Biological raw material fertilizer crushing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biological raw material fertilizer crushing device which is applied to the field of biological organic fertilizer manufacturing. The crushing device comprises an upper impact crushing device and a lower extrusion crushing device, a blade wheel of the impact crushing device is of an integrated structure composed of a shaft sleeve and blades, the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, and the blades are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the shaft sleeve. The inner shell is a closed box body with an upper opening and a lower opening, and comprises a small arc plate, a large arc plate, a blanking plate and a flat plate; the flat plates are located at the two ends of the rotating shaft, the large arc plate and the blade wheel form an impact cavity, the small arc plate is located opposite to the large arc plate, and the blanking plate and the flat plates form a blanking bin. And a wear-resisting plate is fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the large arc plate. And the extruding and crushing device comprises two extruding rollers which rotate in opposite directions or a combination of the extruding rollers and an extruding plate. According to the utility model, two-stage crushing which is communicated up and down is formed, the occupied area is reduced, and the crushing efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model is applied to the biological organic fertilizer manufacturing field, relates to the biological raw material fertilizer's smashing, such as the chicken manure, cow dung etc. after airing, and specifically relates to a biological raw material fertilizer's smashing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the progress of organic fertilizer production technology, biological organic fertilizer develops from large pieces to granular, which is beneficial to the uniform absorption of soil, and at the same time, increases nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients and trace elements in organic fertilizer, forming organic fertilizer that can improve soil and provide nutrients. The production steps of such organic fertilizer include fermentation and drying, smashing, batching, stirring, granulation, drying, screening and packaging of biological raw material fertilizer. Smashing is to smash the dried biological raw material fertilizer into small particles to prepare the size for subsequent granulation. Batching is to add nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients and trace elements into the particles of biological raw material fertilizer, stir uniformly, then extrude and granulate after wetting, and after granulation, dry and screen to form organic fertilizer products with uniform particle size. The currently marketed organic fertilizer smashing device cannot meet the small particle size requirement of granulation after smashing.

[0003] There are many patent applications of organic fertilizer smashing device, such as CN206553416U discloses a pig manure organic fertilizer smashing system, a double-shaft smashing device is arranged in the smashing box, and a plurality of rotating cutters are used to smash pig manure; CN108465530B discloses a multifunctional organic fertilizer processing equipment, a rotating cutter is driven by a rotating shaft in a smashing pot to rapidly rotate clockwise to smash raw materials, and the smashing pot rotates slowly clockwise to solve the problem of uneven smashing of raw materials due to the accumulation of raw materials at the bottom of the smashing pot; the two patent technical solutions have the disadvantage of periodic operation and cannot continuously smash. CN212025209U discloses a smashing device for pig manure organic fertilizer processing, which has basically the same smashing principle as the above-mentioned smashing device, three smashing shafts are arranged in the smashing box, and smashing rods on the smashing shafts rotate to smash pig manure. Compared with the above technical solution, one more smashing shaft is added to realize continuous smashing operation. CN212246794U discloses an organic fertilizer production drying and smashing device, two smashing wheels are arranged side by side in a smashing kettle of the smashing device, the smashing wheels are connected through a synchronous belt to synchronously drive the smashing wheels to crush biological manure, and a discharge pipe with an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the bottom of the smashing kettle to discharge the smashed biological manure. The smashing device is also a periodic operation. CN108484227A discloses an organic fertilizer production equipment, the pre-crushing device in the equipment has a structure similar to the above-mentioned patent, a stirring shaft drives a stirring rib or a stirring rod to rotate in the box to crush cow dung, chicken manure or manure of other poultry and livestock. The biggest disadvantage of the above-mentioned smashing devices is that they cannot smash raw materials or fertilizer into small particles as raw materials for biological organic fertilizer granulation. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The utility model solves the technical problem: provide a kind of biological raw material fertilizer crushing device, adopt high-speed impact and extrusion two-stage crushing, the particle after crushing meets the granulation requirement, reduce floor area, improve crushing efficiency, it is applicable to continuous production.

[0005] The utility model discloses the technical scheme is: biological raw material fertilizer crushing device includes the impact crushing device of upper portion and the extrusion crushing device of lower portion, and both are communicated by blanking bin.The impact crushing device includes vane wheel, inner casing, wear plate;The vane wheel is by the integrated structure of shaft sleeve and vane, the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with motor, under the action of motor, drive vane wheel high-speed rotation;The vane is evenly distributed on the shaft sleeve.The inner casing is the hermetic box body of upper and lower openings, and the upper opening is feed inlet, and the lower opening is blanking port, and it includes small arc plate, large arc plate, blanking plate and flat plate;The flat plate is located at the both ends of rotating shaft, the large arc plate and vane wheel form impact chamber, the small arc plate is located at the opposite side of large arc plate, and the blanking bin that blanking plate and flat plate constitute.The inner surface of large arc plate, fixed mounting wear plate, and the wear plate is matched with large arc plate accordingly.

[0006] Further, to increase the service life of the vane, the two side surfaces of the vane are provided with protruding ribs, and the cross section of the protruding ribs is semicircular or semi-elliptical, which helps to disperse the impact. During the dynamic balance experiment, balance pieces are pasted on the back surface of the vane.

[0007] Further, a horizontal protruding rib is arranged on the wear plate, and the protruding rib has basically the same effect as the protruding rib.

[0008] Further, the extrusion crushing device comprises two extrusion rollers rotating towards each other, and a discharge port formed by an inclined discharge plate is arranged below the extrusion rollers, a scraping piece is fixedly arranged outside the discharge plate, and the scraping piece is used for cleaning the biological fertilizer particles adhered to the surface of the extrusion rollers. The scraping piece is fixed by a fixing screw to avoid loosening, and is supported by a clamping screw to adjust the gap between the scraping piece and the extrusion rollers. Alternatively, one extrusion roller is replaced by an extrusion plate, and the extrusion plate is fixedly arranged on the extension section of the blanking plate, and the blanking plate is a blanking plate on the same side of the extrusion plate.

[0009] Further, to strengthen the impact crushing effect, the feed inlet is inclined to the impact chamber.

[0010] Further, to prevent dust pollution during the crushing process, a sealed outer casing is arranged outside the crushing device.

[0011] The utility model has the advantages that the impact crushing device and the extrusion crushing device are connected in one body, two-stage continuous crushing is formed, the floor area is reduced, and the crushing efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the front view of the structure of Example 1;

[0013] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the front view of the structure of Example 1; Figure 1 is a schematic view of the A-A sectional view of the structure of Example 1;

[0014] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the front view of the structure of Example 1; Figure 1 is a schematic view of the front view of the structure of Example 1;

[0015] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the front view of the structure of Example 2;

[0016] Wherein: 1 - feed inlet, 2 - blade wheel, 3 - small arc plate, 4 - rotating shaft, 5 - blanking plate, 6 - blanking bin, 7 - extrusion roller, 8 - rotating shaft, 9 - discharge port, 10 - scraper, 11 - outer shell, 12 - wear plate, 13 - convex rib, 14 - convex rib, 15 - large arc plate, 16 - impact cavity, 17 - flat plate, 18 - fixing screw, 19 - locking screw, 20 - extrusion plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The "rotating shaft" described below is the rotating shaft of the blade wheel, and the "rotating shaft" described below is the rotating shaft of the extrusion roller, only to distinguish the two components. The "convex rib" is located on the blade, and the "convex rib" is located on the wear plate, also for distinction. Example 1

[0018] The structure of the crushing device of the utility model is shown in the accompanying Figure 1 and the accompanying Figure 2 . It comprises an impact crushing device and an extrusion crushing device. The impact crushing device is located at the upper part, and the extrusion crushing device is located at the lower part, and the two are communicated through the blanking bin 6.

[0019] The impact crushing device comprises a rotating shaft 4, a blade wheel 2, an inner shell, a wear plate 12, etc. One end of the rotating shaft 4 is fixedly connected with a motor, and the motor is installed on the outer shell 11. When the motor rotates, the blade wheel can be driven to rotate at high speed through the rotating shaft.

[0020] The blade wheel 2 is composed of a shaft sleeve and a blade in an integral structure, the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 4, and the blade is circumferentially distributed on the shaft sleeve. A plurality of convex ribs 13 are preferably arranged on the two side surfaces of the blade, the cross section of the convex rib 13 is semicircular or semi-elliptical, the convex rib can enhance the strength of the blade, and the semicircular or semi-elliptical shape can increase the disorder of the impact. After the blade wheel is installed on the rotating shaft, dynamic balance experiment is preferably performed, and the dynamic balance thereof is adjusted by pasting balance pieces on the back surface of the blade. The back surface of the blade is a non-impact working surface, i.e. a non-active high-speed impact surface.

[0021] The upper and lower openings of the inner casing are mainly composed of a small arc plate 3, a large arc plate 15, a blanking plate 5 and a flat plate 17. The flat plate 17 is located at both ends of the rotating shaft, and the bearing seat supporting the rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the outer side of the flat plate. The large arc plate 15 forms a smashing raw material fertilizer impact chamber 16 with the blade wheel 2. A wear-resistant plate 12 corresponding to the large arc plate is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the large arc plate 15 to improve the wear-resistant service life of the large arc plate. A convex rib 14 is preferably arranged on the wear-resistant plate 12. The convex rib is a horizontal transverse rib, and its cross section is semicircular or semi-elliptical, which basically has the same effect as the convex rib. The small arc plate 3 is arranged opposite to the large arc plate 15 as shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 The top of the inner casing is provided with a feeding port 1, which is inclined to the impact chamber 16. The lower part of the inner casing is a blanking bin 6 composed of the blanking plate 5 and the flat plate 17. The blanking bin 6 is a feeding bin of the extrusion crushing device, which is arranged at the upper part of the extrusion crushing device and guides the raw material fertilizer after impact crushing to fall into the gap of the extrusion roller.

[0022] The extrusion crushing device includes two extrusion rollers 7 rotating towards each other. The extrusion rollers 7 are fixedly connected with rotating shafts 8, and the two rotating shafts 8 are supported by bearing seats fixedly installed on the outer side of the flat plate. The same end of the two rotating shafts is fixedly installed with gears rotating in cooperation with each other. One of the gears cooperates with a driving device. When the driving device rotates, the gear transmission makes the two extrusion rollers rotate as shown by the arrow. Figure 1 The gap between the two extrusion rollers is the particle size of the crushed particles.

[0023] The lower part of the extrusion roller 7 is a discharge port 9 formed by an inclined discharge plate. A scraper 10 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the discharge plate. The scraper is used to clean the raw material fine particles adhered to the extrusion roller. The installation structure is shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 3 A fixed screw 18 is used to fix the scraper to prevent the scraper from loosening. A clamping screw 19 supports and adjusts the distance between the end of the scraper and the outer surface of the extrusion roller.

[0024] In order to prevent dust pollution during the crushing process, a sealed outer casing 11 is added outside the crushing device, only the upper feeding port and the bottom discharge port are reserved. In order to facilitate maintenance and repair of the crushing device, openings are arranged around the outer casing, which are closed by covers or door plates. The outer casing encloses the rotating working parts inside, which also ensures production safety.

[0025] The utility model uses, and the motor and drive device are started, and the motor drives the vane wheel high -speed rotation, and the drive device drives the extrusion roller rotation. The big dry raw material animal fat enters the impact crushing device from the feeding port, and meets the high -speed rotating vane wheel, and is impacted first, and is impacted second on the wear plate by the high -speed projection of vane wheel, and the raw material is also impacted high -speed in the space of twice high -speed impact, that is, in the impact chamber. In this way, in the impact crushing device, the raw material animal fat is formed once, and the big piece becomes small, and falls into the extrusion crushing device from the drop port. The small raw material animal fat is extruded by the two extrusion rollers, and is crushed into fine particles, and falls into the discharge port from the gap of the two extrusion rollers, and leaks out of the crushing device from the discharge port, and completes the crushing of the raw material animal fat. The particles adhered to the surface of the extrusion roller are scraped off by the scraper, and also leak out of the crushing device from the discharge port. Example 2

[0026] This embodiment is an improved scheme for example 1, only the extrusion crushing device is improved, and the structure is shown in the accompanying Figure 4 drawing, and one extrusion roller is omitted, and is changed into an inclined extrusion plate 20, and the extrusion plate is preferably made of wear-resistant material. Figure 4 The extrusion roller on the right side in the accompanying Figure 1 drawing is changed, the drop plate 5 on the right side is extended downward, and the extrusion plate is fixedly installed on the extended section of the drop plate when cooperating with the extrusion position of the extrusion roller 7 on the left side. For the same reason, the extrusion roller on the left side can also be changed into an extrusion plate 20, and the drop plate 5 on the left side is extended downward, and the extrusion plate is fixedly installed.

[0027] By adjusting the gap between the extrusion roller 7 and the extrusion plate 20, the particle size meeting the conditions is obtained.

[0028] Compared with example 1, the extrusion plate 20 of wear resistance is used to replace a set of extrusion roller mechanism, that is, the number of extrusion rollers, rotating shafts, gears, bearing seats and other components is reduced, so that the equipment investment is reduced, and the maintenance and repair workload of the rotating parts is reduced.

[0029] The utility model connects the impact crushing device and the extrusion crushing device into one body, forms two continuous crushing levels, the impact crushing device on the upper part crushes the raw material fertilizer into small pieces, and the extrusion crushing device on the lower part crushes the small pieces into particles. The utility model not only reduces the floor area of the equipment, but also improves the crushing efficiency, and the particle size of the crushed raw material particles meets the granulation requirements. The utility model discloses the upper part feeding, the bottom discharging, and can continuously crush.

Claims

1. A biological raw material fertilizer grinding device, characterized by: The impact crushing device includes an upper part and a lower part, and the two parts are connected through a material dropping bin (6); The impact crushing device includes a blade wheel, an inner housing, and a wear plate; the blade wheel is composed of a shaft sleeve and blades in an integrated structure, the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, and the blades are circumferentially distributed on the shaft sleeve; The inner housing is a closed box with an upper feeding port and a lower material dropping port, and includes a small arc plate (3), a large arc plate (15), a material dropping plate (5), and a flat plate (17); the flat plate (17) is located at both ends of the rotating shaft, the large arc plate (15) forms an impact cavity (16) with the blade wheel, the small arc plate (3) is located opposite to the large arc plate (15), and the material dropping bin (6) is formed by the material dropping plate (5) and the flat plate (17); An inner surface of the large arc plate (15) is fixedly provided with the wear plate (12), and the wear plate (12) is matched with the large arc plate (15).

2. The biological raw material fertilizer crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two side surfaces of the blade are provided with convex ribs, and the cross section of the convex ribs is semicircular or semi-elliptical.

3. The biological raw material fertilizer crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back surface of the blade is pasted with a balance piece.

4. The biological raw material fertilizer crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear plate (12) is provided with horizontal convex ribs.

5. The biological raw material fertilizer crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact crushing device includes two opposite rotating extrusion rollers (7), and the lower part of the extrusion roller (7) is a discharge port formed by an inclined discharge plate, and the outer side of the discharge plate is fixedly provided with a scraper (10).

6. The biological raw material fertilizer crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scraper (10) is fixed by a fixed screw (18) and is supported by a clamping screw (19).

7. The biological raw material fertilizer crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: One of the extrusion rollers (7) is replaced by an extrusion plate (20), and the extrusion plate (20) is fixedly installed on an extended section of the material dropping plate (5) on the same side of the replaced extrusion roller.

8. The biological raw material fertilizer crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding port is inclined to the impact cavity (16).

9. The biological raw material fertilizer crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer housing is added outside the crushing device.

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