Central driving box of new energy heavy truck

Abstract

A new energy heavy truck central driving box comprises a motor, an input shaft, an intermediate shaft meshed with the input shaft and an output shaft, and is characterized by further comprising a single-stage planet row, a first gear shifting assembly and a second gear shifting assembly, the intermediate shaft and the input shaft are parallel and symmetrically distributed with the input shaft as the center, and a planet carrier of the single-stage planet row and the output shaft are coaxially fixed; the single-stage planet row is connected with the input shaft or the intermediate shaft along with gear shifting of the first gear shifting assembly, the single-stage planet row forms high-torque low-speed or low-torque high-speed output along with gear shifting of the second gear shifting assembly, and the input shaft, the single-stage planet row and the output shaft are coaxially aligned from front to back. The power requirements of the heavy truck under various working conditions such as light load, heavy load, flat road and ramp are met, the torque load of a single shaft is reduced, the transmission efficiency is improved, redundant design is formed by multiple intermediate shafts, the failure risk of a gearbox is reduced, the structural compactness of the driving box is improved, and the driving box is matched with chassis arrangement of a new energy heavy truck.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a new energy heavy truck central drive box and gear shifting control method thereof, belong to new energy heavy truck technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] The "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)" clearly proposes to "accelerate the electrification process of heavy commercial vehicles", and promote the upgrading of electric drive systems to high power density and high reliability. Medium and heavy trucks need to provide high driving torque in the constant torque area and high speed in the constant power area to meet the requirements of vehicle acceleration, climbing and other requirements. Therefore, as a relatively high load torque requirement, and focusing on the economy of medium and heavy truck models, the motor + gearbox is generally used as a pure electric power transmission system technical solution to meet the vehicle's demand for speed range and torque capacity. Currently, commercial vehicle electrification is significantly lagging behind the passenger car industry in terms of transmission efficiency, integration, and weight reduction. The main problems of heavy commercial vehicle electrification are as follows:

[0003] 1. Most of the current commercial vehicles use single motor drive, and the main problem of single motor commercial vehicle is its endurance, which cannot meet the long-distance demand of commercial vehicles, which is directly related to transmission efficiency. Therefore, the improvement of transmission efficiency is particularly important for the commercial vehicle electrification industry.

[0004] 2. The existing structure configuration can only meet the operating scene with small slope and good road conditions, but due to complex terrain and diversified working conditions, new energy heavy trucks still face problems such as insufficient adaptability of transmission system and high energy consumption in mountain transportation, mine operation and other scenes.

[0005] 3. The pure electric drive form and single axle drive form are mainly composed of one motor, multi-gear gearbox, transmission shaft and other mechanical components, which will occupy a large internal space. Moreover, due to the use of single motor in large commercial vehicles, a large power unit is required, and the quality is very large. The size of the electric drive system with large power and large torque is large, which is not conducive to the layout of the heavy truck chassis.

[0006] 4. The existing multi-gear transmission adopts a single intermediate shaft, and the main box output shaft driven gear and the intermediate shaft driving gear are arranged in series one by one. The single shaft torque load is large, and there is a risk of transmission failure that causes the transmission to work effectively. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0007] The new energy heavy truck central drive box provided by the utility model realizes power multi-gear output through power input end and output end speed change combination, meets the power demand of heavy truck in various working conditions such as vehicle light load, heavy load, flat road, ramp and the like, effectively guarantees that the motor operates in the high efficiency interval under various working conditions, realizes better economy, forms multi-intermediate shaft load sharing, reduces single shaft torque load, improves transmission efficiency, the multi-intermediate shaft forms redundancy design, reduces the failure risk of the gearbox, improves the axial and radial space utilization rate of the drive box, improves the structural compactness of the drive box, and is suitable for new energy heavy truck chassis layout.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme of:

[0009] The new energy heavy truck central drive box, including motor, input shaft connected with the motor, intermediate shaft engaged with the input shaft and output shaft, characterized by: further including single-stage planetary row, gear shifting assembly one assembled at the input end of the single-stage planetary row and gear shifting assembly two assembled on the output shaft, the intermediate shaft is parallel with the input shaft and is symmetrically distributed with the input shaft as the center, the planet carrier of the single-stage planetary row is coaxially fixed with the output shaft, the single-stage planetary row is connected with the input shaft or the intermediate shaft through gear shifting of the gear shifting assembly one, the single-stage planetary row forms high-torque low-speed or low-torque high-speed output through gear shifting of the gear shifting assembly two, the input shaft, the single-stage planetary row and the output shaft are coaxially aligned from front to back.

[0010] Preferably, the sun gear in the single-stage planetary row is coaxially aligned with the input shaft, the gear shifting assembly one is coaxially fixed with the sun gear, and the sun gear is connected with the input shaft or the intermediate shaft through gear shifting of the gear shifting assembly one.

[0011] Preferably, the number of the intermediate shafts is two, the front end of the output shaft is fixedly connected with the planet carrier, and the rear end passes out of the gear ring of the single-stage planetary row.

[0012] Preferably, the gear shifting assembly two is fixedly connected with the ring gear and the drive box shell respectively, the gear ring is locked by the drive box shell or is locked as a whole with the planet carrier through gear shifting of the gear shifting assembly two.

[0013] Preferably, the input gear is coaxially fixed on the input shaft, the constant meshing gear and the low-speed driving gear are coaxially fixed on the intermediate shaft, the constant meshing gear is engaged with the input gear, and the low-speed driving gear is engaged with the gear shifting assembly one.

[0014] Preferably, the high-speed gear is coaxially fixed on the input shaft, the gear shifting assembly one includes the gear shifting gear one coaxially fixed with the sun gear, the gear shifting gear sleeve one movably assembled on the gear shifting gear one in the axial direction, and the low-speed driven gear rotatably assembled on the sun gear shaft through the idle sleeve, the low-speed driving gear is engaged with the low-speed driven gear, the gear shifting gear sleeve one is located between the high-speed gear and the low-speed driven gear, the gear shifting gear sleeve one is combined with the high-speed gear through left movement, and is combined with the low-speed driven gear through right movement.

[0015] Preferably, the second shift assembly comprises a shift gear two fixed coaxially on the output shaft through a bearing, a shift sleeve two movably mounted on the shift gear two in the axial direction, a lock gear fixed on the drive box shell and a combination lock gear fixed coaxially on the output shaft, the shift gear two is located between the lock gear and the combination lock gear, the shift sleeve two moves to the left to lock the ring gear on the drive box shell in combination with the lock gear, and moves to the right to lock the ring gear as a whole with the planet carrier in combination with the combination lock gear.

[0016] The utility model has the advantages of:

[0017] The single-stage planetary row is directly connected with the input shaft through the first shift assembly or indirectly connected with the input shaft through the intermediate shaft, the speed change of the power input end is formed, the high-torque low-speed or low-short high-speed output is formed through the second shift assembly, the speed change of the power output end is formed, the power multi-gear output is realized through the speed change combination of the power input end and the output end, the power demand of the heavy truck under various working conditions such as light load, heavy load, flat road and slope is met, different power gears can be selected according to the driving working condition of the vehicle, the climbing efficiency is improved, the energy consumption under high-speed working condition is reduced, one motor multi-gear speed change is formed, the number of motors is reduced compared with the scheme of multi-motor multi-gear speed change, so that the overall weight of the drive box is reduced, the self-load energy consumption is reduced, and the endurance is improved; under the premise of ensuring the power performance of the vehicle, the output torque is output according to the working condition, the motors are effectively ensured to operate in the high-efficiency interval under various working conditions, and better economy is realized; the multiple intermediate shafts are symmetrically arranged, multiple intermediate shaft load balancing is formed, the single-shaft torque load is reduced, the transmission efficiency is improved, the multiple intermediate shafts form a redundant design, the effective output of power can still be guaranteed under single-shaft failure, the failure risk of the transmission box is reduced, the input shaft, the single-stage planetary row and the output shaft are coaxially aligned from front to back, the first shift assembly is mounted on the single-stage planetary row, the second shift assembly is mounted on the output shaft, the arrangement of the single-stage planetary row rear motor front is formed, the axial space utilization rate of the drive box is improved, the arrangement of the multiple intermediate shafts and the planetary row improves the radial space utilization rate of the drive box, so that the compactness of the drive box is improved, and the new energy heavy truck chassis arrangement is adapted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the new energy heavy truck central drive box.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the one-gear transmission of the new energy heavy truck central drive box.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the two-gear transmission of the new energy heavy truck central drive box.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-gear transmission of the new energy heavy truck central drive box.

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic view of a four-gear transmission of a new energy heavy truck central drive box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below. Figures 1-5 The embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below.

[0024] The new energy heavy truck central drive box comprises a motor 1, an input shaft 2 connected with the motor 1, an intermediate shaft 3 engaged with the input shaft 2, and an output shaft 4, characterized in that it further comprises a single-stage planetary gear set 5, a gear shifting assembly one 6 assembled on the input end of the single-stage planetary gear set 5, and a gear shifting assembly two 7 assembled on the output shaft 4, the intermediate shaft 3 is parallel to the input shaft 2 and symmetrically distributed with the input shaft 2 as the center, the planetary carrier 51 of the single-stage planetary gear set 5 is coaxially fixed with the output shaft 4, the single-stage planetary gear set 5 is connected with the input shaft 2 or the intermediate shaft 3 through gear shifting of the gear shifting assembly one 6, the single-stage planetary gear set 5 forms high-torque low-speed or low-torque high-speed output through gear shifting of the gear shifting assembly two 7, and the input shaft 2, the single-stage planetary gear set 5, and the output shaft 4 are coaxially aligned from front to back.

[0025] The new energy heavy truck central drive box described above, the single-stage planetary gear set 5 is directly connected with the input shaft 2 through the gear shifting assembly one 6 or indirectly connected with the input shaft 2 through the intermediate shaft 4, forms speed change of the power input end, and forms speed change of the power output end through the gear shifting assembly two 7 to form high-torque low-speed or low-torque high-speed output, realizes power multi-gear output through speed change combination of the power input end and the output end, meets the power demand of the heavy truck under various working conditions such as light load, heavy load, flat road, and slope, can select different power gears according to the driving working condition of the vehicle, improves the climbing efficiency, reduces the energy consumption under high-speed working condition, forms a multi-gear speed change of one motor, reduces the number of motors compared with the multi-gear speed change of multiple motors, thereby reducing the overall weight of the drive box, reducing the self-load energy consumption, improving the endurance, under the premise of ensuring the power performance of the vehicle, outputting the torque according to the working condition, effectively ensuring that the motor operates in the high-efficiency interval under various working conditions, and achieving better economy; the symmetric arrangement of multiple intermediate shafts forms multiple intermediate shaft load balancing, reduces the single-shaft torque load, improves the transmission efficiency, the multiple intermediate shafts form a redundant design, can still guarantee the effective output of power under single-shaft failure, reduces the failure risk of the transmission box, the input shaft 2, the single-stage planetary gear set 5, and the output shaft 4 are coaxially aligned from front to back, the gear shifting assembly one 6 is assembled on the single-stage planetary gear set 5, the gear shifting assembly two 7 is assembled on the output shaft 4, the single-stage planetary gear set 5 is arranged behind the motor 1 and in front of the gear shifting assembly one 6, improves the axial space utilization rate of the drive box, the arrangement of multiple intermediate shafts and planetary gears improves the radial space utilization rate of the drive box, thereby improving the compactness of the structure of the drive box, and adapting to the layout of the new energy heavy truck chassis.

[0026] The sun gear 52 in the single-stage planetary gear set 5 is coaxially aligned with the input shaft 2, the shift assembly one 6 is coaxially fixed with the sun gear 52, and the sun gear 52 is connected with the input shaft 2 or the intermediate shaft 3 along with the shifting of the shift assembly one 6. The shifting of the shift assembly one 6 directly connects the sun gear 52 with the input shaft 2, and the input shaft 2 directly transmits the power of the motor 1 to the single-stage planetary gear set 5, or connects the sun gear 52 with the intermediate shaft 3, forming an indirect connection between the sun gear 5 and the input shaft 2 through the intermediate shaft 3, and the power of the motor 1 is transmitted to the single-stage planetary gear set 5 after being reduced in speed and increased in torque through the gear matching between the input shaft 2 and the intermediate shaft 3. Therefore, when the sun gear 52 is directly connected with the input shaft 2, the power transmitted to the single-stage planetary gear set 5 has a greater speed and a smaller torque, and when the sun gear 52 is indirectly connected with the input shaft 2 through the intermediate shaft 3, the power transmitted to the single-stage planetary gear set 5 has a smaller speed and a greater torque. Therefore, the shifting of the shift assembly one 6 can realize the speed change of the power input end.

[0027] The number of the intermediate shaft 3 is two, the output shaft 4 is fixedly connected with the planetary carrier 51 at the front end and passes out of the ring gear 53 of the single-stage planetary gear set 5 at the rear end. The two intermediate shafts 3 are equally loaded, reducing the single-shaft torque load, improving the transmission efficiency, and forming a redundant design to ensure effective power output when a single shaft fails, reducing the risk of gearbox failure. At the same time, by controlling the number of intermediate shafts 3, the weight of the drive box can be controlled to avoid excessive load and increased energy consumption due to too many intermediate shafts 3. The output shaft 4 is fixedly connected with the planetary carrier and passes out of the ring gear 53, which can reduce the axial space occupation and improve the structural compactness, thereby reducing the axial size of the drive box.

[0028] The shift assembly two 7 is fixedly connected with the ring gear 53 and the drive box housing 8, respectively. The ring gear 53 is locked by the drive box housing 8 or locked as a whole with the planetary carrier 51 along with the shifting of the shift assembly two 7. When the ring gear 53 is locked by the drive box housing 8, the power of the single-stage planetary gear set 5 is input from the sun gear, reduced in speed through the cooperation of the planetary gear, the planetary carrier and the ring gear, and then output through the planetary carrier 51, forming a low-speed high-torque power output. When the ring gear 53 is locked as a whole with the planetary carrier 51, the planetary gear directly drives the ring gear and the planetary carrier to rotate synchronously, forming a high-speed low-torque direct drive power output. Therefore, the shifting of the shift assembly two 7 forms a high-speed low-torque or low-speed high-torque power output of the single-stage planetary gear set 5, realizing the speed change of the power output end.

[0029] The input shaft 2 is coaxially fixed with the input gear 21, the intermediate shaft 3 is coaxially fixed with the constant mesh gear 31 and the low-speed driving gear 32, the constant mesh gear 31 meshes with the input gear 21, and the low-speed driving gear 32 meshes with the shift assembly 6. The gear of the intermediate shaft 3 and the input shaft 2 forms power reduction for the input end. When the shift assembly 6 shifts the sun gear 52 to be connected with the intermediate shaft 3, the power of the input shaft 2 is transmitted to the sun gear through the input gear 21, the constant mesh gear 31, the low-speed driving gear 32 and the shift assembly 6, and the power is reduced during the transmission. When the shift assembly 6 shifts the sun gear 52 to be directly connected with the input shaft 2, the power of the input shaft 2 is directly transmitted to the sun gear 52 without reduction.

[0030] The input shaft 2 is coaxially fixed with the high-speed gear 22, the shift assembly 6 includes the shift gear 61 coaxially fixed with the sun gear 52, the shift sleeve 62 movably assembled on the shift gear 61 along the axial direction, and the low-speed driven gear 63 rotatably assembled on the sun gear 52 through the idle sleeve, the low-speed driving gear 32 meshes with the low-speed driven gear 63, the shift sleeve 62 is located between the high-speed gear 22 and the low-speed driven gear 63, the shift sleeve 62 moves to the left to combine with the high-speed gear 22, and moves to the right to combine with the low-speed driven gear 63. When the shift sleeve 62 combines with the high-speed gear 22, the input shaft 2 directly drives the sun gear 52 to rotate, and the power is not transmitted through the intermediate shaft. When the shift sleeve 62 combines with the low-speed driven gear 63, the power of the input shaft 2 is transmitted to the shift sleeve 62, the shift gear 61 and the sun gear 52 through the input gear 21, the constant mesh gear 31, the low-speed driving gear 32 and the low-speed driven gear 63, and the power is reduced through the intermediate shaft. The power transmitted to the sun gear 52 has a higher speed and a higher torque.

[0031] The shift assembly two 7 comprises a shift gear two 71 fixed on the output shaft 4 through a bearing and coaxially fixed with the ring gear 53, a shift sleeve two 72 movably arranged on the shift gear two 71 in the axial direction, a lock gear 73 fixed on the drive case 8, and a combination lock gear 74 coaxially fixed on the output shaft 4. The shift gear two 71 is located between the lock gear 73 and the combination lock gear 74. The shift sleeve two 72 moves to the left to combine with the lock gear 73 to lock the ring gear 53 on the drive case 8, and moves to the right to combine with the combination lock gear 74 to lock the ring gear 53 and the planet carrier 51 as a whole. When the shift sleeve two 72 combines with the lock gear 73 to lock the ring gear 53, the power of the single-stage planetary gear set 5 is input from the sun gear 52 to the planet carrier 21 to form a large speed ratio deceleration and increase the torque, and form a low-speed high-torque output of the power. When the shift sleeve two 72 combines with the combination lock gear 74 to lock the planet carrier 52 and the ring gear 53 as a whole, the power of the single-stage planetary gear set 5 is input from the sun gear 52 to directly drive the ring gear and the planet carrier to rotate synchronously, only forming a small speed ratio deceleration between the sun gear and the planet gear, and forming a high-speed low-torque output of the power.

[0032] As Figure 1As shown, the initial position of the shift sleeve one 62 is not combined with the high speed gear 22 and the low speed passive gear 63, at this time the shift sleeve one 62 is in the neutral position, the input shaft 2 is separated from the sun gear 52, the power of the input shaft 2 cannot be transmitted to the sun gear, and the power output cannot be formed, the initial position of the shift sleeve two 72 is not combined with the high speed gear 22 and the low speed passive gear 63, at this time the shift sleeve two 72 is in the neutral position, since the gear ring 53 is fixed with the shift gear two 72 and the shift gear two 71 can rotate on the output shaft 4, if the sun gear 52 drives the planetary gear to move, since the gear ring 53 can rotate relative to the output shaft 4, the planetary gear can only rotate by itself and cannot drive the planet carrier 51 to rotate, the power of the sun gear 52 cannot be transmitted to the output shaft 4, and the power output cannot be formed, so the shift assembly one 6 and the shift assembly two 7 are in the neutral position without power output; When the shift sleeve one 62 is combined with the low speed passive gear 63 and the shift sleeve two 72 is combined with the locking gear 73, at this time the power of the motor 1 is input to the sun gear after being reduced by the cooperation of the input shaft and the intermediate shaft, and is input to the output shaft 4 after being reduced by the large speed ratio of the single-stage planetary gear set 5, the output shaft 4 has the lowest speed and the highest torque, forming a first gear power, which is suitable for heavy truck heavy load slope working condition; When the shift sleeve one 62 is combined with the low speed passive gear 63 and the shift sleeve two 72 is combined with the combined locking gear 74, at this time the power of the motor is input to the sun gear after being reduced by the cooperation of the input shaft and the intermediate shaft, since the gear ring and the planet carrier are locked as a whole, the power is directly input to the output shaft 4 after being reduced by the small speed ratio between the sun gear and the planetary gear, the output shaft 4 has a higher speed and a lower torque than the first gear power, forming a second gear power, which is suitable for heavy truck heavy load flat road working condition; When the shift gear one 62 is combined with the high speed gear 22 and the shift sleeve two 72 is combined with the locking gear 73, at this time the power of the motor 1 is directly transmitted to the sun gear through the input shaft 2, and is input to the output shaft 4 after being reduced by the large speed ratio of the single-stage planetary gear set 5, the output shaft 4 has a higher speed and a higher torque than the second gear power, forming a third gear power, which is suitable for heavy truck light load slope working condition; When the shift gear one 62 is combined with the high speed gear 22 and the shift sleeve two 72 is combined with the combined locking gear 74, at this time the power of the motor is directly transmitted to the sun gear through the input shaft 2, since the gear ring and the planet carrier are locked as a whole, the power is directly input to the output shaft 4 after being reduced by the small speed ratio between the sun gear and the planetary gear, the output shaft 4 has a higher speed and a lower torque than the third gear power, forming a fourth gear power, which is suitable for heavy truck light load flat road working condition, meeting the power demand of heavy truck in various working conditions such as light load, heavy load, flat road and slope, different power gears can be selected according to the driving condition of the vehicle, the climbing efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption in high speed working condition is reduced.

[0033] The technical scheme of the embodiments of the utility model is completely described above in combination with the drawings, and it needs to be indicated that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without making creative labor all belong to the protection range of the utility model.

Claims

1. A new energy heavy truck central drive box, comprising a motor, an input shaft connected with the motor, an intermediate shaft engaged with the input shaft, and an output shaft, characterized in that: The single-stage planetary gear train, the shift assembly one assembled on the input shaft and the shift assembly two assembled on the output shaft, the intermediate shafts parallel to the input shaft and symmetrically distributed around the input shaft, the planet carrier of the single-stage planetary gear train coaxially fixed on the output shaft, the single-stage planetary gear train connected with the input shaft or the intermediate shaft through the shift of the shift assembly one, the single-stage planetary gear train forming high-torque low-speed or low-torque high-speed output through the shift of the shift assembly two, and the input shaft, the single-stage planetary gear train and the output shaft coaxially aligned from front to back.

2. The new energy heavy truck central drive box of claim 1, characterized in that: The sun gear in the single-stage planetary gear train coaxially aligned with the input shaft, the shift assembly one coaxially fixed on the sun gear, and the sun gear connected with the input shaft or the intermediate shaft through the shift of the shift assembly one.

3. The new energy heavy truck central drive box of claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the intermediate shafts is two, the front end of the output shaft fixedly connected with the planet carrier, and the rear end passing through the ring gear of the single-stage planetary gear train.

4. The new energy heavy truck central drive box of claim 2, characterized in that: The shift assembly two fixedly connected with the ring gear and the driving box shell, the ring gear locked by the driving box shell or integrated with the planet carrier through the shift of the shift assembly two.

5. The new energy heavy truck central drive box of claim 1, wherein: The input gear coaxially fixed on the input shaft, the constant meshing gear and the low-speed driving gear coaxially fixed on the intermediate shaft, the constant meshing gear meshing with the input gear, and the low-speed driving gear meshing with the shift assembly one.

6. The new energy heavy truck central drive box of claim 5, characterized in that: The high-speed gear coaxially fixed on the input shaft, the shift assembly one including the shift gear one coaxially fixed on the sun gear, the shift sleeve one axially movable and assembled on the shift gear one, and the low-speed driven gear rotatably assembled on the sun gear through the idle sleeve, the low-speed driving gear meshing with the low-speed driven gear, the shift sleeve one located between the high-speed gear and the low-speed driven gear, the shift sleeve one combined with the high-speed gear through left movement and combined with the low-speed driven gear through right movement.

7. The new energy heavy truck central drive box of claim 6, characterized in that: The shift assembly two including the shift gear two coaxially fixed on the output shaft through the bearing and fixed on the ring gear, the shift sleeve two axially movable and assembled on the shift gear two, the locking gear fixed on the driving box shell, and the combination locking gear coaxially fixed on the output shaft, the shift gear two located between the locking gear and the combination locking gear, the shift sleeve two combined with the locking gear to lock the ring gear on the driving box shell through left movement, and the shift sleeve two combined with the combination locking gear to integrate the ring gear with the planet carrier through right movement.

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