Adsorption type low-temperature hydrogen tank container
By using a combination of nanoporous carbon-based materials and butterfly filters in hydrogen tanks, the high cost and safety issues of existing hydrogen storage and transportation technologies have been solved, achieving high-density hydrogen storage and safe release at low temperatures.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520163015.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing hydrogen storage and transportation technologies suffer from high equipment costs, safety issues, high energy consumption, and poor reversibility, especially in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, and medium-pressure solid metal hydrogen storage.
A hydrogen adsorption layer made of carbon-based material with nanopores is used, combined with a butterfly filter and a safety release mechanism to achieve high-density hydrogen storage at low temperatures, and the safety release mechanism ensures safety.
High-density hydrogen storage is achieved at lower temperatures and pressures, and safe release is possible under overpressure conditions, reducing equipment costs and energy consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN223595630U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to hydrogen tank field especially adsorption type low temperature hydrogen tank. BACKGROUND
[0002] At present, the method of large-scale hydrogen storage and transportation mainly includes three categories: high-pressure tube bundle gaseous hydrogen storage, low-temperature tank car liquid hydrogen storage and medium-pressure tank solid metal hydrogen storage. High-pressure tube bundle gaseous hydrogen storage usually compresses hydrogen to ultrahigh pressure (35-70 MPa) and stores it in a specially-made high-strength hydrogen storage tank. The adsorption capacity per unit volume can reach 350-700 L / L. Although it has been widely used in industrial and transportation fields, the high equipment manufacturing cost and safety problems often become the focus of attention. Low-temperature tank car liquid hydrogen storage liquefies hydrogen by cooling it to below -253 DEG C for high-density storage. The adsorption capacity per unit volume can reach 6000 L / L. However, due to the extremely low temperature required for cooling and continuous thermal management control, this technology faces significant energy loss and high cost problems. Medium-pressure tank solid metal hydrogen storage uses magnesium-based metal as a carrier to store hydrogen through chemical adsorption. The adsorption capacity per unit volume can reach 1000-2000 L / L. Although it avoids the need for high-pressure hydrogen storage and low-temperature cooling, this technology faces significant problems of high raw material cost, high energy consumption at high temperature, and poor reversibility. SUMMARY
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: in order to solve the technical problems described in the background art, the utility model provides an adsorption type low temperature hydrogen tank. The strong adsorption capacity of the hydrogen adsorption layer with carbon-based material with nano micropores to hydrogen molecules realizes high-density hydrogen storage at relatively low temperature and pressure environment. The butterfly-shaped filter screen is used to filter hydrogen. The safety relief mechanism is used to realize safe zero relief of hydrogen.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:
[0005] An adsorption type low temperature hydrogen tank, comprising an adiabatic shell, a hydrogen adsorption layer, a butterfly-shaped filter screen, a hydrogen charging and discharging valve, a safety relief mechanism and a vacuum pumping mechanism, the inner wall of the adiabatic shell is provided with the hydrogen adsorption layer, the adiabatic shell is installed with the butterfly-shaped filter screen, and the adiabatic shell is installed with the hydrogen charging and discharging valve, the safety relief mechanism and the vacuum pumping mechanism; the hydrogen adsorption layer is made of carbon-based material, and a plurality of nano micropores are distributed on the hydrogen adsorption layer.
[0006] Specifically, the adiabatic shell comprises an outer shell, an inner shell, a support ring, a thermal insulation layer and a charging and discharging flange, the inner shell is fixedly connected in the outer shell, a plurality of support rings are fixed between the outer shell and the inner shell, the thermal insulation layer is arranged between the outer shell and the inner shell, and the charging and discharging flange is arranged at the top of the outer shell.
[0007] Specifically, the safety relief mechanism includes a shut-off valve, a safety valve, and a hydrogen absorption tank. The safety relief mechanism is connected to the inner shell through a pipeline, and a shut-off valve and a safety valve are installed on the pipeline between the insulation shell and the hydrogen absorption tank.
[0008] Specifically, a display instrument is installed on the insulation shell.
[0009] Specifically, the insulation shell is installed inside the frame, and the frame contains a ladder and an instrument box.
[0010] Specifically, the micropore size of the hydrogen adsorption layer is 1-2 nm, and the pore specific surface area is 3000 μm. 2 / g.
[0011] Specifically, the butterfly-shaped filter screen is a stainless steel wire mesh.
[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an adsorption-type low-temperature hydrogen tank. Through the strong adsorption capacity of the hydrogen adsorption layer made of carbon-based material with nanopores, high-density hydrogen storage is achieved under relatively low temperature and pressure conditions. Hydrogen is filtered through a butterfly-shaped filter. Zero hydrogen leakage is achieved through a safety venting mechanism. Attached Figure Description
[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of this utility model;
[0016] In the diagram: 1. Insulation shell, 2. Hydrogen adsorption layer, 3. Butterfly filter, 4. Hydrogen filling / discharging valve, 5. Safety vent.
[0017] 6. Vacuuming mechanism, 7. Display instrument, 8. Frame, 11. Outer shell, 12. Inner shell, 13. Support ring, 14. Insulation layer, 15. Discharge flange, 51. Shut-off valve, 52. Safety valve, 53.
[0018] Hydrogen absorption tank, 81. Ladder, 82. Instrument box. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the frame of the utility model.
[0021] As shown in the accompanying Figure 1 , an adsorption type low-temperature hydrogen tank, comprising an adiabatic shell 1, a hydrogen adsorption layer 2, a butterfly filter screen 3, a hydrogen filling and discharging valve 4, a safety relief mechanism 5, a vacuumizing mechanism 6, the inner wall of the adiabatic shell 1 is provided with the hydrogen adsorption layer 2, the adiabatic shell 1 is internally provided with the butterfly filter screen 3, and the adiabatic shell 1 is externally provided with the hydrogen filling and discharging valve 4, the safety relief mechanism 5 and the vacuumizing mechanism 6; the hydrogen adsorption layer 2 is made of carbon-based material, and a plurality of nano micropores are distributed on the hydrogen adsorption layer 2. The hydrogen filling and discharging valve 4 is a manual stop angle valve. The vacuumizing mechanism 6 can perform vacuumizing on the space between the outer shell body 11 and the inner shell body 12.
[0022] The adiabatic shell 1 comprises an outer shell body 11, an inner shell body 12, a supporting ring 13, a heat preservation layer 14 and a charging and discharging flange 15, the inner shell body 12 is fixedly connected in the outer shell body 11, a plurality of supporting rings 13 are fixed between the outer shell body 11 and the inner shell body 12, the heat preservation layer 14 is arranged between the outer shell body 11 and the inner shell body 12, and the charging and discharging flange 15 is arranged at the top of the outer shell body 11.
[0023] The outer shell body 11 and the inner shell body 12 are separated by the supporting ring 13, the material of the supporting ring 13 is composite polyester heat insulation material, so that an inner-outer double-layer structure is formed, and the protection performance and the heat insulation performance are improved.
[0024] The safety relief mechanism 5 comprises a stop valve 51, a safety valve 52 and a hydrogen adsorption tank 53, the safety relief mechanism 5 is communicated with the inner shell body 12 through a pipeline, and the stop valve 51 and the safety valve 52 are arranged on the pipeline between the adiabatic shell 1 and the hydrogen adsorption tank 53. Palladium alloy is arranged in the hydrogen adsorption tank 53.
[0025] Low-temperature compressed hydrogen (5.0MPa, 100K) from the outside is connected to the hydrogen filling and discharging valve 4 of the tank through a filling pipeline, the hydrogen filling and discharging valve 4 is opened, the low-temperature compressed hydrogen enters the inner shell body 12, the kinetic energy of hydrogen molecules is reduced, the hydrogen molecules are efficiently adsorbed to the surface of the porous material and the micropores of the hydrogen adsorption layer 2, and gradually reach a saturated state, and the hydrogen filling and discharging valve 4 is closed, and the adsorption amount per unit volume can reach 1500L / L.
[0026] When hydrogen is released from the outside, the hydrogen filling and discharging valve 4 is opened, the hydrogen molecules on the surface of the hydrogen adsorption layer 2 are desorbed and released, until the pressure in the tank is reduced to 5-10kPa, and the hydrogen filling and discharging valve 4 is closed.
[0027] During the storage and transportation of the hydrogen tank, when the internal pressure of the hydrogen tank continuously rises to 5.75 MPa due to external factors, the safety relief mechanism 5 is opened, and the overpressure-released hydrogen enters the hydrogen absorption tank 53. Under the catalytic action of palladium alloy, it reacts with oxygen in the air to generate water and is discharged until the internal pressure of the hydrogen tank is less than 5.75 MPa.
[0028] The insulation layer 14 is made of insulating sand. The insulation layer 14 can improve the thermal insulation performance of the insulation shell 1.
[0029] A display instrument 7 is installed on the insulating shell 1. The display instrument 7 can display the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the inner shell 12.
[0030] As attached Figure 2 As shown, the insulation shell 1 is installed inside the frame 8, and the frame 8 houses the ladder 81 and the instrument box 82. The instrument box 82 provides protection for the insulation shell 1, the hydrogen charging and discharging valve 4, the safety relief mechanism 5, the vacuuming mechanism 6, and the display instrument 7.
[0031] The micropores of the hydrogen adsorption layer 2 have a diameter of 1-2 nm and a specific surface area of 3000 μm. 2 / g. High-density hydrogen storage is achieved under relatively low temperature and pressure conditions through the strong adsorption capacity of the microporous hydrogen adsorption layer 2 for hydrogen molecules.
[0032] The butterfly filter 3 is made of stainless steel wire mesh. The butterfly filter 3 can filter impurities from hydrogen gas.
[0033] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An adsorption type cryogenic hydrogen tank characterized by, The application relates to a hydrogen storage device, which comprises an adiabatic shell (1), a hydrogen adsorption layer (2), a butterfly-shaped filter screen (3), a hydrogen filling and discharging valve (4), a safety relief mechanism (5), a vacuumizing mechanism (6), the inner wall of the adiabatic shell (1) is provided with the hydrogen adsorption layer (2), the butterfly-shaped filter screen (3) is arranged in the adiabatic shell (1), the hydrogen filling and discharging valve (4), the safety relief mechanism (5) and the vacuumizing mechanism (6) are arranged on the adiabatic shell (1), the hydrogen adsorption layer (2) is made of carbon-based material, and a plurality of nano micropores are distributed on the hydrogen adsorption layer (2).
2. The adsorption-type low-temperature hydrogen tank according to claim 1, characterized by: The adiabatic shell (1) comprises an outer shell (11), an inner shell (12), supporting rings (13), a heat preservation layer (14) and a loading and discharging flange (15), the inner shell (12) is fixedly connected in the outer shell (11), a plurality of supporting rings (13) are fixed between the outer shell (11) and the inner shell (12), the heat preservation layer (14) is arranged between the outer shell (11) and the inner shell (12), and the loading and discharging flange (15) is arranged on the top of the outer shell (11).
3. The adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen tank according to claim 2, characterized by: The safety relief mechanism (5) comprises a stop valve (51), a safety valve (52) and a hydrogen adsorption tank (53), the safety relief mechanism (5) is communicated with the inner shell (12) through a pipeline, and the stop valve (51) and the safety valve (52) are arranged on the pipeline between the adiabatic shell (1) and the hydrogen adsorption tank (53).
4. The adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen tank according to claim 1, characterized by: The display instrument (7) is arranged on the adiabatic shell (1).
5. The adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen tank according to claim 1, characterized by: The adiabatic shell (1) is arranged in a frame (8), and the frame (8) is provided with a crawling ladder (81) and an instrument box (82).
6. The adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen tank according to claim 1, characterized by: The microporous pore size of the hydrogen adsorption layer (2) is 1-2 nm, and the pore specific surface area is 3000 m 2 / g.
7. The adsorption-type cryogenic hydrogen tank according to claim 1, characterized by: The butterfly-shaped filter screen (3) is made of stainless steel wire screen.