Film soil crushing and separating device

Abstract

A film soil smashing and separating device comprises a mounting frame, a smashing device, a vibrating screen assembly, a conveying belt, an electrostatic adsorption assembly and a power assembly, the smashing device and the vibrating screen assembly are arranged on the two sides of the mounting frame respectively, the conveying belt is arranged on the mounting frame, and the feeding end of the conveying belt is located at the discharging end of the smashing device; the discharging end of the conveying belt is located at the feeding end of the vibrating screen assembly, the electrostatic adsorption assemblies are arranged on the mounting frame and located on the two sides of the conveying belt, and the smashing device and the conveying belt are in power connection with a power assembly arranged on the side face of the mounting frame. During work, primary residual film separation is achieved through the arrangement of the electrostatic adsorption assembly, some residual films stained with soil cannot be adsorbed, the residual films move into the vibrating screen assembly along with the conveying belt, and secondary separation is achieved on a residual film mixture separated through the electrostatic adsorption assembly; relative movement exists between the screen and the membrane-soil mixture, so that membrane-soil separation is more thorough during screening.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to agricultural machinery field, concretely is a film soil crushing and separating device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The mulching film covering planting technology appeared in the last century, which brought huge economic benefits, and the technology was popularized in various countries in the world. However, the soil pollution and soil compaction caused by the mulching film covering planting technology have increasingly intensified the problem of reduced agricultural production, which has become a problem that cannot be ignored. Therefore, the residual film recycling technology has been developed. Foreign countries use thickened mulching films, and most of the mulching film recycling is mainly based on rolling. Alternatively, degradable residual films are widely used. Therefore, most of the foreign residual film recycling problems have been solved. At present, the existing film soil separation mechanism in China has defects: the film soil separation is not complete, the recycled residual film contains a lot of impurities, and small pieces of broken residual film are easy to miss; the residual film is easily wound into the soil parts, the picking parts, and the film unloading parts; the residual film in the soil block cannot be recycled, and the residual film mixed in the field compaction soil block is ignored, which causes the residual film to continue to remain in the soil, resulting in continuous pollution of the soil resources by the residual film.

[0003] Publication No. CN210010010U discloses a film soil suspension separation mechanism, which comprises a rack, a synchronous telescopic adjusting mechanism, a crushing concave plate, a roller box, a screen hole conveying belt, a film collecting box, a wind guide device, a soil collecting box I, a fan, a fan power transmission mechanism, a motor I, a soil collecting box II, a soil collecting plate, a conveying belt power mechanism, a motor II, a guide roller, a grooved rod type roller, and a roller power transmission mechanism.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art realizes the preliminary separation of the soil block and the residual film through the screen hole conveying belt. However, the film soil mixture moves with the screen hole conveying belt under the action of friction, and there is no relative movement between the two, so it is difficult to complete the preliminary screening. The film soil mixture is separated again by wind force. However, most of the residual film in the film soil mixture is covered with mud, so that the weight of the residual film also includes the weight of the mud. If the wind speed is too high, the mud will be blown up together. If the wind speed is too low, it is difficult to blow up the residual film, so it is difficult to control the size of the wind speed, which causes incomplete separation of the film soil. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0005] The utility model aims at providing a film soil crushing and separating device to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] A film soil crushing and separating device, comprising a mounting frame, a crushing device, a vibrating screen assembly, a conveying belt, an electrostatic adsorption assembly, and a power assembly, wherein:

[0008] The installation frame is provided with a crushing device and a vibrating screen assembly on two sides respectively, the conveying belt is arranged on the installation frame, the feeding end of the conveying belt is located at the discharging end of the crushing device, and the discharging end of the conveying belt is located at the feeding end of the vibrating screen assembly, the electrostatic adsorption assembly is arranged on the installation frame and located at two sides of the conveying belt, and the crushing device and the conveying belt are connected with the power assembly arranged on the side of the installation frame.

[0009] Preferably, the vibrating screen assembly comprises a screening bin, a connecting sleeve, a fixed base, a spring, a cam, a motor, a connecting rod, a push rod and a screen mesh, three connecting sleeves are arranged at the bottom of the screening bin, the connecting sleeves arranged at two sides of the screening bin are movably arranged on the fixed base and connected with the fixed base through the spring, the fixed base is arranged on the installation frame, the cam is rotatably arranged on the fixed base and connected with the motor, the non-rotation center of the cam is connected with the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the push rod, the push rod is movably arranged in the connecting sleeve arranged at the middle of the bottom of the screening bin, and the screening bin is provided with two screen meshes with different heights, the screen mesh hole diameter of the upper screen mesh is greater than that of the lower screen mesh.

[0010] Preferably, the electrostatic adsorption assembly comprises an adsorption plate, a high-voltage electrode, a collecting box, a brush plate, a linear drive module and a high-voltage power supply, the adsorption plate and the high-voltage electrode are arranged on the installation frame and located at two sides of the conveying belt, the collecting box is arranged below the adsorption plate, the linear drive module is arranged on the side of the adsorption plate, the moving end of the linear drive module is provided with the brush plate matched with the adsorption plate, and the high-voltage power supply is arranged on the installation frame and connected with the high-voltage electrode.

[0011] Preferably, the crushing device comprises a shell and a crushing rod, the crushing rod is rotatably arranged in the shell arranged on the installation frame and connected with the power assembly, a discharging port is arranged below the shell, and crushing teeth are uniformly arranged in the shell.

[0012] Preferably, the power assembly comprises a pulley, a belt and a power motor, three pulleys are connected through the belt, one of the two pulleys arranged at two ends is fixedly sleeved on the power output end of the power motor, the other is fixedly sleeved on the crushing rod, and the other pulley is fixedly sleeved on the rotating roller of the conveying belt.

[0013] Preferably, the four feet of the installation frame are provided with lifting support feet.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The utility model discloses a kind of film soil crushing separation devices, and the primary residual film separation is realized by setting static adsorption component when working, residual film in film soil mixture is electrified by high voltage electrode, and then is adsorbed to adsorption plate, and then residual film on adsorption plate is brushed into collection box by brush plate and linear drive module, and some residual film is muddy and cannot be adsorbed, then it is moved to vibrating screen component along with conveyer belt, residual film mixture separated by static adsorption component is realized secondary separation, since setting again static adsorption component, mud is not also adsorbed when preliminary separation, so that preliminary separation is more thorough, and since secondary separation is provided with vibrating screen component, relative motion exists between screen and film soil mixture when vibrating screen component is used again, so that film soil separation is more thorough when screening. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is three-dimensional schematic view of the whole structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is three-dimensional schematic view of vibrating screen component in the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is sectional view of vibrating screen component in the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is side sectional view of vibrating screen component in the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 It is front view of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 It is three-dimensional schematic view of shell in the utility model.

[0022] In the drawing: 1 mounting frame, 2 crushing device, 3 vibrating screen component, 4 conveyer belt, 5 static adsorption component, 6 power component, 21 shell, 22 crushing stick, 31 screening bin, 32 connecting sleeve, 33 fixed base, 34 spring, 35 cam, 36 motor, 37 connecting rod, 38 push rod, 39 screen, 51 adsorption plate, 52 high voltage electrode, 53 collection box, 54 brush plate, 55 linear drive module, 56 high voltage power supply, 61 pulley, 62 belt, 63 power motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the utility model.

[0024] Embodiments:

[0025] Referring to Figures 1 to 6 The utility model provides a technical scheme:

[0026] A film soil crushing and separating device, including mounting bracket 1, crushing device 2, vibration screen assembly 3, conveying belt 4, electrostatic adsorption component 5 and power component 6, wherein:

[0027] The crushing device 2 is used to crush the soil in the residual film mixture, the conveying belt 4 is arranged on the mounting bracket 1, and the feeding end of the conveying belt 4 is located at the discharging end of the crushing device 2, and the discharging end of the conveying belt 4 is located at the feeding end of the vibration screen assembly 3, the electrostatic adsorption component 5 is arranged on the mounting bracket 1 and located at both sides of the conveying belt 4, and the crushing device 2 and the conveying belt 4 are power-connected with the power component 6 arranged on the side of the mounting bracket 1.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the vibration screen assembly 3 includes screening bin 31, connecting sleeve 32, fixed base 33, spring 34, cam 35, motor 36, connecting rod 37, push rod 38 and screen 39, the bottom of the screening bin 31 is provided with three connecting sleeves 32, the connecting sleeves 32 located at both sides of the screening bin 31 are movably arranged on the fixed base 33, and the connecting sleeves 32 are connected with the fixed base 33 through the spring 34, the fixed base 33 is arranged on the mounting bracket 1, the cam 35 is rotatably arranged on the fixed base 33 and power-connected with the motor 36, the non-rotation center of the cam 35 is hinged with the connecting rod 37, the other end of the connecting rod 37 is hinged with the push rod 38, the motor 36 drives the cam 35 to rotate, and then the cam 35 and the connecting rod 37 drive the push rod 38 to move up and down, the push rod 38 pushes the screening bin 31 to move upwards, the push rod 38 is movably arranged in the connecting sleeve 32 at the middle of the bottom of the screening bin 31, when the push rod 38 moves upwards, it will contact the bottom of the screening bin 31 and then push the screening bin 31 to move upwards, and when the push rod 38 moves downwards, the screening bin 31 will move downwards under the action of the restoring force of the spring 34 and its own gravity, thus realizing the effect of reciprocating screening, the screening bin 31 is provided with two screens 39 of different heights, and the screen hole diameter of the upper screen 39 is greater than that of the lower screen 39.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, the electrostatic adsorption assembly 5 comprises an adsorption plate 51, a high-voltage electrode 52, a collection box 53, a brush plate 54, a linear drive module 55, and a high-voltage power supply 56. The adsorption plate 51 and the high-voltage electrode 52 are arranged on the mounting frame 1 and located on both sides of the conveying belt 4. The collection box 53 is arranged below the adsorption plate 51, and the linear drive module 55 is arranged on the side of the adsorption plate 51. The moving end of the linear drive module 55 is provided with the brush plate 54 matched with the adsorption plate 51. The high-voltage power supply 56 is arranged on the mounting frame 1 and electrically connected with the high-voltage electrode 52. When the residual film mixture passes through the electrostatic adsorption assembly 5, the high-voltage electrode 52 applies high voltage through the high-voltage power supply 56 to form a strong electric field between the adsorption plate 51 and the high-voltage electrode 52, so that the residual film is charged, and then the charged residual film is adsorbed onto the adsorption plate 51. The linear drive module 55 drives the brush plate 54 to scrape the residual film attached to the adsorption plate 51 into the collection box 53.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, a residual film pickup and recovery device based on electrostatic adsorption is disclosed in CN202311471042.9. In this device, there are positive and negative copper rings on both side end plate assemblies. The inside of the end plate flange is connected to the motor through a conductive column to supply power to the electrostatic adsorber. The voltage can be adjusted by an external power source according to the actual situation. The structure of the machine frame on both sides of the film starting roller is the same as that of the end plate assembly. A touch switch can be installed on one side, and the other side is reserved for backup to increase the service life of the equipment. The above-mentioned prior art also uses an electrostatic adsorption device to adsorb residual film. Therefore, using electrostatic adsorption to adsorb residual film is a common technical means for those skilled in the art, and the working principle and technical scheme of the electrostatic adsorption assembly 5 will not be described in detail here.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the linear drive module 55 is a linear drive pair of a linear motor and a linear guide rail. The linear drive module 55 is not limited to the driving mode of the linear motor, but can also be a linear drive assembly such as a lead screw transmission or an air cylinder.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, the crushing device 2 comprises a shell 21 and a crushing rod 22. The crushing rod 22 is rotatably installed inside the shell 21 arranged on the mounting frame 1 and is power-connected with the power assembly 6. The shell 21 is provided with an outlet at the bottom and is uniformly provided with crushing teeth inside. The soil in the residual film mixture can be crushed by the crushing teeth arranged on the crushing rod 22.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, the power assembly 6 comprises pulleys 61, a belt 62, and a power motor 63. The three pulleys 61 are connected by the belt 62, and one of the two pulleys 61 at both ends is fixedly sleeved on the power output end of the power motor 63, and the other is fixedly sleeved on the crushing rod 22. The other pulley 61 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating roller of the conveying belt 4 to crush the soil in the residual film mixture.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, the four feet of the mounting frame 1 are provided with lifting support feet 11. By providing the lifting support feet 11, the angle of the conveying belt 4 can be changed, facilitating the delivery of the residual film mixture.

[0035] The working principle of the utility model is: when the device is used, first start the power motor 63, and the power motor 63 is power-connected with the pulley 61, under the action of the pulley 61 and the belt 62, the crushing stick 22 and the rotating roller are synchronously driven, the rotating roller drives the conveying belt 4 to move, after the device is started, the residual film mixture is put into the inside of the crushing device 2, the residual film mixture is crushed under the action of the crushing stick 22, the crushed residual film mixture falls from the lower part of the shell 21 to the conveying belt 4, the residual film mixture on the conveying belt 4 moves along with the conveying belt 4 to the vibrating screen assembly 3, when the residual film mixture passes through the electrostatic adsorption assembly 5, the high-voltage electrode 52 applies high voltage through the high-voltage power supply 56, a strong electric field is formed between the adsorption plate 51 and the high-voltage electrode 52, the residual film is electrified, the electrified residual film is adsorbed on the adsorption plate 51, then the linear drive module 55 drives the brush plate 54 to scrape the residual film attached to the adsorption plate 51 into the collecting box 53, and the film-soil mixture preliminarily separated through the electrostatic adsorption assembly 50 is sent into the screening bin 31 by the conveying belt 4, the motor 36 is started to drive the cam 35 to rotate, the cam 35 and the connecting rod 37 drive the push rod 38 to move up and down, the push rod 38 drives the screening bin 31 to move up, at this time, the spring 34 between the screening bin 31 and the fixed base 33 is stretched, when the push rod 38 moves down, the screening bin 31 moves down under the restoring force of the spring 34, so that the screening bin 31 vibrates up and down to achieve the screening purpose, the two screen meshes 39 with different diameters can make the soil fall to the bottom of the screening bin 31, and the residual film of different sizes is left on the screen mesh 39, so that the residual film is screened twice.

[0036] Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the utility model, the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A film soil crushing and separating device, comprising a mounting frame (1), a crushing device (2), a vibrating screen assembly (3), a conveyor belt (4), an electrostatic adsorption assembly (5) and a power assembly (6), characterized in that: the mounting frame (1) is provided with the crushing device (2) and the vibrating screen assembly (3) on both sides respectively, the conveyor belt (4) is arranged on the mounting frame (1) and the feeding end of the conveyor belt (4) is located at the discharging end of the crushing device (2), and the discharging end of the conveyor belt (4) is located at the feeding end of the vibrating screen assembly (3), the electrostatic adsorption assembly (5) is arranged on the mounting frame (1) and located on both sides of the conveyor belt (4), and the crushing device (2) and the conveyor belt (4) are power-connected with the power assembly (6) arranged on the side of the mounting frame (1). The electrostatic adsorption assembly (5) comprises an adsorption plate (51), a high-voltage electrode (52), a collection box (53), a brush plate (54), a linear drive module (55) and a high-voltage power supply (56), the adsorption plate (51) and the high-voltage electrode (52) are arranged on the mounting frame (1) and located on both sides of the conveyor belt (4), the collection box (53) is arranged below the adsorption plate (51) and the linear drive module (55) is arranged on the side of the adsorption plate (51), the moving end of the linear drive module (55) is provided with the brush plate (54) matched with the adsorption plate (51), and the high-voltage power supply (56) is arranged on the mounting frame (1) and electrically connected with the high-voltage electrode (52). The vibrating screen assembly (3) comprises a screening bin (31), a connecting sleeve (32), a fixed base (33), a spring (34), a cam (35), a motor (36), a connecting rod (37), a push rod (38) and a screen mesh (39), the screening bin (31) is provided with three connecting sleeves (32) at the bottom, the connecting sleeves (32) located on both sides of the screening bin (31) are movably arranged on the fixed base (33) and connected with the fixed base (33) through the spring (34), the fixed base (33) is arranged on the mounting frame (1), the cam (35) is rotatably arranged on the fixed base (33) and power-connected with the motor (36), the non-rotating center of the cam (35) is hingedly connected with the connecting rod (37), the other end of the connecting rod (37) is hingedly connected with the push rod (38), the push rod (38) is movably arranged in the connecting sleeve (32) at the middle of the bottom of the screening bin (31), and the screening bin (31) is provided with two screen meshes (39) of different heights, the screen mesh hole diameter of the upper screen mesh (39) is greater than that of the lower screen mesh (39).

2. The soil pulverizing and separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The crushing device (2) comprises a shell (21) and a crushing rod (22), the crushing rod (22) is rotatably arranged in the shell (21) arranged on the mounting frame (1) and power-connected with the power assembly (6), and the shell (21) is provided with a discharging port at the bottom and crushing teeth uniformly arranged in the shell (21).

3. A soil separating and pulverizing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: ​ 4. A soil separating and pulverizing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: The power assembly (6) comprises pulleys (61), belts (62) and a power motor (63), the three pulleys (61) are connected through the belts (62), one of the two pulleys (61) at two ends is fixedly sleeved on a power output end of the power motor (63), the other is fixedly sleeved on the crushing stick (22), and the other pulley (61) is fixedly sleeved on a rotating roller of the conveying belt (4).

5. The soil separating and pulverizing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: Four feet of the mounting rack (1) are provided with lifting support feet (11).

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