Blade disc containing fatigue crack blades and equipment for manufacturing fatigue crack blades

Abstract

The utility model relates to a blade disc containing fatigue crack blades and equipment for manufacturing the fatigue crack blades. The bladed disc containing the fatigue crack blades and the equipment for manufacturing the fatigue crack blades comprise the fatigue crack blades, the crack-free blades and the bladed disc, the fatigue crack blades and the crack-free blades are arranged in the circumferential direction of the bladed disc, and the fatigue crack blades and the crack-free blades are fixed to the bladed disc. Compared with the existing linear cutting notch, the blade disc with the fatigue crack blade and the equipment for manufacturing the fatigue crack blade have the advantages that the prefabricated fatigue crack is more consistent with the crack actually generated by engineering, and the fatigue crack blade is arranged on the blade disc and is used for carrying out a rotary crack blade simulation operation test; the method has the advantages that crack breathing behaviors can be accurately simulated, research and analysis of vibration characteristics of faults generated by actual fatigue cracks are facilitated, and an online diagnosis method and technology for recognizing the fatigue cracks of the blade based on vibration are effectively developed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of fatigue crack blade, especially to a bladed disc containing fatigue crack blade and equipment for making fatigue crack blade. BACKGROUND

[0002] Compressor blade is a key component of rotating aero-engine safety and efficiency, and plays an important role in improving the comprehensive performance of aero-engine. Under high speed, high load and complex working environment, the blade is prone to fatigue cracks. If the crack cannot be found and treated in time, the fatigue crack will continue to expand under the action of cyclic stress, leading to serious failure such as compressor blade fracture, causing major safety accidents, personnel casualties and major economic losses. Therefore, fatigue crack threatens the safe operation of aero-engine, and accurate identification of its failure is an important way to ensure the safe operation of aero-engine.

[0003] The structure damage identification technology based on vibration has the advantages of real-time, high efficiency and strong environmental adaptability, and has been widely used in the field of crack fault diagnosis. In order to identify the crack fault of compressor blade by using vibration characteristics, researchers have carried out extensive research on vibration characteristics more sensitive to crack damage. Experimental research is an important research method and an important basis for evaluating the effectiveness of theoretical research. Due to the limitation of site, cost, technology and other conditions, it is very difficult for researchers to directly use aero-engine to carry out vibration experiment of crack blade. At present, experimental table is generally used to carry out experiment, and vibration characteristics of crack fault are studied. However, in these experimental processes, it is found that the crack of blade in all the literatures is not actual fatigue crack, but linear cutting notch is used to simulate fatigue crack, which is not consistent with the actual fatigue crack blade. From the existing literature, such as "Fatigue and Fracture" edited by Chen Chuan-yao of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in January 2002, section 9.2 describes the crack closure phenomenon and theory in detail. Research shows that fatigue crack will have obvious crack closure phenomenon, which cannot be simulated by linear cutting notch. Some scholars have indicated in the literature that linear cutting notch will introduce great error and affect the accuracy of experimental results, such as the article "The dynamic behavior of slender structures with cross-sectional cracks" published in the journal "JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS" in 2010. The article studies the influence of fatigue crack closure on beam vibration through experimental research, and the results show that the analysis results without considering the influence of crack closure are different from the experimental results. However, since the vibration test of crack blade involves the cross fields of fatigue crack propagation and vibration, at present, there is no effective method to make fatigue crack blade. Utility model content

[0004] Therefore, the utility model discloses a kind of fatigue crack vane's bladed disc.

[0005] A kind of fatigue crack vane's bladed disc, including fatigue crack vane, no crack vane and bladed disc, the fatigue crack vane and no crack vane structure is arranged along the bladed disc circumferential direction, the fatigue crack vane and no crack vane are fixed on the bladed disc.

[0006] The bladed disc with fatigue crack vane of the utility model, fatigue crack vane is installed on bladed disc, is used to carry out rotating crack vane simulation running test, can accurately simulate crack breathing behavior, is favorable to study and analyze the vibration characteristic of the fault of actual fatigue crack, provides experimental basis for extracting vibration characteristic sensitive to crack damage, effectively develops the online diagnosis method and technology based on vibration identification blade fatigue crack.

[0007] Further, the no crack vane and fatigue crack vane respectively each include vane base and vane body, two vane fixing holes are equipped on the vane base, and the vane fixing hole is used to be fixed on the bladed disc;The vane body of the no crack vane has no fatigue crack, and the fatigue crack of the fatigue crack vane is located on the vane body.

[0008] Further, the vane body plane is 45 degrees with bladed disc axis.

[0009] An equipment for making fatigue crack vane, including clamp, fatigue testing machine and measuring system;The clamp is used to clamp test sample, the clamp is installed on the fatigue testing machine, the fatigue testing machine is used to carry out bending fatigue test pre-fatigue crack;The measuring system is used to measure the length of fatigue crack.

[0010] Further, the clamp is three-point bending clamp, including single-point support component and double-point support component, the single-point support component includes first testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, connecting block, first side plate and support pin shaft, one end of the connecting block is fixed on the first testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, the front end of the connecting block is equipped with semicylindrical concave surface, the support pin shaft is fixed on the first side plate through screw at both ends, and the support pin shaft shaft body is installed on the semicylindrical concave surface;The double-point support component includes second testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, support platform, support connecting seat, two L-shaped support blocks, second side plate and support pin shaft, the support connecting seat is fixed on the second testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, the support platform is fixed on the support connecting seat, two L-shaped support blocks are oppositely arranged on the support platform, the front end of the L-shaped support block is equipped with semicylindrical concave surface, the support pin shaft is fixed on the second side plate through screw at both ends, and the support pin shaft shaft body is installed on semicylindrical concave surface.

[0011] Further, the fixture is a four-point bending fixture, comprising two double-point support components, the double-point support component comprising a second testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, a support platform, a support connecting seat, two L-shaped support blocks, a second side plate and a support pin shaft, the support connecting seat being fixed on the second testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, the support platform being fixed on the support connecting seat, the two L-shaped support blocks being oppositely arranged on the support platform, the L-shaped support block being provided with a semicylindrical concave surface at a front end, and the support pin shaft being fixed at two ends on the second side plate through screws and having a shaft body installed on the semicylindrical concave surface.

[0012] Further, the measuring system is a COD gauge measuring system, comprising a COD gauge used for clamping on a test sample to measure the fatigue crack length on the test sample.

[0013] Further, the measuring system is an industrial video microscope used for being installed at a proper position to measure the fatigue crack on the test sample.

[0014] For better understanding and implementation, the following will be described in detail in combination with the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of a three-point bending fixture of the present application;

[0016] Figure 2 Fig. 4 is a structural schematic view of a single-point support component of the present application;

[0017] Figure 3 Fig. 5 is a structural schematic view of a double-point support component of the present application;

[0018] Figure 4 Fig. 6 is a structural schematic view of a four-point bending fixture of the present application;

[0019] Figure 5 Fig. 7 is a structural schematic view of a bladed disk with a fatigue crack blade of the present application;

[0020] Figure 6 Fig. 8 is a structural schematic view of a fatigue crack blade of the present application;

[0021] Figure 7 Fig. 9 is a structural schematic view of a non-crack blade of the present application.

[0022] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of a test sample of the present application; Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view of a single-point support component of the present application; Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of a three-point bending fixture of the present application; Fig. 4 is a structural schematic view of a single-point support component of the present application; Fig. 5 is a structural schematic view of a double-point support component of the present application; Fig. 6 is a structural schematic view of a four-point bending fixture of the present application; Fig. 7 is a structural schematic view of a bladed disk with a fatigue crack blade of the present application; Fig. 8 is a structural schematic view of a fatigue crack blade of the present application; Fig. 9 is a structural schematic view of a non-crack blade of the present application; and Fig. 10 is a structural schematic view of a bladed disk without a fatigue crack of the present application.

[0023] 21, first test machine chuck clamping cylinder; 22, connecting block; 23, side plate; 24, support pin shaft; 25, screw;

[0024] 31, second test machine chuck clamping cylinder; 32, support platform; 33, support connecting seat; 34, L-shaped support block; 35, concave groove; 36, inverted T-shaped bolt; 37, locking nut;

[0025] 51, blade base; 52, blade body; 53, blade fixing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1-3 The equipment for manufacturing fatigue crack blades of the utility model comprises a fixture, a fatigue testing machine and a measuring system.

[0027] The fixture is installed on the fatigue testing machine, and the fixture is used for clamping a test sample 1. In this embodiment, the fixture is a three-point bending fixture, and the three-point bending fixture comprises a single-point support component 2 and a double-point support component 3.

[0028] The single-point support component comprises a first test machine chuck clamping cylinder 21, a connecting block 22, a first side plate 23 and a support pin shaft 24. One end of the connecting block 22 is fixed on the first test machine chuck clamping cylinder 21. The front end of the connecting block 22 is provided with a semicylindrical concave surface. The support pin shaft 24 is fixed on the first side plate 23 through screws 25 at both ends. The shaft body of the support pin shaft 24 is installed on the semicylindrical concave surface.

[0029] The double-point support component 3 comprises a second test machine chuck clamping cylinder 31, a support platform 32, a support connecting seat 33, two L-shaped support blocks 34, a second side plate and a support pin shaft 24. The support connecting seat 33 is fixed on the second test machine chuck clamping cylinder 31. The support platform 32 is fixed on the support connecting seat 33. The two L-shaped support blocks 34 are arranged oppositely on the support platform 32. The front end of the L-shaped support block 34 is provided with a semicylindrical concave surface. The support pin shaft 24 is fixed on the second side plate through screws 25 at both ends. The shaft body of the support pin shaft 24 is installed on the semicylindrical concave surface. When the test sample 1 is clamped, the support pin shaft 24 of the single-point support component 2 is placed on the upper end of the test sample 1. The support pin shaft 24 of the double-point support component 3 is placed on the lower end of the test sample 1.

[0030] In another embodiment, the fixture is a four-point bending fixture, and the four-point bending fixture comprises two double-point support components 3. When the test sample 1 is clamped, one double-point support component 3 is placed on the upper end of the test sample 1, and the other double-point support component 3 is placed on the lower end of the test sample 1.

[0031] The fatigue testing machine includes an upper clamp head and a lower clamp head, the upper clamp head clamps the single-point support component 2, and the lower clamp head clamps the double-point support component 3. The fatigue testing machine is selected from fatigue testing machines including a crack propagation experiment function software package, such as an MTS810 fatigue testing machine, and a three-point bending fatigue test is performed on the fatigue testing machine to preform a fatigue crack. By inputting a set crack length, inputting parameters such as a stress ratio, a maximum loading force, a frequency, and the like on the fatigue testing machine, the preformed length of the fatigue crack is adjusted.

[0032] In the embodiment, the measurement system is a COD gauge monitoring system, including a COD gauge 4, which is a common COD gauge 4 in the prior art. The COD gauge 4 is clamped on the sample 1, and the fatigue crack length is displayed in real time by the COD gauge 4; the COD gauge detection system is connected to the test fatigue machine, and the fatigue testing machine is sent a signal by the COD gauge 4, and the fatigue testing machine is automatically stopped when the preset fatigue crack length is reached in the fatigue crack preforming process.

[0033] In another embodiment, the measurement system is an industrial video microscope, which detects the length of the fatigue crack in real time based on a video, and the crack measurement accuracy reaches 0.3 mm, and is suitable for fatigue testing machines without a crack propagation function. The industrial video microscope is installed at a proper position, and the accuracy of the microscope is adjusted so that the notch of the sample 1 can be clearly observed.

[0034] In use, the sample 1 in the shape of a cuboid is cut out, the sample 1 is first heat treated, and then a notch is preformed on one surface of the sample 1 by milling or wire cutting. The sample 1 is clamped on a clamp, the clamp is installed on the fatigue testing machine, the COD gauge 4 or the industrial video microscope is installed, the fatigue testing machine is used to perform a bending fatigue test on the sample 1 to preform a fatigue crack, the COD gauge 4 or the industrial video microscope displays the length of the fatigue crack in real time, the fatigue testing machine is stopped when the preset fatigue crack length is reached, the sample 1 is machined into a blade shape by wire cutting or milling, the preformed notch is cut off in the cutting process, and the fatigue crack 100 is reserved, so that the blade with the fatigue crack is obtained.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 4-5 The utility model also provides a blade disc with a fatigue crack blade, including fatigue crack blade 5, no crack blade 6 and blade disc 7, fatigue crack blade 5 and no crack blade 6 structure along the circumferential direction of blade disc 7 is arranged, fatigue crack blade 5 and no crack blade 6 are fixed on blade disc 7 by bolt.

[0036] The fatigue crack blade 5 comprises a blade base 51 and a blade body 52, a fatigue crack 100 of the fatigue crack blade 5 is located on the blade body 52, and two blade fixing holes 53 are arranged on the blade base 51 and fixed on the blade disc 7 through the blade fixing holes 53.

[0037] The crack-free blade 6 is the same in shape structure as the fatigue crack blade 5, and the blade body 52 of the crack-free blade 6 is free of fatigue cracks.

[0038] The blade body 52 planes of the fatigue crack blade 5 and the crack-free blade 6 are at 45 degrees with the axis of the blade disc 7.

[0039] The three-point bending fatigue test of the utility model can prefabricate real fatigue cracks, the fatigue cracks are more consistent with the cracks generated in engineering practice compared with the existing wire cutting notch, the fatigue crack blade 5 is installed on the blade disc 7, the rotating crack blade simulation operation test is carried out, the crack breathing behavior can be accurately simulated, the vibration characteristics of the fault generated by the actual fatigue crack can be studied and analyzed, the experimental basis is provided for extracting the vibration characteristics sensitive to the crack damage, the online diagnosis method and technology based on vibration identification blade fatigue crack are effectively developed.

[0040] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation manners of the utility model, the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as the limitation of the utility model patent scope. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, and the utility model also intends to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A bladed disk containing a fatigue crack blade, characterized by: The fatigue crack blade and the crack-free blade are arranged circumferentially along the disc, and are fixed on the disc.

2. The bladed disk containing a fatigue crack blade of claim 1, wherein: The crack-free blade and the fatigue crack blade each include a blade base and a blade body, the blade base is provided with two blade fixing holes for fixing on the disc, the blade body of the crack-free blade is free of fatigue cracks, and the fatigue cracks of the fatigue crack blade are located on the blade body.

3. The bladed disk containing a fatigue crack blade of claim 2, wherein: The blade body plane is at an angle of 45 degrees with the disc axis.

4. An apparatus for making a fatigue crack blade, characterized by: The fixture is used for clamping the sample, the fixture is installed on the fatigue testing machine, the fatigue testing machine is used for conducting a bending fatigue test to preform a fatigue crack, and the measuring system is used for measuring the length of the fatigue crack.

5. An apparatus for making a fatigue crack blade according to claim 4, wherein: The fixture is a three-point bending fixture, including a single-point support component and a double-point support component, the single-point support component includes a first testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, a connecting block, a first side plate and a support pin shaft, one end of the connecting block is fixed on the first testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, a semicylindrical concave surface is arranged at the front end of the connecting block, the support pin shaft is fixed on the first side plate through screws at both ends, and the shaft body of the support pin shaft is installed on the semicylindrical concave surface; the double-point support component includes a second testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, a support platform, a support connecting seat, two L-shaped support blocks, a second side plate and a support pin shaft, the support connecting seat is fixed on the second testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, the support platform is fixed on the support connecting seat, the two L-shaped support blocks are arranged oppositely on the support platform, a semicylindrical concave surface is arranged at the front end of the L-shaped support block, the support pin shaft is fixed on the second side plate through screws at both ends, and the shaft body of the support pin shaft is installed on the semicylindrical concave surface.

6. An apparatus for making a fatigue crack blade as defined in claim 4 wherein: The fixture is a four-point bending fixture, including two double-point support components, the double-point support component includes a second testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, a support platform, a support connecting seat, two L-shaped support blocks, a second side plate and a support pin shaft, the support connecting seat is fixed on the second testing machine chuck clamping cylinder, the support platform is fixed on the support connecting seat, the two L-shaped support blocks are arranged oppositely on the support platform, a semicylindrical concave surface is arranged at the front end of the L-shaped support block, the support pin shaft is fixed on the second side plate through screws at both ends, and the shaft body of the support pin shaft is installed on the semicylindrical concave surface.

7. An apparatus for making a fatigue crack blade as defined in claim 4 wherein: The measuring system is a COD gauge measuring system, including a COD gauge, the COD gauge is used for clamping on the sample to measure the length of the fatigue crack on the sample.

8. An apparatus for making a fatigue crack blade as defined in claim 4 wherein: The measuring system is an industrial video microscope, which is used for installation in a proper position to measure the fatigue crack on the sample.

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