Sleeper pad and sleeper device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of sleepers, and particularly relates to a sleeper pad and a sleeper device, and the sleeper pad comprises a bottom supporting pad and a side face clamping part; one face of the bottom supporting pad is used for bearing the bottom of the sleeper, the other face of the bottom supporting pad is used for being erected on a railway ballast, and at least the face, close to the railway ballast, of the bottom supporting pad is made of elastic materials. The side face clamping part is arranged on the side face of the bottom supporting pad and used for clamping at least one two opposite sides of the sleeper. According to the bottom supporting pad used for supporting the sleeper on the railway ballast, on one hand, the friction force between the bottom supporting pad and the railway ballast can be increased through the elastic deformation characteristic of the bottom supporting pad, the offset of the sleeper in the using process is reduced, on the other hand, pulverization and abrasion of the railway ballast caused by the sleeper can be relieved, the maintenance frequency of the railway ballast is reduced, and the service life of the sleeper is prolonged. And on the other hand, deformation and abrasion of the sleeper can be reduced, the replacement frequency of the sleeper is reduced, and finally buffering and damping between the sleeper and the railway ballast can be provided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of sleepers, and particularly relates to a sleeper pad and a sleeper device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The sleepers are used for supporting the supports of the rails laid on the ballast. In long-term operation, the following problems are found: 1. When the train runs fast, the track laid by the ballast is not stable enough, and thus regular inspection and tamping are needed, which consumes manpower and material resources; 2. The sleepers can damage the ballast, and thus the maintenance frequency of the ballast is high. Especially for the heavy-haul railway line with huge traffic, the problems are more serious, especially at the track joints, a gap is generally left between each sleeper to cope with seasonal changes or thermal expansion and contraction caused by friction, and thus the longitudinal displacement of the sleepers is large, the acting force between the sleepers and the ballast is large, the sleepers and the ballast are prone to damage, the related structural parts are also prone to fatigue, the service life is short, the replacement frequency is high, and how to ensure the stability of the sleepers at the joints is an important condition for safe driving. Similarly, in the section with a small curve radius, the sleepers are unevenly stressed when the train runs, the acting force between the local sleepers and the ballast is large, the service life of the sleepers and the ballast is shortened, and even in the case of sudden stop or deceleration, the instantaneous lateral thrust can easily extrude the inner flange of the wheel out of the track and cause derailment, or the sleeper rebounds too high from the ballast, and thus a series of traffic accident hazards need to be prevented and minimized.

[0003] In order to prevent the vertical displacement from being too large when the train passes by during use, the existing sleeper pad has a small static stiffness range and low hardness, and thus is prone to deformation and damage, so that the sleeper pad and the ballast cannot be protected for a long time. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The utility model solves the technical problem of providing a sleeper pad and a sleeper device which can improve the running comfort of the train and reduce the maintenance frequency of the ballast and the sleepers.

[0005] The utility model provides a sleeper pad, which comprises a bottom supporting pad and a side clamping part.

[0006] One side of the bottom supporting pad is used for bearing the bottom of the sleeper, and the other side is used for being laid on the ballast, and the bottom supporting pad is made of elastic material at least on the side close to the ballast.

[0007] The side clamping part is arranged on the side of the bottom supporting pad and is used for clamping at least two opposite sides of the sleeper.

[0008] Further, the side close to the ballast of the bottom supporting pad is connected with a fixing part.

[0009] The fixing member comprises a rod body and a clamping block arranged on the rod body, the fixing member is used for being inserted into ballast, and the clamping block is used for limiting the fixing member from vertically leaving the ballast.

[0010] Further, the clamping block is a plane near one side of the bottom supporting pad and is a conical surface near the other side, and the conical surface is used for pushing away the ballast to facilitate insertion when the fixing member is inserted into the ballast.

[0011] Further, the plane is a rectangular plane, and the width of the rectangular plane is greater than the diameter of the rod body.

[0012] Further, the conical surface comprises two oppositely arranged inclined surfaces, the two inclined surfaces intersect at the axis of the rod body, and the intersection of the two inclined surfaces is farthest from the bottom supporting pad.

[0013] Further, the clamping block is arranged axially along the rod body.

[0014] The fixing member is arranged in a rectangular array on the lower side of the bottom supporting pad.

[0015] Further, the length of the rod body in the fixing member of the adjacent two rows along the length direction of the bottom supporting pad is long and short.

[0016] The long rod body is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks, and the short rod body is provided with one clamping block.

[0017] Further, the side clamping part comprises a clamping part I for clamping both sides of the sleeper and / or a clamping part II for clamping both ends of the sleeper.

[0018] Further, the bottom supporting pad comprises an upper pad plate, a mounting pad and a lower pad plate arranged in sequence.

[0019] The upper pad plate is a flat plate structure, the mounting pad comprises a supporting flat plate I and a clamping part I arranged on both sides of the supporting flat plate I and protruding upward, and the lower pad plate comprises a supporting flat plate II and a limiting protrusion arranged on both sides of the supporting flat plate II and protruding upward.

[0020] The mounting pad is prepared from a non-elastic material, and the upper pad plate and the lower pad plate are prepared from an elastic material.

[0021] The utility model also provides a sleeper device which comprises a sleeper and the sleeper pad.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The bottom support pad provided by this utility model for supporting sleepers on ballast can, on the one hand, increase the friction between the sleeper and the ballast through the elastic deformation characteristics of the bottom support pad, reducing the amount of sleeper deviation during use; on the other hand, it can slow down the pulverization and wear of the ballast by the sleeper, reducing the frequency of ballast maintenance; furthermore, it can reduce the deformation and wear of the sleeper, reducing the frequency of sleeper replacement; and finally, it can provide buffering and shock absorption between the sleeper and the ballast, thereby reducing noise and slightly reducing the vibration during train operation. The side clamping part can, on the one hand, provide physical protection to the opposite sides of the sleeper, and on the other hand, ensure the relative position of the bottom support pad and the sleeper, preventing slippage between them. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Appendix Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which the bottom support pad is formed by combining an upper pad plate, a mounting pad, and a lower pad plate.

[0024] Appendix Figure 2 For the appendix Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the embodiment;

[0025] Appendix Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 1 Longitudinal section view of the embodiment;

[0026] Appendix Figure 4 For the appendix Figure 1 Partial exploded view of the embodiment;

[0027] Appendix Figure 5 For the appendix Figure 1 Another part of the exploded schematic diagram of the embodiment;

[0028] Appendix Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment where the bottom support pad is a plate.

[0029] Appendix Figure 7 For the appendix Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the embodiment;

[0030] Appendix Figure 8 For the appendix Figure 6 Explosion diagram of the embodiment;

[0031] Appendix Figure 9 For the appendix Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure with the added clamping part II in the embodiment;

[0032] Appendix Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment in which the bottom support pad, clamping part I, and clamping part II are integrally formed;

[0033] Appendix Figure 11To attach Figure 10 Explosive schematic diagram in the embodiment.

[0034] In the figure, 1 - bottom support pad; 11 - upper pad plate; 12 - mounting pad; 121 - support flat plate I; 1211 - stepped hole II; 13 - lower pad plate; 131 - support flat plate II; 1311 - fitting hole; 132 - limiting protrusion; 14 - clamping part I; 15 - stepped hole I; 16 - clamping part II; 17 - buckle structure; 2 - fixing piece; 21 - rod body; 211 - stud; 22 - clamping block; 221 - flat surface; 222 - inclined surface; 3 - sleeper; 4 - nut; 5 - fastener. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0036] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0037] In addition, the description of "first", "second" and the like in the present application is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0038] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the terms "connection", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, "fixing" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, or physical connection or wireless communication connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In addition, the technical solutions of various embodiments of the utility model can be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of ordinary technical personnel in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears mutual contradiction or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the utility model.

[0040] As shown in the accompanying Figure 1 -attached Figure 11 The utility model provides a sleeper pad, including bottom support pad 1 and side clamping part,

[0041] One side of the bottom support pad 1 is used to bear the bottom of the sleeper 3, and the other side is used to be set on the ballast, in specific use, the bottom support pad 1 is arranged between the bottom of the sleeper 3 and the ballast and is used to bear the sleeper 3, and the side of the bottom support pad 1 close to the ballast is made of elastic material, preferably polyurethane elastomer material.

[0042] The side clamping part is arranged on the side of the bottom support pad 1 and is used to clamp at least one opposite side of the sleeper 3.

[0043] The bottom support pad 1 for supporting the sleeper 3 on the ballast can increase the friction with the ballast through the elastic deformation characteristics of the bottom support pad 1, reduce the deviation of the sleeper 3 in use, slow down the pulverization and wear of the sleeper 3 to the ballast, reduce the maintenance frequency of the ballast, reduce the deformation and wear of the sleeper 3 to reduce the replacement frequency of the sleeper 3, and finally provide the buffer and shock absorption between the sleeper 3 and the ballast to reduce the noise and slightly reduce the vibration when the train is running. The side clamping part can physically protect the opposite sides of the sleeper 3 and ensure the relative position of the bottom support pad 1 and the sleeper 3 to avoid the slip between the sleeper 3 and the bottom support pad 1.

[0044] In one embodiment, referring to the accompanying Figure 10 -attached Figure 11 The bottom support pad 1 and the side clamping part are integrally formed, and the side clamping part includes two opposite sides for clamping the sleeper 3 to improve the fixing stability of the sleeper pad to the sleeper 3. In this embodiment, the bottom of the bottom support pad 1 can not be provided with the fixing part 2. This embodiment is more suitable for application in heavy haul railway, the bottom support pad 1 and the side clamping part are integrally formed, which optimizes the components on the basis of ensuring the durability of the track system and maintaining the geometry of the track, is more simple in concentrated maintenance and tamping ballast, and reduces the maintenance cost.

[0045] In one embodiment, the side of the bottom support pad 1 close to the ballast is connected with the fixing part 2.

[0046] The fixing member 2 can be integrally arranged on the bottom support pad 1, or can be detachably fixedly connected by a fastening structure.

[0047] The fixing member 2 comprises a rod body 21 and a clamping block 22 arranged on the rod body 21, wherein the external size of the clamping block 22 is larger than the size of the rod body 21. The fixing member 2 is used to be inserted into ballast, which is coarse sand or gravel of a railway roadbed. After the fixing member 2 is inserted into the ballast, the clamping block 22 is used to limit the fixing member 2 from vertically moving away from the ballast. At this time, there are a lot of coarse sand or gravel above the fixing member 2 and outside the rod body 21, so that the clamping block 22 is difficult to move upward, thereby limiting the fixing member 2 from vertically moving away from the ballast, so that the bottom support pad 1 can be stably and reliably fixed on the surface of the ballast. In the embodiment, the sleeper pad is fixed by using the fixing member 2 as an insertion structure, which can improve the grip and effectively prevent the sleeper pad from having too large vertical displacement of the sleeper due to too large elasticity of the sleeper pad, so that the elasticity of the sleeper pad can be fully utilized, thereby reducing the impact force of the train passing, protecting the sleeper and the ballast for a long time, and slowing down the deformation of the ballast bed.

[0048] In the embodiment, the bottom support pad 1 is installed in the ballast by the fixing member 2. During installation, the fixing member 2 only needs to be laid downward on the ballast, and then pressure is applied to embed the fixing member 2 into the ballast. At this time, the lower end surface of the bottom support pad 1 can also compact and level the ballast, avoiding further vertical downward movement of the sleeper pad. After installation, the fixing member 2 limits the entire sleeper pad from moving vertically upward, so that the entire sleeper pad is fixed firmly and reliably, and the vertical elasticity of the sleeper pad is maintained.

[0049] In one of the embodiments, the clamping block 22 is a plane 221 near one side of the bottom support pad 1, and the other side is a tapered surface. The tapered surface is used to push away the ballast when the fixing member 2 is inserted into the ballast, so as to facilitate insertion of the clamping block 22 into the ballast, thereby realizing that the insertion force of the fixing member 2 is much smaller than the pulling-out force. The plane 221 structure can ensure that when the clamping block 22 moves vertically upward, sufficient resistance can be provided to limit the vertical upward movement of the sleeper pad, and the structural strength of the entire clamping block 22 can also be ensured. The other side adopts a tapered surface, which facilitates pushing away the coarse sand or gravel to the side of the tapered surface when the fixing member 2 is inserted into the ballast, so as to facilitate the insertion of the clamping block 22 into the ballast, thereby realizing that the insertion force of the fixing member 2 is much smaller than the pulling-out force. The tapered surface can be a circular cone or a square tapered surface.

[0050] In one of the embodiments, the plane 221 is a rectangular plane, and the width of the rectangle is greater than the diameter of the rod body 21. At this time, the plane 221 has a large enough area, thereby further improving the resistance of the clamping block 22 when moving vertically upward. The width of the rectangle is greater than the diameter of the rod body 21, so that each edge of the plane 221 can provide resistance.

[0051] In one of the embodiments, the conical surface comprises two oppositely arranged inclined surfaces 222, the two inclined surfaces 222 intersect at the axis of the rod body 21, the intersection surface is a conical tip, the intersection of the two inclined surfaces 222 is farthest from the bottom support pad 1, in this embodiment, the cross section of the clamping block 22 is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, which can ensure the overall structural strength of the clamping block 22, and facilitate the insertion of the clamping block 22 into the ballast. Preferably, the length of the rectangular plane of the clamping block 22 is parallel to the length direction of the bottom support pad 1, at this time, the side of the isosceles triangle structure faces the front and rear direction of the track, thereby improving the displacement restriction of the bottom support pad 1 in the front and rear direction.

[0052] In one of the embodiments, a plurality of clamping blocks 22 are arranged axially along the rod body 21, preferably, the plurality of clamping blocks 22 are arranged at equal intervals, by arranging multiple clamping blocks 22 at intervals, the resistance to vertical upward movement of the fixing member 2 can be doubled, while the resistance to vertical downward movement of the fixing member 2 does not increase, thereby achieving the improvement of the resistance to vertical upward movement on the basis of convenient installation.

[0053] In one of the embodiments, the fixing member 2 is arranged in a rectangular array on the lower side of the bottom support pad 1, thereby improving the resistance to vertical upward movement of the bottom support pad 1 at each position on the plane.

[0054] In one of the embodiments, the lengths of the rod bodies 21 of the fixing members 2 in two adjacent rows along the length direction of the bottom support pad 1 are long and short, that is, the long rod bodies 21 and the short rod bodies 21 are arranged alternately.

[0055] The long rod body 21 is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks 22, and the short rod body 21 is provided with one clamping block 22, at this time, the short rod body 21 can leave more space between the two long rod bodies 21, thereby improving the amount of coarse sand or gravel in this space and improving the surrounding effect of the clamping blocks 22 by coarse sand or gravel, further improving the resistance to vertical upward movement of the bottom support pad 1.

[0056] In one of the embodiments, the side clamping portion comprises a clamping portion I 14 for clamping both sides of the sleeper 3, and / or a clamping portion II 16 for clamping both ends of the sleeper 3.

[0057] In this embodiment, the bottom support pad 1 is provided with clamping portions I 14 on both sides for clamping the two sides of the sleeper 3. By providing clamping portions I 14, the front and rear sides of the sleeper 3 can be clamped to restrict the front and rear displacement of the sleeper 3. When a train passes, the clamping portions I 14 can be used to withstand the horizontal force transmitted from the rail. And / or, the bottom support pad 1 is provided with clamping portions II 16 at both ends for clamping the two ends of the sleeper 3. By providing clamping portions II 16, the left and right sides of the sleeper 3 can be clamped to restrict the left and right displacement of the sleeper 3. Referring to the attached figure... Figure 9 The clamping part II16 can be fixed to the clamping part I14 by a snap-fit ​​structure, see attached figure. Figure 4 The clamping part II16 can be fixed to the bottom support pad 1 by fastener 5, see attached figure. Figure 10 and attached Figure 11 The clamping part II 16 can also be integrally formed with the clamping part I 14 and the bottom support pad 1. The specific fixing method can be selected as needed. In addition, the height of the clamping part I 14 and the clamping part II 16 can also be selected according to the required strength restriction.

[0058] Preferably, the bottom support pad 1 is provided with a stepped hole I 15, and the side of the stepped hole I 15 near the locking block 22 is a small hole I. The end of the rod 21 is provided with a stud 211, the diameter of the stud 211 is smaller than the diameter of the rod 21. At this time, the stud 211 passes through the small hole I and extends into the large hole I. The nut 4 is screwed into the large hole I to fix the fastener 2 and the bottom support pad 1. In specific use, structural adhesive can also be poured into the large hole I to reinforce the fixing of the nut 4. At this time, it is convenient to install the bottom support pad 1 and the fastener 2.

[0059] In another embodiment, refer to the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 4 The bottom support pad 1 includes an upper pad 11, a mounting pad 12 and a lower pad 13 arranged in sequence;

[0060] The mounting pad 12 is made of a non-elastic material, while the upper pad 11 and the lower pad 13 are made of an elastic material.

[0061] The upper base plate 11 is a flat plate structure, and the upper base plate 11 is used for bearing the sleeper 3. The mounting pad 12 comprises a supporting flat plate I 121 and a clamping part I 114 arranged on both sides of the supporting flat plate I 121 and protruding upward. The lower end of the upper base plate 11 is borne on the supporting flat plate I 121, and the clamping part I 114 can limit the movement of the upper base plate 11 and the sleeper 3 in the front-rear direction, thereby improving the fixing stability of the upper base plate 11 and the sleeper 3. The lower base plate 13 comprises a supporting flat plate II 131 and a limiting protrusion 132 arranged on both sides of the supporting flat plate II 131 and protruding upward. The supporting flat plate II 131 is arranged between the ballast and the mounting pad 12, so that the mounting pad 12 and the ballast can be buffered and damped. The limiting protrusion 132 is arranged on the side of the clamping part I 114, so that the clamping part I 114 and the ballast can be buffered and damped. Preferably, the rod body 21 of the fixing part 2 fixes the lower base plate 13 and the mounting pad 12. Preferably, a stepped hole II 1212 is arranged on the mounting pad 12. The stepped hole II 1212 is a small hole near the lower base plate 13. At this time, the lower base plate 13 is provided with a matching hole 1311 coaxially arranged with the small hole. The diameter of the matching hole 1311 is consistent with the diameter of the rod body 21. At this time, the end of the rod body 21 is provided with a stud 211. The diameter of the stud 211 is smaller than the diameter of the rod body 21. At this time, the stud 211 sequentially penetrates the matching hole 1311, the small hole II and extends into the large hole II. The stud 211 is screwed into the nut 4 in the large hole II, so as to fix the fixing part 2 and the mounting pad 12. In specific use, the structure glue can be poured into the large hole II to reinforce the fixing of the nut 4. After the mounting pad 12, the lower base plate 13 and the fixing part 2 are completed, the upper base plate 11 is fixed on the mounting pad 12. In the embodiment, the clamping part II 116 can be fixed on the mounting pad 12 by the fastener 5, so as to improve the fixing stability of the clamping part II 116. In the embodiment, the clamping part I 114 of the side clamping part is integrally formed with the mounting pad 12, and the clamping part II 116 is fixed on the mounting pad 12 by the fastener 5.

[0062] The utility model also provides a sleeper device, including sleeper 3 and any one sleeper pad of above.

[0063] The above is only the embodiment of the present utility model, and does not limit the present utility model. Any skilled person in the art can make many possible changes, modifications or modifications to the technical solution of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model, and equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tie pad, characterized by, The rail sleeper pad comprises a bottom supporting pad (1) and a side clamping part. The bottom supporting pad (1) is used for bearing the bottom of the rail sleeper (3) on one side and is used for being laid on the ballast on the other side. The side clamping part is arranged on the side of the bottom supporting pad (1) and is used for clamping at least one opposite side of the rail sleeper (3).

2. The tie pad of claim 1 wherein, The side of the bottom supporting pad (1) close to the ballast is connected with a fixing part (2). The fixing part (2) comprises a rod body (21) and a clamping block (22) arranged on the rod body (21).

3. The tie pad of claim 2 wherein, The side of the clamping block (22) close to the bottom supporting pad (1) is a plane (221), and the other side is a conical surface.

4. The tie pad of claim 3 wherein, The plane (221) is a rectangular plane, and the width of the rectangular plane is greater than the diameter of the rod body (21).

5. The tie pad of claim 4 wherein, The conical surface comprises two opposite inclined surfaces (222).

6. A tie pad as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein, The clamping block (22) is arranged axially along the rod body (21). The fixing part (2) is arranged in a rectangular array on the lower side of the bottom supporting pad (1).

7. The tie pad of claim 6 wherein, The length of the rod body (21) of the fixing part (2) in the adjacent two rows along the length direction of the bottom supporting pad (1) is long and short. The long rod body (21) is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks (22), and the short rod body (21) is provided with one clamping block (22).

8. A tie pad as defined in any one of claims 1-5, 7, wherein The bottom supporting pad (1) comprises an upper pad plate (11), a mounting pad (12) and a lower pad plate (13) arranged in sequence.

9. A tie pad as defined in any one of claims 1-5, 7, wherein The upper pad plate (11) is a flat plate structure. The mounting pad (12) comprises a supporting flat plate I (121) and a clamping part I (14) arranged on both sides of the supporting flat plate I (121) and protruding upward. The mounting pad (12) is made of a non-elastic material, and the upper pad plate (11) and the lower pad plate (13) are made of an elastic material.

10. A tie device, characterized by The rail sleeper pad comprises a rail sleeper (3) and the rail sleeper pad according to any one of claims 1-9.

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