturbance working condition.

[0016] Further, the simulation table comprises a bottom plate, two support seats and a movable plate, the two support seats are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and the movable plate is arranged between the two support seats.

[0017] Further, two rotating shafts are arranged on two sides of the simulation table, each rotating shaft is rotationally connected to one of the support seats, a connecting shaft is arranged between the two rotating shafts, and the two rotating shafts rotate synchronously through the connecting shaft.

[0018] Further, a first bevel gear is arranged on two sides of the connecting shaft, a second bevel gear is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the first bevel gear is engaged with the second bevel gear.

[0019] Further, a second motor is arranged on one side of the simulation table, a driving shaft is connected to an output shaft of the second motor, a driving gear is fixedly arranged on the driving shaft in a coaxial mode, a driven gear is fixedly arranged on one of the rotating shafts in a coaxial mode, and a tension belt is arranged between the driving gear and the driven gear.

[0020] When the simulation table works, the second motor drives the driving gear to rotate through the driving shaft, the driven gear and the connected rotating shaft are driven to rotate through the tension belt, the first bevel gears at two ends of the connecting shaft are engaged with the second bevel gears on the rotating shafts, and the rotating shafts on two sides are synchronously rotated.

[0021] Further, a plurality of cams are arranged on the rotating shaft, and a contact strip is arranged on the bottom of the movable plate.

[0022] When the rotating shaft rotates, the cams periodically contact the contact strip to periodically drive the movable plate to move up and down. The plurality of cams arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft form a periodic undulating track when the rotating shaft rotates, when the high point of the cam abuts against the rigid contact strip on the bottom of the movable plate, the movable plate is pushed to be lifted upward against gravity, and when the low point of the cam is separated from the contact, the movable plate falls to the initial position under the action of gravity, thereby forming a vertical simple harmonic vibration matched with the rotating speed of the rotating shaft, and the dynamic load under engineering disturbance is reproduced.

[0023] Further, the rock-soil box is a transparent structure, and an observer is arranged on the outside of the rock-soil box.

[0024] According to the above technical scheme, the transparent rock-soil box is made of high-transmittance acrylic or tempered glass, and is matched with the observer such as a high-speed camera and a laser scanner arranged on the outside, so that the full-view dynamic evolution of internal particle displacement, crack expansion and shear band formation of the rock-soil body in the vibration and shearing process is captured in real time, and non-invasive in-situ monitoring and three-dimensional deformation field reconstruction are realized.

[0025] The utility model discloses the beneficial effects of:

[0026] The utility model discloses a drive unit (by first motor drive sprocket chain) of shearing frame drives shearing platform to move to the specified position of rock-soil box above the guide rod of support level, then air cylinder starts, and push piston end connection's shearing plate vertical extension is in rock-soil box, and the inside rock-soil body is pressed to the static extrusion of preset pressure, and the second motor of simulation platform is rotated through gear drive drive shaft, and the cam on the rotating shaft is periodically jacked up the movable plate, and the rock-soil box produces vertical vibration to simulate engineering disturbance, in this process, the observer of transparent rock-soil box outside real -time capture rock-soil body under the shearing deformation, crack extension and displacement response of dynamic vibration coupling effect under static extrusion, realize the visualization monitoring and quantitative analysis of the stability evolution process of rock-soil body under engineering disturbance.

[0027] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present application will be better understood from the following detailed description, and will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from that detailed description, from the appended claims, and from the forgoing description of the objects of the present application, which objects are achieved by the methods and compositions of the present application that will become apparent from the following detailed description and the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is whole structure schematic diagram of the utility model discloses rock-soil body shearing structure of waste dump;

[0029] Figure 2 It is shearing frame structure schematic diagram in the utility model discloses rock-soil body shearing structure of waste dump;

[0030] Figure 3 It is the local structure schematic diagram of the utility model discloses rock-soil body shearing structure of waste dump Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 4 It is A part structure schematic diagram of the utility model discloses rock-soil body shearing structure of waste dump Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 5 It is B part structure schematic diagram of the utility model discloses rock-soil body shearing structure of waste dump Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 6 It is the local sectional view schematic diagram in the utility model discloses rock-soil body shearing structure of waste dump;

[0034] Figure 7 It is the connection schematic diagram of rotating shaft and connecting shaft in the utility model discloses rock-soil body shearing structure of waste dump;

[0035] Figure 8 It is C part structure schematic diagram in the utility model discloses rock-soil body shearing structure of waste dump Figure 7 .

[0036] The simulation table 1, the bottom plate 11, the support base 12, the movable plate 13, the rotating shaft 14, the first bevel gear 151, the second bevel gear 141, the driven gear 142, the cam 143, the contact strip 144, the connecting shaft 15, the second motor 16, the driving shaft 17, the rock-soil box 2, the shearing frame 3, the support 31, the frame body 311, the support leg 312, the guide rod 313, the driving unit 32, the first motor 321, the chain wheel 322, the chain 323, the shearing table 33, the air cylinder 34, the shearing plate 35, the telescopic rod 36, and the rock-soil body 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Other advantages and effects of the present application can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the contents disclosed in the present specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied in other different specific embodiments, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in the present specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present application, but not for limiting the protection scope of the present application.

[0038] It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments only schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present application, and the drawings only show the components related to the present application, but are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, number and proportion of each component in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout type of the components can also be more complex.

[0039] The present embodiment provides a rock-soil body shearing structure for a waste dump, as shown in the drawings, which comprises a simulation table 1, a rock-soil box 2 and a shearing frame 3. Figures 1 to 8 The rock-soil box 2 is detachably installed on the simulation table 1 by bolt connection, and the shearing frame 3 is arranged above the rock-soil box 2.

[0040] The shearing frame 3 comprises a support 31, a driving unit 32, a shearing table 33 and an air cylinder 34. The driving unit 32 is arranged on the support 31 and connected with the shearing table 33. The driving unit 32 is used to drive the shearing table 33 to slide on the support 31. The air cylinder 34 is fixedly arranged on the shearing table 33. The piston end of the air cylinder 34 is provided with a shearing plate 35, which can extend into the rock-soil box 2 to extrude the rock-soil body 4.

[0041] As preferred, as shown in the drawings, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the support 31 comprises a frame body 311 and a support leg 312 arranged at the bottom of the frame body 311, and the support leg 312 provides stable support for the overall structure of the support 31; the frame body 311 is provided with two guide rods 313, and the two guide rods 313 are fixedly arranged on the frame body 311; the two sides of the shearing table 33 are provided with rollers, and the rollers are arranged correspondingly to the guide rods 313.

[0042] In this embodiment, the two parallel guide rods 313 fixed on the frame body 311 constitute a horizontal track; the rollers on the two sides of the shearing table 33 are in rolling cooperation with the guide rods 313; when the driving unit 32 drives the shearing table 33 to move, the rollers roll along the surface of the guide rods 313, which not only reduces the movement resistance but also ensures the linear displacement of the shearing table 33 in the horizontal direction, avoiding the lateral deviation of the shearing table 33 during movement, and providing a stable movement reference plane for the shearing plate 35 driven by the cylinder 34.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 to 5 The driving unit 32 comprises a first motor 321 and a sprocket 322 arranged at intervals on the frame body 311, a chain 323 is arranged between the sprockets 322, and the shearing table 33 is connected with the chain 323; the first motor 321 is fixedly arranged on the frame body 311, and the output shaft of the first motor 321 is connected with one of the sprockets 322. When the driving unit 32 works, the first motor 321 drives the driving sprocket 322 to rotate through the output shaft, and drives the chain 323 wound around the sprockets 322 arranged at intervals to circulate; since the shearing table 33 is fixedly connected with the specific node of the chain 323 through the rigid connecting piece, the horizontal movement of the chain 323 is converted into the translation of the shearing table 33 along the guide rod 313, realizing the transverse positioning and adjustment of the shearing plate 35 above the rock-soil box 2.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The shearing table 33 and the shearing plate 35 are provided with at least two telescopic rods 36, and the two telescopic rods 36 can be extended or shortened. When the cylinder 34 pushes the shearing plate 35 to perform vertical extrusion, the two telescopic rods 36 perform hydraulic cushioning type telescopic movement synchronously, which not only restricts the shearing plate 35 to move linearly along the vertical axis, but also maintains the load stability during the extrusion process of the rock-soil body 4, so that the deformation of the rock-soil body 4 under the extrusion / shearing combined action is closer to the actual working condition of the excavator compaction spoil ground.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the simulation table 1 comprises a bottom plate 11, two support seats 12 and a movable plate 13, the two support seats 12 are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 11, and the movable plate 13 is arranged between the two support seats 12; as shown in Figure 6 The simulation table 1 is provided with a rotating shaft 14 on each side, and the rotating shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the corresponding support seat 12, as shown in Figure 7As shown, a connecting shaft 15 is provided between the two rotating shafts 14, and the two rotating shafts 14 rotate synchronously through the connecting shaft 15. Specifically, a first bevel gear 151 is provided on both sides of the connecting shaft 15, and a second bevel gear 141 is provided on the two rotating shafts 14, and the first bevel gear 151 and the second bevel gear 141 mesh with each other.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a second motor 16 is provided on the left side of the simulation platform 1. A drive shaft 17 is connected to the output shaft of the second motor 16. A drive gear is coaxially fixed on the drive shaft 17. A driven gear 142 is coaxially fixed on one of the rotating shafts 14. A tension belt is provided between the drive gear and the driven gear 142.

[0047] When the simulator 1 is working, the second motor 16 drives the driving gear to rotate through the drive shaft 17, and drives the driven gear 142 and the connected rotating shaft 14 to rotate by means of the tension belt transmission; the first bevel gear 151 at both ends of the connecting shaft 15 meshes with the second bevel gear 141 on the rotating shaft 14, so that the two rotating shafts 14 can rotate synchronously.

[0048] As a preferred option, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the rotating shaft 14 is provided with several cams 143, and the bottom of the movable plate 13 is provided with a contact strip 144. When the rotating shaft 14 rotates, the cams 143 periodically contact the contact strip 144 to drive the movable plate 13 to move up and down periodically. The multiple cams 143 arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft 14 form a periodic undulating trajectory as the shaft rotates. When the high point of the cam 143 abuts against the rigid contact strip 144 at the bottom of the movable plate 13, it pushes the movable plate 13 to rise against gravity. When the low point of the cam 143 disengages, the movable plate 13 falls back to its initial position under its own weight, thereby forming a vertical simple harmonic vibration that matches the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 14, thus reproducing the dynamic load under engineering disturbance.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the soil and rock chamber 2 is a transparent structure, and an observer is installed on the outside of the soil and rock chamber 2. In this embodiment, the soil and rock chamber 2 is made of high-transmittance acrylic or tempered glass, and the observer uses a high-speed camera and a laser scanner to capture the dynamic evolution of the soil and rock mass 4 during the engineering disturbance process, including particle displacement, crack propagation, and shear zone formation in the spoil heap, achieving non-invasive in-situ monitoring and three-dimensional deformation field reconstruction.

[0050] The utility model discloses a drive unit 32 (drive sprocket 322 chain 323 by first motor 321) of shearing frame 3 is driven to cut the platform 33 along the guide rod 313 of support 31 horizontal movement to the specified position above the rock-soil box 2, then the cylinder 34 starts, and the shearing plate 35 of piston end connection through the cylinder 34 is vertically inserted into the rock-soil box 2, and the inside rock-soil body 4 is applied to the static extrusion of preset pressure, and the second motor 16 of simulation platform 1 rotates the rotating shaft 14 through the driving gear transmission, and the cam 143 on the rotating shaft 14 periodically jacks up the movable plate 13, so that the rock-soil box 2 generates vertical vibration to simulate engineering disturbance, in this process, the observer outside the transparent rock-soil box 2 captures the shear deformation, crack propagation and displacement response of rock-soil body 4 under the coupling action of static extrusion and dynamic vibration in real time, realizes the visualization monitoring and quantitative analysis of the stability evolution process of rock-soil body 4 under engineering disturbance.

[0051] The above examples are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the utility model, and the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or transformation of the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the utility model is all within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A shear structure of rock and soil mass (4) in a spoil heap, characterized in that, include: The simulation platform (1), the soil and rock box (2), and the shearing frame (3) are provided. The soil and rock box (2) is detachably installed on the simulation platform (1), and the shearing frame (3) is located above the soil and rock box (2). The shearing frame (3) includes a support (31), a drive unit (32), a shearing table (33), and a cylinder (34). The drive unit (32) is mounted on the support (31) and connected to the shearing table (33). The drive unit (32) is used to drive the shearing table (33) to slide on the support (31). The cylinder (34) is fixedly mounted on the shearing table (33). The piston end of the cylinder (34) is provided with a shearing plate (35). The shearing plate (35) can extend into the soil and rock box (2) to compress the soil and rock mass (4).

2. The shear structure of the spoil heap rock and soil mass (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (31) includes a frame (311) and a support leg (312) disposed at the bottom of the frame (311). Two guide rods (313) are provided on the frame (311), and the two guide rods (313) are fixedly disposed on the frame (311). Rollers are provided on both sides of the shearing table (33), and the rollers are correspondingly mounted on one of the guide rods (313).

3. The shear structure of the spoil heap rock and soil mass (4) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive unit (32) includes a first motor (321) and sprockets (322) that are rotatably arranged on the frame (311) at intervals. A chain (323) is arranged between the sprockets (322), and the shearing table (33) is connected to the chain (323). The first motor (321) is fixedly mounted on the frame (311), and the output shaft of the first motor (321) is connected to one of the sprockets (322).

4. The shear structure of the spoil heap rock and soil mass (4) according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least two telescopic rods (36) are provided between the shearing table (33) and the shearing plate (35), and the two telescopic rods (36) can be extended or shortened.

5. The shear structure of the spoil heap rock and soil mass (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation platform (1) includes a base plate (11), two support seats (12) and a movable plate (13). The two support seats (12) are fixedly mounted on the base plate (11), and the movable plate (13) is mounted between the two support seats (12).

6. The shear structure of the spoil heap rock and soil mass (4) according to claim 5, characterized in that: The simulation platform (1) has rotating shafts (14) on both sides, and each rotating shaft (14) is rotatably connected to one of its support bases (12). A connecting shaft (15) is provided between the two rotating shafts (14), and the two rotating shafts (14) rotate synchronously through the connecting shaft (15).

7. The shear structure of the spoil heap rock and soil mass (4) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting shaft (15) is provided with a first bevel gear (151) on both sides, and the rotating shaft (14) is provided with a second bevel gear (141). The first bevel gear (151) meshes with the second bevel gear (141).

8. The shear structure of the spoil heap rock and soil mass (4) according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second motor (16) is provided on one side of the simulation platform (1). A drive shaft (17) is connected to the output shaft of the second motor (16). A drive gear is coaxially fixed on the drive shaft (17). A driven gear (142) is coaxially fixed on one of the rotating shafts (14). A tension belt is provided between the drive gear and the driven gear (142).

9. The shear structure of the spoil heap rock and soil mass (4) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (14) is provided with several cams (143), and the bottom of the movable plate (13) is provided with a contact strip (144). When the rotating shaft (14) rotates, the cam (143) periodically contacts the contact bar (144) to drive the movable plate (13) to move up and down periodically.

10. The shear structure of the spoil heap rock and soil mass (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The soil and rock box (2) is a transparent structure, and an observation device is installed on the outside of the soil and rock box (2).

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