Yaw executing mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a yaw executing mechanism, and relates to the technical field of wind power generation. According to the technical key points, the yaw device comprises a tower mounting flange, a yaw bearing is arranged on the upper side of the tower mounting flange, the outer ring of the yaw bearing is connected with the top of a tower of the wind driven generator, and the inner ring of the yaw bearing is fixedly connected with a cabin base; a plurality of driving motors are further mounted on the cabin base, the driving motors are meshed with the outer gear ring through driving pinions, an annular brake disc is arranged on the inner side of a tower of the wind driven generator, and a plurality of brake calipers are arranged on the annular brake disc; the driving motor comprises a motor body, an auxiliary braking unit and a speed reducer. When the cabin at the top of the tower drum needs to be braked, the cabin can be braked through cooperative work of the auxiliary braking unit and the brake caliper, so that the burden of the brake caliper can be reduced, the service life of a friction plate in the brake caliper is prolonged, and the replacement frequency of the friction plate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular to a yaw actuator. Background Technology

[0002] The yaw actuator, also known as the yaw system, is the core mechanism used to adjust the position of the nacelle at the top of the tower during the operation of a wind turbine.

[0003] The main structure of the yaw actuator currently used in wind turbine generator sets includes: main frame (part of the generator nacelle), yaw drive unit, yaw brake, yaw bearing, yaw brake disc, and tower mounting flange. When the wind turbine generator set yaws (adjusts the nacelle angle to adapt to the actual wind direction), the pinion of the yaw drive unit meshes with the outer ring of the yaw bearing and rotates, driving the inner ring of the yaw bearing to rotate, which in turn drives the main frame to rotate, thereby realizing the yaw action. When the wind turbine generator set's rotor is in the windward position, the yaw brake clamps the yaw brake disc, keeping the rotor at the end of the nacelle in the windward position.

[0004] The existing yaw actuators have a relatively simple braking method, which mainly relies on the clamping of the yaw brake disc by the yaw brake to stop. As a result, the friction pads in the yaw brake will wear out relatively quickly during use, and the frequency of replacement of the friction pads by the staff will also increase. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a yaw actuator that adds a braking method to the yaw brake, which not only improves the braking effect but also effectively reduces the wear rate of the friction pads in the yaw brake.

[0006] The above-mentioned objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A yaw actuator includes a tower mounting flange, a yaw bearing is provided on the upper side of the tower mounting flange, an external gear ring is fixedly provided on the outer side of the outer ring of the yaw bearing, and the outer ring of the yaw bearing is fixedly connected to the top of the tower of the wind turbine through the tower mounting flange, and the inner ring of the yaw bearing is fixedly connected to the nacelle base.

[0008] Multiple drive motors are also fixedly installed on the nacelle base. The output end of the drive motor meshes with the external gear ring through a drive pinion. An annular brake disc is also fixedly connected to the inner side of the top of the wind turbine tower. Multiple brake calipers are arranged circumferentially on the inner side of the annular brake disc. The main body of each brake caliper is fixedly installed on the nacelle base.

[0009] The drive motor includes a motor body, an auxiliary braking unit, and a reducer connected in sequence along the vertical direction. The auxiliary braking unit can help the motor body stop rotating quickly when the power is off, and the reducer can reduce the speed of the motor body and increase its torque output.

[0010] Furthermore, the auxiliary braking unit is an electromagnetic brake, which is mounted on the output shaft of the motor body.

[0011] Furthermore, the reducer is a planetary gear reducer, which is also mounted on the output shaft of the motor body, but is located below the electromagnetic brake.

[0012] Furthermore, the brake caliper includes a main caliper body, with an upper caliper body and a lower caliper body respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the main caliper body. There is a gap between the upper caliper body and the lower caliper body, and the height of the gap is greater than the thickness of the brake disc. Each of the upper caliper body and the lower caliper body is provided with a piston, and the two pistons are connected to each other by a friction plate through an elastic element at their close ends.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic element is an adjusting spring, and the upper end of the adjusting spring is fixedly mounted on the piston at the corresponding position.

[0014] Furthermore, the piston has at least four adjusting springs, and these adjusting springs are evenly arranged in a matrix on the piston.

[0015] Furthermore, each of the friction plates has a sliding groove on one opposite side along its width direction, and the depth of the sliding groove is less than the depth of the friction plate. A limiting baffle is detachably connected to the end of the upper clamp or the lower clamp at the position corresponding to the sliding groove. The shape of the limiting baffle is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the sliding groove.

[0016] Furthermore, both the upper clamp and the lower clamp are provided with embedded grooves at positions corresponding to the limiting baffles on their adjacent ends, and the limiting baffles are fixedly installed in the embedded grooves at the corresponding positions by bolts.

[0017] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] In the yaw actuator of this application, in addition to the traditional yaw brake, an auxiliary braking unit is added to the output end of the motor body in the drive motor. When adjusting the angle of the wind turbine nacelle, after the motor body is powered off, the auxiliary braking unit quickly brakes the output shaft of the motor body, bringing it to a standstill. This causes the drive pinion at the end of the drive motor to also quickly come to a standstill. The drive pinion meshes with the external gear ring, and the stopped drive pinion generates resistance against the nacelle through the external gear ring. This resistance serves the same purpose as the brake caliper in the yaw brake, stopping the nacelle's rotation. Therefore, the auxiliary braking unit added to the drive motor in this application can effectively share some of the force required by the brake caliper to stop the nacelle, thus effectively reducing the wear rate of the friction pads in the brake caliper, thereby extending the service life of the friction pads and reducing the frequency of friction pad replacement by personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the wind turbine nacelle equipped with the yaw actuator of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the nacelle underframe, the top of the tower, and the yaw actuator between them in this application;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Top view of the structure;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the brake caliper in this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the state after the friction pads in the lower caliper body of the brake caliper of this application have been removed.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1. Tower mounting flange; 2. Yaw bearing; 3. External gear ring; 4. Nacelle base; 5. Drive motor; 51. Motor body; 52. Electromagnetic brake; 53. Planetary gear reducer; 6. Drive pinion; 7. Annular brake disc; 8. Brake caliper; 81. Main caliper body; 82. Upper caliper body; 83. Lower caliper body; 84. Piston; 85. Adjusting spring; 86. Friction plate; 9. Sliding groove; 10. Limiting stop plate; 11. Embedded groove. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this application discloses a yaw actuator, which includes a tower mounting flange 1, a yaw bearing 2 on the upper side of the tower mounting flange 1, an external gear ring 3 fixedly provided on the outer side of the outer ring of the yaw bearing 2, and the outer ring of the yaw bearing 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the wind turbine tower through the tower mounting flange 1, and the inner ring of the yaw bearing 2 is fixedly connected to the nacelle base 4.

[0028] Multiple drive motors 5 are also fixedly installed on the nacelle base 4. The output end of the drive motor 5 meshes with the external gear ring 3 through the drive pinion 6. An annular brake disc 7 is also fixedly connected to the inner side of the top of the wind turbine tower. Multiple brake calipers 8 are arranged circumferentially on the inner side of the annular brake disc 7. The main body of the brake calipers 8 is fixedly installed on the nacelle base 4.

[0029] The drive motor 5 includes a motor body 51, an auxiliary braking unit, and a reducer connected in sequence along the vertical direction. The auxiliary braking unit can help the motor body 51 stop rotating quickly when the power is off, and the reducer can reduce the speed of the motor body 51 and increase its torque output.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the yaw bearing 2 is the core component that connects the tower and the nacelle. The yaw bearing 2 consists of an outer ring, an inner ring, and balls that can roll freely between them. The outer ring of the yaw bearing 2 is connected to the top of the wind turbine tower via the tower mounting flange 1, while the inner ring is connected to the nacelle base 4. This allows the nacelle to rotate freely on the top of the tower via the yaw bearing 2. The drive motor 5, located on the top of the nacelle, is the power device that provides power for the rotation of the nacelle. When the wind direction and wind force sensor sends a signal to the drive motor 5 that the nacelle angle needs to be adjusted, the drive motor 5 can rotate on the outer gear ring 3 using the drive pinion 6 on its output end, thereby causing the entire nacelle to rotate around the center of the tower. The annular brake disc 7 used to stop the nacelle in the yaw actuator is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top of the tower, and the brake caliper 8 is fixedly connected to the nacelle base 4. In this way, when the brake caliper 8 is activated, it clamps the annular brake disc 7, and the friction generated between the two can be used to force the nacelle to stop rotating. These principles are existing technologies in existing wind turbines, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0031] In the yaw actuator of this application, in addition to the traditional yaw brake, an auxiliary braking unit is added to the output end of the motor body 51 in the drive motor 5. When the angle of the wind turbine nacelle is adjusted, after the motor body 51 is de-energized, the auxiliary braking unit will quickly brake the output shaft of the motor body 51, thereby keeping the output shaft of the motor body 51 stationary. As a result, the drive pinion 6 at the end of the drive motor 5 will also quickly come to a stop. The drive pinion 6 meshes with the external gear ring 3. At this time, the stopped drive pinion 6 can generate resistance to the nacelle through the external gear ring 3. This resistance has the same purpose as the brake caliper 8 in the yaw brake, which is to stop the nacelle from rotating. Therefore, the auxiliary braking unit added in the drive motor 5 of this application can effectively share some of the force required by the brake caliper 8 to stop the nacelle, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate of the brake caliper 8 and thus increasing its service life. Consequently, the frequency of brake caliper 8 replacement by the staff can also be reduced.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the auxiliary braking unit is an electromagnetic brake 52, which is mounted on the output shaft of the motor body 51.

[0033] In the above embodiments, the electromagnetic brake 52 is a commonly used automated execution device that can be freely engaged, disengaged, or braked as needed. It has advantages such as compact structure, simple operation, sensitive response, long lifespan, reliable use, and ease of remote control. To reduce braking torque and structural size, the electromagnetic brake 52 is typically mounted on the high-speed shaft of the equipment. Since the output shaft of the motor body 51 in this application is a high-speed shaft, the electromagnetic brake 52 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor body 51. The electromagnetic brake 52 can respond to commands in milliseconds, immediately triggering braking action when the motor body 51 is powered off or a system malfunction occurs, preventing accidents caused by inertial slippage of the entire equipment. When adjusting the angle of the engine compartment, it can also cooperate with the brake caliper 8 to reduce engine compartment displacement deviation caused by inertia, effectively improving the adjustment accuracy of the engine compartment angle.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the reducer is a planetary gear reducer 53, which is also mounted on the output shaft of the motor body 51, but the planetary gear reducer 53 is located below the electromagnetic brake 52.

[0035] In the above embodiments, since the output shaft of the motor body 51 rotates at a high speed after startup, the torque is also low, which is not conducive to driving the entire nacelle to rotate. Therefore, this application adds a planetary gear reducer 53 to the end of the output shaft of the motor body 51 to reduce the speed of the motor body 51 and increase the torque of the output power, so that the nacelle can rotate smoothly and safely on the top of the tower. In addition, the planetary gear reducer 53 has a more compact structure than other types of reducers, which makes it more suitable for use in the limited space inside the wind turbine generator.

[0036] The housing of the motor body 51 near the output shaft can be fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing of the electromagnetic brake 52 via a flange. The lower end of the housing of the electromagnetic brake 52 can be connected to the upper end of the housing of the planetary gear reducer 53 via another flange. The lower end of the housing of the planetary gear reducer 53 can be fastened to the engine compartment frame with bolts and nuts. In this way, the entire drive motor 5 can be fixedly connected to the engine compartment frame. The braking element of the electromagnetic brake 52 is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor body 51, which facilitates the braking operation of the output shaft of the motor body 51. After passing through the electromagnetic brake 52, the output shaft of the motor body 51 is connected to the input shaft of the planetary gear reducer 53 via a coupling. In this way, when the output shaft of the motor body 51 is working, the planetary gear reducer 53 can change the speed of the motor body 51. The output shaft of the planetary gear reducer 53 is connected to the drive pinion 6, so that the high torque power converted from it can be directly applied to the drive pinion 6. These are all basic common sense about the use of electromagnetic brake 52 and planetary gear reducer 53. For the sake of understanding this application, only a brief explanation is given here.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the brake caliper 8 includes a main caliper body 81. The upper and lower sides of the main caliper body 81 are respectively provided with an upper caliper body 82 and a lower caliper body 83. There is a gap between the upper caliper body 82 and the lower caliper body 83. The height of the gap is greater than the thickness of the brake disc. A piston 84 is provided in both the upper caliper body 82 and the lower caliper body 83. The two pistons 84 are connected to friction plates 86 by elastic elements at their close ends.

[0038] In the above embodiments, the brake caliper 8 in the wind turbine is a normally open hydraulic brake caliper 8. The upper caliper body 82 and the lower caliper body 83 in the brake caliper 8 are located on the upper and lower sides of the annular brake disc 7 under normal conditions. Each of the upper caliper body 82 and the lower caliper body 83 of the brake caliper 8 has a piston cylinder. Each piston cylinder is equipped with a piston 84. The piston cylinder space on the side of the two pistons 84 that is far apart from each other is connected to the oil passage in the main caliper body 81. A friction plate 86 is installed on the side of the two pistons 84 that is close to each other. When braking is required, high-pressure oil will enter the two piston cylinders in the brake caliper 8, thereby pushing the two pistons 84 to move closer to each other. When the two friction plates 86 clamp the annular brake disc 7, the braking effect can be achieved. Since the brake caliper 8 is driven by hydraulic oil, there is a risk of grease leakage during use. If the grease leakage is not detected by the worker in time, the grease dripping onto the annular brake disc 7 and acting together with dust, gravel or metal fragments in the engine compartment can easily cause rust or form a hard layer of protrusions on the surface of the annular brake disc 7. All of these will cause the surface of the annular brake disc 7 to become uneven. In this application, the piston 84 and the friction pad 86 are connected by an elastic element. In this way, when braking the annular brake disc 7, it can be adjusted in real time within a certain adjustment range according to the shape of the surface of the annular brake disc 7, so as to ensure that the friction pad 86 always has a good contact with the surface of the annular brake disc 7 during the braking process, thereby effectively improving the braking effect.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the elastic element is an adjusting spring 85, and the upper end of the adjusting spring 85 is fixedly installed on the piston 84 at the corresponding position.

[0040] In the above embodiments, the elastic element of this application is an adjusting spring 85. When subjected to compressive force, the adjusting spring 85 can change the protrusion thickness of the friction plate 86 through elastic deformation. After the force is released, the friction plate 86 can quickly return to its original position. Moreover, it has the advantages of mature technology, simple structure, and low maintenance cost. The force-displacement relationship of the adjusting spring 85 can be adjusted by design to meet the customized needs of the site. In actual use, the surface of the adjusting spring 85 can be oxidized to improve its environmental resistance during use.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, there are no fewer than four adjusting springs 85 on the piston 84, and these adjusting springs 85 are evenly arranged in a matrix on the piston 84.

[0042] In the above embodiments, the number of adjusting springs 85 on the piston 84 is preferably ten. The ten adjusting springs 85 are arranged in a matrix in the space between the piston 84 and the friction plate 86. In this way, when in use, the multiple adjusting springs 85 can provide uniform support force to the friction plate 86, so as to ensure that the friction plate 86 moves smoothly in the vertical direction and that the wear on its surface is as uniform as possible during use.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the friction plate 86 is provided with sliding grooves 9 on one opposite side along its width direction, and the depth of the sliding grooves 9 is less than the depth of the friction plate 86. A limiting baffle 10 can be detachably connected to the end of the upper clamp 82 or the lower clamp 83 at the corresponding position of the sliding groove 9. The shape of the limiting baffle 10 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the sliding groove 9.

[0044] In the above embodiments, the sliding groove 9 on the friction plate 86 does not penetrate the friction plate 86 vertically. This allows the upper end of the friction plate 86 to be engaged in the limiting baffle 10 during use, preventing it from disengaging from the piston cylinder within the upper clamp 82 or lower clamp 83. The limiting baffle 10, with the same cross-sectional shape as the sliding groove 9 on the friction plate 86, is detachably connected to the corresponding upper clamp 82 or lower clamp 83. This facilitates the removal of the limiting baffle 10 for subsequent replacement of the friction plate 86.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the upper clamp body 82 and the lower clamp body 83 are provided with embedded grooves 11 at the positions corresponding to the limiting baffles 10 on their close-to-each ends. The limiting baffles 10 are fixedly installed in the embedded grooves 11 at the corresponding positions by bolts.

[0046] In the above embodiments, embedded grooves 11 are provided at the positions corresponding to the upper clamp body 82 and the lower clamp body 83 and each limiting baffle 10. This ensures that the limiting baffle 10 does not protrude too much at the close ends of the upper clamp body 82 and the lower clamp body 83 after installation, so that more parts of the friction plate 86 can be used later.

[0047] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: when the wind direction sensor on the wind turbine generator set gives a signal that the nacelle angle needs to be adjusted, the motor body 51 in the drive motor 5 will start and use the drive pinion 6 to rotate on the outer gear ring 3 on the outer ring of the yaw bearing 2, thereby causing the entire nacelle to rotate around the center of the tower. After the blade angle on the nacelle is adjusted, the motor body 51 can be de-energized. At this time, the electromagnetic brake 52 installed on the output shaft of the motor body 51 will be energized and activated to quickly brake the output shaft of the motor. At the same time, the brake calipers 8 on multiple annular brake discs 7 will also pump oil synchronously. The pistons 84 in their respective upper caliper bodies 82 and lower caliper bodies 83 drive the friction plates 86 to clamp onto the annular brake discs 7. Since the drive motor 5 and the annular brake discs 7 of this application are braked at the same time, compared with the prior art method of only braking the annular brake discs 7 through the brake calipers 8, the braking effect is not only more stable and safe, but also the force that the friction plates 86 in the brake calipers 8 have to bear during the braking action can be effectively reduced. In this way, the wear rate of the friction plates 86 can also be reduced, and the service life of the friction plates 86 can be improved to a certain extent. As a result, the frequency of replacement of the friction plates 86 by the staff can also be reduced.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A yaw actuator, characterized in that: The system includes a tower mounting flange (1), a yaw bearing (2) is provided on the upper side of the tower mounting flange (1), an external gear ring (3) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the outer ring of the yaw bearing (2), and the outer ring of the yaw bearing (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the wind turbine tower through the tower mounting flange (1), and the inner ring of the yaw bearing (2) is fixedly connected to the nacelle base (4). Multiple drive motors (5) are also fixedly installed on the nacelle base (4). The output end of the drive motor (5) meshes with the external gear ring (3) through the drive pinion (6). An annular brake disc (7) is also fixedly connected to the inner side of the top of the wind turbine tower. Multiple brake calipers (8) are arranged circumferentially on the inner side of the annular brake disc (7). The main body of the brake calipers (8) is fixedly installed on the nacelle base (4). The drive motor (5) includes a motor body (51), an auxiliary braking unit and a reducer connected together in a vertical direction. The auxiliary braking unit can help the motor body (51) stop rotating quickly when the power is off. The reducer can reduce the speed of the motor body (51) and increase its torque output.

2. The yaw actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary braking unit is an electromagnetic brake (52), which is installed on the output shaft of the motor body (51).

3. The yaw actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reducer is a planetary gear reducer (53), which is also mounted on the output shaft of the motor body (51), but the planetary gear reducer (53) is located below the electromagnetic brake (52).

4. The yaw actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The brake caliper (8) includes a main caliper body (81), with an upper caliper body (82) and a lower caliper body (83) respectively on the upper and lower sides of the main caliper body (81). There is a gap between the upper caliper body (82) and the lower caliper body (83), and the height of the gap is greater than the thickness of the brake disc. A piston (84) is provided in both the upper caliper body (82) and the lower caliper body (83). The two pistons (84) are connected to each other by a friction plate (86) through an elastic element at their close ends.

5. The yaw actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic element is an adjusting spring (85), and the upper end of the adjusting spring (85) is fixedly installed on the piston (84) at the corresponding position.

6. The yaw actuator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston (84) has at least four adjusting springs (85), and these adjusting springs (85) are evenly arranged in a matrix on the piston (84).

7. The yaw actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The friction plate (86) is provided with a sliding groove (9) on one opposite side along its width direction, and the depth of the sliding groove (9) is less than the depth of the friction plate (86). A limiting baffle (10) can be detachably connected to the end of the upper clamp (82) or the lower clamp (83) at the corresponding position of the sliding groove (9). The shape of the limiting baffle (10) is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the sliding groove (9).

8. The yaw actuator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper clamp (82) and the lower clamp (83) are provided with embedded grooves (11) at the positions corresponding to the limiting baffle (10) on their close ends. The limiting baffle (10) is fixedly installed in the embedded groove (11) at the corresponding position by bolts.

Images