BMS circuit based on high-string single-stage architecture of electric motorcycle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a BMS circuit based on an electric motorcycle high-string single-stage architecture. The BMS circuit comprises an AFE chip U1, an MCU chip U2, a voltage acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a charging control module, a discharging control module and a charging and discharging MOS module. The MCU chip U2 is connected with the AFE chip U1, the AFE chip U1 is connected with the voltage acquisition module, the temperature acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the charging control module and the discharging control module, the charging and discharging MOS module is connected with the charging control module, the discharging control module, the current acquisition module, the charger and the battery pack, and the voltage acquisition module is connected with the single batteries. The MCU chip U2 is used for setting protection parameters and monitoring the running state of the chip; and the AFE chip U1 is used for acquiring the temperature of the battery pack, the charging and discharging current and the voltage of the single battery, and outputting a control signal to the charging and discharging MOS module to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack. The circuit has the advantages of high safety, low circuit cost and high response speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of BMS technology, specifically a BMS circuit based on a high-series single-level architecture for electric motorcycles. Background Technology

[0002] Motorcycles are currently evolving towards electrification. Analyzing daily usage needs, high-capacity, high-rate lithium batteries are increasingly favored in the electric motorcycle market, with 60V-96V voltage platforms being particularly prominent. A Battery Management System (BMS) is a system used to monitor battery status information and control battery charging and discharging. The MCU chip serves as the signal processing chip in the BMS. The high voltage generated by high-capacity, high-rate battery packs cannot be directly connected to the MCU chip, as this would damage it. Therefore, voltage isolation is typically achieved using an AFE chip for acquiring battery status information. Analyzing the characteristics of individual batteries, assembling a battery pack to a 60-96V voltage platform requires a combination of 20-24 individual battery cells. Correspondingly, the BMS needs to be designed to synchronously match these 20-24 cell combinations to meet the requirements for acquiring and monitoring the status information of individual lithium batteries and to protect them. Currently, the market generally uses a multi-level architecture with multiple cascaded AFE chips to meet the voltage isolation requirements of the BMS for combinations of 20-24 individual battery cells. However, multi-level architectures using high-voltage isolation suffer from power imbalance between high and low sides, and the protection logic and response speed of multi-level architectures are difficult to synchronize and respond quickly; furthermore, multi-level architectures require higher circuit costs. Single-level architectures, on the other hand, can solve these problems. Therefore, a BMS for high-series single-level architectures in electric motorcycles is needed. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a BMS circuit based on a high-series single-level architecture for electric motorcycles. This invention employs a single-level architecture, enabling state monitoring and charge / discharge control of the battery pack, and offers advantages such as high safety, low circuit cost, and fast response speed.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A BMS circuit based on a high-series single-level architecture for electric motorcycles, with its two ends connected to a charger and a battery pack composed of multiple individual batteries, respectively; it includes an AFE chip U1, an MCU chip U2, a voltage acquisition module, a second voltage acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a charging control module, a discharging control module, and a charge / discharge MOS module; the MCU chip U2 is connected to the AFE chip U1; the AFE chip U1 is connected to the voltage acquisition module, the temperature acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the charging control module, and the discharging control module; the charge / discharge MOS module is connected to the charging control module, the discharging control module, the current acquisition module, the charger, and the battery pack; the voltage acquisition module is connected to each individual battery.

[0005] The aforementioned BMS circuit based on a high-series single-level architecture for electric motorcycles includes a voltage acquisition module comprising multiple voltage acquisition sub-units connected in parallel. Each voltage acquisition sub-unit is connected to an AFE chip U1. Each voltage acquisition sub-unit includes resistors R2, R5, R6, and R138, a transistor Q11, and a capacitor C1. One end of resistor R5 is connected to one end of resistor R2 and a single battery cell. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to the collector of transistor Q11. The emitter of transistor Q11 is connected to one end of resistor R138 and the voltage acquisition sub-unit. The other end of resistor R138 is connected to one end of capacitor C1, one end of resistor R6, the AFE chip U1, and the voltage acquisition sub-unit. The other end of resistor R6 is connected to the base of transistor Q11. The other end of capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of resistor R2 and the AFE chip U1.

[0006] The aforementioned BMS circuit based on a high-series single-stage architecture for electric motorcycles includes a charging / discharging MOS module comprising resistors R212, R214, R235, R236, R237, R238, R240, and R241; capacitors C71, C72, C73, C, C91, and C92; Zener diodes DZ8, DZ9, and DZ12; TVS diodes TVS5, TVS6, TVS7, TVS8, TVS10, TVS11, TVS14, TVS15; and MOS transistor Q55. The system comprises multiple charging MOS sub-units and multiple discharging MOS sub-units; the charging MOS sub-units are connected in parallel; the discharging MOS sub-units are connected in parallel; the charging MOS sub-units and discharging MOS sub-units are connected in series; the control terminal of the discharging MOS sub-unit is connected to a discharging control module; the control terminal of the charging MOS sub-unit is connected to a charging control module; a resistor R214, a Zener diode DZ9, and a TVS diode TVS6 are connected in parallel between the control terminal and the source terminal of the discharging MOS sub-unit; the source terminal of the discharging MOS sub-unit is connected to a current acquisition module; a capacitor C71, a TVS diode TVS7, and a TVS diode TVS8 are connected in parallel between the source and drain terminals of the discharging MOS sub-unit. TVS transistors TVS10 and TVS11; one end of TVS11 is connected to one end of resistor R235; the other end of resistor R235 is connected to one end of resistor R236, one end of resistor R241, and the source of MOSFET Q55; the other end of resistor R236 is connected to one end of capacitor C73 and MCU chip U2; the other end of capacitor C73 is grounded; the other end of resistor R241 is connected to one end of resistor R240, the cathode of Zener diode DZ12, and the gate of MOSFET Q55; the other end of resistor R240 is connected to MCU chip U2; the anode of Zener diode DZ12 is grounded; the other end of TVS11... Connect one end of resistor R238 and one end of resistor R237; connect the other end of resistor R238 to the other end of resistor R237 and the drain of MOSFET Q55; connect the control terminal of the charging MOSFET sub-unit to the charging control module; connect TVS5, Zener diode DZ8, and resistor R212 in parallel between the control terminal and the source terminal of the charging MOSFET sub-unit; connect resistor C72 in parallel between the source and drain terminals of the charging MOSFET sub-unit; connect one end of TVS14, one end of TVS15, and one end of capacitor C92 to the negative terminal of the charger; connect the other end of capacitor C92 to one end of capacitor C91.The other end of capacitor C91 is connected to the other ends of TVS diodes TVS14 and TVS15, and then to the positive terminal of the charger.

[0007] The aforementioned BMS circuit based on a high-series single-level architecture for electric motorcycles includes a discharge MOS subunit comprising a resistor R206 and a MOS transistor M1; one end of the resistor R206 is connected to the discharge control module; the other end of the resistor R206 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor M1; the source of the MOS transistor M1 is connected to the current acquisition module; the drain of the MOS transistor M1 is connected to the charging MOS subunit; the charging MOS subunit comprises a resistor R207 and a MOS transistor M2; one end of the resistor R207 is connected to the charging control module; the other end of the resistor R207 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor M2; the source of the MOS transistor M2 is connected to the negative terminal of the charger; and the drain of the MOS transistor M2 is connected to the discharge MOS subunit.

[0008] The aforementioned BMS circuit based on a high-series single-stage architecture for electric motorcycles includes a discharge control module comprising resistors R4, R7, R8, R10, R13, R15, R16, R18, and R116, capacitor C2, diodes D2, D12, D13, and D14, a Zener diode DZ1, MOSFETs Q4 and Q13, transistors Q16 and Q18; one of the resistors R7 One end of resistor R7 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q4 and a 14V voltage source; the other end of resistor R7 is connected to one end of resistor R8 and the gate of MOSFET Q4; the drain of MOSFET Q4 is connected to the anode of diode D2 and one end of resistor R4; the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the anode of diode D12; the cathode of diode D12 is connected to the anode of diode D13, one end of resistor R13, and the collector of transistor Q18; the cathode of diode D13 is connected to the collector of resistor R13. The other end is connected to the charging / discharging MOS module; the emitter of transistor Q18 is connected to one end of resistor R18 and grounded; the base of transistor Q18 is connected to the other end of resistor R18 and one end of resistor R116; the other end of resistor R116 is connected to the cathode of diode D14; the anode of diode D14 is connected to the collector of transistor Q16; the emitter of transistor Q16 is connected to the anode of Zener diode DZ1; the cathode of Zener diode DZ1 is connected to the cathode of diode D2 and one end of capacitor C2; the other end of capacitor C2 is grounded; the base of transistor Q16 is connected to one end of resistor R16; the other end of resistor R16 is connected to one end of resistor R10 and AFE chip U1; the other end of resistor R10 is connected to one end of resistor R15 and the gate of MOS transistor Q13; the other end of resistor R15 is connected to the source of MOS transistor Q13 and grounded; the drain of MOS transistor Q13 is connected to the other end of resistor R8.

[0009] The aforementioned BMS circuit based on a high-series single-stage architecture for electric motorcycles includes a charging control module comprising resistors R19, R52, R62, R64, R72, R82, R84, R91, R94, capacitor C40, diodes D18, D19, and D24, a Zener diode DZ2, MOSFETs Q23 and Q24, transistors Q29 and Q33; one end of resistor R52... Connect the source of MOSFET Q23 to a 14V voltage source; connect the other end of resistor R52 to one end of resistor R62 and the gate of MOSFET Q23; connect the drain of MOSFET Q23 to the anode of diode D18 and one end of resistor R19; connect the other end of resistor R19 to the anode of diode D19; connect the cathode of diode D19 to the anode of diode D22, one end of resistor R82, and the collector of transistor Q33; connect the cathode of diode D22 to... The other end of resistor R82 is connected; the emitter of transistor Q33 is connected to one end of resistor R94 and grounded; the other end of resistor R94 is connected to the base of transistor Q33 and one end of resistor R72; the other end of resistor R72 is connected to the cathode of diode D24; the anode of diode D24 is connected to the collector of transistor Q29; the emitter of transistor Q29 is connected to the anode of Zener diode DZ2; the cathode of Zener diode DZ2 is connected to the cathode of diode D18 and one end of capacitor C40; the other end of capacitor C40 is grounded; the base of transistor Q29 is connected to one end of resistor R91; the other end of resistor R91 is connected to one end of resistor R64 and AFE chip U1; the other end of resistor R64 is connected to one end of resistor R84 and the gate of MOSFET Q24; the other end of resistor R84 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q24 and grounded; the drain of MOSFET Q24 is connected to the other end of resistor R62.

[0010] The aforementioned BMS circuit based on a high-series single-stage architecture for electric motorcycles includes a current acquisition module comprising capacitors C64, C66, C67, resistors R196, R197, R239, R249, sampling resistors RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4, RS5, RS6, RS7, RS8, RS9, and RS10. One end of capacitor C64 is connected to one end of capacitor C66, one end of resistor R196, and AFE chip U1; the other end of capacitor C66 is grounded. The other end of capacitor C64 is connected to one end of capacitor C67, one end of resistor R197, and AFE chip U1; the other end of capacitor C67 is grounded. The other end of resistor R196 is connected to one end of resistor R239, and... One end of resistor R249, one end of sampling resistor RS1, one end of sampling resistor RS2, one end of sampling resistor RS3, one end of sampling resistor RS4, one end of sampling resistor RS5, one end of sampling resistor RS6, one end of sampling resistor RS7, one end of sampling resistor RS8, one end of sampling resistor RS9, and one end of sampling resistor RS10; the other end of resistor R239 is connected to the other end of resistor R249 and grounded; the other end of resistor R197 is connected to the other ends of sampling resistors RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4, RS5, RS6, RS7, RS8, RS9, RS10, and the charge / discharge MOS module.

[0011] The aforementioned BMS circuit based on a high-series single-stage architecture for electric motorcycles includes a temperature acquisition module comprising capacitors C59, C60, and C63; resistors R185 and R192; diodes D1 and D11; thermistors NTC1, NTC2, and NTC3; one end of capacitor C59 is connected to one end of resistor R185, one end of thermistor NTC1, the cathode of diode D1, and AFE chip U1; the other end of capacitor C59 is connected to the other end of resistor R185 and the thermistor... The other end of NTC1 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D1 and grounded; one end of capacitor C63 is connected to one end of resistor R192, one end of thermistor NTC2, the negative terminal of diode D11, and AFE chip U1; the other end of capacitor C63 is connected to the other end of resistor R192, the other end of thermistor NTC2, and the positive terminal of diode D11 and grounded; one end of capacitor C60 is connected to one end of thermistor NTC3 and AFE chip U1; the other end of capacitor C60 is connected to the other end of thermistor NTC3 and grounded.

[0012] The aforementioned BMS circuit based on a high-series single-stage architecture for electric motorcycles also includes a power module, which connects to the charging control module, the discharging control module, and the AFE chip U1. The power module includes diodes D7 and D8, resistors R75 and R78, transistors Q25 and Q26, and capacitors C7 and C9. One end of resistor R78 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack; the other end of resistor R78 is connected to one end of resistor R75 and transistor Q25. The collector of transistor Q25 is connected to the collector of transistor Q26; the other end of resistor R75 is connected to the base of transistor Q25 and the cathode of diode D7; the emitter of transistor Q25 is connected to the base of transistor Q26; the emitter of transistor Q26 is connected to the cathode of diode D8, one end of capacitor C7 and one end of capacitor C9, and outputs a 14V voltage source; the other end of capacitor C9 is connected to the other end of capacitor C7, the anode of diode D8 and the anode of diode D7, and grounded.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the MCU chip U2 of this invention is used to communicate with the AFE chip U1, set protection parameters, and monitor the chip's operating status. The AFE chip U1 used in this invention is compatible with 24-cell batteries. The AFE chip U1 is used to collect the battery pack temperature, charging and discharging current, and individual cell voltage detected by the temperature acquisition module, current acquisition module, and voltage acquisition module, and outputs control signals to the charging and discharging MOS module through the charging control module and discharging control module to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack. This invention adopts a single-level architecture, which can realize the status monitoring and charging and discharging control of the battery pack, and has the advantages of strong safety, low circuit cost, and fast response speed. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 It is the circuit of AFE chip U1. Figure 1 ;

[0015] Figure 2 It is the circuit of AFE chip U1. Figure 2 ;

[0016] Figure 3 This is the circuit diagram of the charging and discharging MOS module;

[0017] Figure 4 This is the circuit diagram of the discharge control module;

[0018] Figure 5 This is the circuit diagram of the charging control module;

[0019] Figure 6 This is the circuit diagram of the temperature acquisition module;

[0020] Figure 7 This is the circuit diagram of the power supply module;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the MCU chip U2 and the FLASH storage module.

[0022] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 100-voltage acquisition module, 110-voltage acquisition subunit, 200-temperature acquisition module, 300-current acquisition module, 400-charging control module, 500-discharging control module, 600-charging / discharging MOS module, 610-charging MOS subunit, 620-discharging MOS subunit, 700-power module, 800-FLASH storage module. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] Example: A BMS circuit based on a high-series single-level architecture for electric motorcycles, with its two ends connected to a battery pack composed of multiple individual cells and a charger, respectively; including an AFE chip U1, an MCU chip U2, a voltage acquisition module 100, a temperature acquisition module 200, a current acquisition module 300, a charging control module 400, a discharging control module 500, and a charge / discharge MOS module 600; the AFE chip U1 used in this invention is compatible with 24-cell individual cells; the MCU chip U2 is connected to the AFE chip U1; the AFE chip U1 is connected to the voltage acquisition module 100, temperature acquisition module 200, current acquisition module 300, charging control module 400, and discharging control module 500; the charge / discharge MOS module 600 is connected to the charging control module 400, discharging control module 500, current acquisition module 300, charger, and battery pack; the voltage acquisition module 100 is connected to each individual cell. The MCU chip U2 of this invention is used to communicate with the AFE chip U1, set protection parameters, and monitor the chip's operating status. The AFE chip U1 is used to collect the battery pack temperature, charging and discharging current, and individual cell voltage detected by the temperature acquisition module 200, current acquisition module 300, and voltage acquisition module 100, and outputs control signals to the charging and discharging MOS module 600 through the charging control module 400 and discharging control module 500 to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack. This invention adopts a single-level architecture, which can realize the status monitoring and charging and discharging control of the battery pack, and has the advantages of strong safety, low circuit cost, and fast response speed.

[0025] Voltage acquisition module 100 Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 Chip U1 and Figure 2The chip U1 in the image is the same chip, and two images are used for clearer representation. The voltage acquisition module 100 includes multiple voltage acquisition sub-units 110, which are connected in parallel. Each voltage acquisition sub-unit 110 is connected to the AFE chip U1. Each voltage acquisition sub-unit 110 includes resistors R2, R5, R6, and R138, a transistor Q11, and a capacitor C1. One end of resistor R5 is connected to one end of resistor R2 and a single cell. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to the collector of transistor Q11. The emitter of transistor Q11 is connected to one end of resistor R138 and the voltage acquisition sub-unit 110. The other end of resistor R138 is connected to one end of capacitor C1, one end of resistor R6, the AFE chip U1, and the voltage acquisition sub-unit. The other end of resistor R6 is connected to the base of transistor Q11. The other end of capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of resistor R2 and the AFE chip U1. The voltage acquisition module 100 is used to acquire the voltage of a single battery cell and input it to the AFE chip U1 to monitor the voltage of the single battery cell.

[0026] Charge / discharge MOS module 600 Figure 3As shown, the charge / discharge MOS module 600 includes resistors R212, R214, R235, R236, R237, R238, R240, and R241; capacitors C71, C72, C73, C, C91, and C92; Zener diodes DZ8, DZ9, and DZ12; TVS diodes TVS5, TVS6, TVS7, TVS8, TVS10, TVS11, TVS14, and TVS15; MOS transistor Q55; multiple charging MOS sub-units 610; and multiple discharging MOS sub-units 620. The charging MOS sub-units 610 are connected in parallel; the discharging MOS sub-units 620 are connected in parallel; the charging MOS sub-units 610 and the discharging MOS sub-units 620 are connected in series; the control terminal of the discharging MOS sub-unit 620 is connected to the discharging control module 500; the control terminal of the charging MOS sub-unit 610 is connected to the charging control module 400; a resistor R214, a Zener diode DZ9, and a TVS diode TVS6 are connected in parallel between the control terminal and the source terminal of the discharging MOS sub-unit 620; the source terminal of the discharging MOS sub-unit 620 is connected to the current acquisition module 300; a capacitor C71, a TVS diode TVS7, and a TVS diode T are connected in parallel between the source and drain terminals of the discharging MOS sub-unit 620. VS8, TVS transistors TVS10 and TVS11; one end of TVS11 is connected to one end of resistor R235; the other end of resistor R235 is connected to one end of resistor R236, one end of resistor R241, and the source of MOSFET Q55; the other end of resistor R236 is connected to one end of capacitor C73 and MCU chip U2; the other end of capacitor C73 is grounded; the other end of resistor R241 is connected to one end of resistor R240, the cathode of Zener diode DZ12, and the gate of MOSFET Q55; the other end of resistor R240 is connected to MCU chip U2; the anode of Zener diode DZ12 is grounded; the other end of TVS11 is connected to resistor R235. One end of resistor R238 is connected to one end of resistor R237; the other end of resistor R238 is connected to the other end of resistor R237 and the drain of MOSFET Q55; the control terminal of charging MOSFET sub-unit 610 is connected to charging control module 400; TVS diode TVS5, Zener diode DZ8 and resistor R212 are connected in parallel between the control terminal and the source terminal of charging MOSFET sub-unit 610; resistor C72 is connected in parallel between the source terminal and the drain terminal of charging MOSFET sub-unit 610; the source terminal of charging MOSFET sub-unit 610 is connected to one end of TVS diode TVS14, one end of TVS diode TVS15 and one end of capacitor C92, and connected to the negative terminal of the charger; the other end of capacitor C92 is connected to one end of capacitor C91;The other end of capacitor C91 is connected to the other ends of TVS transistors TVS14 and TVS15, and also to the positive terminal of the charger. When a high-level signal is input to port DSG, the discharge MOS subunit 620 turns on, and the battery pack discharges; when a high-level signal is input to port CHG, the charging MOS subunit 610 turns on, and the battery pack charges.

[0027] The TVS transistors TVS14 and TVS15 are connected in parallel to form a voltage clamping circuit. When the BMS experiences overcurrent, overvoltage, or short circuit under abnormal operating conditions, the abnormal high voltage generated at port P- can be introduced to port P+ through TVS transistors TVS14 and TVS15, which can quickly reduce the voltage at port P-, thereby protecting the charging and discharging MOS module 600, preventing damage to the MOS transistor, and improving product stability.

[0028] The resistors R237, R238, R240, R241, and MOSFET Q55 form a pre-amplifier circuit. In the static state, the MCU chip U2 outputs a high level through port PDSG. The pre-amplifier circuit raises the gate of MOSFET Q55 to a high level through resistor R240, turning on MOSFET Q55 and allowing it to discharge externally. When the discharge current reaches a certain value, a potential difference is generated across resistors R238 and R237, reducing the gate-source voltage difference of MOSFET Q55, turning off MOSFET Q55, and simultaneously turning on the MOSFET in the main charging / discharging circuit, thus realizing the pre-amplifier circuit function.

[0029] The discharge MOS sub-unit 620 includes a resistor R206 and a MOS transistor M1; one end of the resistor R206 is connected to the discharge control module 500; the other end of the resistor R206 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor M1; the source of the MOS transistor M1 is connected to the current acquisition module 300; the drain of the MOS transistor M1 is connected to the charging MOS sub-unit 610; the charging MOS sub-unit 610 includes a resistor R207 and a MOS transistor M2; one end of the resistor R207 is connected to the charging control module 400; the other end of the resistor R207 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor M2; the source of the MOS transistor M2 is connected to the negative terminal of the charger; the drain of the MOS transistor M2 is connected to the discharge MOS sub-unit 620.

[0030] Discharge control module 500, etc. Figure 4As shown, the discharge control module 500 includes resistors R4, R7, R8, R10, R13, R15, R16, R18, and R116, capacitor C2, diodes D2, D12, D13, and D14, Zener diode DZ1, MOSFETs Q4 and Q13, transistors Q16 and Q18; resistors R4 and R16 are current-limiting resistors; one of resistors R7... One end of resistor R7 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q4 and a 14V voltage source; the other end of resistor R7 is connected to one end of resistor R8 and the gate of MOSFET Q4; the drain of MOSFET Q4 is connected to the anode of diode D2 and one end of resistor R4; the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the anode of diode D12; the cathode of diode D12 is connected to the anode of diode D13, one end of resistor R13, and the collector of transistor Q18; the cathode of diode D13 is connected to the other end of resistor R13. One end is connected to the charging / discharging MOS module 600; the emitter of the transistor Q18 is connected to one end of the resistor R18 and grounded; the base of the transistor Q18 is connected to the other end of the resistor R18 and one end of the resistor R116; the other end of the resistor R116 is connected to the cathode of the diode D14; the anode of the diode D14 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q16; the emitter of the transistor Q16 is connected to the anode of the Zener diode DZ1; the cathode of the Zener diode DZ1 is connected to the... The negative terminal of transistor D2 is connected to one end of capacitor C2; the other end of capacitor C2 is grounded; the base of transistor Q16 is connected to one end of resistor R16; the other end of resistor R16 is connected to one end of resistor R10 and AFE chip U1; the other end of resistor R10 is connected to one end of resistor R15 and the gate of MOSFET Q13; the other end of resistor R15 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q13 and grounded; the drain of MOSFET Q13 is connected to the other end of resistor R8. When the D0 pin of the AFE chip U1 outputs a high-level signal, it turns on MOSFET Q13 (MOSFET Q13 is in the on state when the D0 signal level is higher than the GND level), pulling down the gate voltage of MOSFET Q4. MOSFET Q4 then turns on, and the high-level driving voltage passes through MOSFET Q4, current-limiting resistor R4, diode D12, and diode D13, raising the DSG voltage at the port to a high level. This high level is then connected to the gates of MOSFETs M1, M3, M5, M7, and M9 in the discharge circuit through resistors R206, R210, R223, R228, and R230, turning on MOSFETs M1, M3, M5, M7, and M9. The entire discharge circuit is now open, allowing current to flow from the charger's negative terminal to the battery pack's negative terminal.When the D0 pin of AFE chip U1 outputs a low-level signal, MOSFET Q13 is turned off, causing MOSFET Q4 to turn off, and the drive voltage output is disconnected. The low-level signal output from the D0 pin, through the current-limiting resistor R16, pulls the base voltage of transistor Q16 low, turning on transistor Q16. Through diode D14 and resistor R116, the base voltage of transistor Q18 is made high, turning on transistor Q18 and quickly pulling the port DSG voltage low. This low level is then connected to the gates of MOSFETs M1, M3, M5, M7, and M9 in the discharge circuit through resistors R206, R210, R223, R228, and R230, causing MOSFETs M1, M3, M5, M7, and M9 to turn off, and the entire discharge circuit is disconnected.

[0031] Charging control module 400 Figure 5As shown, the charging control module 400 includes resistors R19, R52, R62, R64, R72, R82, R84, R91, R94, capacitor C40, diodes D18, D19, and D24, Zener diode DZ2, MOSFETs Q23 and Q24, transistors Q29 and Q33; resistors R19 and R91 are current-limiting resistors; one of resistors R52... One end of resistor R52 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q23 and a 14V voltage source; the other end of resistor R62 is connected to one end of resistor R62 and the gate of MOSFET Q23; the drain of MOSFET Q23 is connected to the anode of diode D18 and one end of resistor R19; the other end of resistor R19 is connected to the anode of diode D19; the cathode of diode D19 is connected to the anode of diode D22, one end of resistor R82, and the collector of transistor Q33; the cathode of diode D22... Connect the other end of resistor R82; connect the emitter of transistor Q33 to one end of resistor R94 and ground; connect the other end of resistor R94 to the base of transistor Q33 and one end of resistor R72; connect the other end of resistor R72 to the cathode of diode D24; connect the anode of diode D24 to the collector of transistor Q29; connect the emitter of transistor Q29 to the anode of Zener diode DZ2; connect the cathode of Zener diode DZ2 to the cathode of diode D18 and one end of capacitor C40; connect the other end of capacitor C40 to ground; connect the base of transistor Q29 to one end of resistor R91; connect the other end of resistor R91 to one end of resistor R64 and AFE chip U1; connect the other end of resistor R64 to one end of resistor R84 and the gate of MOSFET Q24; connect the other end of resistor R84 to the source of MOSFET Q24 and ground; connect the drain of MOSFET Q24 to the other end of resistor R62. When the C0 pin of AFE chip U1 outputs a high-level signal, it turns on MOSFET Q24 (MOSFET Q24 is in the on state when the C0 signal level is higher than the GND level), pulling down the gate voltage of MOSFET Q23. MOSFET Q23 then turns on, and the high-level driving voltage passes through MOSFET Q23, current-limiting resistor R19, diode D19, and diode D22, raising the port CHG voltage to a high level. This high level is then connected to the gates of MOSFETs M2, M4, M6, M8, and M10 in the charging circuit through resistors R207, R211, R224, R229, and R231, turning on MOSFETs M2, M4, M6, M8, and M10. The entire charging circuit is now open, allowing current to flow from the negative terminal of the battery pack to the negative terminal of the charger.When the C0 pin of AFE chip U1 outputs a low-level signal, MOSFET Q24 is turned off, causing MOSFET Q23 to turn off, and the drive voltage output is disconnected. The low-level signal output from the C0 pin, through the current-limiting resistor R91, pulls down the base voltage of transistor Q29, turning on transistor Q29. Through diode D24 and resistor R72, the base voltage of transistor Q33 is turned high, turning on transistor Q33 and quickly pulling the port CHG voltage down to a low level. This low level is then connected to the gates of MOSFETs M2, M4, M6, M8, and M10 in the charging circuit through resistors R207, R211, R224, R229, and R231, causing MOSFETs M2, M4, M6, M8, and M10 to turn off, and the entire charging circuit is disconnected.

[0032] Current acquisition module 300 Figure 1 lower part and Figure 3 As shown on the left, the current acquisition module 300 includes capacitors C64, C66, and C67; resistors R196, R197, R239, and R249; sampling resistors RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4, RS5, RS6, RS7, RS8, RS9, and RS10; one end of capacitor C64 is connected to one end of capacitor C66, one end of resistor R196, and AFE chip U1; the other end of capacitor C66 is grounded; the other end of capacitor C64 is connected to one end of capacitor C67, one end of resistor R197, and AFE chip U1; the other end of capacitor C67 is grounded; the other end of resistor R196 is connected to one end of resistor R239 and one end of resistor R249. One end of sampling resistor RS1, one end of sampling resistor RS2, one end of sampling resistor RS3, one end of sampling resistor RS4, one end of sampling resistor RS5, one end of sampling resistor RS6, one end of sampling resistor RS7, one end of sampling resistor RS8, one end of sampling resistor RS9, and one end of sampling resistor RS10; the other end of resistor R239 is connected to the other end of resistor R249 and grounded; the other end of resistor R197 is connected to the other ends of sampling resistors RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4, RS5, RS6, RS7, RS8, RS9, and RS10, and to the charge / discharge MOS module 600. The current acquisition module 300 is used to acquire the current of the battery pack during the charging and discharging process.

[0033] Temperature acquisition module 200 Figure 6As shown, the temperature acquisition module 200 includes capacitors C59, C60, and C63, resistors R185 and R192, diodes D1 and D11, thermistors NTC1, NTC2, and NTC3; one end of capacitor C59 is connected to one end of resistor R185, one end of thermistor NTC1, the cathode of diode D1, and AFE chip U1; the other end of capacitor C59 is connected to the other end of resistor R185, the other end of thermistor NTC1, and... The positive terminal of diode D1 is grounded; one end of capacitor C63 is connected to one end of resistor R192, one end of thermistor NTC2, the negative terminal of diode D11, and AFE chip U1; the other end of capacitor C63 is connected to the other end of resistor R192, the other end of thermistor NTC2, and the positive terminal of diode D11, and grounded; one end of capacitor C60 is connected to one end of thermistor NTC3 and AFE chip U1; the other end of capacitor C60 is connected to the other end of thermistor NTC3, and grounded. Temperature acquisition module 200 is used to acquire the temperature of the battery and the charging / discharging MOSFET.

[0034] Power module 700 Figure 7 As shown, this utility model also includes a power module 700, which is connected to the charging control module 400, the discharging control module 500, and the AFE chip U1. The power module 700 includes diodes D7 and D8, resistors R75 and R78, transistor Q25 and Q26, capacitors C7 and C9. One end of resistor R78 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack; the other end of resistor R78 is connected to one end of resistor R75 and transistor Q25. The collector of transistor Q25 and the collector of transistor Q26 are connected; the other end of resistor R75 is connected to the base of transistor Q25 and the cathode of diode D7; the emitter of transistor Q25 is connected to the base of transistor Q26; the emitter of transistor Q26 is connected to the cathode of diode D8, one end of capacitor C7 and one end of capacitor C9, and outputs a 14V voltage source; the other end of capacitor C9 is connected to the other end of capacitor C7, the anode of diode D8 and the anode of diode D7, and grounded. Power module 700 is powered by a battery pack and provides a 14V voltage source for each corresponding module of this invention.

[0035] Chip U2 and its peripheral circuits, such as Figure 8 As shown, the MCU chip U2 receives battery status information collected by the AFE chip U1 and can send control commands to the AFE chip U1 to control the opening and closing of the charging and discharging MOS module 600 based on the battery status information; in addition, this utility model also has a FLASH storage module 800, as shown in the figure. Figure 8As shown in the upper left section, under stable data conditions, the FLASH storage chip U3 protection board stores one record every 5 minutes by default (configurable). When the total voltage change exceeds 5V, the current change exceeds 5A, the SOC change exceeds 3%, the individual cell voltage change exceeds 10mV, the individual cell temperature change exceeds 4℃, or overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, low temperature, or short circuit protection occurs, data storage will be triggered once any of the above conditions are met.

[0036] Working principle: The MCU chip U2 of this invention is used to communicate with the AFE chip U1 to set protection parameters and monitor the chip's operating status; the AFE chip U1 is used to collect the battery pack temperature, charging and discharging current, and individual cell voltage detected by the temperature acquisition module 200, current acquisition module 300, and voltage acquisition module 100, and outputs control signals to the charging and discharging MOS module 600 through the charging control module 400 and discharging control module 500 to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack; this invention adopts a single-level architecture, which can realize the status monitoring and charging and discharging control of the battery pack, and has the advantages of strong safety, low circuit cost, and fast response speed.

[0037] The above embodiments merely illustrate the implementation of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. Furthermore, in these embodiments, "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," and "back" represent relative positions only, not absolute positions. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A BMS circuit based on high string class single stage architecture of electric motorcycle, two ends are connected with charger and battery pack made of multiple single batteries respectively; characterized in that: The application relates to a battery management system, which comprises an AFE chip U1, an MCU chip U2, a voltage acquisition module (100), a temperature acquisition module (200), a current acquisition module (300), a charging control module (400), a discharging control module (500) and a charging and discharging MOS module (600); the MCU chip U2 is connected with the AFE chip U1; the AFE chip U1 is connected with the voltage acquisition module (100), the temperature acquisition module (200), the current acquisition module (300), the charging control module (400) and the discharging control module (500); the charging and discharging MOS module (600) is connected with the charging control module (400), the discharging control module (500), the current acquisition module (300), a charger and a battery pack; and the voltage acquisition module (100) is connected with single batteries.

2. The BMS circuit based on high string class single stage architecture of electric motorcycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The voltage acquisition module (100) comprises a plurality of voltage acquisition subunits (110), the voltage acquisition subunits (110) are connected in parallel, and the voltage acquisition subunits (110) are connected with the AFE chip U1. The voltage acquisition subunit (110) comprises a resistor R2, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R138, a triode Q11 and a capacitor C1; one end of the resistor R5 is connected with one end of the resistor R2 and a single battery; the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the collector of the triode Q11; the emitter of the triode Q11 is connected with one end of the resistor R138 and the voltage acquisition subunit (110); the other end of the resistor R138 is connected with one end of the capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R6, the AFE chip U1 and the voltage acquisition subunit; the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the base of the triode Q11; and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R2 and the AFE chip U1.

3. The BMS circuit based on high string class single stage architecture of electric motorcycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The charging and discharging MOS module (600) comprises a resistor R212, a resistor R214, a resistor R235, a resistor R236, a resistor R237, a resistor R238, a resistor R240, a resistor R241, a capacitor C71, a capacitor C72, a capacitor C73, a capacitor C, a capacitor C91, a capacitor C92, a voltage stabilizing diode DZ8, a voltage stabilizing diode DZ9, a voltage stabilizing diode DZ12, a TVS tube TVS5, a TVS tube TVS6, a TVS tube TVS7, a TVS tube TVS8, a TVS tube TVS10, a TVS tube TVS11, a TVS tube TVS14, a TVS tube TVS15, a MOS tube Q55, a plurality of charging MOS subunits (610) and a plurality of discharging MOS subunits (620); the charging MOS subunits (610) are connected in parallel; and the discharging MOS subunits (620) are connected in parallel. The charging MOS subunit (610) is connected in series with the discharging MOS subunit (620); the control end of the discharging MOS subunit (620) is connected with the discharging control module (500); the control end of the charging MOS subunit (610) is connected with the charging control module (400); the control end and the source end of the discharging MOS subunit (620) are connected in parallel with the resistance R214, the voltage stabilizing diode DZ9 and the TVS tube TVS6; the source end of the discharging MOS subunit (620) is connected with the current collection module (300); the source end and the drain end of the discharging MOS subunit (620) are connected in parallel with the capacitor C71, the TVS tube TVS7, the TVS tube TVS8, the TVS tube TVS10 and the TVS tube TVS11; one end of the TVS tube TVS11 is connected with one end of the resistance R235; the other end of the resistance R235 is connected with one end of the resistance R236, one end of the resistance R241 and the source of the MOS tube Q55; the other end of the resistance R236 is connected with one end of the capacitor C73 and the MCU chip U2; the other end of the capacitor C73 is grounded; the other end of the resistance R241 is connected with one end of the resistance R240, the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ12 and the gate of the MOS tube Q55; the other end of the resistance R240 is connected with the MCU chip U2; the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ12 is grounded; the other end of the TVS tube TVS11 is connected with one end of the resistance R238 and one end of the resistance R237; the other end of the resistance R238 is connected with the other end of the resistance R237 and the drain of the MOS tube Q55; the control end of the charging MOS subunit (610) is connected with the charging control module (400); the control end and the source end of the charging MOS subunit (610) are connected in parallel with the TVS tube TVS5, the voltage stabilizing diode DZ8 and the resistance R212; the source end and the drain end of the charging MOS subunit (610) are connected in parallel with the resistance C72; the source end of the charging MOS subunit (610) is connected with one end of the TVS tube TVS14, one end of the TVS tube TVS15 and one end of the capacitor C92, and is connected with the negative electrode of the charger; the other end of the capacitor C92 is connected with one end of the capacitor C91; the other end of the capacitor C91 is connected with the other end of the TVS tube TVS14 and the other end of the TVS tube TVS15, and is connected with the positive electrode of the charger.

4. The BMS circuit based on high string class single stage architecture of electric motorcycle as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The discharge MOS subunit (620) comprises a resistor R206 and a MOS tube M1; one end of the resistor R206 is connected with the discharge control module (500); the other end of the resistor R206 is connected with the gate of the MOS tube M1; the source of the MOS tube M1 is connected with the current collection module (300); the drain of the MOS tube M1 is connected with the charging MOS subunit (610); the charging MOS subunit (610) comprises a resistor R207 and a MOS tube M2; one end of the resistor R207 is connected with the charging control module (400); the other end of the resistor R207 is connected with the gate of the MOS tube M2; the source of the MOS tube M2 is connected with the negative electrode of the charger; the drain of the MOS tube M2 is connected with the discharge MOS subunit (620).

5. The BMS circuit based on high string class single stage architecture of electric motorcycle as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The discharge control module (500) comprises a resistor R4, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R10, a resistor R13, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a resistor R18, a resistor R116, a capacitor C2, a diode D2, a diode D12, a diode D13, a diode D14, a voltage stabilizing diode DZ1, a MOS tube Q4, a MOS tube Q13, a triode Q16 and a triode Q18; one end of the resistor R7 is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q4 and a 14V voltage source; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with one end of the resistor R8 and the gate of the MOS tube Q4; the drain of the MOS tube Q4 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R4; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D12; the negative electrode of the diode D12 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D13, one end of the resistor R13 and the collector of the triode Q18; the negative electrode of the diode D13 is connected with the other end of the resistor R13 and the charge-discharge MOS module (600); one end of the resistor R18 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q18 and grounded; the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with one end of the resistor R116 and the base of the triode Q18; the other end of the resistor R116 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode D14; the positive electrode of the diode D14 is connected with the collector of the triode Q16; the emitter of the triode Q16 is connected with the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ1; the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ1 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode D2 and one end of the capacitor C2; the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded; one end of the resistor R16 is connected with the base of the triode Q16; the other end of the resistor R16 is connected with one end of the resistor R10 and the AFE chip U1; the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with one end of the resistor R15 and the gate of the MOS tube Q13; the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q13 and grounded; the drain of the MOS tube Q13 is connected with the other end of the resistor R8.

6. The BMS circuit based on high string class single stage architecture of electric motorcycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The charging control module (400) includes resistors R19, R52, R62, R64, R72, R82, R84, R91, R94, capacitor C40, diodes D18, D19, D24, voltage stabilizing diode DZ2, MOS tubes Q23, Q24, triodes Q29 and Q33; one end of the resistor R52 is connected to the source of MOS tube Q23 and a 14V voltage source; the other end of the resistor R52 is connected to one end of the resistor R62 and the gate of MOS tube Q23; the drain of the MOS tube Q23 is connected to the anode of diode D18 and one end of the resistor R19; the other end of the resistor R19 is connected to the anode of diode D19; the cathode of diode D19 is connected to the anode of diode D22, one end of the resistor R82 and the collector of triode Q33; the cathode of diode D22 is connected to the other end of the resistor R82; the emitter of triode Q33 is connected to one end of the resistor R94 and grounded; the other end of the resistor R94 is connected to the base of triode Q33 and one end of the resistor R72; the other end of the resistor R72 is connected to the cathode of diode D24; the anode of diode D24 is connected to the collector of triode Q29; the emitter of triode Q29 is connected to the anode of voltage stabilizing diode DZ2; the cathode of voltage stabilizing diode DZ2 is connected to the cathode of diode D18 and one end of capacitor C40; the other end of capacitor C40 is grounded; the base of triode Q29 is connected to one end of the resistor R91; the other end of the resistor R91 is connected to one end of the resistor R64 and AFE chip U1; the other end of the resistor R64 is connected to one end of the resistor R84 and the gate of MOS tube Q24; the other end of the resistor R84 is connected to the source of MOS tube Q24 and grounded; the drain of MOS tube Q24 is connected to the other end of the resistor R62.

7. The BMS circuit based on high string class single stage architecture of electric motorcycle as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The current acquisition module (300) comprises a capacitor C64, a capacitor C66, a capacitor C67, a resistor R196, a resistor R197, a resistor R239, a resistor R249, a sampling resistor RS1, a sampling resistor RS2, a sampling resistor RS3, a sampling resistor RS4, a sampling resistor RS5, a sampling resistor RS6, a sampling resistor RS7, a sampling resistor RS8, a sampling resistor RS9 and a sampling resistor RS10; one end of the capacitor C64 is connected to one end of the capacitor C66, one end of the resistor R196 and the AFE chip U1; the other end of the capacitor C66 is grounded; the other end of the capacitor C64 is connected to one end of the capacitor C67, one end of the resistor R197 and the AFE chip U1; the other end of the capacitor C67 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R196 is connected to one end of the resistor R239, one end of the resistor R249, one end of the sampling resistor RS1, one end of the sampling resistor RS2, one end of the sampling resistor RS3, one end of the sampling resistor RS4, one end of the sampling resistor RS5, one end of the sampling resistor RS6, one end of the sampling resistor RS7, one end of the sampling resistor RS8, one end of the sampling resistor RS9 and one end of the sampling resistor RS10; the other end of the resistor R239 is connected to the other end of the resistor R249 and grounded; the other end of the resistor R197 is connected to the other end of the sampling resistor RS1, the other end of the sampling resistor RS2, the other end of the sampling resistor RS3, the other end of the sampling resistor RS4, the other end of the sampling resistor RS5, the other end of the sampling resistor RS6, the other end of the sampling resistor RS7, the other end of the sampling resistor RS8, the other end of the sampling resistor RS9, the other end of the sampling resistor RS10 and the charge and discharge MOS module (600).

8. The BMS circuit based on high string class single stage architecture of electric motorcycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The temperature acquisition module (200) comprises a capacitor C59, a capacitor C60, a capacitor C63, a resistor R185, a resistor R192, a diode D1, a diode D11, a thermistor NTC1, a thermistor NTC2 and a thermistor NTC3; one end of the capacitor C59 is connected to one end of the resistor R185, one end of the thermistor NTC1, the negative electrode of the diode D1 and the AFE chip U1; the other end of the capacitor C59 is connected to the other end of the resistor R185, the other end of the thermistor NTC1 and the positive electrode of the diode D1 and grounded; one end of the capacitor C63 is connected to one end of the resistor R192, one end of the thermistor NTC2, the negative electrode of the diode D11 and the AFE chip U1; the other end of the capacitor C63 is connected to the other end of the resistor R192, the other end of the thermistor NTC2 and the positive electrode of the diode D11 and grounded; one end of the capacitor C60 is connected to one end of the thermistor NTC3 and the AFE chip U1; the other end of the capacitor C60 is connected to the other end of the thermistor NTC3 and grounded.

9. The BMS circuit based on high string class single stage architecture of electric motorcycle as claimed in claim 1 wherein: Also include power module (700), the power module (700) is connected charge control module (400), discharge control module (500) and AFE chip U1;The power module (700) includes diode D7, diode D8, resistance R75, resistance R78, triode Q25, triode Q26, capacitor C7 and capacitor C9;The one end of resistance R78 is connected with the positive pole of battery pack;The other end of resistance R78 is connected with the one end of resistance R75, the collector of triode Q25 and the collector of triode Q26;The other end of resistance R75 is connected with the base of triode Q25 and the negative pole of diode D7;The emitter of triode Q25 is connected with the base of triode Q26;The emitter of triode Q26 is connected with the negative pole of diode D8, the one end of capacitor C7 and the one end of capacitor C9, and outputs 14V voltage source;The other end of capacitor C9 is connected with the other end of capacitor C7, the positive pole of diode D8 and the positive pole of diode D7, and is grounded.

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