Active equalization control board and battery management system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an initiative equalization control board and battery management system belong to battery technical field. Initiative equalization control board includes: control module, voltage acquisition module is connected respectively control module and each electricity core among battery module, relay module includes with each electricity core one to one of battery module multiple relay, in any relay, the coil connects control module, the first end of first contact switch connects the positive pole of electricity core, the first end of second contact switch connects the negative pole of electricity core, voltage equalization module includes voltage reduction control unit and voltage increase control unit, the first end of each first contact switch all connects voltage reduction control unit's first end and voltage increase control unit's first end, the second end of each second contact switch all connects voltage reduction control unit's second end and voltage increase control unit's second end, and the control end of voltage reduction control unit and the control end of voltage increase control unit all connect control module. The utility model can promote initiative equalization's reliability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to battery technology field especially relates to a kind of initiative equalization control panel and battery management system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Battery module is usually composed of multiple battery cells to be used together, and the inconsistency of battery cells will make more battery cells unable to charge enough power or discharge enough capacity, resulting in a sharp decline in the overall capacity, and further leading to a significant decrease in the effective life of the battery module. Long-term operation will also greatly reduce the reliability and safety of the battery module, so it is crucial to maintain the battery module. In the current active balancing design scheme, each balancing branch switch connected to each battery cell in the battery module is usually based on MOS tubes, forming an equalization switch matrix, and through the odd-even adjustment of the trunk switch to control the battery cells to be balanced to connect with the equalization component through the correct polarity. The balancing process needs to be coordinated with the branch switch and the trunk switch, and the control process is complex, and the conflict problem of the coordination failure of the trunk switch and the branch switch is prone to occur, affecting the reliability of the balancing. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model provides a kind of initiative equalization control panel and battery management system to improve the reliability of battery module active balancing.

[0004] In the first aspect, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of initiative equalization control panel, comprising:

[0005] A control module;

[0006] A voltage acquisition module is connected to each battery cell in the battery module and the control module;

[0007] A relay module includes a plurality of relays corresponding to each battery cell in the battery module;The relay includes a coil, a first contact switch and a second contact switch;In any of the relays, the coil is connected to the control module, the first end of the first contact switch is connected to the positive electrode of the corresponding battery cell of the relay, and the first end of the second contact switch is connected to the negative electrode of the corresponding battery cell of the relay;

[0008] A voltage balancing module includes a step-down control unit and a step-up control unit;The second end of the first contact switch of each relay is connected to the first end of the step-down control unit and the first end of the step-up control unit, the second end of the second contact switch of each relay is connected to the second end of the step-down control unit and the second end of the step-up control unit, and the control end of the step-down control unit and the control end of the step-up control unit are connected to the control module.

[0009] Optionally, the voltage collection module comprises at least one analog front-end chip; each of the analog front-end chips is connected to the control module, and each of the analog front-end chips is connected to each of the battery cells correspondingly;

[0010] In the case that one of the analog front-end chips is connected to at least one of the battery cells, in the case that the voltage collection module comprises a plurality of the analog front-end chips, different analog front-end chips are connected to different battery cells.

[0011] Optionally, the voltage collection module further comprises:

[0012] at least one connector corresponding to each of the analog front-end chips; the analog front-end chip is connected to the battery cell through the corresponding connector;

[0013] an IIC isolation chip; each of the analog front-end chips is connected to the control module through the IIC isolation chip.

[0014] Optionally, the active equalization control board further comprises a first power supply end, and the relay module further comprises a plurality of on-off control units corresponding to each of the relays;

[0015] The on-off control unit and the coil of the corresponding relay are connected in series between the first power supply end and the ground, and the control end of the on-off control unit is connected to the control module.

[0016] Optionally, the active equalization control board further comprises at least one decoder; the decoder comprises at least one address end and a plurality of drive output ends, and the number of all the drive output ends of all the decoders is greater than or equal to the number of the on-off control units;

[0017] In the case that each of the address ends is connected to the control module, the control end of different on-off control units is connected to different drive output ends correspondingly.

[0018] Optionally, the positive power supply end of the step-down control unit and the positive power supply end of the step-up control unit are connected to the positive pole of a direct current power supply, and the negative power supply end of the step-down control unit and the negative power supply end of the step-up control unit are connected to the negative pole of the direct current power supply;

[0019] The voltage reduction control unit comprises a BUCK circuit and a first switch unit; a positive connection end of the BUCK circuit is connected to a first end of the voltage reduction control unit, a negative connection end of the BUCK circuit is connected to a second end of the voltage reduction control unit, a positive power supply end of the BUCK circuit is connected to a positive power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit, and a negative power supply end of the BUCK circuit is connected to a negative power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit; the first switch unit is connected between the negative power supply end of the BUCK circuit and the negative power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit, or connected between the positive power supply end of the BUCK circuit and the positive power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit; a control end of the first switch unit is connected to the control module.

[0020] The voltage reduction control unit comprises a BUCK circuit and a first switch unit; a positive connection end of the BUCK circuit is connected to a first end of the voltage reduction control unit, a negative connection end of the BUCK circuit is connected to a second end of the voltage reduction control unit, a positive power supply end of the BUCK circuit is connected to a positive power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit, and a negative power supply end of the BUCK circuit is connected to a negative power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit; the first switch unit is connected between the negative power supply end of the BUCK circuit and the negative power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit, or connected between the positive power supply end of the BUCK circuit and the positive power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit; a control end of the first switch unit is connected to the control module.

[0021] Optionally, the voltage reduction control unit further comprises a first drive control chip connected between the control module and the control end of the first switch unit.

[0022] And / or, the voltage reduction control unit further comprises a second drive control chip connected between the control module and the control end of the second switch unit.

[0023] And / or, the voltage reduction control unit further comprises a third switch unit; a control end of the third switch unit is connected to the control module; a first end of the third switch unit is connected to a positive pole of the direct current power supply, and a second end of the third switch unit is connected to the positive power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit and the positive power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit, or a first end of the third switch unit is connected to a negative pole of the direct current power supply, and a second end of the third switch unit is connected to the negative power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit and the negative power supply end of the voltage reduction control unit.

[0024] Optionally, the active equalization control board further comprises:

[0025] A communication module comprising a CAN isolation chip and a CAN interface; the CAN isolation chip is connected between the control module and the CAN interface.

[0026] and / or, a power conversion module, connected with the DC power supply and the control module respectively;

[0027] and / or, a temperature acquisition module, comprising a plurality of temperature acquisition elements and at least one gating switch chip; each of the temperature acquisition elements is used for acquiring the temperature of each of the battery cells, the temperature of the positive electrode of the battery module and the temperature of the negative electrode of the battery module; the gating switch chip comprises a signal output end and a plurality of selection ends; at least part of the temperature acquisition elements are connected with different selection ends respectively, and each of the signal output ends is connected with the control module; in the case that part of the temperature acquisition elements are connected with different selection ends respectively, the other temperature acquisition elements are directly connected with the control module.

[0028] Optionally, the active balancing control board further comprises:

[0029] at least one dry contact; each of the dry contacts is connected with the control module;

[0030] and / or, an input / output addressing interface, connected with the control module;

[0031] and / or, a memory, connected with the control module.

[0032] In the second aspect, the utility model embodiment further provides a battery management system, comprising: the active balancing control board provided by any of the utility model embodiments.

[0033] In the active balancing control board provided by the utility model embodiment, the control module, the voltage acquisition module, the relay module and the voltage balancing module are arranged. In the relay module, the double-pole double-throw type relay with the first contact switch and the second contact switch is used as the balancing switch, and the two contact switches are connected with the positive and negative electrodes of the same battery cell, so that one-to-one vertical control of each battery cell can be realized. The independent balancing control of each battery cell is realized by one-to-one correspondence between each relay and each battery cell, so that there is no cross situation that the same contact switch is used as the balancing switch connected with the positive electrode of one battery cell and the balancing switch connected with the negative electrode of another battery cell in the scheme provided by the utility model embodiment, and therefore, it is not necessary to arrange the dry contact switch to adjust the polarity of the boost / buck control unit connected with the second end of each contact switch, so that the control logic can be simplified, and the balancing failure caused by the cooperation failure of the dry contact switch and the contact switch due to the error of control delay and the like can be avoided from the root. In addition, the buck control unit and the boost control unit are arranged in the voltage balancing module, which is equivalent to providing the bidirectional active balancing function, that is, supporting the charging balancing of the battery cell and the discharging balancing of the battery cell, so that the consistency of each battery cell can be effectively improved, and the service life of the battery module can be effectively prolonged. In summary, the utility model embodiment can effectively improve the reliability of the active balancing of the battery module.

[0034] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the utility model, nor is it used to limit the scope of the utility model. Other features of the utility model will become easy to understand through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced below, obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creating labor.

[0036] Figure 1 It is the structural schematic diagram of the active equalization control board provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 2 It is the structural schematic diagram of another active equalization control board provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 3 It is the structural schematic diagram of still another active equalization control board provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 4 It is the connection relationship schematic diagram of the battery module, the relay module and the voltage equalization module provided by the embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the person in the art better understand the utility model scheme, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model, obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiment in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creating labor should belong to the scope of the utility model protection.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be exchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0042] The embodiment of the utility model provides a kind of initiative equalization control panel, can realize the initiative equalization of battery module based on relay, to effectively improve the reliability of initiative equalization. Figure 1 It is the structure diagram of the initiative equalization control panel provided by the embodiment of the utility model. Referring to Figure 1 The initiative equalization control panel includes: control module 10, voltage acquisition module 20, relay module 30 and voltage equalization module 40.

[0043] Among them, voltage acquisition module 20 is connected respectively control module 10 and each electric core E in battery module 100. Relay module 30 includes multiple relays 310 corresponding to each electric core E in battery module 100. Relay 310 includes coil C, first contact switch K1 and second contact switch K2, forms double-pole double-throw switch structure controlled by same coil C, and the on-off state of first contact switch K1 and second contact switch K2 is same. In any relay 310, coil C is connected control module 10, whether coil C is powered by control module 10 controls; the first end of first contact switch K1 is connected the positive pole of the electric core E corresponding to relay 310, as the equalization switch connected to the positive pole of this electric core E; the first end of second contact switch K2 is connected the negative pole of the electric core E corresponding to relay 310, as the equalization switch connected to the negative pole of this electric core E. Voltage equalization module 40 includes step-down control unit 410 and step-up control unit 420; the second end of the first contact switch K1 of each relay 310 is connected the first end N11 of step-down control unit 410 and the first end N21 of step-up control unit 410, and the second end of the second contact switch K2 of each relay 310 is connected the second end N12 of step-down control unit 410 and the second end N22 of step-up control unit 420, and the control end N13 of step-down control unit 410 and the control end N23 of step-up control unit 420 are connected control module 10. Figure 1 In order to facilitate observation, for the connection part of relay module 30 and voltage equalization module 40, the relevant connection relationship of the second end of each first contact switch K1 is represented with thick solid line, and the relevant connection relationship of the second end of each second contact switch K2 is represented with thin solid line.

[0044] Exemplarily, battery module 100 can include multiple electric cores E connected in series between the positive pole BAT+ of battery module 100 and the negative pole BAT- of battery module 100. The process that the initiative equalization control panel controls battery module 100 to carry out initiative equalization can be:

[0045] The voltage collection module 20 collects the voltage of each battery cell E and forms battery cell voltage data transmitted to the control module 10; the control module 10 determines the battery cell E that needs to be balanced according to the voltage of each battery cell E; the control module 10 controls the first contact switch K1 and the second contact switch K2 in the relay 310 connected to one of the battery cells E to be balanced to be conductive, so that the battery cell E to be balanced is in communication with the voltage balancing module 40; at the same time, the control module 10 judges whether the battery cell E to be balanced needs to be charged balanced or discharged balanced, and controls the step-down control unit 410 or the step-up control unit 420 to work according to the judgment result, so as to realize the active balancing of the battery cell E to be balanced.

[0046] Exemplarily, the control module 10 can compare the voltage of each battery cell E with the average value of the voltage of all battery cells E, when the difference between the voltage of the battery cell E and the average value of the voltage is greater than a preset threshold value, the battery cell E can be considered as the battery cell E that needs to be balanced. Wherein, if the voltage of the battery cell E that needs to be balanced is greater than the average value of the voltage, the discharge balancing needs to be performed through the step-up control unit 420; if the voltage of the battery cell E that needs to be balanced is less than the average value of the voltage, the charging balancing needs to be performed through the step-down control unit 410. It can be understood that at the same time, the control module 10 controls one of the relays 310 to be conductive, and controls one of the step-down control unit 410 and the step-up control unit 420 to work, so as to realize the active balancing of one of the battery cells E, and avoid the conflict between the balancing processes of different battery cells E caused by the conduction of multiple relays 310.

[0047] Exemplarily, the control module 10 can comprise a MCU (Microcontroller Unit). The voltage collection module 20 can collect the voltage across each cell E as the voltage of the cell E. The control module 10 can control whether the two contact switches in the relay are turned on or not by controlling whether the coil C of the relay 310 is powered or not. For example, the control module 10 can connect the power supply end or the ground end of the coil C, and make the coil C powered by controlling the power supply end to connect the power supply signal, or make the coil C powered by controlling the ground end to connect the ground; both the first contact switch K1 and the second contact switch K2 can be normally open contacts, and are turned on at the same time when the coil C is powered. The buck control unit 410 can comprise a BUCK circuit of any structure, and the boost control unit 420 can comprise a BOOST circuit of any structure; the first end N11 of the buck control unit 410 is its positive connection end, and the second end N12 is its negative connection end; the first end N21 of the boost control unit 420 is its positive connection end, and the second end N22 is its negative connection end. Then, for any cell E to be balanced, when the two contact switches of the relay 310 connected to the cell E are turned on, the positive electrode of the cell E is connected to the positive connection end of the buck control unit 410 and the positive connection end of the boost control unit 420 through the first contact switch K1 respectively, and the negative electrode of the cell E is connected to the negative connection end of the buck control unit 410 and the negative connection end of the boost control unit 420 through the second contact switch K2 respectively. Then, according to the type of balancing to be performed on the cell E to be balanced, one of the buck control unit 410 and the boost control unit 420 is controlled to be turned on and work, so that the active balancing of the cell E to be balanced can be realized.

[0048] The active equalization control board provided in the embodiment of the utility model, set up with control module 10, voltage acquisition module 20, relay module 30 and voltage equalization module 40. In relay module 30, the relay 310 of double-pole double-throw type with first contact switch K1 and second contact switch K2 is used as equalization switch, two contact switches are connected to the positive and negative poles of the same battery cell E respectively, and one-to-one vertical control of each battery cell E can be realized. Each relay 310 corresponds to each battery cell E to realize independent equalization control of each battery cell E, so that there is no cross situation that the same contact switch is used as the equalization switch connected to the positive pole of one battery cell E and the equalization switch connected to the negative pole of another battery cell E in the scheme provided in the embodiment of the utility model, so it is not necessary to set up a main switch to adjust the polarity of the boost / buck control unit connected to the second end of each contact switch, thereby simplifying the control logic and avoiding the failure of equalization caused by the cooperation failure of the main switch and the contact switch due to the control delay error. And, the voltage equalization module 40 is provided with a buck control unit 410 and a boost control unit 420, which is equivalent to providing a bidirectional active equalization function, supporting charging equalization of the battery cell E and supporting discharging equalization of the battery cell E, which can effectively improve the consistency of each battery cell E and effectively prolong the service life of the battery module 100. In summary, the embodiment of the utility model can effectively improve the reliability of the active equalization of the battery module.

[0049] The specific structure of each functional module in the active equalization control board will be exemplarily described below, but not as a limitation of the utility model.

[0050] Figure 2 is another structural schematic view of the active equalization control board provided in the embodiment of the utility model. Referring to Figure 2 In an embodiment, the voltage acquisition module 20 includes at least one analog front-end chip AFE.

[0051] In which, one analog front-end chip AFE can collect the voltage of multiple battery cells E; one analog front-end chip AFE is connected to at least one battery cell E. In actual application, the number of analog front-end chips AFE can be determined according to the number of battery cells E in the battery module 100, so that the collection capacity of all analog front-end chips AFE is greater than or equal to the number of battery cells E in the battery module 100, to realize the voltage acquisition of each battery cell E. In the case that the voltage acquisition module 20 includes multiple analog front-end chips AFE, different analog front-end chips AFE are connected to different battery cells E to avoid repeated acquisition. Figure 2Exemplarily, 26 battery cells E are included in the battery module 100, one analog front-end chip AFE can collect voltage of at most 13 battery cells E, and then two analog front-end chips AFE can cover voltage collection of the 26 battery cells E. Exemplarily, the 26 battery cells E are connected in series and sequentially ordered. One analog front-end chip AFE can be connected with battery cells E of odd number order, and the other analog front-end chip AFE can be connected with battery cells E of even number order; or one analog front-end chip AFE can be connected with the first 13 battery cells E, and the other analog front-end chip AFE can be connected with the last 13 battery cells E; or other connection modes can also be set, and the control module 10 pre-stores the connection mode and can determine which battery cell E the voltage data collected by the analog front-end chip AFE corresponds to.

[0052] Further, continuing to refer to Figure 2 The voltage collection module 20 can further include a connector assembly 210 and an IIC isolation chip 220. The connector assembly 210 includes at least one connector 211 corresponding to each analog front-end chip AFE. The analog front-end chip AFE can be connected with each battery cell E through the corresponding connector 211, so as to collect the voltage of each battery cell E. Alternatively, the connector 211 can be used to arrange the wire harness connected with each battery cell E, so that the wiring of the active equalization control board is regular. The analog front-end chip AFE and the connector 211 correspond to each other, which is conducive to the wiring design of the active equalization control board. Each analog front-end chip AFE is connected with the control module 10 through the IIC isolation chip 220. For example, the IIC communication interface of each analog front-end chip AFE is connected with the IIC communication interface of the control module 10 through the IIC isolation chip 220. The IIC isolation chip 220 can improve the safety of information transmission, and avoid the influence and damage of high potential / surge at the battery cell E on the control module 10.

[0053] Figure 3 is another structural schematic diagram of the active equalization control board provided by the embodiment of the utility model. Referring to Figure 3 In an embodiment, the active equalization control board further includes a first power supply end VDD. The relay module 30 further includes a plurality of on-off control units 320 corresponding to each relay 310. The on-off control unit 320 and the coil C of the corresponding relay 310 are connected in series between the first power supply end VDD and the ground, and the control end of the on-off control unit 320 is connected with the control module 10.

[0054] The embodiment is configured such that the control module 10 can control whether the coil C of the relay 310 is powered by controlling the on-off state of the on-off control unit 320. For example, the power supply end of the coil C of the relay 310 can be connected to the first power supply end VDD, and the on-off control unit 320 can be connected between the ground end of the coil C and the ground. For example, the first power supply end VDD can be connected to a 12V DC voltage.

[0055] Specifically, the on-off control unit 320 can include a fourth transistor Q4 connected in series between the first power supply end VDD and the ground, and the control electrode of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the control module 10. The embodiment is configured such that the on-off control unit 320 includes one transistor, so that the structure of the on-off control unit 320 is simple and easy to implement. For example, the fourth transistor Q4 can be a transistor, such as an NPN transistor.

[0056] Continuing to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 On the basis of the above embodiments, the active balancing control board can optionally further include a decoder assembly 50, and the decoder assembly 50 can include at least one decoder 510. By providing the decoder 510, the interface resources of the control module 10 can be effectively saved, and the control of each relay 310 can be implemented based on fewer interfaces. For example, the decoder 510 can be connected to the GPIO interface in the control module 10.

[0057] Specifically, the decoder 510 can include at least one address end and a plurality of driving output ends. The number of the decoder 510 can be determined according to the number of the on-off control units 320 to be controlled, or according to the number of the battery cells E in the battery module 100. The number of all driving output ends of all decoders 510 is greater than or equal to the number of the on-off control units 320, so as to realize the separate control of each on-off control unit 320. Wherein, each address end is connected to the control module 10, and the control ends of different on-off control units 320 are respectively connected to different driving output ends. For example, still taking the battery module 100 including 26 battery cells E as an example, the relay module 30 includes 26 relays 310 and 26 on-off control units 320; if a 3-8 decoder is selected, that is, the decoder 510 includes three address ends and eight driving output ends, four decoders 510 need to be set. The control module 10 provides the required enable signal EN and address signal ADD to each decoder 510. Specifically, the control module 10 issues a balancing instruction, which is decomposed into control signals for each on-off control unit 320 through the operation of each 3-8 decoder; there is a logical cooperation between the four 3-8 decoders to avoid misdirecting or multiple on-off control units 320 being turned on at the same time. Wherein, the balancing instruction includes the enable signal EN and the address signal ADD of each decoder 510, at the same time, the control module 10 only enables one decoder 510, and the enabled decoder 510 controls one driving output end to output a driving signal based on the address signal ADD received by the decoder 510, so as to drive the fourth transistor Q4 connected to the driving output end to be turned on, the coil C of the relay connected in series with the fourth transistor Q4 is powered, and the blades of the first contact switch K1 and the second contact switch K2 of the relay are attracted at the same time, so that the positive and negative equalization channels of the battery cell E corresponding to the relay are both turned on, and the battery cell E is balanced for charging / discharging. For example, the relay 310 can adopt a signal relay. For example, the model of the relay 310 is HFD3 / 12, the insulation resistance between the coil and the main contact (including two contact switches) of the relay 310 is 1000MΩ (500VDC), and the medium withstand voltage reaches 2kVAC, so that the remaining isolation devices can be omitted, and the structure of the control board is simplified.

[0058] Figure 4 is a connection relationship schematic diagram of a battery module, a relay module and a voltage balancing module provided by the embodiment of the utility model. Referring to Figure 4 On the basis of each of the above embodiments, optionally, the positive power end N14 of the step-down control unit 410 and the positive power end N24 of the step-up control unit 420 are both connected to the positive pole of the direct current power supply VS, and the negative power end N15 of the step-down control unit 410 and the negative power end N25 of the step-up control unit 420 are both connected to the negative pole of the direct current power supply VS; that is, the direct current power supply VS serves as the power supply source of the step-down control unit 410 and the step-up control unit 420.

[0059] Specifically, the voltage reduction control unit 410 comprises a BUCK circuit 411 and a first switch unit 412. The positive connection end of the BUCK circuit 411 is connected to the first end N11 of the voltage reduction control unit 410, the negative connection end of the BUCK circuit 411 is connected to the second end N12 of the voltage reduction control unit 410, the positive power supply end of the BUCK circuit 411 is connected to the positive power supply end N14 of the voltage reduction control unit 410, and the negative power supply end of the BUCK circuit 411 is connected to the negative power supply end N15 of the voltage reduction control unit 410. The first switch unit 412 can be connected between the negative power supply end of the BUCK circuit 411 and the negative power supply end N15 of the voltage reduction control unit 410 (as shown in FIG. 4), or the first switch unit 412 can be connected between the positive power supply end of the BUCK circuit 411 and the positive power supply end N14 of the voltage reduction control unit 410. The control end of the first switch unit 412 is connected to the control end N13 of the voltage reduction control unit 410, and further connected to the control module 10. The control module 10 can control whether the BUCK circuit 411 is powered on by controlling the on-off of the first switch unit 412, thereby controlling whether the voltage reduction control unit 410 works. Figure 4

[0060] Exemplarily, the first switch unit 412 can comprise a first transistor Q1, which is connected between the negative power supply end of the BUCK circuit 411 and the negative power supply end N15 of the voltage reduction control unit 410, or connected between the positive power supply end of the BUCK circuit 411 and the positive power supply end N14 of the voltage reduction control unit 410; the control electrode of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the control end N13 of the voltage reduction control unit 410. The first transistor Q1 can be a MOS tube. Exemplarily, the BUCK circuit 411 can be built by using a transformer, a MOS tube, a diode and the like.

[0061] Further, the voltage reduction control unit 410 can further comprise a first drive control chip 413, which is connected between the control module 10 and the control end of the first switch unit 412, i.e. connected between the control end N13 of the voltage reduction control unit 410 and the control end of the first switch unit 412. By arranging the first drive control chip 413, the driving capability of the related port of the control module 10 can be improved. Especially when the output signal of the control module 10 is insufficient to drive the first transistor Q1 to be turned on, the voltage sufficient to drive the first transistor Q1 to be turned on can be outputted by the conversion of the first drive control chip 413. In this way, the selection range of the first transistor Q1 can be effectively improved, or the requirement for the driving capability of the control module 10 can be reduced. Exemplarily, the first drive control chip 413 can be connected to a 12V direct current voltage. The first drive control chip 413 can be a DCDC control IC, and the specific model can be SG2525AP ST.​

[0062] Correspondingly, the boost control unit comprises a BOOST circuit 421 and a second switch unit 422; a positive connection end of the BOOST circuit 421 is connected to the first end N21 of the boost control unit 420, a negative connection end of the BOOST circuit 421 is connected to the second end N22 of the boost control unit 420, a positive power supply end of the BOOST circuit 421 is connected to the positive power supply end N24 of the boost control unit 420, and a negative power supply end of the BOOST circuit 421 is connected to the negative power supply end N25 of the boost control unit 420. The second switch unit 422 is connected between the positive connection end of the BOOST circuit 421 and the first end N21 of the boost control unit 420, or connected between the negative connection end of the BOOST circuit 421 and the second end N22 of the boost control unit 420; the control end of the second switch unit 422 is connected to the control end N23 of the boost control unit 420, and further connected to the control module 10. The control module 10 can control whether the BOOST circuit 421 is powered on by controlling the on-off of the second switch unit 422, thereby controlling whether the boost control unit 420 works.

[0063] Exemplarily, the second switch unit 422 can comprise a second transistor Q2, which is connected between the positive connection end of the BOOST circuit 421 and the first end N21 of the boost control unit 420, or connected between the negative connection end of the BOOST circuit 421 and the second end N22 of the boost control unit 420; the control electrode of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the control end N23 of the boost control unit 420. The second transistor Q2 can be a MOS tube. Exemplarily, the BOOST circuit 421 can be built by using devices such as transformers, MOS tubes and diodes.

[0064] Further, the boost control unit 420 can further comprise a second drive control chip 423, which is connected between the control module 10 and the control end of the second switch unit 422, i.e. connected between the control end N23 of the boost control unit 420 and the control end of the second switch unit 422. By setting the second drive control chip 423, the driving capability of the related port of the control module 10 can be improved, especially when the output signal of the control module 10 is not enough to drive the second transistor Q2 to be turned on, the voltage sufficient to drive the second transistor Q2 to be turned on can be output by the conversion of the second drive control chip 423. In this way, the selection range of the second transistor Q2 can be effectively improved, or the requirement for the driving capability of the control module 10 can be reduced. Exemplarily, the second drive control chip 423 can be connected to a 12V direct current voltage. The second drive control chip 423 can be a DCDC control IC, and the specific model can be 38458MZ205 ST.

[0065] With reference to the above embodiments, the voltage equalization module 40 further comprises a third switch unit 430. Figure 4 On the basis of the above embodiments, the voltage equalization module 40 further comprises a third switch unit 430. The control end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the control module 10. The first end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the positive pole of the direct current power supply VS, and the second end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the positive power supply end N24 of the boost control unit 420 and the positive power supply end N14 of the buck control unit 410. Alternatively, the first end of the third switch unit 430 can be connected to the negative pole of the direct current power supply VS, and the second end of the third switch unit 430 can be connected to the negative power supply end N25 of the boost control unit 420 and the negative power supply end N15 of the buck control unit 410. The control module 10 can control whether the entire voltage equalization module 40 is powered on or not by controlling the on-off of the third switch unit 430. When the third switch unit 430 is disconnected, neither the boost control unit 420 nor the buck control unit 410 works. That is, the third switch unit 430 provides a general control function for the voltage equalization module 40. The third switch unit 430 can comprise a third transistor Q3, for example, a MOS transistor.

[0066] With reference to the above embodiments, the voltage equalization module 40 further comprises a third switch unit 430. The control end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the control module 10. The first end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the positive pole of the direct current power supply VS, and the second end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the positive power supply end N24 of the boost control unit 420 and the positive power supply end N14 of the buck control unit 410. Alternatively, the first end of the third switch unit 430 can be connected to the negative pole of the direct current power supply VS, and the second end of the third switch unit 430 can be connected to the negative power supply end N25 of the boost control unit 420 and the negative power supply end N15 of the buck control unit 410. The control module 10 can control whether the entire voltage equalization module 40 is powered on or not by controlling the on-off of the third switch unit 430. When the third switch unit 430 is disconnected, neither the boost control unit 420 nor the buck control unit 410 works. That is, the third switch unit 430 provides a general control function for the voltage equalization module 40. The third switch unit 430 can comprise a third transistor Q3, for example, a MOS transistor. Figure 2 With reference to the above embodiments, the voltage equalization module 40 further comprises a third switch unit 430. The control end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the control module 10. The first end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the positive pole of the direct current power supply VS, and the second end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the positive power supply end N24 of the boost control unit 420 and the positive power supply end N14 of the buck control unit 410. Alternatively, the first end of the third switch unit 430 can be connected to the negative pole of the direct current power supply VS, and the second end of the third switch unit 430 can be connected to the negative power supply end N25 of the boost control unit 420 and the negative power supply end N15 of the buck control unit 410. The control module 10 can control whether the entire voltage equalization module 40 is powered on or not by controlling the on-off of the third switch unit 430. When the third switch unit 430 is disconnected, neither the boost control unit 420 nor the buck control unit 410 works. That is, the third switch unit 430 provides a general control function for the voltage equalization module 40. The third switch unit 430 can comprise a third transistor Q3, for example, a MOS transistor.

[0067] Figure 2 With reference to the above embodiments, the voltage equalization module 40 further comprises a third switch unit 430. The control end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the control module 10. The first end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the positive pole of the direct current power supply VS, and the second end of the third switch unit 430 is connected to the positive power supply end N24 of the boost control unit 420 and the positive power supply end N14 of the buck control unit 410. Alternatively, the first end of the third switch unit 430 can be connected to the negative pole of the direct current power supply VS, and the second end of the third switch unit 430 can be connected to the negative power supply end N25 of the boost control unit 420 and the negative power supply end N15 of the buck control unit 410. The control module 10 can control whether the entire voltage equalization module 40 is powered on or not by controlling the on-off of the third switch unit 430. When the third switch unit 430 is disconnected, neither the boost control unit 420 nor the buck control unit 410 works. That is, the third switch unit 430 provides a general control function for the voltage equalization module 40. The third switch unit 430 can comprise a third transistor Q3, for example, a MOS transistor.

[0068] The temperature acquisition component 810 comprises a plurality of temperature acquisition elements, which can be NTC thermistors.

[0069] ​The gating switch assembly 820 includes at least one gating switch chip; the gating switch chip includes a signal output end and a plurality of selection ends; at least part of the temperature collection elements are respectively connected to different selection ends, and each signal output end is connected to the control module. Exemplarily, the signal output end / temperature collection element of the gating switch chip can be connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit in the control module 10.

[0070] Specifically, in the case where all temperature collection elements need to be respectively connected to different selection ends, the number of gating switch chips can be determined according to the number of temperature collection elements, so that the number of all selection ends of all gating switch chips is greater than or equal to the number of temperature collection elements to ensure that the temperature signals collected by each temperature collection element can be transmitted through different selection ends.

[0071] In the case where part of the temperature collection elements are respectively connected to different selection ends, the other temperature collection elements can be directly connected to the control module 10. Exemplarily, still taking that the battery module 100 includes 26 battery cells E as an example, the temperature collection assembly 810 includes 28 temperature collection elements; when one gating switch chip is provided with 8 selection ends, 3 pieces of gating switch chips can be set to connect 24 temperature collection elements, and the remaining 4 temperature collection elements can be directly connected to the control module 10.

[0072] It should be noted that, Figure 2 In order to clearly show, the thick solid line with an arrow represents the battery cell E voltage collection related path, the thick dashed line with an arrow represents the charging equalization related path, and the thin dashed line with an arrow represents the discharging equalization related path. Figure 2 In the control module 10, the relay coil part 301 can be considered to include the coils of the relays, and the relay contact part 302 can be considered to include the first contact switch and the second contact switch of each relay. Exemplarily, the real-time monitoring of the voltage of each single battery cell can be realized through the analog front-end chip AFE, and the voltage related data of each battery cell is transmitted to the corresponding analog front-end chip AFE through the connector assembly 210. The temperature of the single battery cell can be monitored in real time through the temperature collection module 80, and the temperature collection assembly 810 can transmit the temperature related data to the control module 10 through the connector assembly 210. The voltage equalization module 40 has a bidirectional active equalization function, and each contact switch of each relay can also be connected to the corresponding battery cell through the connector assembly 210.

[0073] Continuing to refer to Figure 2On the basis of the above embodiments, the active balancing control board further comprises at least one dry contact 920, and each dry contact 920 is connected to the control module 10. For example, each dry contact 920 can comprise an input dry contact (DI) for receiving a feedback signal from a connected component, an output dry contact (DO) for outputting a switch control signal to the connected component, and a PWM output dry contact for outputting a PWM control signal to the connected component. Through the dry contacts 920, the control of the cooling fan, the on-site alarm, or the remote control can be realized, and the specific use is not limited here.

[0074] With reference to the above embodiments, Figure 2 On the basis of the above embodiments, the active balancing control board further comprises an input-output addressing interface 930, and the input-output addressing interface 930 is connected to the control module 10. When the active balancing control board is connected to a plurality of slave boards, the control module 10 can set the addresses of the slave boards through the input-output addressing interface 930.

[0075] With reference to the above embodiments, Figure 2 On the basis of the above embodiments, the active balancing control board further comprises a memory 910, and the memory 910 is connected to the control module 10 and used for storing configuration information and running logs of the active balancing control board. The control module 10 can read, write, and reset the memory 910. The memory 910 can be an EEPROM or a FALSH.

[0076] With reference to the above embodiments, Figure 2 On the basis of the above embodiments, the active balancing control board further comprises a power conversion module 70. The power conversion module 70 is connected to a direct current power supply VS and the control module 10, and is used for converting a power signal provided by the direct current power supply VS and supplying power to the control module 10. Further, the power conversion module 70 can be used as a power supply component on the active balancing control board, and converts the power signal provided by the direct current power supply VS to supply power to all components on the active balancing control board that need to be powered.

[0077] For example, the power signal provided by the direct current power supply VS can be a 24V direct current voltage signal. The power conversion module 70 can comprise a power conversion unit 710 and a voltage conversion chip 730. The power conversion unit 710 is used to convert the power signal into different voltage values through different BUCK conversion; and the voltage conversion chip 730 is used to further convert a voltage output by the power conversion unit 710 to meet the power supply requirements of the components.

[0078] For example, the power conversion unit 710 can convert 24V into 12V, 5V and 8V outputs respectively; 12V can be supplied to the coil of each relay (for example, provided to the first power terminal), the first drive control chip and the second drive control chip; 5V can be supplied to the control module 10. The voltage conversion chip 730 can convert 8V into 5V output and provide to the CAN isolation chip 610.

[0079] Further, the power conversion module 70 can further include an isolation power chip 720 connected between the power conversion unit 710 and the voltage balancing module 40, which can specifically provide 12V voltage to the first drive control chip and the second drive control chip after isolation, so as to realize the isolation of the power supply part and the battery module 100 part, and improve the safety of the active balancing control board.

[0080] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, optionally, the transformer can be customized according to the voltage level of the battery cell and the voltage level of the direct current power supply to constitute the BUCK circuit and the BOOST circuit, so that the electrical spacing of the transformer is controllable, and the insulation withstand voltage requirement is better met. Illustratively, each functional module in the active balancing control board can be built by discrete devices, so that the packaging of the whole board is controllable, and the device type can be flexibly selected under the condition of meeting the performance requirement, for example, the device selection is performed on the premise of reducing the layout area as much as possible. Moreover, the modular design is adopted, which facilitates the installation, use and maintenance of the control board; and through the setting of the communication isolation chip and the isolation power chip, the mutual isolation between the modules can be realized, and the circuit safety and reliability are improved.

[0081] In summary, the embodiments of the utility model provide the active balancing control board based on the relay type, and provide the voltage balancing module supporting the bidirectional balancing function, compared with the passive balancing, the embodiments of the utility model can provide the active balancing control, and the energy of the battery cell with higher state of charge in the battery module is transferred to the battery cell with lower state of charge, which can reduce the energy loss and improve the available capacity and available energy of the battery module.

[0082] The embodiments of the utility model further provide a battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS), which comprises the active balancing control board provided by any embodiment of the utility model, and has corresponding beneficial effects. The structure and working principle of the active balancing control board can be referred to the description in the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0083] It can be understood that the utility model embodiment mainly provides the control panel and function module related to active equalization in battery management system, and other control modules can also be provided in the battery management system, and the other control modules can also be at least partially integrated on the active equalization control panel, or reuse at least part of the function modules in the active equalization control panel, or be separately arranged with the active equalization control panel, and exemplarily, the control module can also calculate the SOC and SOH of each single battery cell in real time.

[0084] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An active equalization control board, characterized in that, include: Control module; The voltage acquisition module is connected to the control module and each cell in the battery module, respectively. The relay module includes multiple relays corresponding one-to-one with each cell in the battery module; each relay includes a coil, a first contact switch, and a second contact switch; in any one of the relays, the coil is connected to the control module, the first end of the first contact switch is connected to the positive terminal of the cell corresponding to the relay, and the first end of the second contact switch is connected to the negative terminal of the cell corresponding to the relay. The voltage balancing module includes a buck control unit and a boost control unit; the second terminal of the first contact switch of each relay is connected to the first terminal of the buck control unit and the first terminal of the boost control unit, the second terminal of the second contact switch of each relay is connected to the second terminal of the buck control unit and the second terminal of the boost control unit, and the control terminal of the buck control unit and the control terminal of the boost control unit are both connected to the control module.

2. The active equalization control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage acquisition module includes: at least one analog front-end chip; each analog front-end chip is connected to the control module, and each analog front-end chip is correspondingly connected to each of the battery cells; In this configuration, one analog front-end chip is connected to at least one battery cell; when the voltage acquisition module includes multiple analog front-end chips, different analog front-end chips are connected to different battery cells.

3. The active equalization control board according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage acquisition module also includes: At least one connector is provided corresponding to each of the analog front-end chips; the analog front-end chips are connected to the battery cells through the corresponding connectors. IIC isolation chip; each of the analog front-end chips is connected to the control module through the IIC isolation chip.

4. The active equalization control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active balancing control board also includes a first power supply terminal, and the relay module also includes: multiple on / off control units that are configured one-to-one with each of the relays; The on / off control unit and the coil of the corresponding relay are connected in series between the first power supply terminal and ground, and the control terminal of the on / off control unit is connected to the control module.

5. The active equalization control board according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: At least one decoder; the decoder includes at least one address terminal and multiple drive output terminals, and the number of all drive output terminals of all the decoders is greater than or equal to the number of on / off control units; Each of the address terminals is connected to the control module, and the control terminals of different on / off control units are respectively connected to different drive output terminals.

6. The active equalization control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive power supply terminal of the buck control unit and the positive power supply terminal of the boost control unit are both connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the negative power supply terminal of the buck control unit and the negative power supply terminal of the boost control unit are both connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply. The step-down control unit includes a BUCK circuit and a first switching unit; the positive terminal of the BUCK circuit is connected to a first terminal of the step-down control unit, the negative terminal of the BUCK circuit is connected to a second terminal of the step-down control unit, the positive power supply terminal of the BUCK circuit is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the step-down control unit, and the negative power supply terminal of the BUCK circuit is connected to the negative power supply terminal of the step-down control unit; wherein, the first switching unit is connected between the negative power supply terminal of the BUCK circuit and the negative power supply terminal of the step-down control unit, or between the positive power supply terminal of the BUCK circuit and the positive power supply terminal of the step-down control unit; the control terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the control module. The boost control unit includes: a BOOST circuit and a second switching unit; the positive terminal of the BOOST circuit is connected to the first terminal of the boost control unit, the negative terminal of the BOOST circuit is connected to the second terminal of the boost control unit, the positive power supply terminal of the BOOST circuit is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the boost control unit, and the negative power supply terminal of the BOOST circuit is connected to the negative power supply terminal of the boost control unit; wherein, the second switching unit is connected between the positive terminal of the BOOST circuit and the first terminal of the boost control unit, or between the negative terminal of the BOOST circuit and the second terminal of the boost control unit; the control terminal of the second switching unit is connected to the control module.

7. The active equalization control board according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step-down control unit further includes: a first drive control chip, connected between the control module and the control terminal of the first switching unit; And / or, the boost control unit further includes: a second drive control chip, connected between the control module and the control terminal of the second switching unit; And / or, the voltage equalization module further includes: a third switching unit; the control terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the control module; the first terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the second terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the boost control unit and the positive power supply terminal of the buck control unit; or, the first terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply, and the second terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the negative power supply terminal of the boost control unit and the negative power supply terminal of the buck control unit.

8. The active equalization control board according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Also includes: The communication module includes a CAN isolation chip and a CAN interface; the CAN isolation chip is connected between the control module and the CAN interface. And / or, a power conversion module, which is connected to the DC power supply and the control module respectively; And / or, a temperature acquisition module includes multiple temperature acquisition elements and at least one gating switch chip; each of the temperature acquisition elements is used to acquire the temperature of each cell in the battery module, the temperature of the positive electrode of the battery module, and the temperature of the negative electrode of the battery module; the gating switch chip includes a signal output terminal and multiple selection terminals; at least some of the temperature acquisition elements are connected to different selection terminals, and each of the signal output terminals is connected to the control module; when some of the temperature acquisition elements are connected to different selection terminals, the other temperature acquisition elements are directly connected to the control module.

9. The active equalization control board according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Also includes: At least one dry contact; each of the dry contacts is connected to the control module; And / or, an input / output addressing interface, connected to the control module; And / or, a memory connected to the control module.

10. A battery management system, characterized in that, include: The active equalization control board according to any one of claims 1-9.

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