Flexible and self-fitting installing and welding clamp for swing bolster wearing plate

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flexible and self-fitting assembly welding fixture for a swing bolster wearing plate, belongs to the technical field of welding tools, and solves the technical problems of long preparation time before welding, complicated process and lower efficiency in the assembly welding process of an upper inclined surface wearing plate and a side wall wearing plate of a swing bolster. According to the solution, the installing and welding clamp comprises a clamp body, a permanent magnetic chuck, a first positioning body and a second positioning body, a pushing screw is screwed into a threaded hole and drives a pushing cone to extrude sliding blocks on the two sides, the sliding blocks extend outwards from a supporting frame, and the sliding blocks drive the second positioning body to press a side wall wearing plate to the preset position of swing bolster installing and welding. And meanwhile, the pushing screw drives the pushing cone to extend outwards from the supporting frame, and the pushing cone drives the first positioning body to press the inclined plane wearing plate at the preset position of the swing bolster assembly welding. According to the utility model, the processes of position measurement, measuring tool inspection and the like are omitted, the labor intensity is correspondingly reduced, the preparation process before welding is simplified, the welding quality and stability are improved, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to welding frock technical field, specifically relates to a flexible, self -adhesion assembly welding fixture of rocker wear plate. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rocker is one of the key components of the running gear of the railway locomotive and vehicle, has the functions of bearing, buffering and damping, and keeping the stability and balance of the vehicle, is generally located at the central position of the bogie, and is approximately cuboid or has a certain arc block structure, the main function of the rocker is to support the vehicle body and evenly transmit the weight of the vehicle body to other components (such as spring devices) of the bogie. The side wall wear plate has position requirements in the horizontal and vertical directions, the inclined wear plate requires the center position of the two side wall wear plates, and has position requirements with the spring seat, so the inclined wear plate and the side wall wear plate are both key components for prolonging the service life of the rocker.

[0003] 1. The inclined wear plate is usually located on the inclined surface of the rocker, and the inclined surface is generally designed to match the relative movement and force transmission between the bogie and the vehicle body during the running process of the vehicle. The shape of the wear plate is adapted to the specific geometric shape of the rocker inclined surface, and is usually a flat plate with a certain thickness, and the surface is relatively smooth, some of which may be rectangular, and some of which may be irregularly shaped according to the specific installation position, so as to fit the contour of the rocker inclined surface; the action principle of the inclined wear plate: during the running of the vehicle, the rocker inclined surface will slide or rub with other components (such as wedges). Due to the complex running conditions of the train, including starting, braking, passing through curves and the like, these actions will make the rocker inclined surface frequently bear the action force, and the inclined wear plate mainly plays the role of reducing friction and wear. It is like a "protective pad", when the rocker inclined surface interacts with the adjacent components, the wear plate bears the friction instead of the rocker body, avoids the rocker inclined surface from appearing serious surface wear due to long-term friction, and prolongs the service life of the rocker.

[0004] 2、Side wall wear plate is installed on the side wall of the bolster, the side wall of the bolster will contact and move relative to the surrounding components (such as side frame, etc.) during the operation of the vehicle, the shape of the wear plate will be designed according to the shape of the side wall of the bolster and the requirements of the contacting components, which is usually a long and thin plate, the length and width of which are determined according to the size of the side wall of the bolster and the required protection range, which can cover the key friction area of the side wall of the bolster. The principle of the side wall wear plate: during the operation of the vehicle, especially under various dynamic actions of the bogie, the side wall of the bolster will rub, collide and so on with the adjacent components, the main function of the side wall wear plate is to prevent the wear of the side wall of the bolster. For example, when the train passes through a curve, the side frame of the bogie may generate a lateral force on the side wall of the bolster, resulting in friction between them, the side wall wear plate can effectively transfer the wear caused by the friction to itself, protecting the structural integrity of the side wall of the bolster and ensuring the normal function of the bolster is not affected.

[0005] The inclined wear plate and the side wall wear plate are usually welded on the bolster in the assembly welding process, assembly welding is a short name for assembly welding, which is a process of assembling multiple parts together and then welding them, which is a widely used process in modern manufacturing industry, especially in many fields such as mechanical manufacturing, building steel structure, automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding, etc. The process steps of assembly welding mainly include: preparation (including cleaning of the welding surface, preparation of the parts) → assembly (positioning, fixing of the parts, position checking, etc.) → welding → cleaning (polishing the weld, removing the welding slag) → inspection. The bolster is a casting, so its dimensional accuracy is not high, the wear plate mounting surface is a casting blank surface, only simple polishing is performed, resulting in that the distance between the two side wall wear plate mounting surfaces is not a constant value, the two mounting surfaces are not completely parallel, and the distance and the included angle between the two inclined wear plate mounting surfaces are also not constant values. In the assembly welding process, the wear plate is manually fitted with the casting base surface, and the measuring tools and gauges are used for auxiliary positioning and detection, which can meet the installation requirements, but the process is complicated and the efficiency is low, most of the time is consumed in measurement and detection, the time for welding the weld is generally 20%~30% of the whole assembly welding process, and the rest is the time consumed for preparation, assembly, inspection and other auxiliary work, that is, the workload of the pre-welding preparation work and the post-welding auxiliary process often exceeds the workload of the welding itself. The current assembly welding of the inclined wear plate and the side wall wear plate is operated manually, the process is complicated and the efficiency is low, therefore, to improve the assembly welding efficiency, the most effective method is to design and optimize the tooling used for assembly welding, thereby reducing the time of auxiliary processes. Content of the utility model

[0006] In order to overcome the prior art, solve the long preparation time before welding, the process is complicated, the technical problem of low efficiency in the process of assembling and welding of the inclined surface wear plate and the side wall wear plate on the bolster, the utility model provides a kind of bolster wear plate flexible, self-adhesion assembly fixture, realize the positioning, fixed of multiple groups of inclined surface wear plate and side wall wear plate once, save the tedious positioning measurement, gauge inspection, welding position repeated correction and other processes.

[0007] In order to realize the above-mentioned utility model purposes, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0008] A kind of bolster wear plate flexible, self-adhesion assembly fixture, it includes fixture main body, permanent magnet chuck and the first positioning body for the positioning of inclined surface wear plate and the second positioning body for the positioning of side wall wear plate, wherein,

[0009] The upper portion of fixture main body is provided with lifting ring, permanent magnet chuck is arranged on the lower surface of fixture main body, chuck handle is arranged on the front side wall or rear side wall of fixture main body;Supporting arm is symmetrically arranged on the left side wall and right side wall of fixture main body, two sides supporting arm is arranged in the shape of eight characters, supporting frame is fixedly installed at the outer end of supporting arm, the inclination angle of supporting frame in vertical direction is equal to the inclination angle of supporting arm in vertical direction;First positioning body is arranged on the inner wall below supporting frame, inclined surface wear plate is clamped on first positioning body, second positioning body is symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of supporting frame, and side wall wear plate is clamped on corresponding second positioning body respectively;

[0010] Supporting frame is provided with hollow structure, two sliders penetrate supporting frame along the width direction of supporting frame and extend to the inside of supporting frame, two sliders are oppositely arranged, the outer end of slider extends to the outside of supporting frame and is fixedly installed with second positioning body, the axis direction of slider is perpendicular to the end face of second positioning body, and the two second positioning bodies are connected by spring;Threaded hole is arranged in the middle of the top surface of supporting frame, push rod is installed in threaded hole, push cone is provided in the shape of circular truncated cone, push rod is located between two push cones, and the lower end of push rod is in contact with the large end face of push cone;Permanent magnet chuck drives fixture main body to be adsorbed on bolster by rotating chuck handle, and inclined surface wear plate is pressed tightly at the inclined surface wear plate welding position of bolster by fixture main body through supporting arm;Push rod is screwed into threaded hole and drives push cone to extrude two sliders, and the sliders extend outward from supporting frame, and the second positioning body is driven by slider to press side wall wear plate at the predetermined position of bolster assembly welding;

[0011] First stop is arranged around the three side edges of first positioning body, and the three side edges of inclined surface wear plate are correspondingly inserted into the grooves of first stop, and first conformal elastic rubber pad is arranged between the outer end face of inclined surface wear plate and first positioning body, and a plurality of magnets are arranged through first conformal elastic rubber pad on first positioning body;

[0012] The lower edge position of the second positioning body is provided with a second stopper, the side wall wear plate is clamped on the second stopper, a second conformal elastic rubber pad is arranged between the side wall wear plate and the outer side surface of the second positioning body, and a plurality of magnets are arranged through the second conformal elastic rubber pad on the second positioning body.

[0013] Further, the included angle between the support arm and the clamp body is equal to the inclination angle of the inclined wear plate installed on the bolster.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

[0015] The utility model discloses a special assembly welding clamp which satisfies the requirements of positioning, fixing and the like when an inclined wear plate, a side wall wear plate and a bolster are assembled and welded, and the assembly welding clamp is compact in structure: the close adhesion of the inclined wear plate and the surface of the bolster is realized through the adsorption of the permanent magnet suction disc and the elastic rubber pad of the conformal elastic rubber pad; the center positioning of the inclined wear plate, the close adhesion of the side wall wear plate and the surface of the bolster and the fixing of the clamp are realized through the pushing structure composed of the pushing screw and the pushing cone; the close contact of the side wall wear plate, the inclined wear plate and the surface of the casting is realized through the flexible unit arranged at the positioning body part.

[0016] In summary, the utility model omits the measurement and gauge inspection process, the number of manual rotation of the support is greatly reduced, the labor intensity is correspondingly reduced, the preparation process before welding is simplified, the welding quality and stability are improved, and the production efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a front view structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 It is a middle H-H plane section structure schematic view;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a right view structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 It is a middle J-J plane section structure schematic view;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a bottom view structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 It is a middle G-G plane section structure schematic view;

[0024] Figure 8 For Figure 7 Schematic view of the local magnification structure.

[0025] In the figure, 1 is a fixture main body, 2 is a lifting ring, 3 is a permanent magnet suction cup, 4 is a suction cup handle, 5 is a support arm, 6 is a support frame, 7 is a sliding block, 8 is a second positioning body, 9 is a spring, 10 is a threaded hole, 11 is a pushing screw, 12 is a pushing cone, 13 is a first positioning body, 14 is a first stop, 15 is a first conformal elastic rubber pad, 16 is a second stop, 17 is a second conformal elastic rubber pad, and 18 is a magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The utility model will be described in further detail below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 8 shown in a kind of flexible, self-adhesion assembly welding fixture of rocker wear plate, it includes fixture main body 1, permanent magnet suction cup 3 and the first positioning body 13 for inclined wear plate positioning and the second positioning body 8 for side wall wear plate positioning, wherein,

[0028] Lifting ring 2 is arranged on the upper portion of fixture main body 1 (for the overall fixture main body 1 to be hoisted by travelling crane), permanent magnet suction cup 3 is arranged on the lower surface of fixture main body 1, suction cup handle 4 is arranged on the front side wall or rear side wall of fixture main body 1, when travelling crane hoists the present assembly welding fixture to the predetermined soldering position of rocker, manually presses suction cup handle 4, permanent magnet suction cup 3 starts to work, so that fixture main body 1 is firmly adsorbed on rocker, and the installation and positioning of fixture main body 1 and rocker are completed;Support arm 5 is symmetrically arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of fixture main body 1, both sides support arm 5 is arranged in the shape of eight characters, support frame 6 is fixedly installed on the outer end portion of support arm 5, and the inclination angle of support frame 6 in vertical direction is equal to the inclination angle of support arm 5 in vertical direction;First positioning body 13 is arranged on the inner wall below support frame 6, inclined wear plate is clamped on first positioning body 13, second positioning body 8 is symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of support frame 6, and side wall wear plate is respectively clamped on corresponding second positioning body 8;

[0029] The support frame 6 is provided as a hollow structure, two sliding blocks 7 are penetrated through the support frame 6 along the width direction of the support frame 6 and extend to the inside of the support frame 6, the two sliding blocks 7 are oppositely arranged, the outer end of the sliding block 7 extends to the outside of the support frame 6 and is fixedly installed with the second positioning body 8, the axis direction of the sliding block 7 is perpendicular to the end face of the second positioning body 8, the two second positioning bodies 8 are connected through the spring 9, and the side wall wear plates are respectively clamped at the outer side end face positions of the corresponding second positioning bodies 8; The threaded hole 10 is arranged at the middle part of the top surface of the support frame 6, the push screw 11 is installed in the threaded hole 10, the push cone 12 is provided as a circular truncated cone shape, the push screw 11 is located between the two push cones 12, and the lower end of the push screw 11 is in contact with the large end face of the push cone 12; The rotary suction disc handle 4 drives the magnetic suction disc 3 to be adsorbed on the bolster through the clamp body 1, the clamp body 1 is pressed to the inclined wear plate of the bolster through the support arm 5, and the inclined wear plate is located at the position to be welded; The push screw 11 is screwed into the threaded hole 10 and drives the push cone 12 to extrude the two sliding blocks 7, the sliding block 7 extends outward from the support frame 6, and the sliding block 7 drives the second positioning body 8 to press the side wall wear plate to the predetermined position of the bolster group welding;

[0030] The first stop 14 with a groove is arranged around the three side edge positions of the first positioning body 13, the three side edges of the inclined wear plate are correspondingly inserted into the grooves of the first stop 14, and the first conformal elastic rubber pad 15 is arranged between the inclined wear plate and the outer side end face of the first positioning body 13; A plurality of magnets 18 are arranged on the first positioning body 13 and penetrate the first conformal elastic rubber pad 15.

[0031] The second stop 16 is arranged at the lower edge position of the second positioning body 8, the side wall wear plate is clamped on the second stop 16, and the second conformal elastic rubber pad 17 is arranged between the side wall wear plate and the outer side end face of the second positioning body 8; A plurality of magnets 18 are arranged on the second positioning body 8 and penetrate the second conformal elastic rubber pad 17.

[0032] Further, the included angle between the support arm 5 and the clamp body 1 is equal to the inclination angle of the inclined wear plate installed on the bolster.

[0033] The use process of the utility model is as follows:

[0034] S1, the inclined wear plate and the side wall wear plate are installed: the staff puts the inclined wear plate and the side wall wear plate to be welded into the corresponding first positioning body 13 and second positioning body 8 respectively, forces the inclined wear plate and the side wall wear plate to be attached to the positioning face of the positioning body, and the wear plate is adsorbed on the positioning body through the magnetic force of the magnet 18;

[0035] S2, the inclined wear plate and the side wall wear plate are positioned:

[0036] S2-1, use the crane to hoist the jig installed in step S1 to the end of the bolster, and slowly lower the crane until the inclined wear plate contacts the surface of the bolster, and stop the crane;

[0037] S2-2, rotate the pushing screw 11 to move downward, the pushing screw 11 pushes the pushing cone 12 to move downward, and the pushing cone 12 extrudes the two side blocks 7 in the process of moving downward, the side blocks 7 are stretched out to the outside by the support frame 6, and the side blocks 7 drive the second positioning body 8 to contact the inclined wear plate and the predetermined position of the bolster assembly; At this time, it is considered that the jig is at the center position of the end of the bolster, that is, the center of the inclined wear plate coincides with the center of the end of the bolster, and at this time, since the parallelism of the two side walls of the end of the bolster cannot be guaranteed, the side wall wear plate only partially contacts the surface of the bolster; Through steps S2-1 and S2-2, the jig is pre-assembled at the inclined wear plate and the side wall wear plate of the bolster to be welded, and the jig positioning is completed.

[0038] S2-3, continue to slowly lower the crane until the lifting ring 2 is separated from the crane, rotate the suction disc handle 4 to make the permanent magnet suction disc 3 in the magnetic suction state, the jig body 1 is fixed and adsorbed on the bolster through the permanent magnet suction disc 3, the jig body 1 compresses the first positioning body 13 through the support arm 5, and the inclined wear plate is pressed to the predetermined position of the bolster assembly; Then continue to rotate the pushing screw 11 to fix the jig and the bolster firmly; Since there is a certain deviation in the angle and distance of the two sides of the bolster and the inclined wear plate assembly, the inclined wear plate first partially contacts the bolster during the process of pressing and assembling the surface, then the first positioning body 13 forces the first conformal elastic rubber pad 15 to compress, and then gradually makes the entire inclined wear plate plane fit the surface of the bolster, and makes the inclined wear plate maintain a certain pressure state (guaranteeing that the wear plate and the casting are closely fitted during spot welding or welding seam welding); Similarly, since the second conformal elastic rubber pad 17 is arranged between the second positioning body 8 and the side wall wear plate, the side wall wear plate will extrude the second conformal elastic rubber pad 17 after being extruded by the side wall of the bolster, at this time, the side wall wear plate deflects at a small angle, until the side wall wear plate completely fits the side wall of the bolster;

[0039] S3, weld the side wall wear plate and the inclined wear plate to the bolster;

[0040] Adjust the angle of the bolster manually, and weld the side wall wear plate and the inclined wear plate, after welding, remove the jig, lower the bolster from the support, and replace the next bolster for assembly;

[0041] S4, separate the jig from the bolster;

[0042] After the welding is completed and the weld is cooled, the push screw 11 is reversely rotated, the first positioning body 13 is separated from the bolster, the spring 9 is reset to move so that the two side sliding blocks 7 drive the second positioning body 8 to fold inward, at the same time, the suction disc handle 4 is reversely rotated to make the permanent magnetic suction disc 3 in a non-magnetic state, the travelling crane is operated to lift and hoist the assembly welding fixture, and the above steps S1-S3 are repeated to perform assembly welding of the next group of inclined wear plates and side wall wear plates.

[0043] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A flexible and self-adhesion assembly fixture for a bolster plate, comprising a fixture body (1), a permanent magnet chuck (3), a first positioning body (13) for positioning a bevel plate, and a second positioning body (8) for positioning a side wall plate, characterized in that, a lifting ring (2) is arranged above the fixture body (1), the permanent magnet chuck (3) is arranged on the lower surface of the fixture body (1), and a chuck handle (4) is arranged on the front or rear side wall of the fixture body (1); support arms (5) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the fixture body (1), the two support arms (5) are arranged in a spread shape, the outer end of the support arm (5) is fixedly installed with a support frame (6), the inclination angle of the support frame (6) in the vertical direction is equal to the inclination angle of the support arm (5) in the vertical direction; the first positioning body (13) is arranged on the inner wall below the support frame (6), the bevel plate is clamped on the first positioning body (13), and the second positioning body (8) is symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the support frame (6), and the side wall plate is clamped on the corresponding second positioning body (8); the support frame (6) is arranged in a hollow structure, two sliding blocks (7) penetrate through the support frame (6) along the width direction of the support frame (6) and extend to the inside of the support frame (6), the two sliding blocks (7) are oppositely arranged, the outer end of the sliding block (7) extends to the outside of the support frame (6) and is fixedly installed with the second positioning body (8), the axis direction of the sliding block (7) is perpendicular to the end face of the second positioning body (8), and the two second positioning bodies (8) are connected through a spring (9); a threaded hole (10) is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the support frame (6), a push screw (11) is installed in the threaded hole (10), a push cone (12) is arranged in a circular truncated cone shape, the push screw (11) is located between the two push cones (12), and the lower end of the push screw (11) is in contact with the large end face of the push cone (12); rotating the chuck handle (4) makes the permanent magnet chuck (3) drive the fixture body (1) to be adsorbed on the bolster, and the fixture body (1) presses the bevel plate to the position of the bevel plate to be welded on the bolster through the support arm (5); the push screw (11) is screwed into the threaded hole (10) and drives the push cone (12) to extrude the two sliding blocks (7), the sliding blocks (7) are stretched out from the support frame (6), and the sliding blocks (7) drive the second positioning body (8) to press the side wall plate to the predetermined position of the bolster assembly; a first stop (14) with a groove is arranged around the three side edge positions of the first positioning body (13), the three side edges of the bevel plate are correspondingly inserted into the grooves of the first stop (14), a first conformal elastic rubber pad (15) is arranged between the bevel plate and the outer end face of the first positioning body (13), and a plurality of magnets (18) are arranged through the first conformal elastic rubber pad (15) on the first positioning body (13). The lower edge position of the second positioning body (8) is provided with a second stop (16), the side wall wear plate is clamped on the second stop (16), a second conformal elastic rubber pad (17) is arranged between the side wall wear plate and the outer side end surface of the second positioning body (8), and a plurality of magnets (18) are arranged through the second conformal elastic rubber pad (17) on the second positioning body (8).

2. A rocker pad flexible, self-aligning assembly fixture according to claim 1, wherein, The included angle between the support arm (5) and the fixture main body (1) is equal to the inclination angle of the inclined wear plate installed on the bolster.

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