Slope ecological protection catchment and drainage structure

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of slope protection of ecological engineering, and provides a slope ecological protection catchment and drainage structure which comprises an intercepting ditch, a catchment ditch and a diversion ditch. The intercepting ditch is arranged on the top surface of the slope body; the catchment ditch is arranged on the slope surface of the slope body, extends to the bottom end from the top end of the slope surface, and is communicated with the catchment ditch; the flow guide ditches comprise a plurality of first-stage flow guide ditches, and the first-stage flow guide ditches are arranged on the slope surface and obliquely extend downwards from the top end of the slope surface to the bottom end of the slope surface. In the structure, the rainfall catchment at the upstream of the slope top is intercepted by the intercepting ditch, discharged into the catchment ditch and then discharged into the downstream, so that the rainfall catchment at the upstream of the slope top can be prevented from directly flowing into the slope surface through the slope top, and the slope surface scouring degree is increased. The slope surface can be divided into different catchment areas by the diversion trenches, and rainfall in each catchment area is converged into the corresponding first-stage diversion trench and then discharged to the downstream. And the on-way surface runoff from the slope top to the slope bottom can be obviously reduced, the on-way continuous increase of the water catchment amount per unit area is avoided, and the slope surface scouring degree is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of ecological engineering slope protection technology, specifically relating to a slope ecological protection drainage structure. Background Technology

[0002] Slope protection has a long history of application in my country and is a relatively mature technology. Traditional slope protection focuses on the stability and safety of the slope structure, often using rigid materials such as masonry and cast-in-place concrete for rigid slope protection. While this provides good short-term slope protection, rigid slope structures have poor durability and are prone to aging, cracking, and damage, leading to a decline in slope protection function and reduced effectiveness. Furthermore, rigid slopes constructed in water-bearing areas create an ecological barrier at the water-land interface, severely impacting communication between aquatic and terrestrial organisms and reducing biodiversity. With the rise of ecological slope protection technology, numerous vegetation-based slope stabilization projects are widely used due to their excellent ecological and landscape effects.

[0003] Slope ecological protection is an organic combination of slope protection and slope greening, and vegetation restoration is one of the key conditions for its success. Existing slope ecological protection projects often use prefabricated perforated slabs or protective netting to plant vegetation, without considering the poor durability of the protective structure, thus affecting the cultivation effect of slope vegetation. Furthermore, existing slope ecological protection projects lack drainage channels for rainwater runoff at the slope top and surface, making the slope susceptible to prolonged and intense erosion, causing slope structural deformation and soil erosion, leading to problems such as slope structural safety and secondary ecological degradation. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a slope ecological protection drainage structure that overcomes the deficiencies and limitations of traditional slope protection methods. It can be effectively applied to near-natural water body slopes such as riverbanks and lakeside slopes, as well as mountain slopes. By constructing a drainage network and creating planting conditions, it rationally channels rainfall and runoff from the slope top and surface, effectively intercepting upstream rainfall runoff, significantly reducing the amount of runoff per unit area of ​​the slope, creating planting conditions, and reducing slope erosion intensity. This achieves the goal of ecological slope protection and soil stabilization, while also providing aesthetic appeal.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a slope ecological protection drainage structure, including an intercepting ditch, a drainage ditch, and a diversion ditch;

[0006] The intercepting ditch is set on the top surface of the slope;

[0007] The drainage ditch is set on the slope surface of the slope, and extends from the top to the bottom of the slope surface. The drainage ditch is connected to the intercepting ditch.

[0008] The diversion channel includes multiple primary diversion channels, which are set on the slope and extend from the top to the bottom of the slope. The primary diversion channels are arranged obliquely downward with the slope as the reference plane.

[0009] Preferably, the primary guide channel has a stepped structure.

[0010] Preferably, the cross-sectional dimensions of the primary guide channel gradually increase from upstream to downstream.

[0011] Preferably, the guide channel further includes a secondary guide channel;

[0012] The secondary diversion ditch is set on the slope and is connected to the primary diversion ditch.

[0013] Preferably, the secondary diversion ditch has an "L" shaped structure, with the transverse section of the secondary diversion ditch arranged obliquely downward with the slope as the reference plane, and the end of the transverse section of the secondary diversion ditch is connected to the primary diversion ditch.

[0014] Preferably, the guide channel further includes a three-stage guide channel;

[0015] The three-stage diversion ditch is set on the slope, and the three-stage diversion ditch is connected to the first-stage diversion ditch.

[0016] Preferably, the three-stage diversion channel has an "L"-shaped structure, with the transverse section of the three-stage diversion channel arranged obliquely downward with the slope as the reference plane, and the end of the transverse section of the three-stage diversion channel connected to the first-stage diversion channel.

[0017] Preferably, the cross-section of the intercepting ditch is rectangular or "U" shaped.

[0018] Preferably, the cross-section of the drainage ditch is rectangular or "U" shaped.

[0019] Preferably, aquatic or wetland plants are planted in the intercepting ditch, the collecting ditch, and the diversion ditch.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] 1. This utility model provides a slope ecological protection drainage structure, in which upstream rainwater is intercepted by an intercepting ditch and discharged into a catchment ditch before flowing downstream. This prevents upstream rainwater from directly flowing into the slope surface through the top, thus avoiding increased slope erosion. The diversion ditch divides the slope into different catchment areas, with rainfall from each area flowing into the corresponding primary diversion ditch before being discharged downstream. This significantly reduces surface runoff from the top to the bottom of the slope, preventing the catchment volume per unit area from continuously increasing along the slope and mitigating slope erosion.

[0022] 2. This utility model provides a slope ecological protection drainage structure that divides the slope into multiple drainage areas by setting up primary, secondary, and tertiary diversion ditches. This evenly distributes the water volume across the slope, narrows the unit area of ​​different drainage areas, creates favorable conditions for plant establishment, and facilitates vegetation restoration and soil stabilization. Overall, the intercepting ditches, drainage ditches, multiple diversion ditches, and multiple drainage areas on the ecological slope collectively construct the slope ecological protection drainage structure. This structure effectively diverts and intercepts rainwater from the upstream slope top, significantly reducing the amount of rainwater collected per unit area of ​​the slope, creating suitable conditions for planting, reducing slope erosion intensity, and achieving the purpose of ecological slope protection and soil stabilization, while also providing aesthetic appeal. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 One of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of a slope ecological protection drainage structure provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 A second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a slope ecological protection drainage structure provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 A top view of a drainage ditch for a slope ecological protection drainage structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of a portion of the diversion ditch in a slope ecological protection drainage structure provided for an embodiment of this utility model.

[0027] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0028] 1. Slope;

[0029] 2. Interception ditch;

[0030] 3. Drainage ditch;

[0031] 4. Diversion ditch; 401. Primary diversion ditch; 402. Secondary diversion ditch; 403. Tertiary diversion ditch;

[0032] 5. Primary catchment area;

[0033] 6. Secondary catchment area;

[0034] 7. Third-level catchment area. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0036] This embodiment provides a slope ecological protection drainage structure that can be applied not only to near-natural water body slopes such as riverbank slopes and lakeside slopes, but also to mountain slopes and other types.

[0037] The slope ecological protection drainage structure provided in this embodiment includes intercepting ditch 2, drainage ditch 3, and diversion ditch 4.

[0038] The intercepting ditch 2 is located on the top surface of the slope 1. For example, see... Figure 1-2 The slope of slope 1 has a gradient of approximately 1:1.2 and a height of about 3 meters. The intercepting ditch 2 is laid along the top of the slope to intercept and collect rainfall from upstream.

[0039] Drainage ditch 3 is installed on the slope surface of slope 1, extending from the top to the bottom of the slope, and is connected to intercepting ditch 2. See, for example... Figure 2 The drainage ditch 3 is arranged along the slope, and the top of the drainage ditch 3 is connected to the intercepting ditch 2. Rainwater in the intercepting ditch 2 can flow directly into the drainage ditch 3 and then be discharged downstream.

[0040] The diversion channel 4 includes multiple primary diversion channels 401, which are set on the slope and extend from the top to the bottom of the slope. The primary diversion channels 401 are arranged obliquely downward with the slope as the reference plane. For example, see Figure 3-4 Multiple primary diversion channels 401 are arranged parallel to each other on the slope, without interconnection. Because the primary diversion channels 401 are arranged diagonally downwards on the slope, they divide the slope into different catchment areas. Rainfall from the area above a primary diversion channel 401 flows into that channel, while rainfall from the area below flows into the adjacent primary diversion channel 401 on the left.

[0041] The technical solution provided in this embodiment intercepts upstream rainwater runoff from the top of the slope via intercepting ditch 2, which then flows into collecting ditch 3 before flowing downstream. This prevents upstream rainwater from directly flowing into the slope surface through the top, thus avoiding increased slope erosion. Diversion ditch 4 divides the slope surface into different areas, with rainfall from each area flowing into the corresponding primary diversion ditch 401 before flowing downstream. This significantly reduces surface runoff from the top to the bottom of the slope, preventing the water volume per unit area from continuously increasing along the slope and mitigating slope erosion.

[0042] Based on the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a specific implementation of a primary guide channel 401: the primary guide channel 401 has a stepped structure.

[0043] For example, see Figure 3 The primary diversion ditch 401 first extends a certain distance downward along the slope from the top of the slope, then extends a certain distance to the right along the slope, then continues to extend a certain distance downward along the slope, then continues to extend a certain distance to the right along the slope... until it extends to the bottom of the slope.

[0044] The corners of the primary diversion channels 401 are curved. Multiple primary diversion channels 401 can divide the slope into different catchment areas. Rainfall from different catchment areas flows into their respective primary diversion channels 401 and eventually enters the downstream area along the primary diversion channels 401.

[0045] For example, see Figure 4 The two primary diversion ditches 401 are spaced relatively close together, creating four rectangular catchment areas between them. Taking the uppermost rectangular catchment area as an example, rainwater in this area can flow directly into the left primary diversion ditches 401 instead of flowing down the slope to the area below. This prevents rainwater in this catchment area from merging with rainwater in the area below, thus avoiding a continuous increase in the water volume along the course and reducing the degree of erosion on the downstream slope.

[0046] Of course, the primary guide channel 401 can also be other shapes, such as wavy structure, arc structure, straight structure, and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0047] The cross-section of the primary diversion ditch 401 can be circular, curved, or other shapes, and its geometric dimensions are determined based on factors such as the catchment area and the designed rainfall. Furthermore, the cross-sectional dimensions of the primary diversion ditch 401 gradually increase from upstream to downstream, which is beneficial for diversion and prevention of blockage. For example, the inner bottom surface of the primary diversion ditch 401 is an arc surface, and the radius of the arc surface adjacent to the top of the slope is 0.03m. The radius of the arc surface increases by 0.01m for each step it crosses.

[0048] The diversion ditch 4 provided in this embodiment also includes a secondary diversion ditch 402; the secondary diversion ditch 402 is set on the slope and is connected to the primary diversion ditch 401.

[0049] Furthermore, the secondary diversion ditch 402 has an "L" shaped structure. The transverse section of the secondary diversion ditch 402 is arranged diagonally downward with the slope as the reference plane, and the end of the transverse section of the secondary diversion ditch 402 is connected to the primary diversion ditch 401.

[0050] For example, see Figure 4The secondary diversion ditch 402 includes a horizontal section and a vertical section. The vertical section of the secondary diversion ditch 402 extends downward along the slope and connects to the left end of the horizontal section via a hook. The right end of the horizontal section of the secondary diversion ditch 402 connects to the primary diversion ditch 401. In this way, rainwater from the upper area of ​​the secondary diversion ditch 402 flows into the secondary diversion ditch 402 and does not flow into the lower area. That is, rainwater from the upper area of ​​the secondary diversion ditch 402 cannot merge with rainwater from the lower area, thus preventing an increase in the amount of rainwater collected in the lower area and consequently, an increase in slope erosion. Its principle is similar to that of the primary diversion ditch 401.

[0051] The diversion ditch 4 provided in this embodiment also includes a third-level diversion ditch 403; the third-level diversion ditch 403 is set on the slope and is connected to the first-level diversion ditch 401.

[0052] Furthermore, the third-level diversion ditch 403 has an "L"-shaped structure. The transverse section of the third-level diversion ditch 403 is arranged obliquely downward with the slope as the reference plane, and the end of the transverse section of the third-level diversion ditch 403 is connected to the first-level diversion ditch 401.

[0053] For example, see Figure 4 The tertiary diversion ditch 403 includes a transverse section and a vertical section. The vertical section of the tertiary diversion ditch 403 extends downwards along the slope and connects with the left end of the transverse section via a hook. The right end of the transverse section of the tertiary diversion ditch 403 connects with the primary diversion ditch 401. In this way, rainwater from the upper area of ​​the tertiary diversion ditch 403 flows into the tertiary diversion ditch 403 and does not flow into the lower area. That is, rainwater from the upper area of ​​the tertiary diversion ditch 403 cannot merge with rainwater from the lower area, thus preventing an increase in the amount of rainwater collected in the lower area and consequently, an increase in slope erosion. Its principle is similar to that of the primary diversion ditch 401.

[0054] The bottom surfaces of the secondary diversion channel 402 and the tertiary diversion channel 403 can both be curved surfaces, and the radius of the curved surface is 0.03m.

[0055] The tertiary diversion ditch 403, the secondary diversion ditch 402, and the primary diversion ditch 401 can together form a slope catchment and drainage network, dividing the slope into multi-level catchment areas. For example, see... Figure 4 The two primary diversion channels 401 are spaced relatively close together, forming four rectangular catchment areas between them. Taking the uppermost rectangular catchment area as an example, this rectangular catchment area contains a secondary diversion channel 402 and a tertiary diversion channel 403. The top of the vertical section of the tertiary diversion channel 403 extends to the top of the rectangular catchment area, and the top of the vertical section of the secondary diversion channel 402 also extends to the top of the rectangular catchment area.

[0056] At this time, the area inside the third-level diversion ditch 403 is called the third-level catchment area 7, and the rainwater in the third-level catchment area 7 will flow into the third-level diversion ditch 403.

[0057] The area between the secondary diversion ditch 402 and the tertiary diversion ditch 403 is called the secondary catchment area 6. Rainwater in the secondary catchment area 6 will flow into the secondary diversion ditch 402.

[0058] The area between the primary diversion ditch 401 and the secondary diversion ditch 402 is called the primary catchment area 5. Rainwater in the primary catchment area 5 will flow into the primary diversion ditch 401.

[0059] The division of catchment areas for each region is determined by comprehensively considering factors such as slope height, slope gradient, design rainfall, and catchment area. For example, within the same rectangular catchment area, the vertical and horizontal lengths of the primary diversion ditch 401 are both 0.3m, the vertical and horizontal lengths of the secondary diversion ditch 402 are both 0.2m, and the vertical and horizontal lengths of the tertiary diversion ditch 403 are both 0.15m. In this case, the area of ​​the primary catchment area 5 is 0.0225m². 2 The area of ​​secondary catchment area 6 is 0.0175m². 2 The area of ​​the third-level catchment area 7 is 0.0225m². 2 Ryegrass is planted in all catchment areas.

[0060] In summary, multi-level diversion ditches and multi-level catchment areas form a specific drainage structure on the slope, which can evenly distribute the water volume of the catchment area at the same level and narrow the catchment area of ​​the catchment areas at different levels. Rainfall in each catchment area eventually flows into the primary diversion ditch 401 and then into the downstream. This creates favorable conditions for vegetation establishment, which is beneficial for vegetation restoration and soil stabilization and slope protection.

[0061] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the number of diversion ditch levels is generally three. The actual number of levels can be determined comprehensively based on slope geometry parameters, slope, design rainfall, catchment area, etc., with a minimum of three levels. For example, in some embodiments, the diversion ditch 4 may also include a fourth-level diversion ditch, a fifth-level diversion ditch, etc.

[0062] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, aquatic or wetland plants are planted in the intercepting ditch 2, the drainage ditch 3, and the diversion ditch 4. Native aquatic or wetland plants with strong pollution tolerance, well-developed root systems, good soil stabilization effect, and easy management can be selected. One or more plants can be selected and planted together, and the planting density is determined according to the plant type.

[0063] The geometric dimensions of intercepting ditch 2 and drainage ditch 3 can be determined comprehensively based on factors such as design rainfall, catchment area, and structural safety. The cross-section of intercepting ditch 2 can be rectangular or U-shaped. The cross-section of drainage ditch 3 can be rectangular or U-shaped.

[0064] For example, the cross-section of intercepting ditch 2 is rectangular, 0.2m wide and 0.3m high, with bermudagrass planted at the bottom. A drainage ditch 3 is laid on the slope every 50 meters along the length of intercepting ditch 2, with bermudagrass planted at the bottom.

[0065] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0066] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0067] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0068] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A slope ecological protection drainage structure, characterized in that, Including intercepting ditch (2), drainage ditch (3), and diversion ditch (4); The intercepting ditch (2) is set on the top surface of the slope (1); The drainage ditch (3) is set on the slope surface of the slope (1), the drainage ditch (3) extends from the top of the slope surface to the bottom, and the drainage ditch (3) is connected to the intercepting ditch (2); The diversion ditch (4) includes multiple primary diversion ditches (401), which are set on the slope. The primary diversion ditches (401) extend from the top to the bottom of the slope and are arranged obliquely downward with the slope as the reference plane.

2. The slope ecological protection drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary diversion channel (401) has a stepped structure.

3. The slope ecological protection drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional dimensions of the primary diversion channel (401) gradually increase from upstream to downstream.

4. The slope ecological protection drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diversion channel (4) also includes a secondary diversion channel (402); The secondary diversion ditch (402) is set on the slope, and the secondary diversion ditch (402) is connected to the primary diversion ditch (401).

5. A slope ecological protection drainage structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The secondary diversion ditch (402) has an "L" shaped structure. The transverse section of the secondary diversion ditch (402) is arranged obliquely downward with the slope as the reference surface. The end of the transverse section of the secondary diversion ditch (402) is connected to the primary diversion ditch (401).

6. A slope ecological protection drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diversion channel (4) also includes a third-level diversion channel (403); The three-level diversion ditch (403) is set on the slope, and the three-level diversion ditch (403) is connected to the first-level diversion ditch (401).

7. A slope ecological protection drainage structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The three-stage diversion ditch (403) has an "L" shaped structure. The transverse section of the three-stage diversion ditch (403) is arranged obliquely downward with the slope as the reference surface. The end of the transverse section of the three-stage diversion ditch (403) is connected to the first-stage diversion ditch (401).

8. A slope ecological protection drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the intercepting ditch (2) is rectangular or "U" shaped.

9. A slope ecological protection drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the drainage ditch (3) is rectangular or "U" shaped.

10. A slope ecological protection drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Aquatic or wetland plants are planted in the intercepting ditch (2), the collecting ditch (3), and the diversion ditch (4).

Images