Combined tool for machining wall-breaking cross holes
By combining twist drills, four-flute end mills, and deep hole drills, the problem of tool breakage during the machining of cross-holes was solved, achieving a highly efficient and stable machining process and reducing the scrap rate of valve bodies.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423139800.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing cutting tools are prone to localized stress and breakage when machining cross-holes, resulting in a high scrap rate and making it difficult to balance processing efficiency and quality.
A combination of cutting tools, including twist drills, four-flute end mills, and deep hole drills, is used to process cross-holes by drilling sequentially and then turning laterally. The four-flute end mills play a corrective and guiding role, preventing the deep hole drill from deviating and improving the machining quality.
It effectively prevents deep hole drill bits from deviating and breaking during processing, improving product processing quality and reducing valve body scrap rate.
Smart Images
Figure CN223616820U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cutting tools for machining cross-holes, and in particular to a combined cutting tool for machining cross-holes. Background Technology
[0002] Hydraulic valves are important components in hydraulic systems. As a control device, they are widely used in various industrial equipment and mechanical systems. They can control the flow of liquid in the hydraulic system and realize the control of various movements, flow rates and pressures, thereby achieving the normal operation and stability of the device or system.
[0003] The valve body is a key component of a hydraulic valve. Various oil passages are machined within it, enabling hydraulic control through the cartridge valve. Depending on the valve's parameters and structural design, the valve body contains interconnected passages, especially smaller diameter ones. Due to the valve body's design, there are numerous intersecting passages, cross-holes, and intersections with cartridge valve passages. Normally, to prevent tool breakage, the smaller diameter holes are machined first. However, to meet the overall valve body structure requirements, improve machining efficiency, and reduce processes, it may be necessary to prioritize the smaller diameter holes. This places certain demands on the tooling. Typically, a pilot drill is used first, followed by a twist drill for direct machining. However, this process often results in localized tool stress and drill breakage when encountering cross-holes, leading to workpiece scrap and a high valve body scrap rate.
[0004] Therefore, when using existing cutting tools to machine cross-holes, the workpiece may be scrapped due to localized stress on the cutting tool. Utility Model Content
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a combination tool for machining cross-holes that break through walls, which uses a twist drill, a four-flute end mill, and a deep hole drill to drill the cross-holes in sequence.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution:
[0007] A combination tool for machining cross-holes in wall-breaking processes, comprising:
[0008] Twist drills are installed on machine tools and are detached from and connected to the machine tool's spindle.
[0009] Four-flute end mills are detached from and connected to the machine tool's spindle. They are arranged in the next process after the twist drill and are used to machine the cross-section of the workpiece by lateral cutting.
[0010] The deep hole drill is detached and connected to the machine tool's spindle, and is arranged in the next operation after the four-flute end mill. The four-flute end mill is used to guide and prevent the deep hole drill from deviating in the deep hole. The deep hole drill is used to drill the hole to be processed to the target depth under the guidance of the four-flute end mill.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0012] In the process of machining the wall-breaking cross hole, a twist drill is first used to machine the hole to be machined to the preset depth. Then, a four-flute end mill is used to machine the hole to the wall-breaking cross section. The wall-breaking cross hole is machined by lateral rotary cutting. Finally, a deep hole drill is used to machine from the wall-breaking cross hole to the target depth, thus completing the entire machining process of the wall-breaking cross hole. During the machining process, the four-flute end mill, through lateral rotary cutting, plays a role in correcting and leveling the wall-breaking cross hole at the wall-breaking cross section. It also guides the subsequent deep hole drilling, preventing the deep hole drill from "running off course" during deep hole machining, reducing the overhang length of the deep hole drill bit, increasing the rigidity of the deep hole drill, protecting the drill bit from damage, and preventing the risk of drill bit breakage. This improves the machining quality of the product and reduces the scrap rate of the valve body.
[0013] More preferably, the tip angle of the twist drill is either 150° or 140°.
[0014] Using the above technical solution, a 150° twist drill is used for initial guidance, and then a 140° twist drill is used for machining to the preset depth.
[0015] A further preferred embodiment is that the drill tip angle of the deep hole drill is 130°.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the deep hole drilling at 130° can achieve the effect of deep processing, improve the processing quality of the product, and reduce the scrap rate of the valve body.
[0017] More preferably, the four-flute end mill includes:
[0018] The tool holder is detachably connected to the machine tool's spindle.
[0019] The tool holder is mounted on the tool shank and is integrally connected to the tool shank.
[0020] The cutter head assembly is spiral-shaped and overlapped at the end of the cutter shank, and is fixedly connected to the cutter shank. It is used to process the cross-section of the cell wall by rotary cutting from the side.
[0021] Using the above technical solution, the cutter head assembly performs spiral side rotary cutting to break the wall cross holes, which plays a role in correcting deviation, leveling, and guiding the deep hole drill, thereby preventing the deep hole drill from "running off course" during deep hole processing.
[0022] Further optimized, the cutter head assembly includes:
[0023] There are two first cutting heads, which are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the tool holder and integrally connected to the tool holder.
[0024] The first side blade is provided on each first cutter head and is fixedly connected to the first cutter head.
[0025] There are two second cutting heads, which are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the cutting shank. Each second cutting head is located between two first cutting heads and is connected to the first cutting heads.
[0026] The second side blade is set on each second cutter head and fixedly connected to the second cutter head. The first side blade and the second side blade are used to cut the wall-breaking cross section on the workpiece by rotation.
[0027] Using the above technical solution, the cutter head assembly, consisting of a first cutter head, a first side blade, a second cutter head, and a second side blade, corrects and flattens the workpiece in the cross-hole of the workpiece by rotary cutting with the first and second side blades, and plays a guiding role for the deep hole drill, preventing the deep hole drill from deviating in subsequent medium and deep holes and causing the drill bit to be damaged or broken.
[0028] Further optimization involves providing internal cooling holes on both the first and second cutting heads, extending from the first and second cutting heads to the tool holder and connecting to the machine tool.
[0029] Using the above technical solution, during the machining process, the coolant inside the machine tool flows out through the internal cooling hole to the first cutting head, the first side cutting edge, the second cutting head, and the second side cutting edge, thereby achieving a cooling effect.
[0030] Further optimization involves having more than two first side blades and two second side blades, with the number of first side blades and second side blades being equal.
[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to avoid radial force caused by unilateral force on the first and second side edges, and to avoid the drill bit breaking due to the tool deviating towards the wall breaking position and causing skew bending.
[0032] Further optimization involves making the first side blade and the second side blade coplanar.
[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, it is ensured that the cross section of the wall breaking mechanism plays a role in correcting deviation and leveling, preventing the deep hole drill from deviating during deep hole processing. Attached Figure Description
[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a twist drill with a 150° drill tip in this embodiment.
[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the twist drill with a 140° drill tip in this embodiment.
[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the four-flute end mill in this embodiment.
[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head assembly in this embodiment.
[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the deep hole drill in this embodiment.
[0039] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the cross-hole of the workpiece to be processed in this embodiment.
[0040] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the wall-breaking cross hole in the AA direction.
[0041] Reference numerals: 1-Twist drill; 2-Four-flute end mill; 20-Tool holder; 21-Tool shank; 22-First cutting head; 23-First side cutting edge; 24-Second cutting head; 25-Second side cutting edge; 26-Internal cooling hole; 3-Deep hole drill. Detailed Implementation
[0042] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-7 This utility model will be described in further detail.
[0043] A combination tool for machining cross-shaped holes in wall-breaking processes, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes:
[0044] Twist drill 1 is installed on the machine tool and is detached and connected to the machine tool's spindle.
[0045] The four-flute end mill 2 is detached and connected to the machine tool's spindle, and is arranged in the next process of the twist drill 1. It is used to process the cross section of the wall breaking on the workpiece by lateral cutting.
[0046] The deep hole drill 3 is disassembled and connected to the working spindle of the machine tool and arranged in the next operation of the four-flute end mill 2. The four-flute end mill 2 is used to prevent the deep hole drill 3 from deviating in the deep hole by guiding it, and is also used to drill the hole to be processed to the target depth under the guidance of the four-flute end mill 2.
[0047] In the process of machining the wall-breaking cross hole, a twist drill 1 is first used to machine the hole on the workpiece to the preset depth. Then, a four-flute end mill 2 is used to machine the hole to the wall-breaking cross section. The wall-breaking cross hole is machined by lateral rotary cutting. Finally, a deep hole drill 3 is used to machine from the wall-breaking cross hole to the target depth, thus completing the entire machining process of the wall-breaking cross hole. During the machining process, the four-flute end mill 2, through lateral rotary cutting, plays a role in correcting and leveling the wall-breaking cross hole at the wall-breaking cross section. It also guides the subsequent deep hole drill 3, preventing it from "running off course" during deep hole machining, reducing the overhang length of the deep hole drill 3, increasing the rigidity of the deep hole drill 3, protecting the drill bit from damage, and preventing the risk of drill bit breakage. This improves the machining quality of the product and reduces the scrap rate of the valve body.
[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the tip angle of the twist drill 1 is either 150° or 140°. The 150° twist drill 1 is used for guidance first, and then the 140° twist drill 1 is used for processing to the preset depth.
[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the drill tip angle of the deep hole drill 3 is 130°. The 130° deep hole drill 3 plays a role in deep processing, improving the processing quality of the product and reducing the scrap rate of the valve body.
[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the four-flute end mill 2 in this embodiment includes:
[0051] Tool holder 20 is detached and connected to the machine tool.
[0052] The tool holder 21 is mounted on the tool shank 20 and is integrally connected to the tool shank 20.
[0053] The cutter head assembly, in a spiral shape, is staggered and overlapped at the end of the cutter shank 21 and is fixedly connected to the cutter shank 21. It is used to process the cross-section of the wall by lateral rotary cutting. In this embodiment, the cutter head assembly is welded into the cutter shank 21.
[0054] The cutter head assembly uses a spiral side-cutting process to break through the cross holes, which plays a role in correcting deviation, leveling, and guiding the deep hole drill 3, thereby preventing the deep hole drill 3 from "running off course" during deep hole machining.
[0055] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the cutter head assembly in this embodiment includes:
[0056] There are two first cutting heads 22, which are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the cutter shank 21 and integrally connected with the cutter shank 21.
[0057] The first side blade 23 is disposed on each first cutter head 22 and is fixedly connected to the first cutter head 22.
[0058] There are two second cutter heads 24, which are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the cutter bar 21. Each second cutter head 24 is located between two first cutter heads 22, and the second cutter head 24 is connected to the first cutter head 22.
[0059] The second side blade 25 is disposed on each second cutter head 24 and fixedly connected to the second cutter head 24. The first side blade 23 and the second side blade 25 are used to cut the wall-breaking cross section on the workpiece by rotation.
[0060] The cutter head assembly, consisting of a first cutter head 22, a first side blade 23, a second cutter head 24, and a second side blade 25, performs rotary cutting within the cross-hole of the workpiece to correct deviation and flatten it, and also guides the deep hole drill 3 to prevent it from deviating in subsequent deep hole drilling, thus preventing the drill bit from being damaged or broken.
[0061] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, both the first cutting head 22 and the second cutting head 24 are provided with internal cooling holes 26. The internal cooling holes 26 extend from the first cutting head 22 and the second cutting head 24 to the tool holder 20 and are connected to the machine tool. During the machining process, the coolant in the machine tool flows out through the internal cooling holes 26 to the first cutting head 22, the first side cutting edge 23, the second cutting head 24, and the second side cutting edge 25, thereby achieving a cooling effect.
[0062] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of first side cutting edges 23 and second side cutting edges 25 is greater than 2, and the number of first side cutting edges 23 and second side cutting edges 25 is equal. This can avoid the radial force caused by the first side cutting edges 23 and second side cutting edges 25 being subjected to force on one side, and avoid the tool deviating towards the wall breaking position, which would cause the drill bit to twist and break.
[0063] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the first side blade 23 and the second side blade 25 are on the same plane, ensuring that the wall-breaking intersection section plays a role in correcting deviation and leveling, preventing the deep hole drill 3 from deviating during deep hole machining.
[0064] Please combine Figures 1-7 To process Figure 6 Taking the cross-hole of the workpiece as an example, the working principle and process of this embodiment are described as follows:
[0065] In the actual machining process, a 150° twist drill 1 can be used as a guide to pre-machine the hole to a preset diameter multiple and to a preset depth L1. This pre-machining aims to solve the problems of heat dissipation and poor chip removal during machining with the four-flute end mill 2. Then, the four-flute end mill 2 is used to machine the hole to depth L2. The first side cutting edge 23 and the second side cutting edge 25 rotate and cut, guiding, leveling, and correcting deviations. The main machining area of the four-flute end mill 2 is the section from L1 to L2, which is a cross-section. The end mill has multiple first side cutting edges 23 and second side cutting edges 25 for cutting, thus correcting deviations, leveling, and guiding the subsequent deep hole drill 3 during the machining process to depth L2. Then, a 140° twist drill 1 is used to machine to the target diameter multiple, and finally, the deep hole drill 3 is used to continue drilling to depth L3. Figure 7 As shown, the cross-hole machining of the wall-breaking process was successfully completed.
[0066] In summary, this embodiment utilizes three cutting tools in the machining process of the cross-hole breaking device. Pre-machining is performed using a 150° twist drill 1, followed by guidance, surface preparation, and correction using a 4-flute end mill, and finally, a deep hole drill 3 is used to machine the deep hole to achieve the dimensions specified in the drawing. This solution addresses the problem of localized tool stress and breakage during the machining of the cross-hole breaking device, thereby reducing the product scrap rate and improving valve body quality and machining stability.
[0067] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the utility model and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A combined cutting tool for machining cross-shaped holes in wall-breaking processes, characterized in that, include: Twist drill (1), installed on a machine tool, and detachably connected to the working spindle of the machine tool; The four-flute end mill (2) is detachably connected to the working spindle of the machine tool and is arranged in the next process of the twist drill (1) to process the wall-breaking cross section on the workpiece by lateral cutting. The deep hole drill (3) is disassembled and connected to the working spindle of the machine tool and arranged in the next process of the four-flute end mill (2). The four-flute end mill (2) is used to prevent the deep hole drill (3) from deviating in the deep hole by guiding it. The deep hole drill (3) is used to drill the hole to be processed to the target depth under the guidance of the four-flute end mill (2).
2. The combined cutting tool for machining intersecting holes with broken walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tip angle of the twist drill (1) is either 150° or 140°.
3. The combined cutting tool for machining intersecting holes with broken walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill tip angle of the deep hole drill (3) is 130°.
4. The combined cutting tool for machining intersecting holes with broken walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four-flute end mill (2) includes: The tool holder (20) is detachably connected to the working spindle of the machine tool; The tool holder (21) is mounted on the tool handle (20) and is integrally connected to the tool handle (20); The cutter head assembly is spiral-shaped and is stacked alternately on the end of the cutter bar (21) and fixedly connected to the cutter bar (21) for processing the wall-breaking cross section by lateral rotary cutting.
5. The combined cutting tool for machining intersecting holes with broken walls according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cutter head assembly includes: There are two first cutting heads (22), which are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the cutter bar (21) and integrally connected with the cutter bar (21); A first side blade (23) is disposed on each of the first cutter heads (22) and is fixedly connected to the first cutter head (22); There are two second cutter heads (24). The two second cutter heads (24) are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the cutter bar (21). Each second cutter head (24) is located between two first cutter heads (22), and the second cutter head (24) is connected to the first cutter head (22). The second side blade (25) is disposed on each of the second cutter heads (24) and is fixedly connected to the second cutter head (24). The first side blade (23) and the second side blade (25) are used to cut the cross-section of the workpiece by rotation.
6. The combined cutting tool for machining intersecting holes with broken walls according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first cutting head (22) and the second cutting head (24) are provided with internal cooling holes (26). The internal cooling holes (26) extend from the first cutting head (22) and the second cutting head (24) to the tool holder (20) and are connected to the machine tool.
7. The combined cutting tool for machining intersecting holes with broken walls according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of the first side blade (23) and the second side blade (25) is greater than 2, and the number of the first side blade (23) and the second side blade (25) are equal.
8. The combined cutting tool for machining intersecting holes with broken walls according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first side blade (23) and the second side blade (25) are in the same plane.