Device for rapidly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a device for rapidly detecting the internal displacement of a tunnel surrounding rock, and the device comprises a positioning anchor rod which is of a conical structure at the end part and is used for fixing and penetrating through a tunnel wall until a stable rock stratum; the fixing clamp is arranged on the outer side of the positioning anchor rod in a sleeving mode and fastened through a bolt, the fixing clamp is designed by adopting a polygonal elastic piece so as to be attached to the irregular surface, and a rubber gasket is arranged in the fixing clamp so as to adapt to anchor rods with different diameters; one end of the wire puller is connected to the fixing clamp, the other end of the wire puller extends into the measuring instrument shell, and the displacement in the surrounding rock is reflected by measuring the length change of a pull wire; the measuring instrument hermetically wraps and protects the internal stay wire sensor and the reading mechanism; the fixing clamp further comprises positioning protruding points which are distributed on the surface of the rubber gasket. And a thermoplastic shape memory material core body is arranged in the rubber gasket. Through the scheme of the embodiment of the invention, tunnel surfaces with different shapes can be better coped with.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological engineering detection, in particular to a device for rapidly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock. BACKGROUND

[0002] The device for detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock is a device specially used for monitoring the internal deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel during construction and operation. Through this device, engineers can obtain displacement data in a timely manner to assess the safety and stability of the tunnel, and thus take necessary maintenance and reinforcement measures. However, this device faces some challenges in actual application, such as how to better cope with different shapes of tunnel surfaces. Since the design of a tunnel may vary greatly due to geological conditions, construction requirements, and other factors, the surface shape may not always remain regular and consistent, which poses a high adaptability requirement for the detection device that needs to be in close contact with the surrounding rock to accurately measure the internal displacement, and may affect the detection accuracy. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a device for rapidly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock, which at least partially solves the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The device for rapidly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock comprises:

[0005] A positioning anchor rod, the end of which is a conical structure, is used to fix and pass through the tunnel wall until the stable rock layer;

[0006] A fixing clamp is sleeved on the outside of the positioning anchor rod and is fastened by bolts, wherein the fixing clamp is designed with a polygonal elastic sheet to fit irregular surfaces, and a rubber gasket is built-in to adapt to anchor rods of different diameters;

[0007] A puller is connected to one end of the fixing clamp and extends into the measuring instrument housing at the other end, and the internal displacement of the surrounding rock is reflected by measuring the change in puller length;

[0008] A measuring instrument is sealed and protects the internal puller sensor and reading mechanism; wherein

[0009] The fixing clamp further comprises positioning protrusions distributed on the surface of the rubber gasket; and

[0010] The rubber gasket is built-in with a thermoplastic shape memory material core.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing clamp bottom wall is provided with an elastic expansion strip.

[0012] Preferably, the elastic expansion strip is integrally bonded with the fixing clamp bottom wall.

[0013] Preferably, the outer side of the rubber pad is provided with a reinforcing ring.

[0014] Preferably, the reinforcing ring is embedded into the groove on the outer side of the rubber pad.

[0015] Preferably, an elastic sealing pad is arranged at the matching interface between the bolt and the fixing clamp.

[0016] Preferably, the elastic sealing pad is arranged in the groove of the fixing clamp.

[0017] Preferably, the upper end of the measuring instrument is provided with an LED indicator light belt.

[0018] The device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a positioning anchor rod, the end of which is a conical structure, used for fixing and penetrating through the tunnel wall until the stable rock stratum; a fixing clamp, sleeved on the outer side of the positioning anchor rod and fastened by a bolt, wherein the fixing clamp is designed in a polygonal elastic sheet to fit irregular surfaces, and is internally provided with a rubber pad to adapt to anchor rods of different diameters; a tensioning device, one end of which is connected to the fixing clamp and the other end of which extends into a measuring instrument housing, the displacement amount in the surrounding rock being reflected by measuring the length change of the tensioning device; and a measuring instrument, which is sealed, wrapped and protects the internal tensioning device sensor and reading mechanism; wherein the fixing clamp further comprises positioning convex points distributed on the surface of the rubber pad; and the rubber pad is internally provided with a thermoplastic shape memory material core. Through the scheme of the embodiment of the present disclosure, how to better cope with tunnel surfaces of different shapes can be solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the example embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows, and it should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present disclosure, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and other related drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the premise of the drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock according to the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the deformable rubber pad in the device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock according to the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustable clamp in the device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock according to the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 4The utility model discloses a device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock Figure 1 An enlarged view of area A in the middle.

[0024] In the figure: 1, positioning anchor rod; 2, adjustable fixing clamp; 21, polygonal elastic sheet; 22, deformable rubber gasket; 23, conical structure; 3, puller; 4, measuring instrument; 5, bolt; 6, positioning convex point; 7, elastic expansion strip; 8, reinforcing ring; 9, elastic sealing gasket; 10, thermoplastic shape memory material core; 11, LED indicator light strip DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0026] The following describes the embodiments of the present disclosure through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present disclosure from the content disclosed in the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all. The present disclosure can also be implemented or applied by other different specific embodiments, and the details in the specification can be modified or changed based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0027] It should be noted that the various aspects of the embodiments described below are within the scope of the appended claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the disclosure, those skilled in the art should understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus can be implemented using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, this apparatus and / or method can be implemented using other structures and / or functionality in addition to or other than those set forth herein.

[0028] It should also be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments only schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present disclosure, and only the components related to the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, not the number, shape and size of the components when actually implemented. The shape, number and ratio of each component in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components can also be more complex.

[0029] Also in the following description, specific details are given to provide thorough understanding of examples. However, one skilled in the relevant art will understand that the aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0030] As shown in Figure 1 The device for rapid detection of internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock of the present application aims to provide a stable and reliable detection scheme for accurate determination of internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock. The device mainly comprises a positioning anchor rod 1, an adjustable fixing clamp 2, a tensioning device 3 and a measuring instrument 4.

[0031] The end of the positioning anchor rod 1 is designed as a conical structure 23, which facilitates the anchoring and penetration of the anchor rod through the tunnel wall until the stable rock layer, ensuring the provision of a stable foundation support, so that the entire device can accurately monitor the small movement of the surrounding rock.

[0032] The positioning anchor rod 1, as the core element, plays a fixing role in the process of insertion into the rock layer, while providing a key point for connecting other components. This design ensures the authenticity and reliability of data collection and effectively reduces errors caused by environmental factors.

[0033] The adjustable fixing clamp 2 is fitted on the outside of the positioning anchor rod 1 and is tightly connected by bolts 5. The unique design of the fixing clamp 2 is the combined application of a polygonal elastic sheet 21 and a deformable rubber gasket 22, which allows the clamp to closely fit the irregular parts of the tunnel surface. Whether the tunnel cross-section shape is complex or not, the clamp can be firmly fixed without falling off or loosening. Especially when facing various different surrounding rock geometries, this flexibility and adaptability significantly improves the installation stability and accuracy of the entire system.

[0034] One end of the tensioning device 3 is connected to the adjustable fixing clamp 2, and the other end extends into the measuring instrument 4 housing. Its operating principle is based on the accurate measurement of the tensioning length to infer the amount of displacement generated inside the surrounding rock. When the surrounding rock moves due to external influences, it will cause a slight change in the positioning anchor rod 1. This information is ultimately converted into a change in the tensioning length, which is captured by the sensor and transmitted to the measuring instrument 4 for recording and analysis, achieving dynamic monitoring of the displacement inside the surrounding rock. Through this direct and intuitive method, potential safety hazards can be timely warned.

[0035] The measuring instrument 4 part is one of the key components of the overall structure. Its main body is a sealed structure that can effectively prevent external moisture and dust from entering and interfering with normal operation, protecting sensitive components while maintaining the long-term working performance of the equipment in harsh environments. The internal precision sensing mechanism for reading the change in tensioning length and the necessary display function are integrated.

[0036] In one embodiment, with particular reference to Figure 2The adjustable clamp 2 of the device for rapidly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock in this application also includes positioning protrusions 6, evenly distributed on the surface of the deformable rubber pad 22 on its inner side. This special design ensures that even when the clamp 2 contacts an uneven or rough surface of the tunnel surrounding rock, it can still maintain a stable supporting force, effectively reducing displacement measurement errors caused by poor contact. This device is particularly suitable for various complex geological environments encountered during construction.

[0037] The design of the positioning protrusions 6 further enhances the adaptability and reliability of the entire device. Through optimized protrusion placement and shape, the fixing clamp 2 achieves a more stable fit on surfaces of varying shapes and textures. Specifically, these protrusions work in conjunction with the polygonal elastic sheet 21 to ensure reliable installation quality even in the presence of minor undulations or porous structures around the anchor bolt.

[0038] For example, in actual manufacturing, rows of positioning protrusions 6 with a certain spacing can be processed on the surface of the deformable rubber pad 22 built into the fixing fixture 2 through injection molding, so that they are evenly distributed and tightly bonded to the entire fixing area. In this way, even if there are slight deviations in the tunnel wall surface during installation, the required stability can be provided by the good cooperation between these protrusions and the polygonal elastic sheet 21.

[0039] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fixing clamp 2 of the device for rapidly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock in this application is provided with an elastic telescopic strip 7 on its bottom wall to improve the fit between the device and the tunnel wall. The fixing clamp 2 is used to tightly attach to the tunnel wall and fix the position of the wire puller 3 to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data. In order to further adapt to the irregular shape of the tunnel surface, the bottom of the fixing clamp 2 is provided with an elastic telescopic strip 7, which compensates for the gap between the bottom wall of the fixing clamp 2 and the tunnel surface through its own expansion and contraction performance.

[0040] Specifically, the elastic expansion strip 7 is made of a highly elastic polymer or metal, allowing it to deform slightly under varying pressures and quickly return to its original state. This not only ensures more uniform and smooth contact between the fixing clamp 2 and the tunnel wall surface but also improves the overall stability of the device, maintaining good adhesion, especially under complex terrain conditions. The elastic expansion strip 7 is bonded to the bottom wall of the fixing clamp 2 through mechanical inlay, bonding, or integrated manufacturing processes. This installation method firmly fixes the elastic expansion strip 7 in the predetermined position, preventing it from falling off or loosening due to changes in the external environment.

[0041] For example, the elastic expansion strip 7 can be assembled by first embedding it into a reserved slot and then fixed with special glue or directly integrated with high-temperature plastic. Subsequently, strict durability and waterproof tests are carried out to ensure that the device maintains excellent performance even after long-term exposure to a humid environment. In actual use, the operator needs to ensure that the part has been closely attached to the tunnel wall without gaps, so as to effectively ensure the reliability of the device during the entire monitoring period.

[0042] In one embodiment, a reinforcing ring 8 is arranged outside the deformable rubber pad 22 of the device for quickly detecting displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock of the present application. The function of the reinforcing ring 8 is to enhance the durability and elastic recovery ability of the deformable rubber pad 22, so as to ensure the good fit between the fixed clamp 2 and the anchor rod with different diameters. In actual application, the inner side of the fixed clamp 2 contains a layer of deformable rubber pad 22 to adapt to the different sizes and shapes of the anchor rod, thereby providing a more stable clamping effect. Since the anchor rod may have different sizes or rough surfaces, the rubber pad 22 needs to have sufficient elasticity so that it can stretch and contract with the change of the diameter of the anchor rod, and its performance is improved by adding the reinforcing ring 8.

[0043] In order to improve the overall reliability and durability of the fixed clamp 2, the reinforcing ring 8 is used to assist in supporting the deformable rubber pad 22 when the device is designed. Specifically, the reinforcing ring 8 is arranged around the outside of the deformable rubber pad 22, and the two are tightly combined together. The reinforcing ring 8 is usually made of materials with certain strength and elasticity, such as engineering plastics or metal alloys, etc. Through this mounting method, the entire device not only retains the characteristics of strong flexibility of the rubber pad 22, but also improves the overall anti-aging and deformation recovery ability with the help of the reinforcing ring 8.

[0044] For example, in a specific technical implementation process, the engineer chooses a high-strength lightweight alloy to manufacture the reinforcing ring 8 and embeds it into the external groove of the deformable rubber pad 22 for installation. Then, special tools are used to firmly press and integrate the two into one. Such a connection form not only significantly improves the shape stability of the rubber pad 22 under external force, but also ensures that the durability is not significantly affected after long-term use.

[0045] In one embodiment, the polygonal elastic sheet 21 of the device for rapid detection of internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock of the present application is made of alloy metal with high temperature resistance. The selection of this specific material is mainly considered in the light of the demand for working in harsh environments, ensuring that the elastic sheet can operate stably for a long time under extreme temperature and pressure conditions, maintaining its elasticity and shape, thereby improving the working reliability and service life of the overall equipment. In order to ensure that the material selection meets the needs of the actual working environment, extensive experimental verification is carried out for different application occasions, and finally this specific high-temperature-resistant alloy metal is determined as the ideal material.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the polygonal elastic sheet 21 made of alloy metal is designed to be installed on the inner side of the adjustable fixing clamp 2 and is treated specially to ensure good combination with the built-in deformable rubber pad 22, so that the two can work in coordination. For example, during installation, the polygonal elastic sheet 21 is first fixed to the predetermined area outside the positioning anchor rod 1, and then fastened by the bolt 5, so that it closely fits the irregular shape of the tunnel wall surface. This structure not only increases the mechanical stability of the entire device, but also improves the adaptability to different shapes and sizes. The unique geometry of the polygonal elastic sheet 21 further enhances its adaptability to various stress distribution conditions, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of data collection in complex geological environments.

[0047] In one embodiment, continuing to refer to Figure 3 , the bolt 5 of the device for rapid detection of internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock of the present application is equipped with an elastic sealing pad 9 at the interface with the adjustable fixing clamp 2, to effectively block the entry of moisture into the internal area of the fixing clamp 2 and protect the internal components from erosion. This design ensures that the stability and durability of the device can be maintained even in environments with high humidity or water seepage risk. The elastic sealing pad 9 achieves sealing effect by tightly filling the gap between the bolt 5 and the fixing clamp 2, and its material has excellent resilience and corrosion resistance, and can withstand repeated tightening and loosening operations without aging or deformation.

[0048] The elastic sealing pad 9 is installed between the lower surface of the head of the bolt 5 and the top opening edge of the fixing clamp 2. Specifically, the elastic sealing pad 9 is nested in the groove designed in advance in the fixing clamp 2, and the groove profile closely fits the shape of the bolt 5 and maintains a certain tension, to ensure that the joint surface of the two achieves the desired sealing effect. This installation method facilitates the replacement and adjustment of the sealing pad, and makes the overall structure compact without affecting the mechanical performance of the original components.

[0049] For example, when the device is applied to a humid mine tunnel environment, the elastic sealing pad 9 can be compressed and deformed by tightening the fastening bolt 5, thereby closing the channel between the top end of the fixing clamp 2 and the external space, avoiding moisture from seeping into the polygonal elastic sheet 21 and the rubber pad 22 and other parts inside the clamp, and ensuring normal operation.

[0050] In one embodiment, the deformable rubber pad 22 of the device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock of the application is installed inside the polygonal elastic sheet 21 and directly contacts the outer surface of the positioning anchor 1. The pad 22 is made of a core body composed of a thermoplastic shape memory material. This special core material has the ability to adjust its shape according to changes in environmental temperature, which enables the rubber pad 22 to more accurately fit the changes in the surrounding structure in the complex tunnel environment.

[0051] The thermoplastic shape memory material is selected based on its good mechanical properties and sharp response to temperature changes. When the temperature changes, the core body can adjust itself according to the established memory shape, thereby tightly wrapping the positioning anchor 1 and ensuring that the rubber pad 22 can be closely attached to the tunnel wall to provide stable support. In actual operation, no matter what kind of protrusions or irregular shapes are encountered on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock, the built-in core body can adapt to these shapes to maintain the stability of the device and ensure that there is no error caused by relative sliding during data collection.

[0052] For example, in a specific implementation, the deformable rubber pad 22 with a built-in thermoplastic shape memory material core 10 is first pre-installed on the inner surface area of the polygonal elastic sheet 21. After the fixing clamp 2 is assembled onto the positioning anchor 1 and the final locking is completed using the bolt 5, the entire device can be securely fixed at the desired monitoring location. Through subsequent temperature difference effects or surrounding rock stress changes, the core body will make slight changes in shape to always fit the tunnel wall, achieving continuous and stable measurement function.

[0053] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 The upper end of the measuring instrument 4 of the device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock of the application is equipped with an LED indicator light strip 11. The LED indicator light strip 11 is installed at the uppermost part of the measuring instrument 4, closely attached to and flush with the surface of the instrument housing. Through this arrangement, not only can the visual prompting effect be significantly improved, but also the overall appearance and structural stability of the device are not affected. The LED indicator light strip 11 is composed of multiple high-brightness, low-power light-emitting diodes, which can emit light signals of different colors or patterns, such as red light and yellow light, to distinguish specific alarm levels or fault types.

[0054] In addition, when abnormal movement occurs inside the tunnel surrounding rock or external interference factors affect the stable operation of the device, the sensor will immediately capture this information and trigger the LED indicator light strip 11 through the internal circuit, quickly starting the alarm function. This process relies on the built-in data processing unit to analyze the received information in real time, ensuring that the alarm mechanism can respond accurately and timely in any situation. For example, after detecting slight but frequent displacement changes or being affected by strong vibrations, the LED indicator light will light up and remain on until the relevant conditions return to normal or are manually reset.

[0055] In actual operation, when the device is in use, first insert the tapered end of the positioning anchor rod 1 through the tunnel wall until it reaches the stable rock layer, ensuring that the device has a solid foundation support. Next, the adjustable fixing clamp 2 is fitted outside the positioning anchor rod 1, and the polygonal elastic sheet 21 and the deformable rubber pad 22 inside are tightly attached to the irregular surface and different diameter anchor rods through the tightening bolts 5, so that the fixing clamp 2 can be firmly attached to the tunnel surface. Then connect one end of the pull wire device 3 to the fixing clamp 2 and the other end to the inside of the measuring instrument 4 housing. When displacement occurs inside the surrounding rock, the relative displacement between the positioning anchor rod 1 and the fixing clamp 2 will be transmitted to the pull wire device 3. The pull wire device 3 will stretch or shorten with this displacement and drive the sensor inside the measuring instrument 4 to record the change in pull wire length, accurately reflecting the displacement of the surrounding rock. Finally, the measuring instrument 4 effectively protects the pull wire sensor and reading mechanism through its sealed design, ensuring stable operation over a long period of time.

[0056] The above specific embodiments further detail the purpose, technical solutions, and benefits of the disclosed embodiments. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation of the disclosed embodiments and does not limit the scope of protection. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the disclosed embodiments should be included within the scope of protection of the disclosed embodiments.

Claims

1. A device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a tunnel wall displacement monitoring device, comprising: a positioning anchor rod (1) with a tapered structure (23) at its end for fixing and penetrating through the tunnel wall until the stable stratum; a fixing clamp (2) sleeved outside the positioning anchor rod (1) and fastened by a bolt (5), wherein the fixing clamp (2) is designed with a polygonal elastic sheet (21) to fit irregular surfaces and is internally provided with a rubber gasket (22) to adapt to anchor rods of different diameters; a wire puller (3) connected to the fixing clamp (2) at one end and extending into a measuring instrument housing at the other end, which reacts to the displacement in the surrounding rock by measuring the length change of the wire; a measuring instrument (4) sealed and wrapped to protect the internal wire sensor and reading mechanism; wherein the fixing clamp (2) further comprises positioning protrusions (6) distributed on the surface of the rubber gasket (22); and the rubber gasket (22) is internally provided with a thermoplastic shape memory material core (10).

2. The device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the fixing clamp (2) is provided with an elastic expansion strip (7).

3. The device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic expansion strip (7) is integrally bonded with the bottom wall of the fixing clamp (2).

4. The device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the rubber gasket (22) is provided with a reinforcing ring (8).

5. The device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reinforcing ring (8) is embedded in the groove on the outer side of the rubber gasket (22).

6. The device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic sealing gasket (9) is arranged at the matching interface between the bolt (5) and the fixing clamp (2).

7. The device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic sealing gasket (9) is arranged in the groove of the fixing clamp (2).

8. The device for quickly detecting internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: An LED indicator light strip (11) is arranged at the upper end of the measuring instrument (4).

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