Assembling type high-temperature flue gas purification reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor. The reactor is sequentially provided with a high-temperature chamber and a reactor body according to the flow direction of flue gas; the interior of the reactor is divided into a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber by a partition plate in the middle, and the top of the partition plate is hermetically connected with the reactor, so that the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber are arranged in a turn-back manner; a high-temperature reduction denitration agent solution spraying device is arranged in the first reaction chamber, and a high-temperature flue gas deacidification agent spraying device is arranged in the second reaction chamber; the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor can be used for a household garbage incineration system, a medical waste incineration system and an industrial organic solid waste incineration system, and can also be expanded to be used for treating other complex incineration flue gas. By using the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor and the multi-pollutant synergistic removal method, the technological process of tail-end treatment can be shortened, the consumption of flue gas treatment consumables is reduced by more than 30%, and the yield of fly ash is reduced by more than 15%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste incineration flue gas purification and treatment technology, and in particular to a centralized high-temperature flue gas purification reactor. Background Technology

[0002] Incineration has become the primary method for treating organic solid waste, including municipal solid waste, medical waste, and industrial hazardous organic waste, in my country. Organic solid waste commonly contains sulfur, chlorine, and nitrogen. During combustion, these elements decompose upon heating and undergo intense high-temperature oxidation, generating and releasing CO2, CO, SO2, HCl, and NO. x Small molecule air pollutants are produced; under incomplete combustion conditions, high concentrations of small molecule organic gases, tar, and soot can be released; simultaneously, dioxins can be generated again during the cooling process of incineration flue gas. To achieve compliant emissions of flue gas pollutants, organic solid waste incineration facilities typically install long flue gas purification systems.

[0003] In the removal of acidic gases (mainly SO2 and HCl) from incineration flue gas, medium and large-scale municipal solid waste incineration facilities (municipal solid waste incineration power plants, single unit processing capacity ≥300 tons / day) generally adopt a "semi-dry + dry" combined process desulfurization technology (standard configuration), which is an end-of-pipe treatment technology. The main equipment for semi-dry desulfurization is the desulfurization tower, also known as a cooling tower or acid gas neutralization tower, with an operating temperature of 150-300 ℃. Dry desulfurization usually involves setting injection points on the flue gas duct before the bag filter, injecting a neutralizing agent (slaked lime or sodium bicarbonate), with the main reaction completed on the surface of the filter bags, as an auxiliary means of semi-dry desulfurization. At the same time, wet desulfurization technology is also used in a few municipal solid waste incineration power plants and most hazardous waste incineration facilities, installed after the bag filter, and usually sprayed with sodium hydroxide solution.

[0004] NO removal from incineration flue gas x In this regard, all municipal solid waste incineration plants employ selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) denitrification technology. In the SNCR process, a reducing agent, urea solution or ammonia water, is atomized and sprayed into the high-temperature flue gas to remove NO. x It is reduced to N2. However, existing solid waste incineration facilities currently use SNCR denitrification equipment alone to remove NO. x The efficiency is low, typically below 50%, mainly due to the small reactor volume, high gas flow rate, and short reaction time, resulting in incomplete reaction and difficulty in removing NO. x Emission levels have been consistently controlled at 100 mg / Nm³. 3Increasing the amount of reducing agents urea and ammonia water will lead to an increase in ammonia escape. A small number of solid waste incineration enterprises are equipped with selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitration devices. In the SCR denitration process of solid waste incineration facilities, the catalyst module is usually placed at the rear end of the flue gas facility, the reaction temperature is 180-250 ℃, and the commonly used reducing agent is ammonia water. The SCR denitration technology has high denitration efficiency, which can reach more than 90%, but the equipment investment is large and the operation cost is high.

[0005] In terms of dioxin emission control, solid waste incineration enterprises generally use "high-temperature combustion technology", "flue gas quenching technology" and "activated carbon adsorption + bag dust removal technology". By high-temperature combustion to reduce the generation of dioxin precursors, by reducing the residence time of flue gas at the optimal generation temperature of dioxin to reduce the generation amount of dioxin, and by activated carbon adsorption to improve the interception efficiency of bag dust collector for flue gas dioxin. Despite this, a small number of waste incineration power plants still have dioxin emissions exceeding the standard. Moreover, it is extremely difficult for medical waste and industrial hazardous waste incineration facilities to meet the standard for dioxin emissions.

[0006] At present, the treatment of waste incineration flue gas still mainly relies on end-of-pipe disposal, and there are few choices of technology and lack of innovation. In order to achieve the standard emission or (ultra) low emission of flue gas pollutants, in the existing patent technology, solid waste incineration facilities usually have a long flue gas purification treatment process and install more flue gas purification treatment units.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a combined high-temperature flue gas purification reactor and a multi-pollutant co-removal method. The developed "ultra-low emission technology" has a core concept innovation, i.e. from "traditional end-of-pipe disposal" to "source-end multi-pollutant co-control", which can efficiently remove carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and other small-molecule gaseous pollutants in the initial stage of flue gas generation, while removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and organic pollutants such as tar, and effectively inhibiting the generation of dioxin. Combined with the joint use of other end-of-pipe treatment equipment such as semi-dry desulfurization system, activated carbon injection system and bag dust collector, the emission of CO, SO2, NO x , HCl, heavy metals and dioxin can reach low or ultra-low emission standards. The present application has wide applicability and is not only suitable for waste incineration treatment systems of daily life garbage, medical waste and industrial organic solid waste, but also can effectively deal with other complex incineration flue gas environments. SUMMARY

[0008] This invention provides a combined high-temperature flue gas purification reactor, wherein the reactor is arranged with a high-temperature chamber and a reaction chamber in sequence according to the flue gas flow direction; the reactor interior is divided into a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber by a partition in the middle, and the top of the partition is sealed to the reactor, so that the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber are arranged in a zigzag layout; the first reaction chamber is equipped with a reducing denitrification agent solution injection device, and the second reaction chamber is equipped with a flue gas deacidification agent injection device.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the inlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the combustion chamber of the solid waste incineration system, and the outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the waste heat recovery device or flue gas quenching device of the solid waste incineration system; the inlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the inlet of the high-temperature chamber, and the outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the tail of the second reaction chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, an electric heater can be selectively installed at the inlet of the high-temperature chamber, followed by a first temperature sensor. The switch of the electric heater is automatically adjusted according to the preset temperature of the first temperature sensor, thereby controlling the switch of the electric heater in the high-temperature chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution spraying device includes 2-8 atomizing spray guns, which are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides near the inlet of the reaction chamber, with 1-4 guns on each side, arranged in a cross pattern. A second temperature sensor is arranged near the inlet of the first reaction chamber and a third temperature sensor is arranged near the outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device includes 2-4 spray guns, which are selectively arranged near the outlet of the first reaction chamber and near the inlet of the second reaction chamber. A fourth temperature sensor is arranged near the inlet of the second reaction chamber and a fifth temperature sensor is arranged near the outlet. A water cooling device is installed on the inner wall of the middle part and near the outlet of the second reaction chamber, and a sixth temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the second reaction chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the reactor is provided with an ash discharge port at the bottom; the inner wall of the reactor is lined with thermal insulation material; and both the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber are cuboids.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for the synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from high-temperature flue gas. This method utilizes the aforementioned integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor and includes the following steps:

[0015] (1) By controlling the switch of the electric heater of the high-temperature chamber, the temperature of the high-temperature chamber is increased, and the residence time of the flue gas in the high-temperature chamber is not less than 1 second, so as to ensure that the temperature of the flue gas entering the first reaction chamber is 920-1050℃.

[0016] (2) A high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution is injected into the upper part of the first reaction chamber through a high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution injection device. The residence time of the flue gas in the first reaction chamber is not less than 2 seconds, and the temperature difference between the outlet and inlet flue gas of the first reaction chamber is controlled at 75±15℃. The high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution used in the high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution injection device is a mixed aqueous solution of urea and sodium salt. Calculated by mass percentage, the concentration of urea in the injected mixed aqueous solution is 2wt%-10wt%, and the concentration of sodium salt is 0.1wt%-1wt%.

[0017] (3) High-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent is injected into the outlet of the first reaction chamber, the inlet of the second reaction chamber, and the middle of the second reaction chamber using a high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device. The residence time of the flue gas between the outlet of the first reaction chamber and the outlet of the second reaction chamber is not less than 3 seconds. The flue gas temperature at the outlet of the second reaction chamber is controlled to be 600-700℃ using a water-cooling device installed on the inner wall of the second reaction chamber. The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent used in the high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device is a solid powdered calcium-based alkaline substance.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the sodium salt is one of industrial-grade sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, or a mixture thereof.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the solid powdered calcium-based alkaline substance is mainly composed of one or a mixture of industrial-grade calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide, with a particle size ≤200 mesh, and in an optimized state ≤400 mesh.

[0020] The principle of the method of this invention is as follows:

[0021] (1) Since the flue gas temperature generated in the combustion chamber of the solid waste incineration system is usually between 850-1050℃ and fluctuates greatly, the flue gas temperature is increased by using an electric heater, and the insulation material will keep the temperature in the high-temperature chamber constant. The flue gas stays in the high-temperature chamber for no less than 1 second to ensure that the temperature rises to 920-1050℃. This can almost completely oxidize and decompose the small molecule organic gases, tar substances and dioxins generated in the incomplete combustion state, thereby reducing the emission of VOCs and dioxins. At the same time, most of the CO in the flue gas can be oxidized into CO2, reducing CO emissions. In addition, the higher flue gas temperature in the high-temperature chamber can provide temperature guarantee for the subsequent reduction and denitrification reaction in the first reaction chamber.

[0022] (2) The inlet temperature of the first reaction chamber is controlled at 920-1050℃, and the outlet temperature is controlled at 830-990℃. The residence time of the flue gas in the first reaction chamber is not less than 2 seconds, which can ensure that the reduction and denitrification reaction proceeds fully, thereby improving NO xThe removal efficiency can reach over 75%; at the same time, the high temperature in the first reaction chamber can further oxidize the residual CO and decompose the residual VOCs and dioxins completely.

[0023] (3) The high-temperature reducing denitrification agent sprayed into the first reaction chamber is a mixed solution of urea and sodium salt. Urea is the denitrification reducing agent; sodium salt is sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate, which can promote the denitrification reaction and effectively expand the denitrification reaction temperature window and reduce the optimal reaction temperature. Its synergistic principle is: under high temperature and high humidity conditions, sodium ions or compounds can promote the decomposition of water molecules to generate H+. and OH radicals promote reductive denitrification reactions. During this process, sodium ions or compounds are not consumed; therefore, they can specifically neutralize HCl in high-temperature flue gas to form NaCl, thus synergistically removing HCl from the flue gas.

[0024] (4) A high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent is injected into the outlet of the first reaction chamber and the lower part of the second reaction chamber. The agent is a solid powdered calcium-based alkaline substance, primarily composed of industrial-grade calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide, or a mixture thereof, with a particle size ≤200 mesh, and ideally ≤400 mesh. During the flue gas cooling stage (900-600 ℃), the injected calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide can sequentially remove SO2 and HCl. The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent exhibits higher efficiency in removing acidic gases at high temperatures. The injected calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide can remove some HCl and most of the active chlorine (Cl2 and Cl·) at high temperatures, effectively curbing dioxin formation and thus significantly reducing dioxin emissions.

[0025] Beneficial effects of the invention

[0026] The integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor and multi-pollutant synergistic removal method of the present invention can be used in municipal solid waste incineration systems, medical waste incineration systems, and industrial organic solid waste incineration systems. It can also be extended to treat other complex incineration flue gases, such as secondary copper smelting and scrap steel smelting.

[0027] By using the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor and the multi-pollutant synergistic removal method of the present invention, CO, SO2, HCl and NO can be efficiently removed at the source. x It can effectively remove small molecule air pollutants, as well as organic pollutants such as VOCs and tar, and synergistically inhibit the formation of dioxins. When used in series with other end-of-pipe treatment equipment, such as semi-dry desulfurization units, activated carbon injection units, and bag filters, it can effectively remove CO, SO2, and NO. x Low or ultra-low emissions of HCl, heavy metals and dioxins.

[0028] Using the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor and multi-pollutant synergistic removal method of the present invention can shorten the end-of-pipe treatment process, save more than 30% of flue gas treatment consumables, and reduce fly ash yield by more than 15%. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a combined high-temperature flue gas purification reactor.

[0030] In the diagram, 1. The main body of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor; 2. Insulation material; 3. Electric heater; 4. First temperature sensor; 5. Second temperature sensor; 6. High-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution injection device; 7. Flow controller; 8. High-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution spray gun; 9. Third temperature sensor; 10. Ash discharge port; 11. High-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device; 12. Spherical distributor; 13. High-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent spray gun; 14. Fourth temperature sensor; 15. Water-cooled wall; 16. Fifth temperature sensor; 17. Sixth temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Example 1

[0032] See Figure 1 A combined high-temperature flue gas purification reactor includes a reactor body. The reactor is arranged in sequence according to the flue gas flow direction, comprising a high-temperature chamber, a first reaction chamber, and a second reaction chamber. The reactor interior is divided into the first and second reaction chambers by a partition. The top of the partition is sealed to the reactor, and the bottom of the partition is spaced from the bottom of the reactor, creating a zigzag layout for the first and second reaction chambers. A high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution injection device is installed near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, and a high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device is installed near the inlet of the second reaction chamber.

[0033] Insulation material is laid on the inner walls of the high-temperature chamber and reactor.

[0034] The internal volume of the high-temperature reaction chamber is 3 m³. 3 Both the first and second reaction chambers are rectangular parallelepipeds, and are symmetrical, with an internal volume of 5 m³. 3 .

[0035] The inlet of the aforementioned integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the combustion chamber of a small-scale solid waste pyrolysis gasification incineration system with a daily solid waste processing capacity of 8 tons, and the average flue gas flow rate is approximately 1500 Nm³. 3The inlet temperature of the high-temperature chamber is 500-750 ℃. The outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the flue gas quenching device of the solid waste incineration system; the inlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the entrance of the high-temperature chamber, and the outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the tail end of the second reaction chamber.

[0036] An electric heater is installed in the high-temperature room, followed by a first temperature sensor. The switch of the electric heater is automatically adjusted according to the preset temperature of the first temperature sensor.

[0037] The high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution injection device includes two atomizing spray guns, which are the high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution spray guns, respectively arranged on the front and rear sides near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, one on each side, in a cross arrangement. A second temperature sensor is arranged near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, and a third temperature sensor is arranged near the outlet. The high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution injection device includes a flow controller.

[0038] The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device includes two spray guns, namely high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent spray guns. The first spray gun is located near the front side of the outlet of the first reaction chamber, and the second spray gun is located near the rear side of the inlet of the second reaction chamber. The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device distributes the sprayed material to the spray guns through a spherical distributor. A fourth temperature sensor is located near the inlet of the second reaction chamber, and a fifth temperature sensor is located near the outlet. Water-cooled walls are installed on the inner walls of the middle part and near the outlet of the second reaction chamber, and a sixth temperature sensor is located at the outlet of the second reaction chamber.

[0039] The reactor is equipped with an ash discharge port at the bottom.

[0040] A method for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from high-temperature flue gas, wherein the method is performed using the aforementioned integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor, and the steps include:

[0041] By controlling the switch of the electric heater in the high-temperature chamber or by adjusting the flue gas temperature in the combustion chamber of the solid waste incineration system, the flue gas temperature in the high-temperature chamber is controlled at 950-1030℃, and the residence time of the flue gas in the high-temperature chamber is about 1.5 seconds.

[0042] High-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution is injected into the upper part of the first reaction chamber through a high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution injection device. The residence time of flue gas in the first reaction chamber is about 4.0 seconds, and the temperature difference between the outlet and inlet flue gas of the first reaction chamber is controlled at 60-80℃.

[0043] High-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent is injected near the outlet of the first reaction chamber and near the inlet of the second reaction chamber using a high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device. The residence time of the flue gas between the outlet of the first reaction chamber and the outlet of the second reaction chamber is about 5.0 seconds. The flue gas temperature at the outlet of the second reaction chamber is controlled to be 600-650℃ by a water-cooled wall installed on the inner wall of the second reaction chamber.

[0044] The high-temperature reducing denitrification agent used in the high-temperature reducing denitrification agent spraying device is a mixed aqueous solution of urea and sodium salt. Calculated by mass percentage, the concentration of urea in the sprayed mixed aqueous solution is 5wt%-7wt%, and the concentration of sodium salt is 0.5wt%-0.7wt%; the sodium salt is industrial-grade sodium carbonate.

[0045] The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent used in the aforementioned high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device is a solid powdered calcium-based alkaline substance, the main component of which is industrial-grade calcium hydroxide, with a particle size of approximately 400 mesh.

[0046] In this embodiment, the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor has an efficiency of 53%-60% for SO2 removal, 40%-48% for HCl removal, and [a certain efficiency is missing in the original text]. x The removal efficiency is 70%-75%.

[0047] Following the flue gas quenching device in the small-scale solid waste pyrolysis gasification incineration system, a semi-dry desulfurization unit, a bag filter, an induced draft fan, and a chimney are connected in series. An activated carbon injection device is installed in the flue gas duct before the bag filter to inject activated carbon into the flue gas duct. Under normal operating conditions, the atmospheric emissions of flue gas pollutants are as follows: NO x 50-70 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); SO2, 10-20 mg / Nm³ 3 (Hourly average); CO, 10-50 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); HCl, 30-50 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); Particulate matter, <10 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); Dioxins, <0.1 ng TEQ / Nm 3 .

[0048] Example 2

[0049] See Figure 1A combined high-temperature flue gas purification reactor includes a reactor body. The reactor is arranged in sequence according to the flue gas flow direction, comprising a high-temperature chamber, a first reaction chamber, and a second reaction chamber. The reactor interior is divided into the first and second reaction chambers by a partition. The top of the partition is sealed to the reactor, making the first and second reaction chambers have a zigzag layout. A high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution injection device is installed near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, and a high-temperature flue gas deacidification agent injection device is installed near the inlet of the second reaction chamber.

[0050] Insulation material is laid on the inner walls of the high-temperature chamber and reactor.

[0051] The internal volume of the high-temperature reaction chamber is 10 m³. 3 Both the first and second reaction chambers are rectangular parallelepipeds, and are symmetrical, with an internal volume of 15 m³. 3 .

[0052] The inlet of the aforementioned integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the combustion chamber of a medical waste pyrolysis gasification incineration system with a daily solid waste processing capacity of 15 tons, and the average flue gas flow rate is approximately 5000 Nm³. 3 The inlet temperature of the high-temperature chamber is 920-980 ℃. The outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the flue gas quenching device of the solid waste incineration system; the inlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the entrance of the high-temperature chamber, and the outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the tail of the second reaction chamber.

[0053] The high-temperature room does not have an electric heater installed. Instead, a first temperature sensor is installed behind it, and the switch of the electric heater is automatically adjusted according to the preset temperature of the first temperature sensor.

[0054] The high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution injection device includes four atomizing spray guns, which are the high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution spray guns, respectively arranged on the front and rear sides near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, with two guns on each side in a staggered arrangement. A second temperature sensor is arranged near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, and a third temperature sensor is arranged near the outlet. The high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution injection device includes a flow controller.

[0055] The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device includes four spray guns, namely the high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent spray guns. The first and second spray guns are arranged on the front and rear sides near the outlet of the first reaction chamber, and the third and fourth spray guns are arranged on the front and rear sides near the inlet of the second reaction chamber, in a cross arrangement. The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device distributes the sprayed material to the spray guns through a spherical distributor. A fourth temperature sensor is arranged near the inlet of the second reaction chamber, a fifth temperature sensor is arranged near the outlet, a water-cooled wall is installed on the inner wall of the middle part and near the outlet of the second reaction chamber, and a sixth temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the second reaction chamber.

[0056] The reactor is equipped with an ash discharge port at the bottom.

[0057] A method for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from high-temperature flue gas, wherein the method is performed using the aforementioned integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor, and the steps include:

[0058] By controlling the switch of the electric heater in the high-temperature chamber or by adjusting the flue gas temperature in the combustion chamber of the solid waste incineration system, the flue gas temperature in the high-temperature chamber is controlled at 920-950℃, and the residence time of the flue gas in the high-temperature chamber is about 1.6 seconds.

[0059] High-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution is injected into the upper part of the first reaction chamber through a high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution injection device. The residence time of flue gas in the first reaction chamber is about 2.7 seconds, and the temperature difference between the outlet and inlet flue gas of the first reaction chamber is controlled at 65-85℃.

[0060] High-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent is injected near the outlet of the first reaction chamber and near the inlet of the second reaction chamber using a high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device. The residence time of the flue gas between the outlet of the first reaction chamber and the outlet of the second reaction chamber is about 3.0 seconds. The flue gas temperature at the outlet of the second reaction chamber is controlled to be 620-670℃ by a water-cooled wall installed on the inner wall of the second reaction chamber.

[0061] The high-temperature reducing denitrification agent used in the high-temperature reducing denitrification agent spraying device is a mixed aqueous solution of urea and sodium salt. Calculated by mass percentage, the concentration of urea in the sprayed mixed aqueous solution is 2wt%-5wt%, and the concentration of sodium salt is 0.3wt%-0.5wt%; the sodium salt is industrial-grade sodium bicarbonate.

[0062] The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent used in the aforementioned high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device is a solid powdered calcium-based alkaline substance, the main component of which is industrial-grade calcium oxide, with a particle size of approximately 500 mesh.

[0063] In this embodiment, the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor has an efficiency of 55%-62% for SO2 removal, 45%-50% for HCl removal, and [a certain efficiency is missing in the original text]. x The removal efficiency is 65%-70%.

[0064] Following the flue gas quenching device in the medical waste pyrolysis gasification incineration system, a semi-dry desulfurization unit, a bag filter, an induced draft fan, and a chimney are connected in series. An activated carbon injection device is installed in the flue gas duct before the bag filter to inject activated carbon into the flue gas duct. Under normal operating conditions, the atmospheric emissions of flue gas pollutants are as follows: NO x 40-60 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); SO2, 5-25 mg / Nm³ 3 (Hourly average); CO, 5-30 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); HCl, 10-30 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); Particulate matter, <10 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); Dioxins, <0.1 ng TEQ / Nm 3 .

[0065] Example 3

[0066] See Figure 1 A combined high-temperature flue gas purification reactor includes a reactor body. The reactor is arranged in sequence according to the flue gas flow direction, comprising a high-temperature chamber, a first reaction chamber, and a second reaction chamber. The reactor interior is divided into the first and second reaction chambers by a partition. The top of the partition is sealed to the reactor, making the first and second reaction chambers have a zigzag layout. A high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution injection device is installed near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, and a high-temperature flue gas deacidification agent injection device is installed near the inlet of the second reaction chamber.

[0067] Insulation material is laid on the inner walls of the high-temperature chamber and reactor.

[0068] The high-temperature reaction chamber has an internal volume of 20 m³. 3 Both the first and second reaction chambers are rectangular parallelepipeds, and are symmetrical, with an internal volume of 38 m³. 3 .

[0069] The inlet of the aforementioned integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the secondary combustion chamber of a grate furnace capable of processing 50 tons of municipal solid waste per day, with an average flue gas flow rate of approximately 13,000 Nm³. 3 The inlet temperature of the high-temperature chamber is 950-1020 ℃. The outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the waste heat recovery device of the grate furnace waste incineration system; the inlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the entrance of the high-temperature chamber, and the outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the tail of the second reaction chamber.

[0070] The high-temperature room does not have an electric heater installed. Instead, a first temperature sensor is installed behind it, and the switch of the electric heater is automatically adjusted according to the preset temperature of the first temperature sensor.

[0071] The high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution injection device includes four atomizing spray guns, which are the high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution spray guns, respectively arranged on the front and rear sides near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, with two guns on each side in a staggered arrangement. A second temperature sensor is arranged near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, and a third temperature sensor is arranged near the outlet. The high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution injection device includes a flow controller.

[0072] The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device includes four spray guns, namely the high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent spray guns. The first and second spray guns are arranged on the front and rear sides near the outlet of the first reaction chamber, and the third and fourth spray guns are arranged on the front and rear sides near the inlet of the second reaction chamber, in a cross arrangement. The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device distributes the sprayed material to the spray guns through a spherical distributor. A fourth temperature sensor is arranged near the inlet of the second reaction chamber, a fifth temperature sensor is arranged near the outlet, a water-cooled wall is installed on the inner wall of the middle part and near the outlet of the second reaction chamber, and a sixth temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the second reaction chamber.

[0073] The reactor is equipped with an ash discharge port at the bottom.

[0074] A method for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from high-temperature flue gas, wherein the method is performed using the aforementioned integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor, and the steps include:

[0075] By controlling the switch of the electric heater in the high-temperature chamber or by adjusting the flue gas temperature in the combustion chamber of the solid waste incineration system, the flue gas temperature in the high-temperature chamber is controlled at 950-1020 ℃, and the residence time of the flue gas in the high-temperature chamber is about 1.2 seconds.

[0076] High-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution is injected into the upper part of the first reaction chamber through a high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution injection device. The residence time of flue gas in the first reaction chamber is about 2.6 seconds, and the temperature difference between the outlet and inlet flue gas of the first reaction chamber is controlled at 60-75℃.

[0077] High-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent is injected near the outlet of the first reaction chamber and near the inlet of the second reaction chamber using a high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device. The residence time of the flue gas between the outlet of the first reaction chamber and the outlet of the second reaction chamber is about 3.1 seconds. The flue gas temperature at the outlet of the second reaction chamber is controlled to be 650-700℃ by a water-cooled wall installed on the inner wall of the second reaction chamber.

[0078] The high-temperature reducing denitrification agent used in the high-temperature reducing denitrification agent spraying device is a mixed aqueous solution of urea and sodium salt. Calculated by mass percentage, the concentration of urea in the sprayed mixed aqueous solution is 8wt%-10wt%, and the concentration of sodium salt is 0.8wt%-1wt%; the sodium salt is industrial-grade sodium bicarbonate.

[0079] The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent used in the aforementioned high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device is a solid powdered calcium-based alkaline substance, whose main components are a mixture of industrial-grade calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide, and its particle size is approximately 200 mesh.

[0080] In this embodiment, the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor has an efficiency of 60%-68% for SO2 removal, 50%-55% for HCl removal, and [a certain efficiency is required for NO removal]. x The removal efficiency is 70%-75%.

[0081] Following the waste heat recovery device in the grate furnace waste incineration system, a semi-dry desulfurization unit, a bag filter, an induced draft fan, and a chimney are connected in series. An activated carbon injection device is installed in the flue gas duct before the bag filter to inject activated carbon into the flue gas. Under normal operating conditions, the atmospheric emissions of flue gas pollutants are as follows: NO x 30-55 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); SO2, 5-15 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); CO, 1-10 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); HCl, 15-32 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); Particulate matter, <8 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); Dioxins, <0.05 ng TEQ / Nm 3 .

[0082] Example 4

[0083] See Figure 1 A combined high-temperature flue gas purification reactor includes a reactor body. The reactor is arranged in sequence according to the flue gas flow direction, comprising a high-temperature chamber, a first reaction chamber, and a second reaction chamber. The reactor interior is divided into the first and second reaction chambers by a partition. The top of the partition is sealed to the reactor, making the first and second reaction chambers have a zigzag layout. A high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution injection device is installed near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, and a high-temperature flue gas deacidification agent injection device is installed near the inlet of the second reaction chamber.

[0084] Insulation material is laid on the inner walls of the high-temperature chamber and reactor.

[0085] The internal volume of the high-temperature reaction chamber is 36 m³. 3Both the first and second reaction chambers are rectangular parallelepipeds, and are symmetrical, with an internal volume of 90 m³. 3 .

[0086] The inlet of the aforementioned integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the secondary combustion chamber of a grate furnace capable of processing 100 tons of municipal solid waste per day, with an average flue gas flow rate of approximately 25,000 Nm³. 3 The inlet temperature of the high-temperature chamber is 980-1050 ℃. The outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the waste heat recovery device of the grate furnace waste incineration system; the inlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the entrance of the high-temperature chamber, and the outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the tail of the second reaction chamber.

[0087] The high-temperature room does not have an electric heater installed. Instead, a first temperature sensor is installed behind it, and the switch of the electric heater is automatically adjusted according to the preset temperature of the first temperature sensor.

[0088] The high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution injection device includes eight atomizing spray guns, which are the high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution spray guns, respectively arranged on the front and rear sides near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, with four guns on each side in a staggered layout. A second temperature sensor is arranged near the inlet of the first reaction chamber, and a third temperature sensor is arranged near the outlet. The high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution injection device includes a flow controller.

[0089] The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device includes three spray guns, namely the high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent spray guns. The first spray gun is located near the front side of the outlet of the first reaction chamber, and the second and third spray guns are located on the front and rear sides near the inlet of the second reaction chamber, arranged in a cross pattern. The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device distributes the sprayed material to the spray guns through a spherical distributor. A fourth temperature sensor is located near the inlet of the second reaction chamber, a fifth temperature sensor is located near the outlet, a water-cooled wall is installed on the inner wall of the middle part and near the outlet of the second reaction chamber, and a sixth temperature sensor is located at the outlet of the second reaction chamber.

[0090] The reactor is equipped with an ash discharge port at the bottom.

[0091] A method for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from high-temperature flue gas, wherein the method is performed using the aforementioned integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor, and the steps include:

[0092] By controlling the switch of the electric heater in the high-temperature chamber or by adjusting the flue gas temperature in the combustion chamber of the solid waste incineration system, the flue gas temperature in the high-temperature chamber is controlled at 1000-1050 ℃, and the residence time of the flue gas in the high-temperature chamber is about 1.1 seconds.

[0093] High-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution is injected into the upper part of the first reaction chamber through a high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution injection device. The residence time of flue gas in the first reaction chamber is about 3.0 seconds, and the temperature difference between the flue gas outlet and inlet of the first reaction chamber is controlled at 80-90℃.

[0094] High-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent is injected near the outlet of the first reaction chamber and near the inlet of the second reaction chamber using a high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device. The residence time of the flue gas between the outlet of the first reaction chamber and the outlet of the second reaction chamber is about 3.5 seconds. The flue gas temperature at the outlet of the second reaction chamber is controlled to be 650-680℃ by a water-cooled wall installed on the inner wall of the second reaction chamber.

[0095] The high-temperature reducing denitrification agent used in the high-temperature reducing denitrification agent spraying device is a mixed aqueous solution of urea and sodium salt. Calculated by mass percentage, the concentration of urea in the sprayed mixed aqueous solution is 6wt%-8wt%, and the concentration of sodium salt is 0.5wt%-0.8wt%. The sodium salt is a mixture of industrial-grade sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.

[0096] The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent used in the aforementioned high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device is a solid powdered calcium-based alkaline substance, whose main components are a mixture of industrial-grade calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide, and its particle size is approximately 300 mesh.

[0097] In this embodiment, the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor has an efficiency of 65%-72% for SO2 removal, 52%-57% for HCl removal, and [a certain efficiency is missing in the original text]. x The removal efficiency is 75%-80%.

[0098] Following the waste heat recovery device in the grate furnace waste incineration system, a semi-dry desulfurization unit, a bag filter, an induced draft fan, and a chimney are connected in series. An activated carbon injection device is installed in the flue gas duct before the bag filter to inject activated carbon into the flue gas. Under normal operating conditions, the atmospheric emissions of flue gas pollutants are as follows: NO x 35-60 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); SO2, 2-10 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); CO, 2-15 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); HCl, 8-20 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); Particulate matter, <8 mg / Nm 3 (Hourly average); Dioxins, <0.05 ng TEQ / Nm 3 .

Claims

1. A centralized high-temperature flue gas purification reactor, characterized in that, The reactor is arranged with a high-temperature chamber and a reactor in sequence according to the flue gas flow direction; the reactor is divided into a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber by a partition in the middle, and the top of the partition is sealed to the reactor, so that the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber are arranged in a zigzag pattern. The first reaction chamber is equipped with a high-temperature reducing denitrification agent solution injection device, and the second reaction chamber is equipped with a high-temperature flue gas deacidification agent injection device; The inlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the combustion chamber of the incineration system, and the outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is directly connected to the waste heat recovery device or flue gas quenching device of the incineration system; the inlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the entrance of the high-temperature chamber, and the outlet of the integrated high-temperature flue gas purification reactor is located at the tail of the second reaction chamber. The high-temperature chamber can be selectively equipped with an electric heater, followed by a first temperature sensor. The switch of the electric heater is automatically adjusted according to the preset temperature of the first temperature sensor. The high-temperature reduction denitrification agent solution spraying device includes 2-8 atomizing spray guns, which are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides near the inlet of the reaction chamber, with 1-4 guns on each side, arranged in a cross pattern. A second temperature sensor is arranged near the inlet of the first reaction chamber and a third temperature sensor is arranged near the outlet. The high-temperature flue gas deacidifying agent injection device includes 2-4 spray guns, which are selectively arranged near the outlet of the first reaction chamber and near the inlet of the second reaction chamber. A fourth temperature sensor is arranged near the inlet of the second reaction chamber and a fifth temperature sensor is arranged near the outlet. A water cooling device is installed on the inner wall of the middle part and near the outlet of the second reaction chamber, and a sixth temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the second reaction chamber.

2. The reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor is equipped with an ash discharge port at the bottom.

3. The reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the reactor is lined with insulation material.

4. The reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-cooling device includes a water-cooled wall.

5. The reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reaction chamber is a cuboid.

6. The reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second reaction chamber is a cuboid.

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