Straw impurity removal device and straw impurity removal system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a straw impurity removing device and a straw impurity removing system, which belong to the field of agricultural machinery, and are characterized in that a fine impurity screening area, a heavy impurity collecting area and a straw outlet are sequentially arranged on a screening box along the material flowing direction, and a material door capable of being opened and closed and a material blocking structure are arranged at a heavy impurity discharging opening of the heavy impurity collecting area in a matched manner; on the basis that the basic screening function of the reciprocating screen box is achieved, in the process that straw flows towards the straw outlet in a one-way mode, multi-stage impurity removal of the straw and effective separation of fine impurities and heavy impurities are achieved, the straw doped in the heavy impurities is effectively sorted through the material suction fan, sorting of the fine impurities, the heavy impurities and the straw can be achieved, and the screening efficiency of the reciprocating screen box is improved. In addition, winnowing of straw in heavy impurities can be completed at the moment that the heavy impurities are discharged; the material suction fan only needs to treat straw in heavy impurities, the power of the material suction fan is 1.5 kilowatts enough, the material suction fan can be matched with a material door to intermittently operate, and compared with a material suction fan in the prior art, the operation power consumption and cost are greatly reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery relates to straw impurity removal technology, especially a kind of straw impurity removal device and straw impurity removal system. BACKGROUND

[0002] After crop harvesting, straw is scattered in the field, and soil impurities will be mixed into the straw package during the collection and packaging process. When these straw packages are processed into forage grass, the soil impurities must be removed. The winnowing machine not only removes fine impurities smaller than the screen hole, but also removes heavy impurities such as soil blocks, stone blocks, ice blocks and iron, making the impurity removal more thorough. Therefore, the winnowing machine is used more and more.

[0003] The structure and principle of the winnowing machine for straw impurity removal are not completely the same as those of the winnowing machine in other industries. The winnowing machine for straw impurity removal often includes a reciprocating screen, a suction fan and a shaker dragon. The crushed straw moves forward on the reciprocating screen. The fine impurities smaller than the screen hole are removed through the screen hole. The heavy impurities larger than the screen hole are closer to the screen mesh of the reciprocating screen. The suction fan is installed at the end of the reciprocating screen. The suction port of the suction fan is the same width as the screen surface and is close to the screen surface. The fan works to suck away the crushed straw covering the heavy impurities. The heavy impurities remain on the screen surface and continue to move forward. Finally, they fall from the end of the reciprocating screen, realizing separation from the crushed straw. The crushed straw sucked away by the fan is recycled through the shaker dragon. The power of the suction fan for processing 10 tons of straw per hour is 37-45 kW, and it needs to work continuously. The winnowing machine for straw impurity removal has the following disadvantages: the heavy impurities contain a lot of straw, which is not easy to sort, causing waste of straw; in addition, the use of high-power suction fan makes the power consumption of straw impurity removal high and the operation cost high. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a novel straw impurity removal device and straw impurity removal system to solve the problems of the existing winnowing machine impurity removal technology, such as the heavy impurities containing a lot of straw, not easy to sort, and high power consumption of the suction fan and high operation cost.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a straw impurity removal device, which comprises a reciprocating screen, a suction fan, a material blocking structure and a support frame, wherein:

[0006] The reciprocating screen comprises a screen box and a screen box drive. The screen box is movably assembled on the support frame. A fine impurity removal zone, a heavy impurity collection zone and a straw outlet are arranged in sequence on the screen box along the material flow direction. The fine impurity removal zone is provided with a screen mesh that can allow fine impurities to pass through. The heavy impurity collection zone is provided with a heavy impurity discharge port. A material door that can be opened and closed is arranged at the heavy impurity discharge port.

[0007] The blocking structure is arranged on the screen box and located between the heavy impurity collection area and the straw outlet. When the gate is closed, the heavy impurities and straws on the screen box can be collected to the heavy impurity collection area. The blocking structure can intercept the heavy impurities at the heavy impurity collection area, and the straws can turn over the blocking structure and be discharged through the straw outlet. When the gate is opened, the accumulated heavy impurities intercepted at the heavy impurity collection area can be discharged through the heavy impurity discharge port.

[0008] The suction fan is used for winnowing the straws discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port.

[0009] In an embodiment, the screen box is suspended on the support frame, and in a static state, the screen box is arranged to be inclined downward from high to low along the material flow direction.

[0010] In an embodiment, the support frame comprises:

[0011] a bottom support;

[0012] a closed box shell arranged on the bottom support, the reciprocating screen and the blocking structure are arranged in the closed box shell, a straw inlet is arranged on the closed box shell, and the bottom of the closed box shell is arranged to be open.

[0013] a hopper one arranged at one end of the bottom of the closed box shell and communicating with the inside of the closed box shell, the hopper one is used for collecting fine impurities screened by the screen mesh; an outlet one is arranged on the hopper one, and a material conveyor one is arranged in the hopper one, the material conveyor one is used for conveying the fine impurities to the outlet one.

[0014] a hopper two arranged at the other end of the bottom of the closed box shell and communicating with the inside of the closed box shell, the hopper two is used for collecting heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port; an outlet two is arranged on the hopper two, and a material conveyor two is arranged in the hopper two, the material conveyor two is used for conveying the heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port to the outlet two.

[0015] In an embodiment, the material conveyor one is a screw conveyor, a conveying auger of the screw conveyor is arranged above the outlet one, and the spiral blades of the conveying auger on both sides of the outlet one are opposite in rotation direction, so as to collect the fine impurities on both sides of the outlet one to the outlet one.

[0016] In an embodiment, the bottom of the hopper two is provided with a U-shaped groove, the outlet two is arranged at one end of the U-shaped groove, and the material conveyor two is a shaftless screw conveyor, the shaftless screw conveyor is installed in parallel in the U-shaped groove.

[0017] In an embodiment, the straw impurity removing device further comprises a winnowing channel, the winnowing channel is circumscribed on the second discharge port, the side wall of the winnowing channel is communicated with the second discharge port, one end of the winnowing channel is arranged downward and open, and the suction fan is communicated with the winnowing channel.

[0018] In an embodiment, the suction fan is arranged on the sieve box and located at the low end of the sieve box, and the suction fan is communicated with the winnowing channel through a connecting pipe.

[0019] In an embodiment, the sieve box comprises a bottom plate and side vertical plates arranged on both sides of the bottom plate in the length direction, and the fine impurity removing area, the heavy impurity collecting area and the straw outlet are arranged on the bottom plate.

[0020] In an embodiment, the material blocking structure is a material blocking vertical plate, the material blocking vertical plate can form a triangular accumulation area with the material door in the closed state, and the triangular accumulation area is used for accommodating the heavy impurities intercepted by the material blocking vertical plate.

[0021] In an embodiment, the material door comprises a flap door and a flip drive, wherein:

[0022] The flap door is rotatably installed at the heavy impurity discharge port through a door shaft;

[0023] The flip drive is arranged on the bottom plate of the sieve box and connected with the flap door, and the flip drive is used for driving the flap door to flip relative to the heavy impurity discharge port, so that the flap door is switched between the open state and the closed state.

[0024] The utility model further provides a straw impurity removing system, including straw loading conveyor, straw discharge conveyor and above any one described straw impurity removing device, the straw loading conveyor is used for conveying the straw to be removed impurity to the sieve box, the straw discharge conveyor is connected with the straw outlet and is arranged, and is used for receiving the straw after removing impurity.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:

[0026] The straw impurity removing device has novel and reasonable structure, and the fine impurity removing area, the heavy impurity collecting area and the straw outlet are sequentially arranged on the sieve box along the material flow direction, and the openable and closable material door and the material blocking structure are arranged at the heavy impurity discharge port of the heavy impurity collecting area, so that the basic screening function of the reciprocating sieve box is realized, the multi-stage impurity removing of the straw and the effective separation of the fine impurities and the heavy impurities are realized in the process that the straw flows to the straw outlet in one direction, the effective sorting of the mixed straw in the heavy impurities is completed by the material suction fan, the sorting of the fine impurities, the heavy impurities and the straw is realized, the air selection of the straw in the heavy impurities is completed in the instant of discharging the heavy impurities, the total amount of the heavy impurities is reduced, and the purity of the heavy impurities is improved, and the material suction fan only needs to process the straw in the heavy impurities, a large amount of qualified broken straw does not need to be air selected by the material suction fan, the power of the material suction fan is 1.5 kW, the intermittent operation of the material door is matched, compared with the material suction fan in the prior art, the operation power consumption and cost are greatly reduced.

[0027] In some technical solutions of the utility model, the support frame top is provided with the box shell which is completely closed around and on top, the sieve box is arranged in the box shell, the hopper one and the basically closed hopper two are connected at the bottom of the box shell, based on this, the fine impurities generated in the screening and impurity removing process fall into the hopper one through the sieve hole of the sieve net, the dust generated in the screening process is covered in the closed space formed by the closed box shell, the hopper one and the hopper two, the fine impurities in the hopper one are pushed to the discharge port one by the material conveyor one, the discharge port one can be externally connected with a material conveying air pipe, the dust-containing air and the fine impurities in the straw impurity removing device can be sucked away through the material conveying air pipe, the dust and the fine impurities can be conveniently collected, compressed and packed for sale, the air quality of the equipment site is good, and there is basically no dust pollution.

[0028] The straw impurity removing system provided by the utility model contains the straw impurity removing device, has all the characteristics of the straw impurity removing device, and is used in cooperation with the straw feeding conveyor and the straw discharging conveyor, so that automatic feeding and automatic receiving of the straw impurity removing device are realized, and the automation and intelligence of straw impurity removing are improved. ACCURACY

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a vertical sectional view of the straw impurity removing device disclosed in the embodiments of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 2The utility model discloses a top plan view of the straw edulcoration device disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model after the screen box is removed.

[0032] Figure 3 The utility model discloses a structure diagram of the screen box disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0033] Figure 4 The utility model discloses a whole structure diagram of the straw edulcoration system disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0034] In the drawing: 100, straw edulcoration device;200, straw edulcoration system;300, straw loading conveyor;400, straw discharge conveyor;

[0035] 1, reciprocating screen;11, screen box;12, screen mesh;13, screen box drive;14, straw import;15, fine sundry discharge port;16, heavy sundry discharge port;17, straw export;18, discharge hopper;19, suspension chain;110, side vertical plate;111, bottom plate;112, door shaft seat;113, suspension ring;114, cam drive;115, drive motor;116, screen box connecting structure;

[0036] 2, suction fan;21, hose;

[0037] 3, material blocking structure;31, triangular accumulation area;

[0038] 4, material door;41, flap door;42, door shaft;43, overturning drive;

[0039] 5, hopper one;51, discharge port one;

[0040] 6, material conveyor one;61, helical blade one;62, helical blade two;63, helical drive one;

[0041] 7, hopper two;71, discharge port two;72, U-shaped groove;

[0042] 8, winnowing channel;

[0043] 9, material conveyor two;91, shaftless helix;92, helical drive two;

[0044] 10, closed box shell;101, square tube frame;102, side plate;103, bottom support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0046] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a novel straw impurity removal device to solve the problems of the existing straw impurity removal device, such as the difficulty in sorting, the high power consumption of the suction fan, and the high operation cost.

[0047] Another purpose of the present application is to provide a straw impurity removal system comprising the above-mentioned straw impurity removal device.

[0048] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] As Figures 1-3As shown, the embodiment provides a straw impurity removal device 100, mainly comprising a support frame, a reciprocating sieve 1, a suction fan 2 and a material blocking structure 3. The reciprocating sieve 1 comprises a sieve box 11 and a sieve box drive 13. The sieve box 11 is movably assembled on the support frame. A fine impurity removal zone, a heavy impurity collection zone and a straw outlet 17 are sequentially arranged on the sieve box 11 along the material flow direction. The fine impurity removal zone is provided with a screen 12 capable of allowing fine impurities to pass through. The heavy impurity collection zone is provided with a heavy impurity discharge port 16. A closable material door 4 is arranged at the heavy impurity discharge port 16. The sieve box drive 13 is connected with the sieve box 11 and is used to drive the sieve box 11 to reciprocally move relative to the support frame, so as to realize the screening of the straw and impurities on the sieve box 11. Generally, the sieve box drive 13 can drive the sieve box 11 to reciprocally move along the aforementioned material flow direction. The closable material door 4 is arranged at the heavy impurity discharge port 16. The material blocking structure 3 is arranged on the sieve box 11 and located between the heavy impurity discharge port 16 and the straw outlet 17. When the material door 4 is in the closed state, the heavy impurity discharge port 16 is closed. After the heavy impurities and straw on the sieve box 11 move to the end of the screen 12 along the material flow direction, the heavy impurities and straw can continue to move to the end of the sieve box 11 and then can be collected at the heavy impurity discharge port 16. At this time, the material blocking structure 3 can intercept the heavy impurities at the heavy impurity discharge port 16 by its height, and the heavy impurities are mainly supported by the material door 4. The straw can roll over the material blocking structure 3 and be discharged through the straw outlet 17. After the straw impurity removal device 100 works for a period of time, the material door 4 can be opened. The heavy impurities accumulated at the heavy impurity discharge port 16 can be discharged through the heavy impurity discharge port 16. It should be noted that the heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port 16 include but are not limited to common soil blocks, stone blocks, ice blocks and iron blocks with larger screen holes than the screen 12, and the heavy impurities often contain fine and unqualified straw blocks. The aforementioned suction fan 2 is mainly used to collect the straw blocks mixed in the heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port 16. During the process of discharging the heavy impurities from the heavy impurity discharge port 16, the soil blocks, stone blocks, ice blocks and iron blocks will fall under their own gravity, and the mixed straw blocks will be collected separately under the negative pressure adsorption of the suction fan 2, so as to solve the problem that the heavy impurities contain too much straw and are not easy to sort.

[0051] In an embodiment, the support frame comprises a bottom support 103 and an enclosed box shell 10 arranged on the bottom support 103. The enclosed box shell 10 is preferably a rectangular box structure which is supported on the ground by the bottom support 103. The enclosed box shell 10 itself comprises a rectangular square tube frame 101. The side walls and top of the square tube frame 101 are closed, and the bottom of the square tube frame 101 is open. The bottom support 103 can also be made of square tubes. The reciprocating sieve 1 and the material blocking structure 3 are arranged in the enclosed box shell 10. A straw inlet 14 is arranged on the top plate of the enclosed box shell 10, as shown in the figure. Figure 1The straw inlet 14, the fine and sundry removing area, the heavy sundry collecting area and the straw outlet 17 are sequentially arranged along the material flow direction, and the straw material entering through the straw inlet 14 can directly fall on the fine and sundry removing area. It should be noted that the bottom of the closed box shell 10 has a hollow portion communicating with the straw outlet 17, and the straw discharged from the straw outlet 17 can be discharged through the bottom of the closed box shell 10 in time.

[0052] In an embodiment, the sieve box 11 is preferably suspended in the closed box shell 10, and the sieve box 11 is arranged to be inclined downward along the material flow direction from high to low, as shown in Figure 1 The fine and sundry discharge port 15, the heavy sundry discharge port 16 and the straw outlet 17 are sequentially arranged along the material flow direction in terms of height, and the heavy sundry discharge port 16 and the straw outlet 17 are arranged close to the end (low end) of the sieve box 11. As a preferred solution, the sieve box 11 includes a bottom plate 111 and side vertical plates 110 arranged on both sides of the bottom plate 111 in the length direction, and the fine and sundry removing area, the heavy sundry collecting area and the straw outlet 17 are all arranged on the bottom plate 111; in the static state, the entire sieve box 11, that is, the angle between the bottom plate 111 and the horizontal plane (i.e. the ground) is preferably 4°-8°. As shown in Figure 1 The closed box shell 10 is also arranged to be inclined, and the length direction axis of the closed box shell 10 is parallel to the sieve box 11. The sieve box 11 is arranged to be inclined along the material flow direction, which provides a slope for the straw, fine and sundry and heavy sundry materials in the sieve box 11, so that the straw, fine and sundry and heavy sundry materials can move by themselves under the action of gravity.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the sieve box 11 is suspended in the closed box shell 10 by a suspension chain 19, as shown in Figure 3 The side vertical plate 110 of the sieve box 11 is provided with a suspension ring 113, the bottom end of the suspension chain 19 is connected to the suspension ring 113, and the top end is connected to the top of the closed box shell 10. The sieve box 11 is generally provided with a plurality of suspension rings 113, and the sieve box 11 can be suspended in the closed box shell 10 by a plurality of suspension chains 19.

[0054] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bottom of the closed box shell 10 is sequentially provided with a hopper one 5 and a hopper two 7 along the material flow direction, and the position of the closed box shell 10 connected to the hopper one 5 is the fine and sundry discharge port 15 for the fine and sundry to pass through. The hopper one 5 is provided with a discharge port one 51, and the hopper one 5 is provided with a material conveyor one 6, which is used to convey the fine and sundry discharged from the fine and sundry discharge port 15 to the discharge port one 51. The hopper two 7 is provided with a discharge port two 71, and the hopper two 7 is provided with a material conveyor two 9, which is used to convey the heavy sundry discharged from the heavy sundry discharge port 16 to the discharge port two 71.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the hopper 5 is a conical hopper, the large end of which is in sealing butt joint with the fine and sundry discharge port 15, and the small end is provided with a discharge port 51. The conical side wall of the hopper 5 is conducive to the collection of fine and sundry at the discharge port 51, and facilitates the rapid emptying of the fine and sundry in the hopper 5. The fine and sundry discharge port 15, that is, the top inlet of the hopper 5, is preferably a rectangular port, and the length direction thereof is parallel to the length direction of the bottom plate 111. The fine and sundry discharge port 15 is preferably located directly below the screen 12, and in the length direction of the screen 12, the fine and sundry discharge port 15 can be longer than both ends of the screen 12, or shorter than both ends of the screen 12, or flush with both ends of the screen 12. When the fine and sundry discharge port 15 is set shorter than both ends of the screen 12 in the length direction of the screen 12, the length of the fine and sundry discharge port 15 preferably occupies two-thirds to four-fifths of the length of the screen 12. The above-mentioned arrangement of the fine and sundry discharge port 15 and the screen 12 is conducive to prolonging the screening path and screening time of the fine and sundry in the straw on the screen 12, thereby improving the screening rate of the fine and sundry in the straw.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, the discharge port 51 has a small diameter, which can ensure the sealing of the hopper 5 during operation. In order to further improve the dust-free effect of the fine and sundry discharge and collection process, a material conveying air pipe can also be connected to the discharge port 51, and the fine and sundry in the hopper 5 can be collected and transferred to the corresponding position through the sealed material conveying air pipe.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, the material conveyor 6 is a screw conveyor, and the conveying auger of the screw conveyor is arranged above the discharge port 51 and parallel to the bottom plate 111. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the drawings, the spiral blades on both sides of the conveying auger of the screw conveyor, i.e. the spiral blade 61 and the spiral blade 62, have opposite rotation directions, so that when the conveying auger rotates, the spiral blade 61 and the spiral blade 62 can simultaneously collect the fine and sundry on both sides of the discharge port 51 to the discharge port 51, thereby improving the feeding efficiency. The screw conveyor is a conventional component, and the shaft of the conveying auger can be rotatably installed on the hopper wall of the hopper 5 through bearings. The screw drive of the screw conveyor is usually a motor, which can be arranged on the outer wall of the hopper 5 through a motor base. The output end of the motor penetrates the hopper wall and is connected to the end of the conveying auger to drive the conveying auger to rotate.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the hopper two 7 is provided with a U-shaped groove 72, the discharge port two 71 is arranged at one end of the U-shaped groove 72, and the material conveying machine two 9 is a shaftless screw conveyor. The shaftless screw conveyor is a conventional component, the shaftless screw 91 is arranged in parallel in the U-shaped groove 72, and the shaft ends of the shaftless screw 91 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the U-shaped groove 72 through bearings. The screw drive two 92 of the shaftless screw conveyor is usually driven by a motor. The motor can be arranged on the outer wall of the hopper two 7 through a motor base. The output end of the motor penetrates the wall of the hopper two 7 and is connected to one end of the shaftless screw 91 to drive the shaftless screw 91 to rotate. The other end of the shaftless screw 91 is connected to the discharge port two 71 to convey the heavy impurities collected in the hopper two 7 to the discharge port two 71 and discharge. The heavy impurity discharge port 16 is preferably a strip-shaped port parallel to the width direction of the sieve box 11. The hopper two 7 is a conical hopper, the large end of which is arranged across the width direction of the sieve box 11 and is sealingly connected to the strip-shaped port. The small end is provided with the aforementioned U-shaped groove 72, which is parallel to the strip-shaped port. Correspondingly, the shaftless screw 91 in the U-shaped groove 72 is also parallel to the strip-shaped port. In order to improve the heavy impurity discharge effect and efficiency, the length of the strip-shaped port and the U-shaped groove 72 is equal to or substantially equal to the width of the sieve box 11. It should be noted that the sieve box 11 is generally rectangular in structure, and the width direction of the two sides is generally gap-fitted with the inner side wall of the closed box shell 10, that is, the width of the sieve surface of the sieve box 11 is slightly smaller than the width of the closed box shell 10. In actual application, the shaftless screw 91 can be selected as a shaftless screw with an outer diameter of 200 mm.

[0059] In one embodiment, the sieve net 12 can be made of a manganese steel wire mesh with a mesh size of 5-10, or a punched mesh.

[0060] In one embodiment, the inlet of the suction fan 2 is connected to the discharge port two 71 through the winnowing channel 8. The winnowing channel 8 is preferably a rectangular tube, and the cross section of the rectangular tube can be a square of 320mm x 320mm. The winnowing channel 8 is vertically installed and the bottom is completely open. The winnowing channel 8 is connected to the discharge port two 71 through the side wall. The top of the winnowing channel 8 is reduced in diameter to form a circular tube segment with an outer diameter of 219mm. The circular tube segment is coaxial with the rectangular tube. The inlet of the suction fan 2 can be connected to the top of the circular tube segment through a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe can be a hose, and is preferably a polyurethane copper-plated steel wire hose with an inner diameter of 220mm. The overall length of the winnowing channel 8 can be flexibly set according to the situation.

[0061] As a further preferred scheme, the sieve box 11 has a mounting space at the end of the straw outlet 17. The mounting space is used to mount the sieve box drive 13 and the suction fan 2.

[0062] In one embodiment, the screen box drive 13 adopts a common cam drive mechanism, which comprises a cam drive 114 and a drive motor 115. The screen box 11 is provided at the end thereof with a screen box connecting structure 116, which generally adopts an ear structure. The output end of the cam drive 114 is hingedly connected to the screen box connecting structure 116. The drive motor 115 is used to drive the cam drive 114 to operate, so as to drive the whole screen 12 to reciprocate along the material flow direction by virtue of the cam drive characteristics of the cam drive 114.

[0063] The "material flow direction" mentioned above refers to the direction in which the straw moves from the straw inlet 14 to the straw outlet 17, as shown by the arrow in the figure, and specifically refers to the direction parallel to the inclination direction of the screen box 11. Figure 1

[0064] In one embodiment, the material door 4 comprises a flap door 41 and a flip drive 43. The flap door 41 is rotatably installed at the heavy impurity discharge port 16 by means of a door shaft 42. The flip drive 43 is arranged on the screen box 11 and is connected to the flap door 41. The flip drive 43 is used to drive the flap door 41 to flip relative to the heavy impurity discharge port 16, so as to switch the flap door 41 between the open state and the closed state.

[0065] Based on the bar-shaped port structure of the heavy impurity discharge port 16, the flap door 41 in this embodiment is preferably a bar-shaped flap door which is adapted to the size of the bar-shaped port. The length direction of the flap door 41 is perpendicular to the width direction of the screen box 11. The bottom of the side stand 110 on both sides of the length direction of the screen box 11 is provided with a door shaft seat 112. The flap door 41 is rotatably connected to the door shaft seat 112 by means of a door shaft 42. The flip drive 43 is preferably a pneumatic cylinder. One end of the pneumatic cylinder is hingedly connected to the bottom of the bottom plate 111. The other end of the pneumatic cylinder is hingedly connected to the flap door 41. The pneumatic cylinder can be extended and retracted to drive the flap door 41 to open and close. Generally, the pneumatic cylinder can drive the flap door 41 to flip by 90 degrees around the door shaft 42. As a preferred embodiment, the width of the flap door 41 is 250mm to 400mm. The length of the flap door 41 is equal to or slightly greater than the screen surface width of the screen box 11. As a further preferred scheme, it is preferred that the flap door 41 can be seamlessly embedded into the heavy impurity discharge port 16 when the flap door 41 is in the closed state. At this time, the upper surface of the flap door 41 is flush with or slightly higher than the upper surface of the bottom plate 111.

[0066] ​In one embodiment, the material blocking structure 3 is a blocking vertical plate arranged across the length direction of the strip-shaped port, which is arranged close to one side edge of the strip-shaped port (i.e. the side edge of the strip-shaped port close to the straw outlet 17), and can form a triangular accumulation area 31 with the material door 4 in the closed state, which is used to accommodate the heavy impurities intercepted by the blocking vertical plate. As a preferred embodiment, the blocking vertical plate is a rectangular vertical plate with a height of 6-10 cm and a width equal to or slightly greater than the width of the screen surface of the screen box 11, and preferably perpendicular to the bottom plate 111, and can be welded to the inner wall of the side vertical plate 110 of the screen box 11 through the short edges at both ends in the length direction.

[0067] The use process and principle of the above-mentioned straw impurity removal device 100 will be described in detail as follows:

[0068] The crushed straw is conveyed to the straw inlet 14, falls onto the screen 12 of the screen box 11 through the straw inlet 14, and the screen box 11 is driven to move back and forth along the material flow direction by the screen box drive 13, so that the crushed straw continuously moves to the end of the screen box 11 on the screen surface and completes the impurity removal in the moving process. Specifically, fine impurities will fall into the hopper 1 5 below the screen through the screen holes of the screen 12, and the hopper 1 5 can store a large amount of fine impurities, and the material conveyor 1 6 in the hopper 1 5 can discharge the fine impurities from the discharge port 1 51 of the hopper 1 5; heavy impurities and crushed straw cannot pass through the screen holes of the screen 12, and will continuously move along the screen surface downward, and the heavy impurities are closer to the screen surface, and finally are intercepted in the triangular accumulation area 31 by the material blocking structure 3; the qualified crushed straw will flip over the material blocking structure 3 and finally be discharged from the straw outlet 17 into the next process. The bottom of the straw outlet 17 can be connected to a discharge hopper 18 with a guide inclined plate to facilitate the smooth discharge of the crushed straw from the straw outlet 17. The flap door 41 is opened at regular intervals to make the heavy impurities accumulated in the triangular accumulation area 31 and a small amount of crushed straw on the heavy impurities fall into the hopper 2 7 below, and then the flap door 41 is quickly closed to prevent more straw from falling. The shaftless screw 91 in the hopper 2 7 works to convey the material in the hopper 2 7 to the air separation channel 8 at one end, and the suction fan 2 is started to form an upward air flow in the air separation channel 8, and the air flow rate can be controlled at 3-10 m / s. The heavy impurities and crushed straw entering the air separation channel 8, such as soil, stone, ice, iron and other heavy impurities with a larger specific gravity, will fall from the bottom opening of the air separation channel 8 to the ground or a corresponding receiving container, and the crushed straw with a lighter specific gravity will be sucked away by the upward air flow for recycling.

[0069] In actual application, the screening box 11 is externally provided with an enclosed box shell 10, the periphery and top of the enclosed box shell 10 are completely enclosed, the bottom is connected with the hopper 1 5 and the substantially enclosed hopper 2 7, based on this, the fine impurities generated in the screening and impurity removal process fall into the hopper 1 5 through the screen holes of the screen 12, the dust generated in the screening process is covered in the enclosed space formed by the enclosed box shell 10, the hopper 1 5 and the hopper 2 7, the fine impurities in the hopper 1 5 are pushed to the discharge port 1 51 by the material conveying machine 1 6, the discharge port 1 51 can be externally connected with a material conveying air pipe, the dust-containing air in the straw impurity removal device 100 and the fine impurities can be sucked away through the material conveying air pipe, which is convenient for subsequent collection, compression and packaging of the dust and fine impurities, the air quality on the site of the device is good, and there is basically no dust pollution.

[0070] The beneficial effects of the above straw impurity removal device 100 are as follows:

[0071] (1) Based on the overall structural design of the reciprocating screen 1, the multi-stage impurity removal of the straw and the effective separation of the fine impurities and the heavy impurities can be realized in the process of unidirectional flow of the straw to the straw outlet 17, and the effective sorting of the straw mixed in the heavy impurities is completed by the material suction fan 2, so that three parts of screening products are finally obtained: 1) qualified crushed straw, which is discharged from the straw outlet 17 and used for producing high-quality forage; 2) fine impurities and dust discharged from the discharge port 1 51, which are mainly composed of fine soil and straw ends and can be sold as commodities after being collected, compressed and packaged through closed conveying of the material conveying air pipe; and 3) heavy impurities discharged from the discharge port 2 71, which basically do not contain usable straw, have a small total amount and are easy to collect and dispose, and the iron therein can be sold by being attracted by a magnet, thereby solving the problem of accumulation of straw screening products in the prior art.

[0072] (2) In the prior art, the material suction fan needs to suck all the straw from the screen surface, the screen surface has a large width, the material suction fan needs much larger air volume, the heavy impurities are left on the screen surface, the amount of mixed straw is large, the total amount of heavy impurities is large, the power of the material suction fan is at least 37-45 kW, and the fan needs to be continuously operated, the power consumption of the fan is too high, the fan blades are severely worn, and a Shachenglong material collecting device needs to be additionally installed at the discharge end of the material suction fan, which not only makes the device bulky, but also increases the operation power consumption and cost. The material suction fan 2 of the present scheme is connected with the discharge port 2 71 through the air selection channel 8 with the bottom opening, which not only can complete the air selection of the straw in the heavy impurities at the moment when the heavy impurities pass through the discharge port 2 71, thereby reducing the total amount of heavy impurities and improving the purity of heavy impurities, but also only needs to process the straw in the heavy impurities, a large amount of qualified crushed straw does not need to be air selected by the material suction fan 2, the power of the material suction fan 2 is 1.5 kW, which is enough, and the material suction fan 2 can be intermittently operated, compared with the material suction fan in the prior art, the operation power consumption and cost are greatly reduced.

[0073] (III) The straw impurity removal device of the scheme is relatively closed as a whole, the four sides and the top of the closed box shell 10 are completely closed, the closed box shell 10 is connected with the basically closed hopper one 5, the fine impurities generated in the screening process fall in the hopper one 5, the dust generated in the screening process is covered in the closed space formed by the straw impurity removal device, the fine impurities of the hopper one 5 are pushed to the discharge port one 51 at the bottom of the hopper one 5 by the screw conveyor, the discharge port one 51 is connected with a material conveying air pipe, the dust-containing air in the straw impurity removal device 100 and the fine impurities can be sucked away through the material conveying air pipe, so that the dust and the fine impurities can be collected, compressed and packed for sale, the air quality of the equipment site is good, and there is basically no dust pollution.

[0074] Embodiment 2

[0075] As shown in Figure 4 , the embodiment provides a straw impurity removal system 200, which comprises a straw feeding conveyor 300, a straw discharging conveyor 400 and the straw impurity removal device 100 of the embodiment 1; the straw feeding conveyor 300 is arranged in connection with the straw inlet 14 and is used for conveying the straw to be removed to the closed box shell 10; the straw discharging conveyor 400 is arranged in connection with the straw outlet 17 and is used for receiving the straw removed by the straw outlet 17.

[0076] The principle and implementation mode of the specific examples applied in the utility model are described, and the above embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the utility model; meanwhile, according to the idea of the utility model, the specific implementation mode and the application range will be changed by the general technical personnel in the field. In conclusion, the content of the specification should not be understood as the limitation of the utility model.

Claims

1. A device for removing impurities from straw, characterized in that The device comprises a reciprocating screen (1), a suction fan (2), a material blocking structure (3) and a support frame, wherein: The reciprocating screen (1) comprises a screen box (11) and a screen box drive (13), the screen box (11) is movably assembled on the support frame, the screen box (11) is sequentially provided with a fine impurity removal area, a heavy impurity collection area and a straw outlet (17) along the material flow direction, the fine impurity removal area is provided with a screen mesh (12) capable of allowing fine impurities to pass through, the heavy impurity collection area is provided with a heavy impurity discharge port (16), and a closable material door (4) is arranged at the heavy impurity discharge port (16); The material blocking structure (3) is arranged on the screen box (11) and located between the heavy impurity collection area and the straw outlet (17), when the material door (4) is closed, the heavy impurities and straws on the screen box (11) can be collected in the heavy impurity collection area, the material blocking structure (3) can intercept the heavy impurities at the heavy impurity collection area, and the straws can turn over the material blocking structure (3) and be discharged through the straw outlet (17), when the material door (4) is opened, the heavy impurities accumulated at the heavy impurity collection area can be discharged through the heavy impurity discharge port (16); The suction fan (2) is used for winnowing the straws discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port (16).

2. The straw impurity removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screen box (11) is suspended on the support frame, and in a static state, the screen box (11) is arranged to be downwardly inclined from high to low along the material flow direction.

3. The straw impurity removing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The support frame comprises: a bottom support (103); a closed box shell (10) arranged on the bottom support (103), the reciprocating screen (1) and the material blocking structure (3) are arranged in the closed box shell (10), the closed box shell (10) is provided with a straw inlet (14), and the bottom of the closed box shell (10) is arranged to be open; a hopper one (5) arranged at one end of the bottom of the closed box shell (10) and communicating with the inside of the closed box shell (10), the hopper one (5) is used for collecting fine impurities screened by the screen mesh (12), the hopper one (5) is provided with a discharge port one (51), and a material conveyor one (6) is arranged in the hopper one (5), the material conveyor one (6) is used for conveying fine impurities to the discharge port one (51); a hopper two (7) arranged at the other end of the bottom of the closed box shell (10) and communicating with the inside of the closed box shell (10), the hopper two (7) is used for collecting heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port (16), the hopper two (7) is provided with a discharge port two (71), and a material conveyor two (9) is arranged in the hopper two (7), the material conveyor two (9) is used for conveying the heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port (16) to the discharge port two (71).

4. The straw impurity removing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The material conveying machine one (6) is a screw conveyor, a conveying auger of the screw conveyor is arranged above the discharge port one (51), and the spiral blades of the conveying auger on both sides of the discharge port one (51) are opposite in rotation direction, so as to converge the fine and impurities on both sides of the discharge port one (51) to the discharge port one (51).

5. The straw impurity removing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the hopper two (7) is provided with a U-shaped groove (72), the discharge port two (71) is arranged at one end of the U-shaped groove (72), and the material conveying machine two (9) is a shaftless screw conveyor, which is installed in parallel in the U-shaped groove (72).

6. The straw impurity removing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The air separation channel (8) is connected to the discharge port two (71), the side wall of the air separation channel (8) is communicated with the discharge port two (71), one end of the air separation channel (8) is arranged downward and open, and the inlet of the material suction fan (2) is communicated with the air separation channel (8).

7. The straw impurity removing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The sieve box (11) comprises a bottom plate and side vertical plates arranged on both sides of the bottom plate in the length direction; the fine and impurity removal area, the heavy impurity collection area and the straw outlet (17) are arranged on the bottom plate.

8. The straw impurity removing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The material blocking structure (3) is a material blocking vertical plate, which can form a triangular accumulation area (31) with the closed material door (4), and the triangular accumulation area (31) is used for accommodating the heavy impurities intercepted by the material blocking vertical plate.

9. The straw impurity removing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The material door (4) comprises a flap door (41) and a turnover drive (43), wherein: The flap door (41) is rotatably installed at the heavy impurity discharge port (16) through a door shaft (42); The turnover drive (43) is arranged on the bottom plate of the sieve box (11) and connected with the flap door (41), and is used for driving the flap door (41) to turn over relative to the heavy impurity discharge port (16), so as to switch the flap door (41) between the open state and the closed state.

10. A system for removing impurities from straw, characterized in that The straw impurity removal device (100) comprises a straw feeding conveyor (300), a straw discharging conveyor (400) and the straw impurity removal device (100) according to any one of claims 1-9; the straw feeding conveyor (300) is used for conveying the straw to be removed to the sieve box (11); The straw discharging conveyor (400) is arranged in connection with the straw outlet (17) and is used for receiving the straw after impurity removal.

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