Methane cracking device and hydrogen production system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen production devices, in particular to a methane cracking device and a hydrogen production system, which comprise a plasma generator, a gas inlet end of the plasma generator is communicated with a methane gas source; the spraying end of the plasma generator is arranged in the first cracking chamber; according to the utility model, the first cracking chamber and the second cracking chamber which are communicated with each other are arranged, so that the coverage area of a high-temperature environment is larger, the staying time of methane in the high-temperature environment is prolonged, and the cracking efficiency of the methane is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen production equipment technology, specifically to a methane cracking device and hydrogen production system. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen has a wide range of applications, primarily in the production of synthetic ammonia, methanol, and in the hydrogenation reactions of petroleum refining processes. It also finds numerous applications in the electronics, metallurgical, food processing, float glass, fine chemical synthesis, and aerospace industries. With increasing societal emphasis on environmental quality, the permissible levels of sulfides and aromatics in gasoline and diesel fuel are gradually decreasing, leading to a growing demand for hydrogen. As a clean fuel gas, hydrogen has a high calorific value, and its combustion product is water, meaning it does not emit greenhouse gases, making it an ideal secondary energy source. Furthermore, the use of hydrogen energy will further increase market demand for hydrogen, especially as an intermediate or feedstock gas in chemical synthesis. In recent years, an increasing number of research institutions have focused on the development and utilization of hydrogen-powered fuel cells.

[0003] There are four main methods for producing hydrogen from methane-rich gas: steam reforming of methane, partial oxidation of methane, carbon dioxide reforming of methane, and non-catalytic partial oxidation of methane. Steam reforming is the primary method for hydrogen production. Three of these methods require catalytic systems, and the catalysts are prone to carbon deposition, as well as poisoning by sulfur, halogens, and arsenic. Non-catalytic partial oxidation requires pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air and converts a significant portion of the hydrogen into water, reducing the hydrogen yield. Methane is one of the most stable organic molecules in nature. The carbon-hydrogen bonds in methane have high bond energies and a very strong structure. Therefore, breaking these bonds requires a large amount of energy during the methane-to-hydrogen conversion process. Traditional methane-to-hydrogen conversion generally requires catalysts and large reactors. The introduction of plasma rich in active particles solves this problem, but the effective utilization of high-grade plasma energy becomes an issue. Poor utilization will lead to further energy waste.

[0004] Arc thermal plasma, a type of thermal plasma, features jets with highly concentrated energy, ultra-high temperature, rich in excited-state atoms, molecules, electrons, and other active particles, as well as high velocity and pressure gradients. Plasma jets are very suitable as heat sources for ultra-high temperature and ultra-short contact reactions. The plasma hydrogen production process, which combines plasma technology with methane conversion, overcomes many of the shortcomings of traditional methane conversion processes and features a short process and no need for catalysts.

[0005] However, the plasma pyrolysis device used in the current process of producing hydrogen from methane using a plasma generator, such as the plasma reactor disclosed in the patent publication number CN101734620B entitled "A Method for Producing Hydrogen from Methane-Rich Plasma", involves methane gas being introduced into the plasma reactor for pyrolysis. Due to the increased speed of the methane gas after high-temperature heating, it is easier for the gas to flow and diffuse. As a result, the methane gas does not flow out of the plasma reactor after sufficient reaction, leading to a deficiency of low pyrolysis efficiency after the methane pyrolysis reaction. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a methane cracking device and a hydrogen production system in order to achieve the technical effect of improving the methane cracking efficiency.

[0007] The first aspect of this utility model discloses a methane cracking apparatus, comprising:

[0008] A plasma generator, wherein the gas inlet of the plasma generator is connected to a methane gas source;

[0009] The first pyrolysis chamber, wherein the injection end of the plasma generator is disposed inside the first pyrolysis chamber;

[0010] The second pyrolysis chamber is connected to the first pyrolysis chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the methane cracking device further includes a baffle screen, which is respectively disposed at the gas inlet end and the gas outlet end of the second cracking chamber, and the baffle screen is provided with ventilation holes.

[0012] Preferably, the methane cracking apparatus further includes a first insulation layer, which wraps around the outside of the first cracking chamber; and a second insulation layer, which wraps around the outside of the second cracking chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator is 800-2000℃, and the spray range of the electric arc covers the space inside the first pyrolysis chamber; the length of the first pyrolysis chamber is 25-45cm, and the diameter is 5-8cm; the length of the second pyrolysis chamber is greater than or equal to the length of the first pyrolysis chamber, and the diameter of the second pyrolysis chamber is 6-12cm, which is greater than the diameter of the first pyrolysis chamber; the diameter of the baffle is 3-8cm, and the baffle is provided with 18-36 ventilation holes, the diameter of which is 0.4-1mm.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator is 2000℃, and the spray range of the electric arc covers the space inside the first pyrolysis chamber; the length of the first pyrolysis chamber is 30cm and the diameter is 6cm; the length of the second pyrolysis chamber is 30cm and the diameter is 8cm; the diameter of the baffle is 6cm, and the baffle is provided with 24 ventilation holes, the diameter of which is 0.8mm.

[0015] This invention improves the cracking efficiency of methane by setting up interconnected first and second cracking chambers, thereby increasing the coverage area of ​​the high-temperature environment and thus increasing the residence time of methane in the high-temperature environment.

[0016] The second aspect of this utility model discloses a methane-to-hydrogen system, comprising:

[0017] Methane cracking unit;

[0018] A toner collection device is provided, which is connected to the methane cracking device. The toner collection device performs gas-solid separation on the products of the methane cracking device to obtain toner and hydrogen.

[0019] Preferably, the toner collection device includes: a collection chamber; a mounting frame disposed in the collection chamber, the mounting frame having a separation membrane on its surface; a transmission unit, the mounting frame being movably coupled to the collection chamber via the transmission unit; and a drive unit connected to the transmission unit.

[0020] Preferably, the transmission part includes a rotating shaft, both ends of which are movably connected to the collection chamber, and the mounting bracket is disposed on the rotating shaft; the drive part includes a first motor, the output end of which is connected to the end of the rotating shaft.

[0021] Preferably, the transmission unit includes a lead screw and a lead screw nut that are mutually driven and cooperate with each other. The two ends of the lead screw are respectively movably connected to the collection cavity, and the mounting bracket is disposed on the lead screw nut. The drive unit includes a second motor, and the output end of the second motor is connected to the end of the lead screw.

[0022] This invention, by setting up interconnected first and second pyrolysis chambers, expands the high-temperature environment coverage area, thereby increasing the residence time of methane in the high-temperature environment and improving the pyrolysis efficiency of methane. At the same time, by setting up a carbon powder collection device for gas-solid separation of the products, the amount of hydrogen produced after gas-solid separation is also increased due to the improved methane pyrolysis efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of a methane cracking device disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of a methane-to-hydrogen system disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the toner extraction device;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the toner extraction device;

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 11-Plasma generator, 12-First pyrolysis chamber, 13-Second pyrolysis chamber, 14-Baffle, 15-Ventilation hole, 16-First insulation layer, 17-Second insulation layer;

[0030] 3-Toner collection device, 31-Collection chamber, 32-Third outlet, 33-Rotating shaft, 331′-Lead screw, 332′-Lead screw slider, 34-First motor, 34′-Second motor, 35-Fourth outlet, 36-Metal ion membrane, 37-Mounting bracket, 38-Third inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] In this invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper," "lower," and "outer" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0033] Furthermore, in addition to indicating direction or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0036] The inventive concept of this application is as follows:

[0037] In existing plasma reactors, when methane gas is introduced into the reactor for cracking, the increased velocity of the heated methane gas makes it easier to flow and diffuse. As a result, the methane gas does not fully react in the plasma reactor before flowing out, leading to a low cracking efficiency. Based on the shortcomings of the prior art, the main technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to improve the cracking efficiency of methane.

[0038] Specifically:

[0039] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the first embodiment of this utility model proposes a methane cracking device, including: a plasma generator 11, the inlet end of which is connected to a methane gas source; a first cracking chamber 12, the injection end of which is disposed in the first cracking chamber 12; and a second cracking chamber 13, which is connected to the first cracking chamber 12.

[0040] In this embodiment, a plasma generator 11 is first set up. Specifically, the plasma generator 11 can be a high-current plasma generator as disclosed in the prior art CN216057599U, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1The specific structure includes an electric arc main electrode, an electric arc body with a cathode connection end, and an anode installed in a mounting hole. First, by energizing both the electric arc main electrode and the anode, an electric field is generated between them. This electric field ionizes methane into carbon ions and hydrogen ions. High-energy electrons collide with methane molecules through inelastic collisions, further ionizing methane into active ions such as carbon and hydrogen ions. The electric field then causes these carbon and hydrogen ions to collide, generating a high-temperature electric arc. This high-temperature arc causes the methane gas to undergo a cracking reaction under high-temperature conditions. Simultaneously, the fluidity of natural gas under high temperature and pressure is affected by temperature and pressure. Studies have shown that the fluidity of natural gas increases with increasing temperature. This is because under high temperature conditions, the movement speed of natural gas molecules increases, making them easier to flow and diffuse. In order to effectively ensure the residence time of natural gas in the high temperature environment, a first cracking chamber 12 and a second cracking chamber 13 that are interconnected are set up. During the first cracking of methane in natural gas in the first cracking chamber 12, the plasma generator 11 will generate products (hydrogen and nano-sized carbon powder) with a very high temperature. After the high temperature gas continues to flow to the second cracking chamber 13, it will make the second cracking chamber 13 have a certain temperature (the temperature at which methane in natural gas that has not been cracked in the first cracking chamber 12 continues to undergo a second cracking). Therefore, by designing two cracking chambers, the high temperature environment coverage area is larger, thereby increasing the residence time of natural gas in the high temperature environment and improving the cracking efficiency of methane.

[0041] To further improve the efficiency of methane cracking, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second embodiment of this utility model proposes a methane cracking device, and based on the first embodiment, the methane cracking device further includes: a baffle 14, the baffle 14 is respectively disposed at the gas inlet end of the second cracking chamber 13 and the gas outlet end of the second cracking chamber 13, and the baffle 14 is provided with a vent hole 15.

[0042] In this embodiment, since hydrogen has a lower density than natural gas, the same volume of hydrogen is lighter than that of natural gas. Therefore, at the same temperature, hydrogen flows faster than natural gas. Based on this principle, baffles 14 with vents 15 are provided at the inlet and outlet of the second cracking chamber 13. Because the hydrogen in the first cracking chamber 12 flows faster, it can carry some of the natural gas to the vents 15 on the baffles 14 at the inlet of the second cracking chamber 13, thus forming a gas wall at the vents 15, preventing unreacted natural gas from entering the first cracking chamber 12. Natural gas, driven by hydrogen, impacts the gas wall and then flows back to the first cracking chamber 12 for cracking. Similarly, the hydrogen in the second cracking chamber 13, due to its faster flow velocity, can carry some natural gas to the vent holes 15 on the baffle 14 at the outlet of the second cracking chamber 13. This forms a gas wall at the vent holes 15, causing unreacted natural gas in the second cracking chamber 13 to impact the gas wall and then flow back to the second cracking chamber 13 for cracking. Therefore, by installing baffles 14 at both the inlet and outlet of the second cracking chamber 13, the residence time of natural gas in the high-temperature environment is further increased. In summary, the structure consisting of the first cracking chamber 12, the second cracking chamber 13, and the baffle 14 with vent holes 15 effectively increases the residence time of natural gas in the high-temperature environment, thereby further increasing the efficiency of methane cracking.

[0043] To maintain the high-temperature environment for methane cracking, such as Figure 1 As shown, the third embodiment of this utility model proposes a method, and based on the first embodiment, the natural gas cracking device 1 further includes: a first insulation layer 16, which wraps around the outside of the first cracking chamber 12; specifically, when the shape of the first cracking chamber 12 is cylindrical, the shape of the first insulation layer 16 is also cylindrical, and the first insulation layer 16 is wrapped around the outer surface of the first cracking chamber 12 by a fitting; and a second insulation layer 17, which wraps around the outside of the second cracking chamber 13; specifically, when the shape of the second cracking chamber 13 is cylindrical, the shape of the second insulation layer 17 is also cylindrical, and the second insulation layer 17 is wrapped around the outer surface of the second cracking chamber 13 by a fitting.

[0044] In this embodiment, by wrapping the surface of the first pyrolysis chamber 12 with a first insulation layer 16 that matches its shape and the surface of the second pyrolysis chamber 13 with a second insulation layer 17 that matches its shape, the heat inside the first pyrolysis chamber 12 and the second pyrolysis chamber 13 is less likely to diffuse to the outside through the respective effects of the first insulation layer 16 and the second insulation layer 17, thereby effectively maintaining the high temperature environment for methane cracking in natural gas.

[0045] To further improve the cracking efficiency of methane in natural gas, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fourth embodiment of this utility model proposes a methane cracking device. Based on the second embodiment, the temperature of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator 11 is 800-2000℃, and the arc's spray range covers the space inside the first cracking chamber 12; the length of the first cracking chamber 12 is 25-45cm, and its diameter is 5-8cm; the length of the second cracking chamber 13 is greater than or equal to the length of the first cracking chamber 12, and the diameter of the second cracking chamber 13 is 6-12cm, which is greater than the diameter of the first cracking chamber 12; the diameter of the baffle 14 is 3- The first pyrolysis chamber 12 has a length of 30cm and a diameter of 6cm. The second pyrolysis chamber 13 has a length of 30cm and a diameter of 8cm. The baffle 14 has a diameter of 6cm and 24 ventilation holes 15 with a diameter of 0.8mm.

[0046] Specifically, when the first pyrolysis chamber 12 is cylindrical in shape, and its length is 30cm and its diameter is 6cm, the shape of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator 11 can also be cylindrical by controlling parameters such as the power of the plasma generator 11. Simultaneously, the length of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator 11 can be 30cm, and the diameter of its cross-section (i.e., circular) can be 6cm, thereby allowing the arc's spray range to cover the interior space of the first pyrolysis chamber 12.

[0047] In this embodiment, by setting the above parameters, the cracking efficiency of methane in natural gas is further improved, i.e., the production of higher hydrogen and nano-sized carbon powder, as shown in Table 1 (in Table 3, S1-9 correspond to Examples 1-9, and D1-6 correspond to Comparative Examples 1-6. To show the differences, the similarities between Examples 2-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6 and Example 1 are not filled in):

[0048] Table 1

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the fifth embodiment of this utility model proposes a methane-to-hydrogen system, which includes the methane cracking device described in embodiments 1-4;

[0052] Carbon powder taking device 3 is connected to the methane cracking device. Carbon powder taking device 3 performs gas-solid separation on the products of the methane cracking device to obtain carbon powder and hydrogen.

[0053] In this embodiment, by setting up a first pyrolysis chamber and a second pyrolysis chamber that are interconnected, the high-temperature environment coverage area is increased, thereby increasing the residence time of methane in the high-temperature environment and improving the pyrolysis efficiency of methane. At the same time, by setting up a carbon powder collection device for gas-solid separation of the product, the amount of hydrogen produced after gas-solid separation is also increased due to the improved methane pyrolysis efficiency.

[0054] To further improve the efficiency of methane cracking, such as Figure 3 As shown in Figure 4, the sixth embodiment of this utility model proposes a methane-to-hydrogen system. Based on the fifth embodiment, the carbon powder collection device 3 includes a collection chamber 31. Specifically, to facilitate the collection of nano-carbon powder, the collection chamber 31 has a third outlet 32, a third inlet 38, and a fourth outlet 35. The third inlet 38 of the collection chamber 31 is connected to a methane cracking device via a pipeline, and the fourth outlet 35 of the collection chamber 31 is connected to a hydrogen collection device. The outer wall of the lower half of the collection chamber 31 is inclined towards the third outlet 32, meaning the diameter of the upper part of the lower half of the collection chamber 31 is larger than the diameter of the third outlet 32 ​​located below the lower half of the collection chamber. The device has a diameter of 2. Firstly, a fourth outlet 35 is provided to facilitate the separation of hydrogen gas into the hydrogen collection device. Secondly, an inclined outer wall and a third outlet 32 ​​are provided; the inclined outer wall facilitates the guidance of the split nano-sized carbon powder to the third outlet 32. A mounting frame 37 is disposed within the collection chamber 31. The surface of the mounting frame 37 has a separation membrane. Specifically, to facilitate the adsorption of nano-sized carbon powder, since the carbon powder carries ions in a high-temperature environment, a metal ion membrane 36 can be selected as the separation membrane. A transmission unit is provided, and the mounting frame 37 is movably connected to the collection chamber 31 via the transmission unit. A drive unit is connected to the transmission unit.

[0055] In this example, a metal ion membrane is first used as the separation membrane. Since the pore size of the metal ion membrane is larger than the particle size of the toner, and the toner carries charged ions in a high-temperature environment, the charged toner can be adsorbed onto the metal ion membrane made of metal material through electrostatic interaction. That is, when a charged object approaches a metal object, electrostatic induction will occur inside the metal object, causing free electrons in the object to move to the surface, making the surface charged. Therefore, the electrostatic potential generated by electrostatic induction and the static electricity of the charged object attract each other under the action of Coulomb force, thus causing adsorption. The charged carbon powder can be adsorbed first through the metal ion membrane. When the charged carbon powder completely blocks the pores of the metal ion membrane, the nano-sized carbon powder will fall into the collection chamber 31 due to the obstruction of the metal ion membrane, thereby completing the gas-solid separation of hydrogen and nano-sized carbon powder. Next, by installing the metal ion membrane on the mounting frame 37, which is movably connected to the collection chamber 31 via a transmission part and a drive part, the drive part can drive the transmission part to move the mounting frame 37, for example, by rotating or reciprocating. This movement of the mounting frame 37 shakes off the nano-sized carbon powder initially adsorbed on the metal ion membrane, thus completing the collection of nano-sized carbon powder.

[0056] To achieve regular rotation of the separation membrane, such as Figure 3 As shown, the seventh embodiment of this utility model proposes a methane-to-hydrogen system, and based on the sixth embodiment, the transmission part includes a rotating shaft 33, the two ends of which are movably connected to the collection chamber 31, and the mounting bracket 37 is disposed on the rotating shaft 33; the drive part includes a first motor 34, the output end of the first motor 34 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 33.

[0057] In this example, the mounting bracket 37 is placed on the rotating shaft 33, and the output end of the first motor 34 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 33. Specifically, the first motor 34 can be a servo motor. Since the speed and position accuracy of the servo motor are very accurate, the driving force can be transmitted to the rotating shaft 33 by controlling the forward or reverse rotation of the servo motor, thereby driving the rotating shaft 33 to rotate forward or reverse in a regular manner. Since the mounting bracket 37 is placed on the rotating shaft 33, the rotating shaft 33 can drive the mounting bracket 37 to move in a regular manner (i.e., forward or reverse rotation), thereby making it easier to shake off the nano-sized carbon powder adsorbed on the metal ion membrane.

[0058] To further improve the efficiency of methane cracking, such as Figure 4As shown, the eighth embodiment of this utility model proposes a methane-to-hydrogen system. Based on the sixth embodiment, the transmission part includes a lead screw 331' and a lead screw nut 332' that are mutually driven and cooperate with each other. The two ends of the lead screw 331' are respectively movably connected to the collection chamber 31, and the mounting bracket 37 is disposed on the lead screw nut 332'. The drive part includes a second motor 34', and the output end of the second motor 34' is connected to the end of the lead screw 331'.

[0059] In this example, the mounting bracket 37 is placed on the lead screw nut 332', and the output end of the second motor 34' is connected to the end of the lead screw 331'. Specifically, the second motor 34' can be a servo motor. Since the speed and position accuracy of the servo motor are very accurate, the driving force can be transmitted to the lead screw 331' by controlling the forward or reverse rotation of the servo motor, thereby driving the lead screw 331' to rotate forward or reverse in a regular manner. Since the lead screw nut 332' and the lead screw 331' are connected by a threaded engagement, the lead screw nut 332' can be driven to reciprocate along the direction of the lead screw 331' on the lead screw 331'. Since the mounting bracket 37 is placed on the lead screw nut 332', it can be driven to move regularly (i.e., reciprocate), thereby making it easier to shake off the nano-sized carbon powder adsorbed on the metal ion membrane.

[0060] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. The above are merely embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of this utility model should be included in the rights of this utility model.

Claims

1. A methane cracking apparatus, characterized in that, include: Plasma generator (11), the inlet of which is connected to a methane gas source; The first pyrolysis chamber (12) is provided with the injection end of the plasma generator (11) located inside the first pyrolysis chamber (12); The second pyrolysis chamber (13) is connected to the first pyrolysis chamber (12).

2. The methane cracking apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A baffle (14) is provided at the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the second pyrolysis chamber (13), respectively, and a vent hole (15) is provided on the baffle (14).

3. The methane cracking apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The first insulation layer (16) is wrapped around the outside of the first pyrolysis chamber (12); The second insulation layer (17) is wrapped around the outside of the second pyrolysis chamber (13).

4. The methane cracking apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator (11) is 800-2000℃, and the spray range of the electric arc covers the space inside the first pyrolysis chamber (12); The first pyrolysis chamber (12) has a length of 25-45cm and a diameter of 5-8cm; The length of the second pyrolysis chamber (13) is greater than or equal to the length of the first pyrolysis chamber (12), and the diameter of the second pyrolysis chamber (13) is 6-12 cm and greater than the diameter of the first pyrolysis chamber (12); The diameter of the baffle (14) is 3-8cm, and the baffle (14) is provided with 18-36 ventilation holes (15), the diameter of the ventilation holes (15) is 0.4-1mm.

5. The methane cracking apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator (11) is 2000°C, and the spray range of the electric arc covers the space inside the first pyrolysis chamber (12); The first pyrolysis chamber (12) has a length of 30cm and a diameter of 6cm; The second pyrolysis chamber (13) is 30cm long and 8cm in diameter; The diameter of the baffle (14) is 6cm, and the baffle (14) is provided with 24 ventilation holes (15), the diameter of the ventilation holes (15) is 0.8mm.

6. A methane-to-hydrogen system, characterized in that, include: The methane cracking apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-5; A carbon powder taking device (3) is connected to the methane cracking device. The carbon powder taking device (3) performs gas-solid separation on the products of the methane cracking device to obtain carbon powder and hydrogen.

7. The methane-to-hydrogen system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The carbon powder taking device (3) includes: Collection chamber (31); Mounting bracket (37) is disposed in the collection chamber (31), and the surface of the mounting bracket (37) has a separation membrane; The transmission part, the mounting bracket (37) is movably engaged with the collection cavity (31) through the transmission part; A drive unit, which is connected to the transmission unit.

8. The methane-to-hydrogen system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission unit includes a rotating shaft (33), the two ends of which are movably connected to the collection chamber (31), and the mounting bracket (37) is disposed on the rotating shaft (33); The drive unit includes a first motor (34), the output end of which is connected to the end of the rotating shaft (33).

9. The methane-to-hydrogen system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission unit includes a lead screw (331') and a lead screw nut (332') that are mutually driven and cooperate with each other. The two ends of the lead screw (331') are respectively movably connected to the collection chamber (31), and the mounting bracket (37) is disposed on the lead screw nut (332'). The drive unit includes a second motor (34'), the output end of which is connected to the end of the lead screw (331').

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