System for collecting, purifying, utilizing and treating waste gas in hazardous waste repository

Abstract

The utility model provides a system for collecting, purifying, utilizing and treating waste gas in a hazardous waste repository, and belongs to the technical field of waste gas treatment equipment. The utility model solves the problem that the operation cost is relatively high as the adsorption device is usually adopted for continuous treatment in the common hazardous waste storage waste gas treatment process, and the adsorbent in the adsorption device needs to be frequently replaced or regenerated. The system comprises a hazardous waste storage warehouse, a filter, a washing tower and a purification and utilization passage which are connected in sequence, and a treatment passage is arranged on a branch; a demister is arranged at the top of the washing tower; the purification utilization passage comprises a first switch valve, a first shunting fan and an air supply port which are connected in sequence; and the treatment passage comprises a second switch valve, a second shunt fan, an adsorption device and an exhaust port which are connected in sequence. The device is mainly used for collecting, purifying, utilizing and treating the waste gas in the hazardous waste repository.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of waste gas treatment equipment, and relates to a waste gas collection, purification, utilization and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility. Background Technology

[0002] Hazardous waste has a complex composition and is characterized by strong odors, high irritation, and high volatility. Improper disposal can easily harm the physical and mental health of employees and damage the surrounding environment. Enterprises typically have hazardous waste storage facilities where hazardous waste is packaged and stored centrally. Although hazardous waste is packaged, small amounts of dust, VOCs, acid mist, toxic and harmful pollutants, and irritating gases may still volatilize during storage, mixing with the air to form low-concentration exhaust gases within the hazardous waste storage facility. Therefore, continuous treatment of the exhaust gases within the hazardous waste storage facility is necessary.

[0003] Currently, most common treatment technologies employ adsorption devices for continuous processing. However, the adsorbent within these devices requires frequent replacement or regeneration, resulting in high operating costs. Furthermore, hazardous waste treatment companies often include incineration systems, which have stable air supply requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the issue that existing waste treatment technologies often rely on adsorption devices for continuous processing, which require frequent replacement or regeneration of the adsorbent and result in high operating costs, this invention proposes a waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system for hazardous waste storage facilities. The system pre-treats the waste gas in the storage facility, recovering a portion of the low-concentration waste gas for stable air supply to an external incineration system, and also incinerating the low-concentration waste gas within the incineration system. The remaining waste gas is then continuously treated by the adsorption device, reducing the total amount of waste gas treated by adsorption and saving operating costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a waste gas collection, purification, utilization and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility, comprising a hazardous waste storage facility, a filter and a scrubbing tower connected in sequence, and further comprising a purification and utilization passage and a treatment passage connected to the scrubbing tower;

[0006] The purification and utilization passage includes a first switching valve, a first diversion fan, and an air supply outlet connected in sequence.

[0007] The processing path includes a second switching valve, a second diversion fan, an adsorption device, and an exhaust stack connected in sequence.

[0008] Furthermore, the airflow of the first and second split-flow fans is adjustable.

[0009] Furthermore, a natural air passage is provided between the first diversion fan and the air supply outlet. The natural air passage includes a third switch valve and an air supply fan connected in sequence. The air supply fan is connected to the atmosphere and the air force is adjustable.

[0010] Furthermore, the first diversion fan, the second diversion fan, and the supply fan are all variable frequency fans.

[0011] Furthermore, a collecting fan is provided between the washing tower and the first and second switching valves.

[0012] Furthermore, the washing tower uses sodium hydroxide solution as the washing liquid, and an automatic dosing system is used to control the pH value of the washing liquid between 10 and 12. A demister is installed at the top of the washing tower.

[0013] Furthermore, the adsorption device is provided with at least two adsorption units connected in parallel, and the packing material of the adsorption unit is activated carbon.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a desorption device, the components of which are connected in series on both sides of the adsorption device.

[0015] Furthermore, the desorption device includes a nitrogen source, a nitrogen heater, a condenser, a gas-liquid separator, and a desorption waste liquid storage tank. The nitrogen source, nitrogen heater, adsorption device, and condenser are connected in sequence. The gas outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the liquid outlet is connected to the desorption waste liquid storage tank. The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the nitrogen heater, and the liquid outlet is connected to the desorption waste liquid storage tank.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the waste gas collection, purification, utilization and treatment system in the hazardous waste storage facility described in this utility model are:

[0017] 1. This utility model can continuously treat large volumes of low-concentration waste gas in hazardous waste storage facilities.

[0018] 2. This utility model pre-treats the waste gas and recovers most of the waste gas through the air supply port to supply air to the external incineration system, thereby reducing the total amount of waste gas that needs to be treated by adsorption and saving operating costs.

[0019] 3. This utility model utilizes the adjustable fan force to flexibly distribute the flow rate of exhaust gas according to different working conditions and by using the difference in fan force, and treats exhaust gas with different flow rates separately in different ways.

[0020] 4. This utility model can be combined with multiple adjustable fans and multiple valves to form different gas passages to adapt to different working conditions.

[0021] 5. This utility model is equipped with a desorption device, and the adsorbent in the adsorption device can be regenerated and recycled.

[0022] 6. This utility model uses nitrogen as the desorption gas source to provide an oxygen-free desorption environment and reduce the risk of explosion. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model.

[0024] In the attached diagram:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection methods of each part of the system;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the adsorption device and the desorption device in this system;

[0027] In the diagram: 1-Hazardous waste storage tank; 2-Filter; 3-Scrubbing tower; 41-First switch valve; 42-First diversion fan; 43-Air supply outlet; 44-Third switch valve; 45-Air supply fan; 51-Second switch valve; 52-Second diversion fan; 53-Adsorption device; 54-Exhaust stack; 55-Nitrogen source; 56-Nitrogen heater; 57-Condenser; 58-Gas-liquid separator; 59-Desorbed waste liquid storage tank; 6-Collection fan. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figure 1 This embodiment describes a waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility, comprising a hazardous waste storage facility 1, a filter 2, and a scrubbing tower 3 connected in sequence, and further comprising a purification and utilization passage and a treatment passage connected to the scrubbing tower 3;

[0030] The purification and utilization passage includes a first switching valve 41, a first diversion fan 42, and an air supply port 43 connected in sequence.

[0031] The processing path includes a second switching valve 51, a second diversion fan 52, an adsorption device 53, and an exhaust pipe 54 connected in sequence.

[0032] In this embodiment, the airflow of the first split fan 42 and the second split fan 52 is adjustable.

[0033] This invention takes into account that incineration systems are often located near hazardous waste storage facilities, and these systems require a stable air supply. The waste gas in hazardous waste storage facilities is characterized by low concentration and large volume. Therefore, the design scheme pre-treats the continuously generated low-concentration waste gas from the storage facility and connects it to an external incineration system through an air supply port. The waste gas is used to supply air to the incineration system, while simultaneously incinerating harmful substances in the waste gas. The remaining portion is treated through adsorption.

[0034] This invention employs filtration and washing to pretreat waste gas, effectively removing dust and some water-soluble toxic and harmful gases. The incineration system's air supply demand varies depending on the flue gas temperature; therefore, two adjustable-force split fans are installed. By adjusting the fan force, the pretreated waste gas flow is flexibly allocated, prioritizing supply to the incineration system, while the remaining portion is continuously treated by the adsorption device. When the external incineration system shuts down, the second switch valve 51 and the second split fan 52 are closed, allowing all waste gas to be treated through the adsorption process.

[0035] This invention can continuously treat waste gas in hazardous waste storage facilities, and at the same time, utilize existing facilities and processes to recycle most of the waste gas, reducing the total amount of waste gas that needs to be treated by adsorption and saving system operating costs.

[0036] In this embodiment, a natural ventilation path is provided between the first diversion fan 42 and the air supply port 43. The natural ventilation path includes a third switching valve 44 and an air supply fan 45 connected in sequence. The air supply fan 45 is connected to the atmosphere, and the airflow is adjustable. When there is no waste gas in the hazardous waste storage facility, or when the waste gas flow in the facility is insufficient to supply the incineration system, the air supply fan is used to provide complete or supplementary air supply to the incineration system, thus avoiding shutdown of the incineration system.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first diversion fan 42, the second diversion fan 52, and the supply fan 45 are all variable frequency fans. Variable frequency fans allow for flexible adjustment of ventilation volume as needed, matching with other ventilation equipment and achieving a smooth environmental transition.

[0038] In this embodiment, a collecting fan 6 is provided between the washing tower 3 and the fork in the road. The collecting fan 6 creates a negative pressure to collect the exhaust gas from the hazardous waste storage 1 before the fork in the road, thereby improving the ventilation efficiency of the system and facilitating the separation of the exhaust gas by the first diversion fan 42 and the second diversion fan 52.

[0039] In this embodiment, the scrubbing tower 3 uses sodium hydroxide solution as the scrubbing liquid, and an automatic dosing system controls the pH value of the scrubbing liquid between 10 and 12. A demister is installed at the top of the scrubbing tower 3. The sodium hydroxide solution effectively removes acid mist and acidic gases from the waste gas, reducing corrosion to pipelines. The automatic dosing system ensures the scrubbing effect and improves the system's automation level. The demister keeps the treated waste gas dry, facilitating its supply to the incineration system, and also increases the oxygen content in the waste gas after impurity removal.

[0040] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figure 2 This embodiment describes a waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility. The adsorption device 53 is equipped with at least two parallel adsorption units, and the packing material for the adsorption units is activated carbon.

[0041] In this embodiment, a desorption device is also included, wherein the components of the desorption device are connected in series on both sides of the adsorption device 53.

[0042] In this embodiment, the desorption device includes a nitrogen source 55, a nitrogen heater 56, a condenser 57, a gas-liquid separator 58, and a desorption waste liquid storage tank 59. The nitrogen source 55, nitrogen heater 56, adsorption device 53, and condenser 57 are connected in sequence. The gas outlet of the condenser 57 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 58, and the liquid outlet is connected to the desorption waste liquid storage tank 59. The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 58 is connected to the nitrogen heater 56, and the liquid outlet is connected to the desorption waste liquid storage tank 59.

[0043] When one adsorption unit in the adsorption device 53 becomes saturated, the waste gas inlet and outlet of the adsorption unit are closed, and nitrogen source 55 is turned on to introduce nitrogen. After the oxygen in the adsorption unit is completely replaced, nitrogen heater 56 is turned on to heat the nitrogen to the target temperature and then introduces it into the activated carbon packing in the adsorption unit. The nitrogen then sequentially enters condenser 57 and gas-liquid separator 58. After condensation and gas-liquid separation, the liquid enters desorption waste liquid storage tank 59. The low-temperature nitrogen after gas-liquid separation re-enters nitrogen heater 56 for circulating desorption. After desorption is completed, nitrogen heater is turned off, and nitrogen is circulated between the adsorption unit, condenser 57, and gas-liquid separator 58 to reduce the temperature of the activated carbon packing to about 30 degrees Celsius. This effectively achieves the desorption and separation of volatile organic compounds, while also realizing the regeneration and recycling of activated carbon.

[0044] The specific operation process of the waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility described in this utility model is as follows:

[0045] The first switch valve 41 and the second switch valve 51 are opened, and the first diversion fan 42 and the second diversion fan 52 are started to create negative pressure. The waste gas in the hazardous waste storage tank 1 is pretreated by passing through the filter 2 and the scrubbing tower 3 in sequence. The first diversion fan 42 and the second diversion fan 52 divert the pretreated waste gas. Part of it passes through the first switch valve 41, the first diversion fan 42 and the air supply port 43 in sequence to supply air to the incineration system, and the waste gas is incinerated by the incineration system. The remaining part passes through the second switch valve 51, the second diversion fan 52, the adsorption device 53 and the exhaust stack 54 in sequence and is discharged after meeting the standards. By setting the fans with adjustable wind speed, the waste gas flow can be flexibly distributed according to different operating conditions by using the wind speed difference. Supplementary air supply passages, automatic dosing systems and desorption devices can be added to further improve system stability and extend system service life.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present invention. The embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for collecting, purifying, utilizing, and treating waste gas in a hazardous waste storage facility, characterized in that: It includes a hazardous waste storage tank (1), a filter (2) and a scrubbing tower (3) connected in sequence, and also includes a purification and utilization passage and a treatment passage connected to the scrubbing tower (3); The purification and utilization passage includes a first switching valve (41), a first diversion fan (42), and an air supply port (43) connected in sequence; The processing path includes a second switching valve (51), a second diversion fan (52), an adsorption device (53), and an exhaust pipe (54) connected in sequence.

2. The waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind force of the first split fan (42) and the second split fan (52) is adjustable.

3. The waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: A natural air passage is provided between the first diversion fan (42) and the air supply port (43). The natural air passage includes a third switch valve (44) and an air supply fan (45) connected in sequence. The air supply fan (45) is connected to the atmosphere and the air force is adjustable.

4. The waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first diversion fan (42), the second diversion fan (52), and the air supply fan (45) are all variable frequency fans.

5. The waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility according to claim 4, characterized in that: A collecting fan (6) is provided between the washing tower (3) and the first switching valve (41) and the second switching valve (51).

6. The waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The washing tower (3) uses sodium hydroxide solution as the washing liquid, and the pH value of the washing liquid is controlled between 10 and 12 by an automatic dosing system. The washing tower (3) is equipped with a demister at the top.

7. The waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption device (53) is provided with at least two adsorption units connected in parallel, and the packing material of the adsorption unit is activated carbon.

8. The waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system in a hazardous waste storage facility according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a desorption device, the components of which are connected in series on both sides of the adsorption device (53).

9. A waste gas collection, purification, utilization, and treatment system for a hazardous waste storage facility according to claim 8, characterized in that: The desorption device includes a nitrogen source (55), a nitrogen heater (56), a condenser (57), a gas-liquid separator (58), and a desorption waste liquid storage tank (59). The nitrogen source (55), nitrogen heater (56), adsorption device (53), and condenser (57) are connected in sequence. The gas outlet of the condenser (57) is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (58), and the liquid outlet is connected to the desorption waste liquid storage tank (59). The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator (58) is connected to the nitrogen heater (56), and the liquid outlet is connected to the desorption waste liquid storage tank (59).

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