HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charging and discharging detection device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of capacitance detection, and relates to an HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charging and discharging detection device. The device comprises a C + wiring terminal, a C-wiring terminal, an I + wiring terminal, an ammeter, a voltmeter and a timer. The I + wiring terminal is connected with the C + wiring terminal through the charging switch and the diverter in sequence, the charging switch and the diverter are connected with the C-wiring terminal through the discharging switch and the discharging resistor in sequence, the diverter is connected with the ammeter in parallel, the voltmeter is connected with the C + wiring terminal and the C-wiring terminal, and the timer is connected with the voltmeter through the timing selection switch. The C + wiring terminal is used for being connected with the positive electrode of the super capacitor, and the C-wiring terminal is used for being connected with the negative electrode of the super capacitor. According to the utility model, safe detection of current and voltage during charging and discharging of the super capacitor can be realized, synchronous collection of time can be realized, detection of the super capacitor is convenient, and operation is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of capacitance detection technology, and relates to an HXN5B locomotive supercapacitor charging and discharging detection device. Background Technology

[0002] The HXN5B diesel locomotive, as a crucial power source in modern railway transportation, prioritizes performance and safety. A 105F supercapacitor is specially configured in the locomotive's low-voltage electrical cabinet. This supercapacitor not only possesses exceptional energy storage capacity but also boasts a maximum discharge current of an astonishing 600A, providing stable and powerful electrical support for starting the locomotive's diesel engine. However, in practical applications, testing the capacity of such a high-performance supercapacitor has proven to be a challenge.

[0003] Currently, there are few capacitance testing devices available on the market specifically designed for such high-specification supercapacitors, making it difficult to accurately test 105F supercapacitors. Because there is no dedicated testing equipment for supercapacitors, indirect measurements are generally required, typically using charge testing or discharge testing methods. During charge testing, a constant current source is used to charge the capacitor, according to the formula... Find the capacitance. ,in, For current, For charging time, This represents the voltage change. During discharge detection, it is calculated according to the formula... Find the capacitance The value, The measured time constant, The resistor is the capacitor. During the individual discharge operation of the supercapacitor on the HXN5B locomotive, the capacitor's energy is dissipated as heat in the resistor. Above. The electrical connection scheme for supercapacitor testing is as follows:

[0004] Disconnecting the external circuit of the capacitor and then discharging the individual capacitor is not very practical because the casing of the supercapacitor and the support plate of the terminal protective cover are made of metal, and the distance between the support plate and the terminal is close, about 5mm. During operation, it is very easy to cause arcing discharge due to improper use of metal tools.

[0005] Furthermore, the locomotive's electrical cabinet has a compact internal structure with complex and densely packed electrical wiring. In this environment, workers face significant safety hazards such as electric shock and arc burns when testing and wiring supercapacitors. Careless operation could lead to serious accidents, threatening the lives of the workers.

[0006] In summary, the super capacitor on the low-voltage electric appliance cabinet of the HXN5B type diesel locomotive has the problem of inconvenient detection, and the safety of the detection personnel cannot be guaranteed. Content of the utility model

[0007] The utility model discloses a kind of HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charge-discharge detection devices, to solve the technical problems that super capacitor on the low-voltage electric appliance cabinet of the HXN5B type diesel locomotive exists inconvenient detection and detection personnel safety cannot be guaranteed.The utility model can realize the safe detection of current and voltage when super capacitor charges and discharges, can realize the synchronous collection of time, and the detection of super capacitor is convenient, easy to operate.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] 1The utility model discloses a kind of HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charge-discharge detection devices, including C+ connection terminal, C- connection terminal, I+ connection terminal, ammeter, voltmeter and chronograph;

[0010] The I+ connection terminal is connected with C+ connection terminal by charging switch and shunt in turn, C- connection terminal is connected with C+ connection terminal by discharging switch and discharging resistor in turn between charging switch and shunt, shunt is connected with ammeter in parallel, voltmeter is connected with C+ connection terminal and C- connection terminal respectively, chronograph is connected with voltmeter by timing selection switch;

[0011] The C+ connection terminal is used to connect the positive pole of super capacitor, and the C- connection terminal is used to connect the negative pole of super capacitor.

[0012] Further, R+ connection terminal is arranged between the discharging switch and the discharging resistor.

[0013] Further, ammeter, voltmeter and chronograph are connected with working power supply.

[0014] Further, power switch is arranged between ammeter, voltmeter, chronograph and working power supply.

[0015] Further, it further includes charging power supply, I+ connection terminal is connected with the positive pole output end of charging power supply, and C- connection terminal is connected with the negative pole output end of charging power supply.

[0016] Further, the charging power supply is connected with working power supply.

[0017] Further, the charging power supply is external standard current source.

[0018] Further, reverse diode is arranged between I+ connection terminal and charging switch.

[0019] Further, the voltmeter is a voltmeter with upper and lower limit setting functions.

[0020] Further, the timing selection switch comprises a charging timing selection switch and a discharging timing selection switch, and the voltmeter is connected with the timer through the charging timing selection switch and the discharging timing selection switch respectively.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1, the utility model discloses I + wiring terminal connects charging power supply, as the input end of charging current.Charging switch is used for controlling the on-off of charging circuit.Discharge switch is used for controlling the on-off of discharging circuit.Shunt 4 and ammeter 5 combination use, for measuring the current size in the charging or discharging process.Voltmeter is used for measuring the voltage of both ends of super capacitor.Timer is used for recording the time of charging or discharging process.Timing selection switch is used for selecting timer trigger mode (i.e.charging or discharging timing mode).Discharge resistance provides discharge path for super capacitor in the discharging process, for consuming electric energy.C + wiring terminal is used for connecting the positive pole of super capacitor, and the C - wiring terminal is used for connecting the negative pole of super capacitor.The utility model can realize the safe detection of current and voltage when super capacitor charges and discharges, can realize the synchronous collection of time, and the detection of super capacitor is convenient.In addition, the utility model detects after the internal combustion engine electric appliance cabinet is powered off, reduces the long-time detection operation time of detection personnel in the internal combustion engine electric appliance cabinet, simple operation reduces the risk of electric shock and electric arc burn of operating personnel.

[0023] 2, the utility model discloses that R + wiring terminal is arranged between discharge switch and discharge resistance, i.e.discharge resistance is connected into circuit through R + wiring terminal and C - wiring terminal, and the replacement of discharge resistance is facilitated.

[0024] 3, the utility model discloses I + wiring terminal and charging switch between the stop reverse diode, and the stop reverse diode is used for guaranteeing that super capacitor charges normally, prevents super capacitor from attempting to discharge through the path, and simultaneously, if power reverse connection occurs, the stop reverse diode will prevent current from passing through, thereby protecting other elements in the circuit from being damaged, and the safety and reliability thereof are enhanced.

[0025] 4, the utility model discloses that the voltmeter is a voltmeter with upper and lower limit setting functions, and the voltmeter can not only display the current voltage value, but also can set the upper and lower limit threshold value of voltage, to control the start and stop of the timer.When charging, the actual measured voltage value rises to the set lower limit voltage and starts timing, and the voltage continues to rise to the set upper limit voltage and stops timing;When discharging, the actual measured voltage value drops to the set upper limit voltage and starts timing, and the voltage continues to drop to the set lower limit voltage and stops timing, thereby guaranteeing the accuracy of data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is the whole structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 It is the locomotive super capacitor circuit connection drawing.

[0028] Wherein: 1, working power supply;2, charging power supply;3, reverse diode;4, shunt;5, ammeter;6, voltmeter;7, timer;8, timing selection switch;9, discharge switch;10, discharge resistance;11, super capacitor;12, power switch;13, charging switch;14, battery knife switch;15, BESS million switch;16, BESC contactor;17, RT31 diode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the utility model scheme, below, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model, obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all the embodiment. Based on the embodiment in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without making creative labor should belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to the clearly listed steps or units, but can include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0031] The utility model will be described in further detail in conjunction with the drawings as follows:

[0032] Referring to Figure 1 The utility model discloses a HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charging and discharging detection device, including C+ connection terminal, C- connection terminal, I+ connection terminal, ammeter 5, voltmeter 6 and timer 7;

[0033] The I+ terminal is connected to the C+ terminal via the charging switch 13 and the shunt 4. When connected to the charging power supply, the I+ terminal serves as the input terminal for the charging current. The charging switch 13 and the shunt 4 are connected to the C- terminal via the discharge switch 9 and the discharge resistor 10. The shunt 4 is connected in parallel with the ammeter 5. The voltmeter 6 is connected to both the C+ and C- terminals. The timer 7 is connected to the voltmeter 6 via a timing selection switch 8. The ammeter 5 measures the current during charging or discharging. The voltmeter 6 measures the voltage across the supercapacitor. The timer 7 records the charging or discharging time. The charging switch 13 controls the on / off state of the charging circuit. The discharge switch 9 controls the on / off state of the discharging circuit. The discharge resistor 10 provides a discharge path for the supercapacitor during discharging, consuming electrical energy. The shunt 4 and the ammeter 5 are used together to measure the current during charging or discharging. The timing selection switch 8 selects the timer trigger mode (i.e., charging or discharging timing mode).

[0034] The C+ terminal is used to connect to the positive terminal of the supercapacitor 11, and the C- terminal is used to connect to the negative terminal of the supercapacitor 11.

[0035] This invention enables safe detection of current and voltage during the charging and discharging of supercapacitors, and allows for synchronous time data collection, making supercapacitor testing convenient. Furthermore, this invention allows testing to be performed after the locomotive electrical cabinet is powered off, reducing the time required for testing personnel to work inside the cabinet. It is also simple to operate, lowering the risk of electric shock and arc burns to operators.

[0036] The method of using this device during charging detection is as follows:

[0037] Set the timer selection switch 8 to the "charging timer" position;

[0038] Disconnect the discharge switch 9 to ensure the discharge circuit is disconnected; close the charging switch 13, and the charging current flows in through the I+ terminal, passes through the shunt 4 and the ammeter 5, and then flows to the C+ terminal to charge the supercapacitor 11. During this period, the voltmeter 6 measures the voltage across the supercapacitor 11.

[0039] During the charging process, the voltage across the supercapacitor gradually increases. When the voltage reaches the lower limit of the set value, the voltmeter triggers the timer to start timing. When the voltage continues to rise to the upper limit of the set value, the voltmeter sends a command to stop the timer. The value displayed on the timer panel is the time it takes for the supercapacitor to charge from the lower limit to the upper limit of the set voltage.

[0040] The method of using this device for discharge detection is as follows:

[0041] Set timer selection switch 8 to the "Discharge Timer" position;

[0042] Disconnect the charging switch 13, ensure that the charging circuit is disconnected;

[0043] Close the discharge switch 9, so that the super capacitor 11 is discharged through the discharge resistor 10;

[0044] The ammeter 5 measures the size of the discharge current, and the voltmeter 6 measures the voltage across the super capacitor 11;

[0045] During the discharging process, the voltage across the super capacitor gradually decreases, and when the voltage decreases to the upper limit of the set value, the voltmeter triggers the timer to start timing, and when the voltage continues to decrease to the lower limit of the set value, the voltmeter sends a command to stop the timer, and the value displayed on the timer panel is the time used by the super capacitor to discharge from the upper limit of the set voltage to the lower limit.

[0046] Example one:

[0047] Referring to Figure 1 , the embodiment discloses a HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charging and discharging detection device, which comprises a C+ connection terminal, a C- connection terminal, an I+ connection terminal, an ammeter 5, a voltmeter 6 and a timer 7;

[0048] The I+ connection terminal is connected to the C+ connection terminal through the charging switch 13 and the shunt 4 in sequence, the C- connection terminal is connected to the C- connection terminal through the discharge switch 9 and the discharge resistor 10 in sequence between the charging switch 13 and the shunt 4, the shunt 4 is connected to the ammeter 5 in parallel, the voltmeter 6 is connected to the C+ connection terminal and the C- connection terminal respectively, and the timer 7 is connected to the voltmeter 6 through the timing selection switch 8.

[0049] The C+ connection terminal is used for connecting the positive electrode of the super capacitor 11, and the C- connection terminal is used for connecting the negative electrode of the super capacitor 11.

[0050] Preferably, an R+ connection terminal is arranged between the discharge switch 9 and the discharge resistor 10, that is, the discharge resistor 10 is connected to the circuit through the R+ connection terminal and the C- connection terminal, so that the discharge resistor 10 is convenient to replace.

[0051] Preferably, the ammeter 5, the voltmeter 6 and the timer 7 are connected to the working power supply 1, and the working power supply 1 supplies power to the ammeter 5, the voltmeter 6 and the timer 7.

[0052] Preferably, a power switch 12 is arranged between the ammeter 5, the voltmeter 6 and the timer 7 and the working power supply 1.

[0053] Preferably, the charging power supply 2 is connected to the working power supply 1.

[0054] Preferably, the charging power supply 2 is connected to the working power supply 1.

[0055] Preferably, the charging power supply 2 is an external standard current source for providing stable power supply for the super capacitor 11.

[0056] Preferably, a reverse prevention diode 3 is arranged between the I+ terminal and the charging switch 13, when the charging switch 13 is closed, the current charges the super capacitor 11 through the reverse prevention diode 3.

[0057] Preferably, the voltmeter 6 is a voltmeter with upper and lower limit setting function, which can not only display the current voltage value, but also set the upper and lower limit threshold of the voltage to control the start and stop of the timer.

[0058] Preferably, the timing selection switch 8 includes a charging timing selection switch and a discharging timing selection switch, and the voltmeter 6 is connected to the timer 7 through the charging timing selection switch and the discharging timing selection switch respectively.

[0059] Embodiment Two:

[0060] The embodiment discloses a HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charging and discharging detection device.

[0061] 1、Further analysis of the technical problems to be solved by the utility model:

[0062] From the basic formula of the capacitor , it can be deduced that Here, the super capacitor is charged by constant current, and the capacity of the super capacitor can be calculated by the change of charging time and charging voltage ; or a discharging scheme can be used, that is, the resistance of the super capacitor discharging loop is constant, the time required for the capacitor to start discharging to the voltage drop to 36.8% of the starting voltage is measured, and the capacity of the super capacitor is calculated according to the formula ​ The two schemes both need to measure the voltage and time, and the accuracy of the measurement directly affects the result of the indirect measurement, so the synchronous measurement of the voltage and time needs to be solved.

[0063] 2. Technical solution of the problem.

[0064] The electrical principle diagram and appearance diagram of the super capacitor charging and discharging detection device are shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 1 The wires in the charging circuit and the discharging circuit are all selected as 6mm 2 multi-strand copper wires to reduce the influence of the peripheral facilities on the detection parameters. The device detects the related voltage, current and time by charging and discharging the super capacitor 11, and indirectly obtains the capacitor capacity parameter through formula calculation. The device includes an ammeter 5, a voltmeter 6, a timer 7, a charging switch 13, a discharging switch 9, a reverse diode 3 and other components, and the charging power supply 2 is an external standard current source. The voltmeter 6 is connected between the two ends of the super capacitor 11, so that the voltage of the super capacitor 11 can be correctly displayed and monitored at any time. The voltmeter 6 has an upper and lower limit setting function, which can set the voltage interval according to the needs, so as to drive the timer 7 to automatically time. The timer 7 automatically starts and stops to ensure the timing accuracy. The timer 7 is controlled by the voltmeter 6 and records the time required for the corresponding voltage change. The timing selection switch 8 is used for timing selection of charging and discharging to ensure the logic correctness of the start and stop of the timer. The ammeter 5 is connected in series with the super capacitor circuit through a shunt 4. The current displayed is positive when charging and negative when discharging. The discharging resistor 10 is used to consume the stored energy of the super capacitor 11. The standard current source is an external device, and any general power supply with current value and accuracy meeting the requirements can be used through technical identification. The detection device has four external terminals: C+ terminal, C- terminal, I+ terminal and R+ terminal. The C+ terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the super capacitor 11, the C- terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the super capacitor, that is, the C- terminal is connected to the cathode of the diode 17, the I+ terminal is the positive polarity current terminal of the charging power supply 2, and the R+ terminal and the C- terminal are the connection terminals of the discharging resistor 10.

[0065] 3. Based on the above structure, the use method of the utility model is as follows:

[0066] When the super capacitor 11 is charged, the positive line and the negative line of the super capacitor 11 are connected, the timer selection switch 8 is selected to charge, the upper and lower limits of the voltmeter 6 are set, for example, the upper limit of the voltmeter 6 is set to 35V and the lower limit is set to 30V, the positive and negative output terminals of the external standard charging power supply 2 are connected with the I+ terminal and the C- terminal of the detection device respectively, the standard charging power supply 2 is started to charge the super capacitor 11, for example, the charging current is set to 20A, and the timer 7 automatically records the time interval of the set voltage change during the voltage rising process of the capacitor, for example, the measured time interval is 25.12 seconds, and the capacitor capacity is calculated according to the formula , wherein

[0067] When the super capacitor 11 is discharged, the positive line and the negative line of the super capacitor 11 are connected, the discharge resistance 10 is selected to be a 5Ω high-power resistance, the discharge resistance 10 is connected to the R+ terminal and the C- terminal of the device, the timer selection switch 8 is selected to discharge, the discharge detection starting voltage and the detection end voltage of the voltmeter 6 are set, generally, the end voltage is 36.8% of the starting voltage, the discharge switch 9 on the panel of the device is closed, and the discharge process is started. The timer 7 automatically records the time interval during the voltage decreasing process of the super capacitor 11, and the value of is calculated according to the formula . For example, the upper limit of the set voltage is 35V, and the lower limit is set to 12.88V, which is 35V×0.368=12.88V, and the measured voltage decreasing time is 505.84s, so C=505 / 5=101.17F.

[0068] 4. The wiring principle diagram of the super capacitor of the HXN5B locomotive is measured and drawn, and the electrical connection scheme is designed.

[0069] Referring to Figure 2 , the wiring principle of the super capacitor 11 is measured and drawn on the basis of the electric cabinet, the types of the electrical accessories related to the super capacitor on the electric cabinet are clarified, the logic of the electrical connection is clarified, the electrical principle diagram is drawn, and the electrical principle diagram is shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 2 As can be seen from the electrical principle diagram, when the battery disconnecting switch 14 is in the disconnected position, the BESC contactor 16 has no control power supply, and the BESS multi-switch 15 is in the full disconnected position, that is, the initial state before the electric cabinet of the locomotive is maintained, the super capacitor 11 and the peripheral electrical components including the RT31 diode 17 do not form a discharge circuit, which provides convenience for the design of the discharge circuit, the cathode of the RT31 diode 17 is selected as the negative line connection point of the super capacitor 11, the original connection can not be changed, and the discharge circuit C- terminal is directly connected to the connection column of the cathode of the RT31 diode 17; the positive line connection point is selected to be the positive connection terminal of the battery disconnecting switch 14, that is, the lower left corner terminal of the battery disconnecting switch shown in Figure 2 .

[0070] The utility model discloses according to electrical principle design the layout and circuit course of discharge circuit, avoid all online electrical equipment to produce overvoltage and overcurrent impact, avoid unnecessary big disassembly and big uninstall operation, reduce the abnormal bending of copper row, realize safe discharge.

[0071] Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses detection device is small, simple structure, easy operation, and energy consumption is little, can detect super capacitor charge-discharge voltage and current, with time measurement can complete the indirect measurement of capacitor capacity, and the charging voltage, discharge voltage and timing are automatically synchronized, and the indirect measurement of parameter measurement is more accurate, and it is convenient to carry and use when HXN5B type locomotive is overhauled.

[0072] The above content is only for the technical idea of the utility model, and cannot limit the protection scope of the utility model, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the utility model falls within the protection scope of the utility model claim.

Claims

1. A kind of HXN5B type locomotive supercapacitor charge-discharge detection device, characterized in that, The C+ terminal, the C- terminal, the I+ terminal, the ammeter (5), the voltmeter (6) and the timer (7) are included. The I+ terminal is connected with the C+ terminal through the charging switch (13) and the shunt (4) in sequence, the C- terminal is connected with the charging switch (13) and the shunt (4) through the discharging switch (9) and the discharging resistor (10) in sequence, the shunt (4) is connected with the ammeter (5) in parallel, the voltmeter (6) is connected with the C+ terminal and the C- terminal respectively, and the timer (7) is connected with the voltmeter (6) through the timing selection switch (8). The C+ terminal is used for connecting the positive pole of the super capacitor (11), and the C- terminal is used for connecting the negative pole of the super capacitor (11).

2. The HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charge and discharge detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The R+ terminal is arranged between the discharging switch (9) and the discharging resistor (10).

3. The HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charge and discharge detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ammeter (5), the voltmeter (6) and the timer (7) are connected with the working power supply (1).

4. The HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charge and discharge detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power switch (12) is arranged between the ammeter (5), the voltmeter (6) and the timer (7) and the working power supply (1).

5. The HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charge and discharge detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging power supply (2) is further included, the I+ terminal is connected with the positive output end of the charging power supply (2), and the C- terminal is connected with the negative output end of the charging power supply (2).

6. The HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charge and discharge detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The charging power supply (2) is connected with the working power supply (1).

7. The HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charge and discharge detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The charging power supply (2) is an external standard current source.

8. The HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charge and discharge detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse diode (3) is arranged between the I+ terminal and the charging switch (13).

9. The HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charge and discharge detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltmeter (6) is a voltmeter with upper and lower limit setting functions.

10. The HXN5B type locomotive super capacitor charge and discharge detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The timing selection switch (8) includes a charging timing selection switch and a discharging timing selection switch, and the voltmeter (6) is connected with the timer (7) through the charging timing selection switch and the discharging timing selection switch respectively.

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