Rack retaining device for machine tool tailstock

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of retaining structures of machine tool tail frames, in particular to a rack retaining device for a machine tool tail frame, and aims to solve the problem that operation is tedious due to the fact that a bolt and a clamping plate are used for increasing friction force, according to the scheme, the rack retaining device comprises a fixed rack and a retaining rack, the fixed rack is fixed to a sliding rail, and the retaining rack is arranged on the tail frame; a driving assembly is arranged on the tail frame and connected with the retaining rack so as to drive the retaining rack to be meshed with or separated from the fixed rack. The method has the effect of improving tedious operation or large processing amount.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the field of tailstock retreat prevention structures of machine tools, in particular to a rack retreat prevention device for a tailstock of a machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The tailstock plays a crucial role in modern precision machining equipment. It not only serves to support the workpiece but also enables precise adjustment of the workpiece's position during machining. Traditional lathe tailstocks move forward and backward mainly relying on sliding guides, and the tailstock is clamped to the lathe bed by bolts and clamps to achieve the retreat prevention function. This design performs well in early sliding guide systems, effectively preventing the tailstock from sliding during machining and ensuring machining accuracy. However, with technological advancements, more and more tailstocks use ball-type linear slides, which have higher precision and less frictional resistance, significantly improving the performance and efficiency of the tailstock.

[0003] To achieve the retreat prevention function of the tailstock on the ball-type linear slide, a latch is used to lock the tailstock position. Specifically, the latch method is to process multiple pin holes on the bed, and insert the latch when retreat prevention is needed to fix the position of the tailstock.

[0004] The retreat prevention locking force is mainly achieved by increasing the friction force with bolts and clamps, which is relatively cumbersome to operate. Using a latch for retreat prevention requires processing multiple pin holes on the bed, resulting in a large amount of machining and inconvenient operation, which needs to be improved. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] To improve the cumbersome operation or large amount of machining, the application provides a rack retreat prevention device for a tailstock of a machine tool.

[0006] The rack retreat prevention device for a tailstock of a machine tool provided by the application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A rack retreat prevention device for a tailstock of a machine tool, comprising a fixed rack and a retreat prevention rack, the fixed rack is fixed on the slide rail, the retreat prevention rack is arranged on the tailstock, and a driving assembly is arranged on the tailstock and connected to the retreat prevention rack to drive the retreat prevention rack to engage or disengage with the fixed rack.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the engagement and disengagement between the fixed rack and the retreat prevention rack are used to achieve the retreat prevention function of the tailstock, without the traditional bolts and clamps or latch method, simplifying the operation process, reducing the number of machining holes on the bed, improving the work efficiency and use convenience. It can effectively solve the problems of cumbersome operation and large amount of machining in the traditional lathe tailstock retreat prevention method.

[0009] Optionally, the driving assembly comprises a driving base, a retreat-stop rod and a locking member, the driving base is installed on the tailstock, the retreat-stop rod is movably arranged on the driving base, one end of the retreat-stop rod close to the fixed rack is connected with the retreat-stop rack, the retreat-stop rod is movable on the driving base to control the retreat-stop rack to approach or move away from the fixed rack, a retreat-stop spring is arranged on the retreat-stop rod, the retreat-stop rod engages the retreat-stop rack with the fixed rack by the retreat-stop spring, and the locking member is installed on the driving base to limit the retreat-stop rod to move towards the fixed rack.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the driving base, the retreat-stop rod and the locking member in the driving assembly jointly act to enable the retreat-stop rod to be movable on the driving base, thereby controlling the engagement or disengagement of the retreat-stop rack with the fixed rack. The retreat-stop spring is arranged to ensure that the retreat-stop rack can maintain the engagement state with the fixed rack when not subjected to external force, thereby reducing the operation complexity. The use of the locking member can limit the retreat-stop rod to move towards the fixed rack, thereby effectively solving the problems of complicated operation and large processing amount in the traditional retreat-stop mode.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of connecting rods are arranged between the retreat-stop rack and the driving base, both ends of the connecting rod are rotatably connected to the retreat-stop rack and the driving base, and the plurality of connecting rods are arranged in parallel.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the arrangement of the plurality of connecting rods makes the connection between the retreat-stop rack and the driving base more stable and reliable, improves the rigidity and stability of the entire device, effectively prevents the retreat-stop rack from being deviated or loosened during the operation, and ensures the reliability and consistency of the retreat-stop effect. Meanwhile, the rotatable connection design of the connecting rod enables the retreat-stop rack to smoothly approach or move away from the fixed rack under the action of the driving assembly, thereby improving the convenience and flexibility of the operation.

[0013] Optionally, the tooth opening of the fixed rack is in the vertical direction, the retreat-stop spring is sleeved on the retreat-stop rod, both ends of the retreat-stop spring abut against the driving base and the retreat-stop rack, the locking member comprises a first locking base, a first locking rod and a first locking spring, the first locking base is installed on the driving base, the first locking rod is arranged in the first locking base and is movably arranged horizontally, and the first locking spring is sleeved on the first locking rod, one end of the first locking rod close to the retreat-stop rod is provided with a first limiting block, both ends of the first locking spring abut against the first locking base and the first limiting block, and the first limiting block can be inserted into a pre-designed groove of the retreat-stop rod to limit the retreat-stop rod and separate the retreat-stop rack from the fixed rack.

[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, when the tooth opening of the fixed rack is oriented in the vertical direction, the misalignment of the fixed rack and the stop rack in the horizontal direction can be effectively prevented, and the stop reliability is improved. Meanwhile, the first locking seat, the first locking rod and the first locking spring are arranged to enable the stop rack to be accurately limited, so that the stop rack is prevented from loosening due to external vibration and other factors, and the stability of the stop device is further improved.

[0015] Optionally, the tooth opening of the fixed rack is oriented in the horizontal direction; the locking member comprises a second locking seat, a second locking rod and a second locking spring, the second locking seat is vertically installed on the driving seat, one end of the second locking seat away from the tailstock is provided with a mounting plate in the horizontal direction, one end of the second locking rod penetrates through the mounting plate, and the other end penetrates through the driving seat, the second locking spring is sleeved on the second locking rod, and the two ends of the second locking spring are respectively abutted against the mounting plate and the driving seat; one of the connecting rods is provided with a locking plate, the locking plate is provided with a locking hole, and the second locking spring can enable the second locking rod to be inserted into the locking hole to limit the movement of the locking plate and the connecting rod; the stop spring is located at one end of the stop rack away from the stop rack, one end of the stop spring is abutted against the stop rack, and the other end is abutted against the second locking seat.

[0016] By adopting the technical scheme, when the tooth opening of the fixed rack is oriented in the horizontal direction, the accurate meshing of the stop rack and the fixed rack in the horizontal direction can be ensured, and the stop reliability is improved. Meanwhile, the design of the locking member enables the second locking rod to be inserted into the locking hole under the action of the second locking spring, the movement of the locking plate and the connecting rod is effectively limited, and the stability of the stop device is further enhanced. This design not only simplifies the operation process, but also reduces the processing amount and improves the work efficiency.

[0017] Optionally, one end of the second locking rod close to the locking hole is provided with an arc surface.

[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, one end of the second locking rod close to the locking hole is provided with an arc surface, so that the second locking rod is more easily inserted into the locking hole, the convenience and reliability of the locking operation are improved, and the jamming phenomenon that may occur in the operation process is reduced.

[0019] Optionally, one end of the stop rack away from the stop rack is provided with a stop handle.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, one end of the stop rack away from the stop rack is provided with a stop handle, so that the movement of the stop rack can be manually controlled by the operator, and the operation convenience and work efficiency are improved.

[0021] Optionally, one end of the stop handle close to the stop rack can be provided with a stop washer.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. The tailstock retreat function is achieved by the meshing and separation between the fixed rack and the retreat rack, without the traditional bolt and clamping plate or latch method, simplifying the operation process, reducing the number of machining holes on the bed, improving work efficiency and use convenience. It can effectively solve the problems of complicated operation and large processing amount in the traditional lathe tailstock retreat method;

[0024] 2. The driving seat, retreat rod and locking piece in the driving assembly work together to enable the retreat rod to move on the driving seat, thereby controlling the meshing or separation of the retreat rack and the fixed rack. The setting of the retreat spring ensures that the retreat rack can maintain the meshing state with the fixed rack when not subjected to external force, reducing the operation complexity. The use of the locking piece can limit the movement of the retreat rod towards the fixed rack, thereby effectively solving the problems of complicated operation and large processing amount in the traditional retreat method;

[0025] 3. The setting of multiple connecting rods makes the connection between the retreat rack and the driving seat more stable and reliable, improving the rigidity and stability of the entire device, effectively preventing the retreat rack from shifting or loosening during work, ensuring the reliability and consistency of the retreat effect. At the same time, the rotary connection design of the connecting rods enables the retreat rack to smoothly approach or move away from the fixed rack under the action of the driving assembly, improving the convenience and flexibility of operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the rack retreat device for the lathe tailstock in Embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is an enlarged schematic diagram of A in

[0028] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed rack and the retreat rack in a separated state when the fixed rack tooth opening faces up in Embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the rack retreat device for the lathe tailstock in Embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 is a side view of the rack retreat device for the lathe tailstock in Embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 is Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of B in

[0032] Figure 7is a structural schematic view of a state in which the fixed rack and the retreat-preventing rack are separated when the tooth opening of the fixed rack in embodiment 2 of the present application faces the horizontal direction.

[0033] Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of a state in which the fixed rack and the retreat-preventing rack are engaged when the tooth opening of the fixed rack in embodiment 2 of the present application faces the horizontal direction.

[0034] Reference signs: 1, fixed rack; 2, retreat-preventing rack; 3, slide rail; 4, tailstock; 5, driving assembly; 51, driving seat; 511, connecting rod; 512, locking plate; 5122, locking hole; 52, retreat-preventing rod; 521, groove; 522, retreat-preventing handle; 523, retreat-preventing washer; 53, retreat-preventing spring; 6, locking piece; 61, first locking seat; 62, first locking rod; 63, first locking spring; 64, first limiting block; 65, second locking seat; 651, mounting plate; 66, second locking rod; 67, second locking spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings Figures 1-8 The present application will be further described in detail.

[0036] The embodiments of the present application disclose a rack retreat-preventing device for a machine tool tailstock.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] With reference to Figure 1 The rack retreat-preventing device for the machine tool tailstock comprises a fixed rack 1 and a retreat-preventing rack 2, wherein the fixed rack 1 is fixed on a slide rail 3 through bolts, the retreat-preventing rack 2 is fixed on a tailstock 4 through bolts, the tailstock 4 is provided with a driving assembly 5 connected with the retreat-preventing rack 2, and the driving assembly 5 drives the retreat-preventing rack 2 to engage or separate from the fixed rack 1, so that the tailstock 4 is conveniently prevented from retreating, the operation process is simplified, the retreat reliability is improved, and the machining amount and the operation complexity are reduced.

[0039] The tooth opening of the fixed rack 1 can face a vertical direction or a horizontal direction, which depends on the design requirement of the tailstock 4. For example, when the tooth opening of the fixed rack 1 faces the vertical direction, the vertical pressure can be better borne, and the abrasion is reduced; when the tooth opening of the fixed rack 1 faces the horizontal direction, the transverse movement can be better adapted, and the stability is improved.

[0040] With reference to Figure 1 In the present embodiment, the tooth opening of the fixed rack 1 faces the vertical direction, specifically, the tooth opening of the fixed rack 1 faces upward; in the present embodiment, the structure of the driving assembly 5 is formulated according to the direction of the tooth opening of the fixed rack 1, and specific explanations are as follows.

[0041] With reference to Figure 2 and Figure 3The driving assembly 5 comprises a driving base 51 and a retreat-stop rod 52. The driving base 51 is mounted on the tail frame 4 by bolts. The retreat-stop rod 52 is movably arranged at one end of the driving base 51 away from the tail frame 4. The retreat-stop rod 52 is movable on the driving base 51 to control the retreat-stop rack 2 to move close to or away from the fixed rack 1.

[0042] One end of the retreat-stop rod 52 away from the fixed rack 1 is fixed with a retreat-stop handle 522 by gluing. The retreat-stop handle 522 can be designed in a cylindrical or flat shape. The surface of the retreat-stop handle 522 can be provided with anti-slip lines to increase the comfort and safety of holding. The retreat-stop handle 522 is fixed with a retreat-stop washer 523 by gluing at one end close to the fixed rack 1. The retreat-stop washer 523 is made of rubber to reduce the impact force of the retreat-stop rod 52 and prolong the service life.

[0043] The retreat-stop rod 52 is connected to the retreat-stop rack 2 by bolts at one end close to the fixed rack 1. A retreat-stop spring 53 is arranged between the retreat-stop rod 52 and the retreat-stop rack 2. The retreat-stop spring 53 is sleeved on the retreat-stop rod 52. The two ends of the retreat-stop spring 53 abut against the driving base 51 and the retreat-stop rack 2, respectively, to provide a restoring force. Under the elastic action of the retreat-stop spring 53, the retreat-stop rack 2 is tightly abutted against the fixed rack 1, so that the retreat-stop rack 2 is stably engaged with the fixed rack 1.

[0044] A plurality of connecting rods 511 are arranged between the driving base 51 and the retreat-stop rack 2. The two ends of each connecting rod 511 are rotatably connected to the retreat-stop rack 2 and the driving base 51 by shafts. The plurality of connecting rods 511 are arranged in parallel to each other. The material of the connecting rods 511 can be high-strength alloy steel to ensure sufficient strength and rigidity. The length and diameter of the connecting rods 511 can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different models and specifications of the tail frame 4. The arrangement of the connecting rods 511 can further enhance the stability of the retreat-stop rack 2.

[0045] When the tail frame 4 needs to be moved, the retreat-stop rack 2 needs to be separated from the fixed rack 1 to release the locking of the retreat-stop rack 2 by the fixed rack 1. A locking member 6 is arranged on the driving base 51 to lock the position of the retreat-stop rod 52, thereby limiting the movement of the retreat-stop rod 52 towards the fixed rack 1.

[0046] The locking piece 6 comprises a first locking seat 61, a first locking rod 62 and a first locking spring 63. The first locking seat 61 is mounted on the driving seat 51 by bolts, the first locking rod 62 is arranged on the first locking seat 61 and is horizontally movable, and the first locking spring 63 is sleeved on the first locking rod 62. One end of the first locking rod 62 close to the retreat rod 52 is provided with a first limiting block 64, and the two ends of the first locking spring 63 abut against the first locking seat 61 and the first limiting block 64 respectively. Under the elastic action of the first locking spring 63, the first limiting block 64 can be inserted into the pre-set groove 521 of the retreat rod 52, so that the position of the retreat rod 52 in the vertical direction is limited, and the retreat rack 2 and the fixed rack 1 are stably separated. A handle is arranged on the top wall of the first limiting block 64 for convenient operation.

[0047] Through the meshing and separation of the fixed rack 1 and the retreat rack 2, the accurate retreat of the tailstock 4 on the ball-type linear slide rail 3 is realized. The operator only needs to manually control the retreat handle 522 to quickly realize the meshing or separation of the retreat rack 2 and the fixed rack 1, and the operation is simple and fast. At the same time, the design of the locking piece 6 effectively prevents the misoperation of the retreat rod 52, and improves the reliability of the retreat. The whole device has compact structure, small machining amount and easy maintenance, and greatly improves the operation efficiency and machining precision of the tailstock 4.

[0048] The implementation principle of the rack retreat device for the machine tool tailstock in the embodiment 1 is as follows: when the tailstock 4 needs to be retreated, that is, the retreat rack 2 needs to be meshed with the fixed rack 1; at this time, the operator holds the handle to control the first limiting block 64 to move away from the retreat rod 52, and the elastic action of the retreat spring 53 in the compressed state pushes the retreat rod 52 close to the fixed rack 1, and finally the retreat rack 2 contacts the fixed rack 1, and the tailstock 4 is moved back and forth in the horizontal direction, so that the retreat rack 2 is smoothly meshed with the fixed rack 1, and the retreat spring 53 is still in the compressed state.

[0049] When the tailstock 4 needs to be moved, that is, the retreat rack 2 needs to be separated from the fixed rack 1; at this time, the operator holds the retreat handle 522 to lift the retreat rod 52 upward, and when the pre-set groove 521 on the retreat rod 52 is aligned with the first limiting block 64, the elastic action of the first locking spring 63 in the compressed state pushes the locking rod close to the retreat rod 52, so that the one end of the first limiting block 64 close to the retreat rod 52 is smoothly inserted into the pre-set groove 521 on the retreat rod 52, and at this time, the retreat rod 52 abuts against the first limiting block 64 and cannot be lowered, and the retreat rack 2 and the fixed rack 1 are stably separated.

[0050] The convenient retreat of the tailstock 4 is realized, the operation process is simplified, the retreat reliability is improved, and the machining amount and the operation complexity are reduced.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiments is that:

[0053] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the tooth gap of the fixed rack 1 is oriented horizontally, which can better adapt to the movement of the tail frame 4 in the horizontal direction and improve the stability of the retreat stop. The material and fixing method of the fixed rack 1 are the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiments, which ensures its firmness and reliability.

[0054] According to the orientation of the tooth gap of the fixed rack 1, the structure of the driving assembly 5 is formulated accordingly, which is specifically described as follows.

[0055] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the driving assembly 5 includes a driving seat 51 and a retreat stop rod 52; the driving seat 51 is installed on the tail frame 4 by bolts, and the retreat stop rod 52 is arranged at the end of the driving seat 51 away from the tail frame 4. In this embodiment, the end of the driving seat 51 close to the retreat stop rod 52 is arranged by giving way, and the retreat stop rod 52 is vertically arranged. The top of the retreat stop rod 52 is also provided with a retreat stop handle 522. The shape and material of the retreat stop handle 522 are the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the surface can be provided with anti-slip lines to increase the comfort and safety of holding.

[0056] The end of the retreat stop rod 52 close to the fixed rack 1 is connected with the retreat stop rack 2, and the retreat stop rod 52 moves horizontally to enable the retreat stop rack 2 to engage with the fixed rack 1.

[0057] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the locking member 6 includes a second locking seat 65. The second locking seat 65 is vertically installed on the driving seat 51 and extends downward along the vertical direction. One end of the retreat spring 53 is fixed to the end of the retreat stop rod 52 away from the retreat stop rack 2 by gluing, and the other end of the retreat spring 53 is fixed to the extension of the second locking seat 65 by gluing. Meanwhile, a bolt is arranged on the second locking seat 65, and the retreat spring 53 is sleeved on the bolt.

[0058] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the locking member 6 further includes a second locking rod 66 and a second locking spring 67. The end of the second locking seat 65 away from the tail frame 4 is horizontally fixed with a mounting plate 651 by bolts. One end of the second locking rod 66 penetrates the mounting plate 651, and the other end penetrates the driving seat 51. The second locking spring 67 is sleeved on the second locking rod 66, and the two ends of the second locking spring 67 abut against the mounting plate 651 and the driving seat 51, respectively. The end of the second locking rod 66 away from the driving seat 51 is fixed with a handle by gluing, which limits the second locking rod 66 from being separated downward from the mounting plate 651.

[0059] Referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 One of the connecting rods 511 is integrally formed with a locking plate 512, which has a locking hole 5122. The second locking spring 67 allows the second locking rod 66 to be inserted into the locking hole 5122 to limit the movement of the locking plate 512 and the connecting rod 511. The end of the second locking rod 66 near the locking hole 5122 is arc-shaped to facilitate smooth insertion into the locking hole 5122 and improve the reliability of the locking.

[0060] The connecting rods 511 are arranged in parallel to each other, which enhances the stability of the stop rack 2. The material and size of the connecting rods 511 can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different tailstock 4 models and specifications.

[0061] When the tailstock 4 needs to be stopped, the stop rack 2 needs to be engaged with the fixed rack 1. At this time, the operator holds the handle to move the second locking rod 66 upward and out of the locking hole 5122. At this time, the locking plate 512 and the connecting rod 511 lose the limiting of the second locking rod, and under the elastic action of the compressed stop spring 53, the stop rod 52 moves with the stop rack 2 to the fixed rack 1 to make the stop rack 2 contact the fixed rack 1. The tailstock 4 is moved back and forth in the horizontal direction, so that the stop rack 2 is smoothly engaged with the fixed rack 1. At this time, the stop spring 53 is still in the compressed state

[0062] When the tailstock 4 needs to be moved, the stop rack 2 needs to be separated from the fixed rack 1. At this time, the operator holds the stop handle 522 to move the stop rod 52 away from the fixed rack 1. When the locking hole 5122 is aligned with the second locking rod 66, the second locking rod 66 is inserted into the locking hole 5122 under the elastic action of the compressed second locking spring 67. The second locking rod 66 abuts against the locking plate 512 to limit the position of the locking plate 512 and the connecting rod 511, achieving stable separation of the stop rack 2 and the fixed rack 1.

[0063] The convenient stop of the tailstock 4 is achieved, which simplifies the operation process, improves the stop reliability, and reduces the processing amount and operation complexity.

[0064] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes made on the basis of the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rack retreat-stop device for a machine tool ram, characterized by: The utility model provides a fixed rack (1) and retreat stop rack (2) are included, the fixed rack (1) is fixed on slide rail (3), retreat stop rack (2) is arranged on tailstock (4), drive assembly (5) is provided on tailstock (4) and is connected with retreat stop rack (2), to drive retreat stop rack (2) and fixed rack (1) mesh or separate;The drive assembly (5) includes drive seat (51), retreat stop rod (52) and locking piece (6), drive seat (51) is installed on tailstock (4), retreat stop rod (52) is movably arranged on drive seat (51), retreat stop rod (52) is connected with retreat stop rack (2) on the end close to fixed rack (1), retreat stop rod (52) is active on drive seat (51) to control retreat stop rack (2) close or away from fixed rack (1);Retreat stop spring (53) is provided on retreat stop rod (52), retreat stop rod (52) utilizes retreat stop spring (53) and retreat stop rack (2) and fixed rack (1) mesh;Locking piece (6) is installed on drive seat (51), to limit retreat stop rod (52) to the direction of moving close to fixed rack (1).

2. The rack retreat-stop device for a machine tool ram according to claim 1, characterized by: A plurality of connecting rods (511) are arranged between the retreat stop rack (2) and the drive seat (51), both ends of the connecting rod (511) are rotatably connected to the retreat stop rack (2) and the drive seat (51), and the plurality of connecting rods (511) are arranged in parallel with each other.

3. The rack retreat-stop device for a machine tool ram according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooth opening of the fixed rack (1) faces in the vertical direction, the retreat stop spring (53) is sleeved on the retreat stop rod (52), both ends of the retreat stop spring (53) abut against the drive seat (51) and the retreat stop rack (2) respectively, the locking piece (6) includes a first locking seat (61), a first locking rod (62), and a first locking spring (63), the first locking seat (61) is installed on the drive seat (51), the first locking rod (62) is arranged through the first locking seat (61) and is movably arranged horizontally, the first locking spring (63) is sleeved on the first locking rod (62), one end of the first locking rod (62) close to the retreat stop rod (52) is provided with a first limiting block (64), both ends of the first locking spring (63) abut against the first locking seat (61) and the first limiting block (64) respectively, the first limiting block (64) can be inserted into a pre-designed groove (521) of the retreat stop rod (52) to limit the retreat stop rod (52) and separate the retreat stop rack (2) from the fixed rack (1).

4. The rack retreat-stop device for a machine tool ram according to claim 2, characterized by: The tooth opening of the fixed rack (1) is horizontally oriented; the locking member (6) comprises a second locking seat (65), a second locking rod (66) and a second locking spring (67), the second locking seat (65) is vertically installed on the driving seat (51), one end of the second locking seat (65) away from the tailstock (4) is provided with a mounting plate (651) horizontally, one end of the second locking rod (66) penetrates through the mounting plate (651), the other end penetrates through the driving seat (51), the second locking spring (67) is sleeved on the second locking rod (66), and the two ends of the second locking spring (67) are respectively abutted against the mounting plate (651) and the driving seat (51); one of the connecting rods (511) is provided with a locking plate (512), the locking plate (512) is provided with a locking hole (5122), the second locking spring (67) can enable the second locking rod (66) to be inserted into the locking hole (5122), so as to limit the movement of the locking plate (512) and the connecting rod (511); the retreat spring (53) is located at one end of the retreat rod (52) away from the retreat rack (2), one end of the retreat spring (53) abuts against the retreat rod (52), and the other end abuts against the second locking seat (65).

5. The rack retainer device for a machine tool ram according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the second locking rod (66) close to the locking hole (5122) is provided with an arc surface.

6. The rack retainer device for a machine tool ram according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retreat rod (52) is provided with a retreat handle (522) at one end away from the retreat rack (2).

7. The rack retreat-stop device for a machine tool ram according to claim 6, characterized in that: The retreat handle (522) is provided with a retreat washer (523) at one end close to the retreat rod (52).

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