Adjusting device for opening and closing chuck

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of machine tool chucks, and particularly relates to an adjusting device for opening and closing a chuck. The adjusting device acts on the bevel pinion of the chuck and comprises an adjusting mechanism and an expanding mechanism connected to the bevel pinion, the output end of the adjusting mechanism is connected with the expanding mechanism in a matched mode, the expanding mechanism is connected with the bevel pinion in a matched mode, and rotating torque output by the adjusting mechanism is transmitted to the bevel pinion through the expanding mechanism. The expansion mechanism is driven by the adjusting mechanism to rotate so as to drive the bevel pinion of the chuck to rotate, so that the problem that the chuck for the machine tool needs to be manually clamped is solved, the workpiece machining efficiency is greatly improved, the clamping stroke of the chuck is prolonged, and the machining efficiency is improved. Due to the fact that the clamping stroke is prolonged, production efficiency is improved, machining precision and consistency are guaranteed, and product quality is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of machine tool chucks, and particularly relates to a chuck opening and closing adjusting device. BACKGROUND

[0002] A chuck is a mechanical device used for clamping workpieces on a machine tool, such as a lathe. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, taking a three-jaw chuck as an example, a machine tool chuck generally comprises a chuck body, chuck jaws, a large bevel gear, and a small bevel gear. First, the small bevel gear is rotated by a chuck wrench; then the rotation of the small bevel gear further drives the rotation of the large bevel gear, and the rotation of the large bevel gear promotes the displacement of the chuck jaws in the radial direction of the chuck body, which causes the size of the working area formed at the end of the chuck jaws to change; finally, this change realizes the clamping and loosening functions of the workpiece.

[0003] At present, the clamping of a workpiece by a machine tool chuck mainly relies on manual operation, that is, a worker manually rotates a chuck wrench to drive the rotation of a small bevel gear. This manual operation method not only consumes time and effort, but also performs poorly in the consistency of clamping force, affecting the machining precision and efficiency. With the increasing popularity of machine tool automated production lines, the manual tightening of a chuck has become a key factor restricting the overall automation level of the automated line. This limitation leads to the need for more human involvement in the automated line, reducing production efficiency and increasing labor costs. In view of this problem, although some machine tools have attempted to use powered chucks to achieve automatic clamping of workpieces, such powered chucks generally have the problem of insufficient automatic clamping stroke. This defect limits the versatility of the powered chucks under different workpieces and machining requirements, making their actual application effect unsatisfactory.

[0004] In summary, the manual clamping method of a machine tool chuck and the limitations of a powered chuck are problems that need to be solved in current machine tool automation production. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a chuck opening and closing adjusting device for solving the limitations of the manual clamping method of an existing machine tool chuck and a powered chuck.

[0006] The embodiments of the present application can be implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A chuck opening and closing adjusting device, which acts on the small bevel gear of a chuck, comprises an adjusting mechanism and an expansion mechanism connected to the small bevel gear, the output end of the adjusting mechanism is connected to the expansion mechanism, the expansion mechanism is connected to the small bevel gear, and the rotation torque output by the adjusting mechanism is transmitted to the small bevel gear through the expansion mechanism.

[0008] Further, the adjusting mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a driving part and a torque output part, the mounting frame is connected with the machine tool, the driving part and the torque output part are connected to the mounting frame, the output end of the driving part is connected with the torque output part, and the output end of the torque output part is connected with the expansion mechanism in a matched mode.

[0009] Further, the driving part comprises a first driving structure and a speed reducer, the torque output part comprises a transmission structure, an output shaft and an output head, the output end of the first driving structure is connected with the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the output shaft through the transmission structure, one end of the output head is connected with the output shaft, and the other end of the output head is connected with the expansion mechanism in a matched mode.

[0010] The output head comprises a first matched part, a first limiting part and a second matched part connected in sequence along the length direction of the output head, the first limiting part is abutted and limited with the output shaft at one end of the output shaft, and the second matched part is connected with the expansion mechanism in a matched mode.

[0011] The first limiting part and the second matched part are connected through a first round corner with a smooth transition, and the R arc of the first round corner is not less than 1mm.

[0012] Further, the mounting frame comprises a bracket, a supporting plate and a height adjusting structure, the bottom end of the bracket is connected with the machine tool, the top end of the bracket is connected with the supporting plate through the height adjusting structure, and the height adjusting structure can adjust the height and angle of the supporting plate relative to the bracket.

[0013] The adjusting mechanism further comprises a displacement part, the displacement part is connected above the mounting frame in a sliding mode, the driving part and the torque output part are mounted on the displacement part, and the displacement part can drive the torque output part to repeatedly displace along the extension direction of the torque output part.

[0014] Further, the expansion mechanism comprises an expansion output head and an expansion output head sleeve, the expansion mechanism is provided with a sink groove extending along the radial direction of the chuck, one end of the expansion output head is connected with the output end of the adjusting mechanism in a large gap matched mode through the sink groove, the expansion output head is connected in the expansion output head sleeve and one end of the expansion output head is inserted into the bevel pinion and connected with the bevel pinion in a transition matched mode, and the expansion output head sleeve is connected with the outside of the chuck in a matched mode.

[0015] The tightening torque of the bevel pinion is 350N·m, the output head and the expansion output head are made of 42CrMo material, and the length-diameter ratio of the output shaft is less than 15:1.

[0016] The R arc of the circumferential round corner of the output head is not less than 2mm.

[0017] The sink groove is 0.5mm-2mm smaller than each single side of the output head.

[0018] Further, the expansion output head comprises a third matching part, a second limiting part and a fourth matching part arranged in sequence along the length direction of the expansion output head, the expansion output head sleeve comprises a first mounting part, a second mounting part and a third limiting part arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the chuck, the first mounting part is connected to the outside of the chuck, the second mounting part is a hollow shell structure, and the third limiting part is a limiting structure located at the end of the second mounting part away from the chuck.

[0019] The third matching part is inserted into the outside hole of the bevel pinion and is in transition fit with the outside hole, the second limiting part is accommodated in the second mounting part and abuts against the third limiting part at one end and abuts against the outside of the bevel pinion at the other end, and the fourth matching part has an opening end of the sink groove on the side away from the chuck.

[0020] The third matching part and the second limiting part are connected through a second round corner with a R arc not less than 1mm.

[0021] Preferably, the expansion mechanism further comprises a gasket mounted between the expansion output head and the expansion output head sleeve.

[0022] Preferably, the output head and the sink groove are both of non-circular structure in cross section.

[0023] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism further comprises a numerical control system electrically connected with the first driving structure, the adjusting mechanism monitors the difference between the output torque of the first driving structure and the preset chuck tightening torque through the numerical control system and controls the output torque of the first driving structure.

[0024] Preferably, the first driving structure is equipped with an encoder.

[0025] The adjusting device for opening and closing the chuck provided by the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The adjusting device drives the expansion mechanism to rotate and in turn drives the bevel pinion of the chuck to rotate, thereby solving the problem that the chuck of the machine tool needs to be clamped manually, greatly improving the efficiency of processing workpieces, prolonging the clamping stroke of the chuck, improving the production efficiency, ensuring the machining precision and consistency and improving the product quality.

[0027] The application can greatly improve the efficiency of chuck tightening or loosening under the control of the numerical control system by controlling the output torque of the first driving structure through the cooperation of the first driving structure and the speed reducer, and ensures the consistency of repeated clamping force output, avoids the problems of workpiece deformation, throwing and other problems caused by excessive or insufficient clamping force when manually clamping, ensures the precision of workpiece processing, and the speed reducer can increase the output torque of the adjusting mechanism; The application increases the rotating torque while ensuring the output power and consistency through the cooperation of the first driving structure and the speed reducer, further improves the clamping stroke of the chuck;

[0028] The one end of the expansion output head in the application cooperates with the large gap of the output head, the other end cooperates with the small bevel gear transition, and the cross sections of the output head and the sink groove are non-circular structures, which ensures that the output head can be smoothly inserted when repeatedly inserted into the expansion mechanism, avoids the generation of insertion difficulty problems caused by machine tool workbench positioning angle error and other reasons, and also realizes the effect of tightening anti-slip;

[0029] The application can realize the adjustment of the height and angle of the output head through the cooperation of the supporting plate and the displacement part, and ensure that the output head and the sink groove are connected in cooperation with appropriate height and height;

[0030] The application gradually disperses the reaction of the chuck to the adjusting mechanism through the mounting frame, transmission structure, displacement part and other structures, reduces the reaction force of the chuck to the driving part, prolongs the service life of the adjusting mechanism while ensuring the tightening or loosening effect and efficiency;

[0031] The encoder inside the first driving structure can record and calculate the actual moving distance of the claw through the encoder, and compare it with the size of the workpiece to be clamped, which is used as the second detection to verify whether the workpiece is clamped or loosened to the position by the claw, and if the claw is stuck by iron filings, an alarm will be prompted to indicate that the workpiece clamping is abnormal;

[0032] The application ensures automatic tightening and loosening through the first driving structure and the second driving structure, and the adjusting mechanism main body is retracted through the second driving structure after the chuck is tightened, the overall structure of the device is compact, and the application range is wide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the existing three-jaw chuck;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a whole structure diagram of the adjusting mechanism in the application;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the adjusting mechanism in the application;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a whole structure diagram of the bearing chamber in the application;

[0037] Figure 5 Overall structure diagram of the output shaft in the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 Sectional view of the output shaft in the present application;

[0039] Figure 7 Overall structure diagram of the output head in the present application;

[0040] Figure 8 Side view of the output head in the present application;

[0041] Figure 9 Overall structure diagram of the expansion mechanism and chuck connection in the present application;

[0042] Figure 10 Side view of the expansion mechanism and chuck connection in the present application;

[0043] Figure 11 Sectional view of the expansion mechanism and chuck connection in the present application;

[0044] Figure 12 Overall structure diagram of the expansion output head in the present application;

[0045] Figure 13 Overall structure diagram of the expansion output head in the present application from another angle;

[0046] Figure 14 Overall structure diagram of the expansion output head cover in the present application;

[0047] Figure 15 Overall structure diagram of the expansion output head cover in the present application from another angle;

[0048] Figure 16 Overall structure diagram of the bracket in the present application;

[0049] Figure 17 Overall structure diagram of the tray in the present application;

[0050] Figure 18 Overall structure diagram of the slide in the present application.

[0051] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the chuck body 1, the large bevel gear 2, the small bevel gear 3, the adjusting mechanism 4, the mounting frame 41, the bracket 411, the support plate 412, the height adjusting structure 413, the driving part 42, the first driving structure 421, the speed reducer 422, the torque output part 43, the transmission structure 431, the bearing chamber 4311, the bearing spacer 4312, the bearing 4313, the output shaft 432, the first matching hole 4321, the second matching hole 4322, the output head 433, the first matching part 4331, the first limiting part 4332, the second matching part 4333, the first flat key 434, the second flat key 435, the displacement part 44, the second driving structure 441, the guide rail 442, the sliding block 443, the connecting frame 444, the sliding seat 445, the bottom plate 4451, the vertical plate 4452, the reinforcing rib 4453, the expansion mechanism 5, the sink groove 51, the expansion output head 52, the third matching part 521, the second limiting part 522, the fourth matching part 523, the expansion output head sleeve 53, the first mounting part 531, the second mounting part 532, the third limiting part 533, the gasket 54. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Hereinafter, the present application will be further described based on the preferred embodiments and with reference to the drawings.

[0053] The words in the specification of the present application are used for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application, but are not intended to limit the present application. Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the terms "arranged", "connected", "linked" appear, they should be interpreted broadly, for example, can be fixedly connected, can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be specifically understood.

[0054] In addition, in the description in the embodiments of the present application, various components on the drawing are amplified or reduced for the convenience of understanding, but this practice is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0055] The application provides a chuck opening and closing adjusting device which acts on a small bevel gear 3 of a chuck, and comprises an adjusting mechanism 4 and an expansion mechanism 5 connected to the small bevel gear 3. The output end of the adjusting mechanism 4 is connected to the expansion mechanism 5 in a matched mode, the expansion mechanism 5 is connected to the small bevel gear 3 in a matched mode, the adjusting mechanism 4 is used for generating a rotating torque and outputting the rotating torque to the expansion mechanism 5, and the expansion mechanism 5 is used for transmitting the rotating torque generated by the adjusting mechanism 4 to the small bevel gear 3 of the chuck. The rotation of the small bevel gear 3 drives the rotation of a large bevel gear 2, and then drives the chuck to tighten or loosen a workpiece. The adjusting mechanism 4 of the application transmits the torque to the chuck through the expansion mechanism 5 in a mechanical automatic transmission mode, solves the problem of time-consuming and laborious caused by manual operation of the chuck, greatly improves the automation degree and processing efficiency, and guarantees the size of the output torque through the automatic mode, and then controls the consistency of the clamping force of the chuck claw on the workpiece. In addition, the application prolongs the clamping stroke of the chuck and improves the universality of the chuck operation through the cooperation of the adjusting mechanism 4 and the expansion mechanism 5.

[0056] The specific structure of the adjusting mechanism 4 will be described in detail below.

[0057] Figure 2 And Figure 3 The overall structure diagram and the sectional view of the adjusting mechanism 4 in the application are shown in Figs. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in Figs.

[0058] Specifically, the torque output part 43 comprises a transmission structure 431, an output shaft 432 and an output head 433. One end of the transmission structure 431 is connected to the driving part 42, and the other end is connected to the output shaft 432. The output head 433 is connected to the end of the output shaft 431 away from the driving part 42. The input end of the output shaft 431 is connected to the output end of the driving part 42, and the output head 433 is connected to the expansion mechanism 5 in a matched mode. The transmission structure 431 transmits the torque output by the driving part 42 to the output shaft 432, and then transmits the torque to the expansion mechanism 5 through the output head 433.

[0059] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the transmission structure 431 is a bearing type structure, which has the advantages of stable support, reduced energy loss and friction, accurate positioning, high rotation accuracy, stable and efficient transmission. It can be imagined that the transmission structure 431 can also be a gear type structure, a belt type transmission structure, and a turbine worm type transmission structure, etc. In actual application, the appropriate transmission structure 431 can be selected based on the requirements.

[0060] In some specific embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 3 The transmission structure 431 includes a bearing chamber 4311, a bearing spacer 4312, and a bearing 4313. The bearing chamber 4311 is connected to the end of the output shaft 432 away from the output head 433, which is a hollow rotary body structure. Two disc deep groove ball bearings 4313 are installed inside the bearing chamber 4311. The bearing spacer 4312 is used to separate the bearings 4313. The outer ring of the bearing 4313 cooperates with the bearing chamber 4311, and the inner ring cooperates with the outer peripheral surface of the output shaft 432. As shown in Figure 4 The bearing chamber 4311 is used to install the bearing 4313 and restrict the output shaft 432 to only rotate with the inner ring of the bearing 4313, which ensures the stability of the rotation while supporting stably.

[0061] In some specific embodiments of the present application, Figure 5 and Figure 6 respectively show the overall structure and cross-sectional view of the output shaft 432 in the present application. As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 The output shaft 432 is a shaft type part with high torsional strength and a certain length. One end is provided with a first matching hole 4321 matched with the output end of the driving part 42, and the other end is provided with a second matching hole 4322 matched with the output head 433. The output shaft 432 provides connection for the driving part 42 and the output head 433, and transmits torque and provides support for the output head 433.

[0062] Further, as shown in Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first matching hole 4321 is connected with the output end of the driving part 42 through the first flat key 434. The first matching hole 4321 is machined with a first key groove for installing the first flat key 434. The second matching hole 4322 is connected with the output head 433 through the second flat key 435. The second matching hole 4322 is machined with a second key groove for installing the second flat key 435. The first flat key 434 and the second flat key 435 not only realize the connection of the output shaft 432 with the driving part 42 and the output head 433, but also transmit torque and power, ensuring the stability of the operation.

[0063] It can be imagined that the output shaft 432 can also be connected with the driving part 42 and the output head 433 through a half-round key, a spline, etc. No matter what kind of connection is adopted, as long as the stable connection of the output shaft 432 with other structures and the transmission of torque can be ensured, and further description is not given here.

[0064] In some specific embodiments of the present application, Figure 7 and Figure 8 respectively show the overall structure of the output head 433 at different angles in the present application, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 It is shown that one end of the output head 433 is connected with the output shaft 432, and the other end is connected with the expansion mechanism 5.

[0065] In some specific embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 It is shown that one end of the output head 433 is inserted into the output shaft 432 and connected with the output shaft 432 through the second flat key 435, and the other end is connected with the expansion mechanism 5.

[0066] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, in order to further ensure the stability of the connection between the output head 433 and the output shaft 432, a fastening structure is further arranged between the output head 433 and the output shaft 432 to prevent the output head 433 from falling off the output shaft 432.

[0067] In some specific embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 3 The fastening structure is a fastening bolt, and the shank of the fastening bolt penetrates through the output head 433 and the output shaft 432 to fasten the detachable connection. It can be imagined that the fastening structure can also be a stud, a screw, a rivet, a welding nail, etc. No matter what kind of structure is adopted, as long as the fastening connection of the output head 433 with the output shaft 432 can be further ensured.

[0068] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the output head 433 comprises a first connecting part 4331, a first limiting part 4332 and a second connecting part 4333 connected in sequence along the length direction of the output head 433, the first connecting part 4331 is inserted into the output shaft 432 and connected with the second flat key 435 and the fastening structure, the first limiting part 4332 abuts against and limits the output shaft 432 at one end thereof, and the second connecting part 4333 is connected with the expansion mechanism 5. The torque transmitted by the output shaft 432 is transmitted to the expansion mechanism 5 and the small bevel gear 3 through the second connecting part 4333, and the output shaft 432 can drive the second connecting part 4333, the expansion mechanism 5 and the small bevel gear 3 to rotate synchronously, so as to realize the tightening or loosening of the workpiece by the chuck claw.

[0069] It can be imagined that the second matching part 4333 can be connected with the expansion mechanism 5 through plug-in, clamping, movable connection, detachable connection and the like.

[0070] In some specific embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the second matching part 4333 is a boss structure, and the expansion mechanism 5 is a recess structure matched with the boss structure to realize torque transmission.

[0071] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the second matching part 4333 is matched with the expansion mechanism 5 with a large gap. If the matching gap between the second matching part 4333 and the expansion mechanism 5 is small, the output head 433 cannot be normally inserted into the expansion mechanism 5, so the second matching part 4333 and the expansion mechanism 5 are matched with a large gap to ensure that the output head 433 can be smoothly inserted into the expansion mechanism 5 when repeatedly inserted into the expansion mechanism 5, avoiding the problem of difficult insertion caused by large positioning angle error of the machine tool workbench.

[0072] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the end surface of the output head 433 is provided with a guide angle structure to provide a guiding effect during the insertion of the output head 433 into the expansion mechanism 5.

[0073] Further, to avoid the problem of slipping when the output head 433 and the expansion mechanism 5 transmit a larger torque, the cross section of the output head 433 is a non-circular structure. It can be imagined that the cross section of the output head 433 can be an ellipse, a T shape, a triangle and other polygons, regular or irregular shapes. Regardless of the shape, the cross section of the sink groove 51 matches the shape of the cross section of the output head 433, which can ensure large gap matching while achieving the effect of tightening and anti-slip.

[0074] In some specific embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the cross section of the output head 433 is a square structure, and the expansion mechanism 5 is provided with a square sink groove 51 matched with the output head 433.

[0075] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the driving part 42 includes a first driving structure 421 and a speed reducer 422, the first driving structure 421 is used to output the power rotating in the circumferential direction to provide the power for tightening or loosening the chuck, and the speed reducer 422 is used to reduce the rotating speed of the output shaft 432, thereby increasing the torque of the output shaft 432. Through the cooperation of the first driving structure 421 and the speed reducer 422, the rotating torque is increased while the output power is ensured, thereby further improving the automatic clamping stroke of the chuck.

[0076] Further, the input end of the speed reducer 422 is connected with the output end of the first driving structure 421, and the output end thereof is connected with the output shaft 432 through the transmission structure 431.

[0077] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 16 , the mounting frame 41 comprises a bracket 411, which is used to realize the connection between the adjusting mechanism 4 and the machine tool or the like.

[0078] It can be imagined that the bracket 411 can also be provided in a square, plate or the like structure, no matter what structure is adopted, as long as the connection between the adjusting mechanism 4 and the machine tool or the like can be realized.

[0079] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the bracket 411 is a triangular structure, which can withstand a larger reaction force while ensuring stable connection, so as to ensure the service life of the adjusting mechanism 4.

[0080] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the mounting frame 41 further comprises a supporting plate 412, which is used to adjust the height of the driving part 42 and the torque output part 43, so as to facilitate the cooperative connection between the output head 433 and the expansion mechanism 5, and the supporting plate 412 can not be in direct contact with the bracket 411, further improving the ability of the mounting frame 41 to withstand the reaction force.

[0081] Further, as shown in Figure 17 , the supporting plate 412 is a flat structure with a certain thickness and strength, and the bottom thereof is connected with the bracket 411 through a height adjusting structure 413.

[0082] It can be imagined that the supporting plate 412 can be connected with the bracket 411 through a cylinder, a hydraulic rod or the like driving structure, or through an adjusting rod or the like structure.

[0083] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the height adjusting structure 413 is an adjusting rod, which supports four corners of the supporting plate 412 respectively and is connected with the bracket 411 through a threaded connection, and the height and / or horizontal position of the supporting plate 412 are adjusted by adjusting the extension length of the adjusting rod, so that the output head 433 can be smoothly inserted into the sink groove 51 of the expansion mechanism 5, and then the supporting plate 412 is fixed by screwing it tightly on the adjusting rod after the position of the supporting plate 412 is adjusted, which has the advantages of low cost, stable connection and convenient adjustment.

[0084] Further, in order to ensure the stable connection between the supporting plate 412 and the bracket 411, a fixing screw is further connected between the supporting plate 412 and the bracket 411.

[0085] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, a gasket is further arranged between the support plate 412 and the height adjustment structure 413, which ensures the stability of the support plate 412 after being fixed, and prevents the problem that the adjustment mechanism 4 is unstable due to the tilting force of the height adjustment structure 413 borne by the support plate 412.

[0086] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the gasket can be square, spherical or other structures.

[0087] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the adjustment mechanism 4 further comprises a displacement part 44 which is slidingly connected above the mounting frame 41, and the driving part 42 and the torque output part 43 are mounted on the displacement part 44. The displacement part 44 can drive the torque output part 43 to reciprocally displace along the length direction of the output head 433, and cooperates with the height adjustment structure 413 to ensure that the output head 433 is connected with the sink groove 51 at a suitable height and angle.

[0088] It can be imagined that the displacement part 44 can be a lever type displacement mechanism, a screw roller displacement mechanism, an electronic adjustment mechanism, a combination of a threaded screw rod and a displacement block, etc.

[0089] In some specific embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 the displacement part 44 comprises a second driving structure 441, a guide rail 442, a sliding block 443, a connecting frame 444 and a sliding seat 445. The driving part 42 and the torque output part 43 are mounted above the sliding seat 445, and the sliding block 443 is mounted at the bottom of the sliding seat 445. The guide rail 442 which is slidingly connected with the sliding block 443 is mounted on the top of the support plate 412. The second driving structure 441 is mounted on the support plate 412, and its output end is connected with the sliding seat 445 through the connecting frame 444. The output end of the second driving structure 441 can reciprocally displace along a straight line, thereby driving the sliding seat 445, the driving part 42 and the torque output part 43 to reciprocally move relative to the guide rail 442 through the connecting frame 444 and the sliding block 443.

[0090] It can be imagined that the second driving structure 441 can be a hydraulic driving system, a pneumatic driving system, an electric driving system, a screw rod type driving structure and a connecting rod type driving structure, etc.

[0091] In some specific embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 the second driving structure 441 is a pneumatic driving system, i.e. a gas cylinder. The cylinder body of the gas cylinder is mounted on the support plate 412, and the gas cylinder lever is connected with the connecting frame 444. The linear motion of the gas cylinder lever can drive the linear motion of the sliding seat 445 through the connecting frame 444.

[0092] Further, the connecting frame 444 is an L-shaped bracket structure, the upper surface of which is connected with the bottom surface of the sliding seat 445, and the side surface is fixed on the head of the gas cylinder lever through a nut, so as to transmit the driving force of the gas cylinder to the sliding seat 445.

[0093] Further, Figure 18 The overall structure of the sliding seat 445 in the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 18 As shown, the sliding seat 445 is a triangular structure, including a bottom plate 4451, a vertical plate 4452 and a reinforcing rib 4453, the bottom plate 4451 is provided with a sliding block 443 and a connecting frame 444 on the bottom surface, one side of the vertical plate 4452 is used to install the speed reducer 422, and the other side is used to install the bearing chamber 4311.

[0094] The present application gradually disperses the reaction of the chuck to the adjusting mechanism 4 through the mounting frame 41, the transmission structure 431, the displacement part 44 and other structures, reduces the reaction force of the chuck to the driving part 42, and prolongs the service life of the adjusting mechanism 4 while ensuring the tightening or loosening effect and efficiency.

[0095] The specific structure of the expansion mechanism 5 will be described in detail below.

[0096] In some specific embodiments of the present application, as shown, Figures 9-13 The expansion mechanism 5 includes an expansion output head 52, one end of the expansion output head 52 is matched with the output head 433 in a large gap along the radial direction of the chuck, and the other end is transitionally matched with the bevel pinion 3, so as to ensure the stability of the connection with the bevel pinion 3 while ensuring the accuracy of repeated insertion of the output head 433.

[0097] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, in order to ensure the connection stability and strength of the expansion output head 52 and the output head 433, the expansion output head 52 and the output head 433 are made of metal materials.

[0098] Further, in order to prevent the impact between metals caused by the insertion of the output head 433 into the expansion output head 52, it is necessary to adjust the position of the connecting frame 444 relative to the sliding seat 445, so as to ensure that the output head 433 is just inserted into the expansion tightening head 52 without collision when the second driving structure 441 is pushed to the full stroke.

[0099] Further, as shown, Figure 12 The expansion output head 52 includes a third matching part 521, a second limiting part 522 and a fourth matching part 523 arranged in sequence along the length direction of the expansion output head 52, the third matching part 521 is inserted into and transitionally matched with the outer side hole of the bevel pinion 3, the second limiting part 522 is abutted with the outer side of the bevel pinion 3 towards the side of the chuck, and the fourth matching part 523 is the opening end of the sink 51 away from the side of the chuck. In the actual production process, the length of the sink 51 can be set based on the actual demand, that is, the closed end of the sink 51 is located at any one of the fourth matching part 523, the second limiting part 522 and the third matching part 521. For example, Figure 11For example, the closed end of the sink groove 51 in the figure is located at the second limiting portion 522, that is, the sink groove 51 extends from the fourth fitting portion 523 to the second limiting portion 522. In some preferred embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 9-11 The expansion mechanism 5 further includes an expansion output head sleeve 53, the expansion output head 52 is connected in the expansion output head sleeve 53 and one end is inserted into the bevel pinion 3 and transitionally fits with the bevel pinion 3, the expansion output head sleeve 53 is used to limit the displacement of the expansion output head 52 along the radial direction of the chuck, and ensure the stability of the circumferential rotation of the expansion output head 52.

[0100] Further, Figure 14 And Figure 15 The overall structure of the expansion output head sleeve 53 in the present application is shown in different angles, as shown in Figure 14 And Figure 15 The expansion output head sleeve 53 includes a first mounting portion 531, a second mounting portion 532 and a third limiting portion 533 arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the chuck, the first mounting portion 531 is detachably connected to the outer side of the chuck towards the side of the chuck, the second mounting portion 532 is a hollow shell structure, and the third limiting portion 533 is a limiting structure located at the end of the second mounting portion 532 away from the chuck, the second limiting portion 522 is accommodated in the second mounting portion 532 and the end away from the chuck abuts against the end of the third limiting portion 533 close to the chuck.

[0101] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the first mounting portion 531 is an arc-shaped mounting surface structure, which is detachably connected with the outer side of the chuck, and the rotation center of the first mounting portion 531 is coaxially arranged with the rotation center of the chuck screw, which ensures the stability of the installation of the expansion mechanism 5.

[0102] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 11 The expansion mechanism 5 further includes a gasket 54, which is a sheet-shaped structure, installed between the expansion output head sleeve 53 and the expansion output head 52, which can adjust the axial gap between the two and also reduce the friction therebetween, thereby ensuring the service life of the expansion mechanism 5.

[0103] Further, the gasket 54 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the fourth fitting portion 523, and the two ends along the radial direction of the chuck abut against the second limiting portion 522 and the third limiting portion 533 respectively.

[0104] The working process of the adjusting device for opening and closing the chuck in the present application is as follows: when it is needed to tighten or loosen the clamping jaws on the chuck, the second driving mechanism 441 pushes the sliding seat 445, and inserts the output head 433 on the sliding seat 445 into the sink groove 51 of the expansion mechanism 5 on the chuck, and then the first driving structure 421 drives the output shaft 432 to rotate after being decelerated by the speed reducer 422, so as to drive the output head 433 on the output shaft 432 to rotate, thereby realizing the tightening or loosening of the chuck clamping jaws.

[0105] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the adjusting mechanism 4 in the present application further comprises a numerical control system, and the adjusting mechanism 4 controls the output torque through the numerical control system to ensure the accuracy and strength of tightening.

[0106] Specifically, the numerical control system is electrically connected with the first driving structure 421, the numerical control system controls the output torque of the first driving structure 421, thereby realizing the tightening torque of the expansion output head 52, and whether the output torque of the first driving structure 421 reaches the preset chuck tightening torque is monitored through the numerical control system, so as to realize the real-time monitoring and strength control of the chuck tightening torque.

[0107] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the maximum clamping force exerted by the chuck clamping jaws on the workpiece is used as the initial data, and the reduction ratio of the chuck itself is obtained through a series of calculations based on the thread pitch, the number of threads and the number of teeth of the bevel gear shaft, and the maximum tightening torque required for the tightening bevel gear shaft is further derived. Subsequently, based on this maximum torque value, we carefully selected the appropriate first driving structure 421 and its matching speed reducer 422. Then, we carried out a detailed stress analysis on the key components such as the output shaft 432, the output head 433 and the possible expansion output head 52, and through multiple iterative designs to ensure that they meet the strength requirements. Finally, we concluded that the selected first driving structure 421 and speed reducer 422 can reliably provide the required maximum tightening torque, and all key components also perform well in the stress analysis.

[0108] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the torque of the tightening small bevel gear shaft is 350 N·m (Newton·meter), the output head 433 and the expansion output head 52 are made of 42CrMo (42 chromium molybdenum) material, and 42CrMo is a high-quality alloy structural steel with high strength, high toughness, good hardenability and fatigue resistance. At this time, the length-diameter ratio of the output shaft 432 is less than 15:1, which provides a larger contact area, thereby increasing the friction force and the reliability of torque transmission, so that the output shaft 432 is more stable when transmitting torque.

[0109] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the first limiting portion 4332 and the second matching portion 4333 are connected by a first round corner with a smooth transition, the third matching portion 521 and the second limiting portion 522 are connected by a second round corner with a smooth transition, and the R arc of the first round corner and the second round corner is not less than 1 mm, so as to ensure the reliability of the output head 433 and the extended output head 52 under torque transmission and long-term alternating load.

[0110] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the aspect ratio of the second matching portion 4333 is not less than 2:1, so that when the second matching portion 4333 is under stress, it has better structural stability due to its large size in the length direction, which helps to resist deformation such as bending and twisting, thereby improving the overall strength and durability of the output head 433.

[0111] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, in order to ensure that the output head 433 can be smoothly inserted / pushed out of the extended output head 52 multiple times, the sink groove 51 is 0.5 mm to 2 mm smaller than each single side of the output head 433.

[0112] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, since the output head 433 and the extended output head 52 are gap-fitted and linearly contacted when transmitting torque, in order to ensure the reliability of torque transmission, the R arc of the circumferential round corner of the output head 433 is not less than 2 mm.

[0113] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the first driving structure 421 is internally equipped with an encoder, which can record the number of rotations of the first driving structure 421, and through the reduction ratio of the speed reducer 422 and the distance of the claw advancing or retreating when the extended output head 52 rotates one circle, the theoretical distance of the claw advancing or retreating can be calculated, which is used as the second detection to verify whether the workpiece is clamped or loosened to the position. If the claw is stuck by iron filings or actually clamped to the iron filings, although the first driving structure 421 has performed tightening operation according to the tightening torque set by the numerical control system, the workpiece is not actually clamped. At this time, the system will alarm to prompt the abnormal clamping of the workpiece.

[0114] Based on the adjusting device, the present application further provides an assembly method based on the adjusting device, which is as follows:

[0115] S1: integrate and assemble all components of the adjusting mechanism 4 to form a subassembly that can be independently operated;

[0116] S2: rotate the chuck to a theoretical position, which is determined based on the position of the chuck when the chuck is tightened;

[0117] S3: connect the assembled adjusting mechanism 4 with the machine tool, drive the slide 445 through the second driving structure 441 to make the output head 433 approach and partially insert into the extended output head 52, and then tighten the fixing screws;

[0118] S4: Adjust the height adjustment structure 413 so that the top end of the height adjustment structure 413 abuts against the support plate 412, and then loosen the nuts of the fixing screws, ensuring that a certain gap is reserved between the nuts and the support plate 412;

[0119] S5: Continue to drive the sliding seat 445 by the second driving structure 441, so that the output head 433 is further inserted into the extended output head 52, until the gap between the output head 433 and the extended output head 52 is uniform.

[0120] S6: Tighten the height adjustment structure 413 and the fixing screws, and complete the assembly.

[0121] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, in step S1, during the assembly of the adjustment mechanism 4, the support plate 412 is also connected to the bracket 411 by the fixing screws, and the support plate 412 is fixed at the middle position of the fixing screws, so as to leave a margin for subsequent fine adjustment.

[0122] In some specific embodiments of the present application, in step S3, if the operator observes that the output head 433 cannot be inserted into the extended output head 52 during the process of approaching the extended output head 52, the installation position of the bracket 411 on the machine tool and / or the chuck position can be adjusted until the output head 433 can be partially inserted into the extended output head 52.

[0123] In some specific embodiments of the present application, in step S5, if the gap between the extended output head 52 and the output head 433 is not uniform, the angle of the output shaft 432 can be adjusted by the height adjustment structure 413, so as to adjust the coaxiality of the axes between the output head 433 and the extended output head 52, until the gap between the extended output head 52 and the output head 433 is uniform.

[0124] The specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, and for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present application without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and modifications also belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A chuck opening and closing adjusting device characterized in that: the adjusting device acts on a small bevel gear (3) of a chuck, comprising an adjusting mechanism (4) and an expansion mechanism (5) connected to the small bevel gear (3), the output end of the adjusting mechanism (4) is connected with the expansion mechanism (5), the expansion mechanism (5) is connected with the small bevel gear (3), and the rotating torque output by the adjusting mechanism (4) is transmitted to the small bevel gear (3) through the expansion mechanism (5).

2. The chuck opening and closing adjusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjusting mechanism (4) comprises a mounting frame (41), a driving part (42) and a torque output part (43), the mounting frame (41) is connected with a machine tool, the driving part (42) and the torque output part (43) are connected to the mounting frame (41), the output end of the driving part (42) is connected with the torque output part (43), and the output end of the torque output part (43) is connected with the expansion mechanism (5).

3. The chuck opening and closing adjusting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the driving part (42) comprises a first driving structure (421) and a speed reducer (422), the torque output part (43) comprises a transmission structure (431), an output shaft (432) and an output head (433), the output end of the first driving structure (421) is connected with the speed reducer (422), the output end of the speed reducer (422) is connected with the output shaft (432) through the transmission structure (431), one end of the output head (433) is connected with the output shaft (432), and the other end is connected with the expansion mechanism (5); the output head (433) comprises a first matching part (4331), a first limiting part (4332) and a second matching part (4333) connected in sequence along the length direction thereof, the first limiting part (4332) is abutted and limited with the output shaft (432) at one end thereof toward the output shaft (432), and the second matching part (4333) is connected with the expansion mechanism (5); the first limiting part (4332) and the second matching part (4333) are connected through a first round corner smooth transition, and the R arc of the first round corner is not less than 1 mm.

4. The chuck opening and closing adjusting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the mounting frame (41) comprises a bracket (411), a supporting plate (412) and a height adjusting structure (413), the bottom end of the bracket (411) is connected with a machine tool, the top end is connected with the supporting plate (412) through the height adjusting structure (413), and the height adjusting structure (413) can adjust the height and angle of the supporting plate (412) relative to the bracket (411). ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The adjusting mechanism (4) further comprises a displacement part (44) which is slidingly connected above the mounting frame (41), the driving part (42) and the torque output part (43) are mounted on the displacement part (44), and the displacement part (44) can drive the torque output part (43) to repeatedly displace along the extension direction thereof.

5. The adjusting device for opening and closing the chuck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expansion mechanism (5) comprises an expansion output head (52) and an expansion output head sleeve (53), the expansion mechanism (5) is provided with a sink groove (51) extending in the radial direction of the chuck, one end of the expansion output head (52) is matched with the output end of the adjusting mechanism (4) through the sink groove (51), the expansion output head (52) is connected in the expansion output head sleeve (53) and one end is inserted into the bevel pinion (3) and is transitionally matched with the bevel pinion (3), and the expansion output head sleeve (53) is matched and connected with the outside of the chuck; The tightening torque of the bevel pinion (3) is 350 N·m, the output head (433) and the expansion output head (52) are made of 42CrMo material, and the length-diameter ratio of the output shaft (432) is less than 15:1; The R arc of the circumferential fillet of the output head (433) is not less than 2 mm; The sink groove (51) is 0.5 mm to 2 mm smaller than each single side of the output head (433).

6. The adjusting device for opening and closing the chuck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expansion output head (52) comprises a third matching part (521), a second limiting part (522) and a fourth matching part (523) arranged in sequence along the length direction thereof, the expansion output head sleeve (53) comprises a first mounting part (531), a second mounting part (532) and a third limiting part (533) arranged in sequence in the radial direction of the chuck, the first mounting part (531) is connected to the outside of the chuck, the second mounting part (532) is a hollow shell structure, and the third limiting part (533) is a limiting structure located at the end of the second mounting part (532) away from the chuck; The third matching part (521) is inserted into the outside hole of the bevel pinion (3) and is transitionally matched with the outside hole, the second limiting part (522) is accommodated in the second mounting part (532) and one end abuts against the third limiting part (533) and the other end abuts against the outside of the bevel pinion (3), and the fourth matching part (523) is provided with an opening end of the sink groove (51) on the side away from the chuck; The third matching part (521) and the second limiting part (522) are smoothly and transitionally connected through a second fillet, and the R arc of the second fillet is not less than 1 mm.

7. The adjusting device for opening and closing the chuck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expansion mechanism (5) further comprises a gasket (54) mounted between the expansion output head (52) and the expansion output head sleeve (53).

8. The adjusting device for opening and closing chuck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output head (433) and the cross section of the sink (51) are both non-circular structures.

9. The adjusting device for opening and closing chuck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism (4) further comprises a numerical control system, the numerical control system is electrically connected with the first driving structure, the adjusting mechanism (4) monitors the difference between the output torque of the first driving structure (421) and the preset chuck tightening torque through the numerical control system, and controls the output torque of the first driving structure (421).

10. The adjusting device for opening and closing chuck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first driving structure (421) is internally fitted with an encoder.

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