Battery box body and battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery box body and a battery, the battery box body comprises a lower box body and an upper cover, and one side of the lower box body is provided with an opening; the upper cover is arranged on the side, with the opening, of the lower box body, a battery mounting cavity is defined by the upper cover and the lower box body, the upper cover comprises a cover plate and a first fixing plate, the cover plate comprises two first composite layers and a first heat preservation layer, the first heat preservation layer is located between the two first composite layers, and the cover plate is embedded in the opening; the first fixing plate is bonded to the edge of the side, away from the lower box body, of the cover plate, and the first fixing plate extends out of the upper cover and is detachably connected with the lower box body. By means of the scheme, the heat insulation structure has enough strength and heat insulation performance, the weight is greatly reduced on the premise that the mechanical property is guaranteed, and the cruising ability of the whole vehicle is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, in particular to a battery box, a thermal management integrated unit and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The battery box is a structure for placing and protecting the battery cells of a new energy vehicle, which is generally divided into a box body and an upper cover, and functions to protect the internal battery cells from being squeezed. In addition to the battery module, the common battery box generally has a high-low voltage wire harness, a high-voltage power-off system, a battery management system and a cooling system, etc.

[0003] The battery box needs to have sufficient strength to protect the battery cells and parts. The upper cover serves as a partition plate between the passenger compartment and the battery pack, and especially for the vehicle models without the floor in the vehicle body, the battery pack upper edge is usually in close contact with the passenger compartment floor, and the carpet and other interior parts in the passenger compartment have a low ignition point, usually at 200-300℃, while the temperature of the battery cells when thermal runaway occurs can usually reach more than 600℃, which is extremely dangerous.

[0004] At the same time, the rapid development of electric vehicles also puts forward higher requirements for the performance of the battery (mileage, safety performance, reliability, etc.). The lightweight of the box structure can effectively improve the mileage of the whole vehicle, but cannot sacrifice the safety performance, so it is necessary to introduce new materials and structures with higher performance to solve the demand.

[0005] The existing battery box is difficult to meet all the above requirements. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present application is to provide a battery box and a battery with sufficient strength and heat insulation performance, which greatly reduces the weight under the premise of ensuring the mechanical performance and guarantees the mileage of the whole vehicle.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, one technical solution adopted by the present application is to provide a battery box, comprising a lower box body and an upper cover, the lower box body has an opening on one side; the upper cover is arranged on the side of the lower box body with the opening, the upper cover and the lower box body jointly form a battery mounting cavity, the upper cover comprises a cover plate and a first fixing plate, the cover plate comprises two layers of first composite layers and a first heat preservation layer, the first heat preservation layer is located between the two layers of first composite layers, the cover plate is embedded in the opening, the first fixing plate is bonded to the edge of the side of the cover plate away from the lower box body, and the first fixing plate extends outward of the upper cover and is detachably connected with the lower box body.

[0008] Preferably, the upper cover further comprises a cross beam, and the cross beam is fixed to the side of the upper cover away from the lower box body.

[0009] Preferably, at least one reinforcing rib is arranged on the cover plate.

[0010] Preferably, the lower box body comprises a frame and a base, and the upper cover and the base are respectively detachably connected to opposite sides of the frame.

[0011] Preferably, the base comprises a bottom plate and a second fixing plate, the bottom plate is embedded in the frame, the second fixing plate is bonded to the edge of the bottom plate away from the frame, and the second fixing plate extends outwardly from the bottom plate and is detachably connected to the frame.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom plate comprises two layers of second composite layers and a second thermal insulation layer, and the second thermal insulation layer is located between the two layers of second composite layers.

[0013] Preferably, the frame comprises a square tube and a reinforcing plate, the square tube is arranged in a rectangular ring shape, the reinforcing plate is arranged in the square tube, and the two ends of the reinforcing plate are respectively connected to the two inner walls of the square tube arranged opposite to each other.

[0014] Preferably, the lower box body further comprises at least one partition plate, one end of the partition plate is fixed to the side of the base facing the upper cover and extends towards the upper cover, and at least one partition plate divides the battery mounting cavity into a plurality of sub-cavities.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the partition plate close to the base is provided with an extension plate, the extension plate is arranged perpendicularly to the partition plate, and the extension plate is bonded to the base.

[0016] To solve the above technical problems, another technical scheme adopted by the present application is to provide a battery comprising the battery box and the battery cell of any one of the embodiments, and the battery cell is arranged in the battery mounting cavity.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are: different from the prior art, the cover plate of the battery box provided by the present application comprises a sandwich structure with a first thermal insulation layer sandwiched between two first composite layers, wherein the first thermal insulation layer can effectively insulate heat when the battery cell loses control, preventing the passenger compartment from catching fire in a short time and giving the passengers time to escape. The first composite layer adopts a high-temperature-resistant material represented by phenolic resin, and adopts a double-layer structure with a sandwiched thermal insulation material to achieve the purpose of thermal insulation. The upper cover of the present application can insulate the loss of heat under normal working conditions, improve the effectiveness of the battery thermal management system, slow down the spread of thermal runaway to the passenger compartment in extreme cases, and increase the safety performance; and can effectively reduce the weight of the battery box, greatly reduce the weight under the premise of ensuring the mechanical properties, and ensure the vehicle's endurance. In addition, the sandwich structure can also effectively provide cushioning and improve the impact resistance of the battery box. At the same time, the upper cover has a first fixing plate, one side of the first fixing plate is bonded to the cover plate, and the other side is connected to the lower box, so that the upper cover plate is connected to the lower box through embedding and bonding, which can provide better connection strength. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the battery box of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of A in Figure 1

[0020] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the cover plate of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the bottom plate of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] To make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the present application more clear and explicit, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. Obviously, the described examples are only part of the examples of the present application, not all examples. Based on the examples in the present application, all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the battery box of the present application, Figure 2 is Figure 1 ​The local structure schematic diagram at A. The battery box 10 includes the upper cover 1 and the lower box 2. The lower box 2 has an opening (not indicated) on one side, and the lower box 2 is a cuboid, and the opening is located at the top of the lower box 2. The upper cover 1 is arranged on the side of the lower box 2 with the opening, and the upper cover 1 and the lower box 2 jointly form a battery mounting cavity 101. The upper cover 1 includes a cover plate 11 and a first fixing plate 12. Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the cover plate of the application. The cover plate 11 includes two layers of first composite layers 111 and a first thermal insulation layer 112, and the first thermal insulation layer 112 is located between the two layers of first composite layers 111. Specifically, the material of the first composite layer 111 can be a fiber composite material, for example, it can be a glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin, which has strong high temperature resistance. In other embodiments, the reinforcing fibers and matrix materials can be replaced by materials with similar or better material parameters such as high temperature resistance to meet the heat insulation function. The material of the first thermal insulation layer 112 can be aerogel or other thermal insulation materials. The cover plate 11 is embedded in the opening, specifically, the cover plate 11 is rectangular, the shape of the cover plate 11 is adapted to the shape of the opening, and the cover plate 11 is in clearance fit with the lower box 2. The first fixing plate 12 is bonded to the edge of the cover plate 11 away from the lower box 2, specifically, the number of the first fixing plate 12 can be multiple, the first fixing plate 12 is in strip shape, for example, four first fixing plates 12 are arranged along the four edges of the cover plate 11 respectively. And the first fixing plate 12 extends outward of the cover plate 11 and is detachably connected with the lower box 2, specifically, the part of the first fixing plate 12 located outside the cover plate 11 is bent towards the lower box 2 and is in close contact with the edge of the opening of the lower box 2, the first fixing plate 12 can be connected with the edge of the opening of the lower box 2 by bolts, and the material of the first fixing plate 12 can be metal.

[0024] The cover plate 11 of the battery box 10 provided by the application includes a sandwich structure with the first thermal insulation layer 112 sandwiched between the two layers of first composite layers 111, wherein the first thermal insulation layer 112 can effectively insulate heat when the battery cell loses control, preventing the passenger compartment from catching fire in a short time and giving the passengers time to escape. The first composite layer 111 adopts a high temperature resistant material represented by phenolic resin, and adopts a double layer structure, and the interlayer is filled with thermal insulation material to achieve the purpose of thermal insulation. The upper cover 1 of the application can insulate the loss of heat under normal working conditions, improve the effectiveness of the battery thermal management system, slow down the spread of thermal runaway to the passenger compartment in extreme cases, and increase the safety performance; and can effectively reduce the weight of the battery box 10, greatly reduce the weight under the premise of ensuring the mechanical properties, and ensure the vehicle endurance. In addition, the sandwich structure can also effectively provide cushioning and improve the impact resistance of the battery box 10. At the same time, the upper cover 1 has the first fixing plate 12, one side of the first fixing plate 12 is bonded to the cover plate 11, and the other side is connected with the lower box 2, so that the upper cover 1 plate realizes double connection with the lower box 2 through embedding and bonding, and can provide better connection strength.

[0025] Optionally, referring back to Figure 1 In some embodiments, the upper cover 1 further comprises a crossbeam 13 fixed on the side of the upper cover 1 away from the lower box 2. The crossbeam 13 can further improve the strength of the upper cover 1. Specifically, the number of crossbeams 13 is multiple, for example, two crossbeams 13 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the crossbeams 13 extend along the width direction of the upper cover 1 from one side edge of the cover plate 11 to the opposite side edge to ensure the support of the cover plate 11, and the crossbeams 13 can be bonded to the upper surface of the cover plate 11. The crossbeam 13 is a hollow square tube structure, which can be made of metal material, which can reduce the weight of the upper cover 1 while ensuring the rigidity and strength of the upper cover 1.

[0026] Optionally, referring back to Figure 1 In some embodiments, at least one reinforcing rib 113 is protruded on the cover plate 11 to further improve the strength of the cover plate 11. Specifically, the number of reinforcing ribs 113 can be multiple, which are arranged in the area of the cover plate 11 corresponding to the crossbeams 13 to ensure the connection strength of the cover plate 11 and the crossbeams 13. The reinforcing rib 113 can be formed by pressure casting the first composite layer 111, then applying thermal insulation material between two first composite layers 111 which are completely the same to form the first thermal insulation layer 112, and finally curing to form the cover plate 11. In other embodiments, the cover plate 11 can also be a flat plate structure.

[0027] Optionally, referring back to Figure 1 The lower box 2 comprises a frame 21 and a base 22, and the upper cover 1 and the base 22 are respectively detachably connected to the opposite sides of the frame 21. The lower box 2 of the present embodiment is a split structure, which can be made of different materials to further reduce the weight of the lower box 2. Specifically, the upper cover 1 is connected to the top of the frame 21 to close the upper opening of the frame 21, and the base 22 is connected to the bottom of the frame 21 to close the lower opening of the frame 21, and the upper cover 1, the frame 21 and the base 22 form the battery mounting cavity 101. The material of the frame 21 can be metal, for example, aluminum alloy, to provide higher strength and ensure the impact resistance of the battery inside the box; the material of the base 22 can be carbon fiber composite material, which has higher strength. The base 22 and the lower box 2 can be detachably connected by bolts to ensure the connection strength.

[0028] Optionally, the base 22 comprises a bottom plate 221 and a second fixing plate 222, the bottom plate 221 is embedded in the opening at the bottom of the frame 21, and the second fixing plate 222 is bonded to the edge of the bottom plate 221 away from the frame 21, and the second fixing plate 222 extends outwardly from the bottom plate 221 and is detachably connected with the frame 21. The above structure makes the base 22 realize double connection with the frame 21 through embedding and bonding, and can provide better connection strength. Specifically, the bottom plate 221 is rectangular, the shape of the bottom plate 221 is adapted to the shape of the frame 21, and the bottom plate 221 is clearance-fitted with the frame 21. The number of the second fixing plate 222 can be multiple, and the second fixing plate 222 is in the form of a strip, for example, four second fixing plates 222 are respectively arranged along the four edges of the bottom surface of the bottom plate 221. And the second fixing plate 222 extends outwardly from the bottom plate 221 and is detachably connected with the bottom of the frame 21, specifically, the part of the second fixing plate 222 outside the bottom plate 221 is bent towards the bottom of the frame 21 and is attached to the bottom surface of the frame 21, and the second fixing plate 222 can be connected with the edge of the opening of the lower box body 2 by bolts, and the material of the second fixing plate 222 can be metal.

[0029] Optionally, referring to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the bottom plate of the application. The bottom plate 221 comprises two layers of second composite layers 2211 and a second thermal insulation layer 2212, and the second thermal insulation layer 2212 is located between the two layers of second composite layers 2211. Specifically, the material of the second composite layer 2211 can be a high-strength fiber composite material, for example, it can be a carbon fiber composite material, which has high strength. In other embodiments, the second composite layer 2211 can also be a high-performance fiber composite material containing aramid fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, etc. The material of the second thermal insulation layer 2212 can be aerogel or other thermal insulation material. The cover plate 11 of the present embodiment is a sandwich structure with the second thermal insulation layer 2212 sandwiched between the two layers of second composite layers 2211, wherein the second thermal insulation layer 2212 can effectively insulate heat when the battery cell is out of control. The second composite layer 2211 adopts a high-strength material represented by carbon fiber, which can resist bottom impact conditions such as bottom support and puncture of the battery box 10. The interlayer material between the double-layer plate can also provide cushioning to prevent excessive bulging, so as to ensure the bottom protection performance of the battery box 10 with a lighter structure and ensure the endurance performance of the whole vehicle.

[0030] Optionally, continuing to refer to Figure 1The frame 21 includes a square tube 211 and a reinforcing plate 212. The square tube 211 is arranged in a rectangular ring shape, and the reinforcing plate 212 is arranged in the square tube 211. The two ends of the reinforcing plate 212 are respectively connected to the two inner walls of the square tube 211. Specifically, in the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the frame 21, the cross section of the frame 21 is in the shape of a "sun" character, and the reinforcing plate 212 extends in the horizontal direction. When the vehicle is subjected to a collision, the side of the battery box 10 is easily subjected to extrusion. Therefore, the "sun" character-shaped frame 21 with the horizontally extending reinforcing plate 212 can resist the lateral extrusion force, and the cavity in the frame 21 has sufficient buffering and energy absorption space.

[0031] Optionally, referring back to Figure 1 The lower box body 2 further includes at least one partition plate 23. One end of the partition plate 23 is fixed to one side of the base 22 facing the upper cover 1 and extends to the upper cover 1. The at least one partition plate 23 divides the battery mounting cavity 101 into a plurality of sub-cavities. In this embodiment, the number of partition plates 23 is multiple. The multiple partition plates 23 are arranged in a vertical and horizontal staggered manner along the length direction and the width direction of the lower box body 2, and divide the battery mounting cavity 101 into a plurality of matrix-distributed sub-cavities. The partition plate 23 can separate the battery cells, and as a reinforcing structure of the base plate 221, it provides better rigidity and strength to the lower box body 2. This kind of reinforcing mode can also absorb higher impact energy. Specifically, the material of the partition plate 23 can also be a fiber composite material, which can reduce the weight while ensuring the strength. Optionally, the longitudinally extending and transversely extending partition plates 23 are sealed at the intersection by sealing glue.

[0032] Optionally, the end of the partition plate 23 close to the base 22 is provided with an extension plate 231. The extension plate 231 is arranged perpendicularly to the partition plate 23 and is bonded to the base 22. The partition plate 23 and the extension plate 231 form an "L" shaped structure. The extension plate 231 can enlarge the contact surface of the partition plate 23 and the base 22, and improve the strength of the base 22.

[0033] The application also provides a battery including the battery box 10 of any of the preceding embodiments and a battery cell. The battery cell is arranged in the battery mounting cavity 101.

[0034] The above is only an embodiment of the application, and does not limit the patent scope of the application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation using the content of the specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, is also included in the patent protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A battery housing, characterized in that, include: The lower housing has an opening on one side; The upper cover is disposed on the side of the lower housing with an opening. The upper cover and the lower housing together form a battery mounting cavity. The upper cover includes a cover plate and a first fixing plate. The cover plate includes two first composite layers and a first insulation layer. The first insulation layer is located between the two first composite layers. The cover plate is embedded in the opening. The first fixing plate is bonded to the edge of the cover plate on the side away from the lower housing and extends outward from the upper cover and is detachably connected to the lower housing.

2. The battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper cover also includes a crossbeam, which is fixed to the side of the upper cover away from the lower box.

3. The battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate is provided with at least one reinforcing rib.

4. The battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower housing includes a frame and a base, and the upper cover and the base are detachably connected to opposite sides of the frame.

5. The battery housing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base includes a base plate and a second fixing plate. The base plate is embedded in the frame, and the second fixing plate is adhered to the edge of the base plate opposite to the frame. The second fixing plate extends outward from the base plate and is detachably connected to the frame.

6. The battery housing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The base plate includes two layers of second composite layer and a second insulation layer, with the second insulation layer located between the two layers of second composite layer.

7. The battery housing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The frame includes a square tube and a reinforcing plate. The square tube is arranged in a rectangular ring shape, and the reinforcing plate is disposed inside the square tube. The two ends of the reinforcing plate are respectively connected to two inner walls of the square tube that are arranged opposite to each other.

8. The battery housing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower housing also includes at least one partition, one end of which is fixed to the side of the base facing the upper cover and extends toward the upper cover. At least one partition divides the battery mounting cavity into multiple sub-cavities.

9. The battery housing according to claim 8, characterized in that, An extension plate is provided at one end of the partition near the base. The extension plate is perpendicular to the partition and is bonded to the base.

10. A battery, characterized in that, It includes a battery housing and a battery cell as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the battery cell is disposed within the battery mounting cavity.

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