Laser printing annular light spot system and laser 3D printing equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser optics, and particularly relates to a laser printing annular light spot system and laser 3D printing equipment, which comprise a laser, a collimator, a cone lens, a galvanometer system and a field lens, laser beams emitted by the laser device form parallel light beams through the collimator, the formed parallel light beams are refracted by the cone mirror to form annular laser beams which are diffused towards the outer side of the cone or gathered in a cone shape, the laser beams are reflected by the galvanometer system and then penetrate through the field lens, the field lens gathers light and is diffused, and the laser beams are reflected by the galvanometer system. Or the gathered laser beams are refracted, and annular light spots are formed on the same plane, so that the actual laser 3D printing effect is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of laser optics technology, and in particular relates to a laser printing ring spot system and a laser 3D printing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Selective laser melting (SLM), a type of additive manufacturing (AM), can process parts with complex structures, producing high-precision finished products and is widely used in fields such as medicine and aerospace. Currently, most SLM processing equipment uses traditional Gaussian density distributed laser beams (single-mode TEM00 mode). Because the energy is higher at the center of the Gaussian beam and lower at the edges, uneven energy distribution often causes defects such as metal spatter and porosity during processing.

[0003] To overcome the aforementioned technical deficiencies, Chinese patent document CN113649595A discloses an annular spot optical system and printing method for metal SLM printing. The system includes a laser, a collimator, a variable magnification beam expander, a beam shaping unit, a total reflection mirror, a galvanometer system, a field lens, and a working platform, arranged sequentially along the propagation path of the Gaussian beam emitted from the laser. The laser is connected to the collimator via an optical fiber. The Gaussian beam emitted from the laser is collimated by the collimator. The collimated Gaussian beam has its spot size adjusted by the variable magnification beam expander. The beam shaping unit includes a first conical lens and a second conical lens. The Gaussian beam with adjusted spot size is shaped sequentially by the first and second conical lenses. The shaped beam then passes sequentially through the total reflection mirror, the galvanometer system, and the field lens to form a focused spot before reaching the working platform. The beam shaping unit enables automatic switching between various beam shapes, such as circular Gaussian spots, annular spots, and elliptical spots. It can print using Gaussian optical paths, shaped annular spots, or elliptical spots independently, or use different optical paths at different stages of the printing process. This meets the research and application needs under various working conditions. It not only has a certain degree of integration, but also enables printing using different optical paths at different positions and stages, improving efficiency and minimizing the generation of defects during the printing process.

[0004] However, the technical solution disclosed in the patent document is actually unable to effectively form a ring-shaped light spot. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser printing ring spot system and laser 3D printing equipment to solve the problem that existing laser printing technologies cannot effectively form ring spots.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a laser printing ring spot system, including a laser, a collimator, a conical mirror, a galvanometer system, and a field mirror. The laser beam emitted by the laser is collimated by the collimator to form a parallel beam, and then refracted by the conical mirror to form a ring-shaped laser beam that diffuses outward or converges in a conical shape. After being reflected by the galvanometer system, the laser beam penetrates the field mirror and forms a ring spot on a plane.

[0007] Furthermore, the laser printing annular spot system also includes a beam expander disposed between the laser and the conical mirror.

[0008] Furthermore, the conical mirror is a circular convex conical mirror.

[0009] Furthermore, the conical mirror is a circular concave conical mirror.

[0010] Furthermore, the laser printing annular spot system also includes a switching device, which is provided with at least two of the aforementioned conical mirrors, each with a different refractive angle. The switching device is used to switch the location of different conical mirrors on the path of the laser.

[0011] Furthermore, the switching device is used to drive the conical mirror to translate or rotate and switch to the path of the laser.

[0012] Furthermore, the field lens is an F-Theta field lens.

[0013] The above-mentioned one or more technical solutions in the laser printing annular spot system provided by this utility model embodiment have at least the following technical effects:

[0014] The laser beam emitted by the laser is collimated into a parallel beam, and then refracted by a conical mirror to diffuse outward in a ring-shaped cone or converge in a cone shape. After being reflected by the galvanometer system, it passes through the field mirror and forms a ring-shaped spot on a working plane, thus meeting the needs of actual production. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the laser printing annular spot system provided by this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2The diagram shows a concave mirror as the conical lens of the laser printing annular spot system provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a laser printing annular spot system with a switching device provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the annular spot formed by the laser printing annular spot system provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of the laser printing annular spot system provided in this embodiment of the present invention, showing that the conical lens is a convex mirror.

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional optical path of the conical mirror formed by the laser printing annular spot system provided in this embodiment of the utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the embodiments of this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment of the invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] In one embodiment of the laser 3D printing equipment of this utility model, please refer to... Figures 1 to 4 The laser 3D printing equipment includes a laser printing ring spot system. This system comprises a laser 100, a collimator, a conical lens 200, a galvanometer system 300, and a field lens 400. The laser beam emitted by the laser 100 is collimated by the collimator to form a parallel beam. This parallel beam is then refracted by the conical lens 200 to form a ring-shaped, outwardly spreading or conically converging laser beam. The refracted laser beam forms a ring-shaped or converged spot on the galvanometer system 300. Specifically, the laser beam emitted by the laser 100, after passing through the collimator to form a parallel beam, and after refraction by the conical lens 200, can be understood as several sets of parallel beams, or as two sets of parallel beams formed on the cross-section of the conical lens 200. Therefore, the parallel beams formed by all cross-sections around the central axis form a cone-shaped outer contour around the axial axis of the conical lens 200. (See details...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 After being reflected by the galvanometer system 300, the light beam still has a cone-shaped outer contour. Therefore, after being refracted by the cone mirror 200, the light beam is reflected by the galvanometer system 300 and passes through the field mirror 400, causing the field mirror 400 to refract the cone-shaped light beam, thereby forming an annular focusing spot 10 on a working plane 1, which meets the needs of actual production.

[0027] Furthermore, refer to Figures 1 to 3 The laser printing ring spot system also includes a beam expander 500, which is positioned between the laser 100 and the conical lens 200. The laser beam emitted by the laser 100 is expanded into a beam by the beam expander 500.

[0028] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 The conical mirror 200 is a circular convex conical mirror. The conical mirror 200 refracts the laser beam from the laser 100 into a focused cone-shaped beam. After being refracted by the field mirror, the focused cone-shaped beam forms a ring-shaped spot on the working plane 1.

[0029] Furthermore, in another embodiment of the cone lens 200, specifically, refer to... Figure 2The conical lens 200 can be a circular concave conical lens. In this embodiment, the beam emitted by the laser 100 diffuses outward in a ring shape after passing through the concave lens, thereby forming an outwardly diffused conical beam. The ring-diffuse beam is reflected by the galvanometer system 300 and then passes through the field lens 400, which focuses the diffused beam into a ring-shaped spot on the plane.

[0030] Furthermore, field lens 400 is an F-Theta field lens. Specifically, under the conditions determined by the F-Theta field lens, the size of the light spot depends on the refractive angle of the cone lens 200; the larger the refractive angle, the larger the annular light spot formed.

[0031] Furthermore, the laser printing ring spot system also includes a switching device 600, as detailed in [reference needed]. Figure 3 The switching device 600 is provided with at least two of the aforementioned conical mirrors 200, each with a different refractive angle. The switching device 600 is used to switch the location of different conical mirrors 200 on the path of the laser 100. By switching conical mirrors 200 with different refractive indices, the size of the annular light spot formed is switched. For example, a larger annular light spot is used for coarse printing, while a smaller annular light spot is used for precision printing.

[0032] Furthermore, the switching device 500 is used to drive the conical mirror 200 to translate or rotate and switch to the path of the laser 100.

[0033] Furthermore, the beam emitted by the laser 100 can also be converted into a ring-shaped parallel beam by a beam shaping system.

[0034] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A laser printing ring-shaped spot system, characterized in that, It includes a laser, a collimator, a conical mirror, a galvanometer system, and a field mirror; the laser beam emitted by the laser is collimated by the collimator to form a parallel beam, and then refracted by the conical mirror to form a ring-shaped laser beam that diffuses outward or converges in a cone shape. After being reflected by the galvanometer system, the laser beam penetrates the field mirror and forms a ring-shaped spot on a plane.

2. The laser printing annular spot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a beam expander disposed between the laser and the conical mirror.

3. The laser printing annular spot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical mirror is a circular convex conical mirror.

4. The laser printing annular spot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical mirror is a circular concave conical mirror.

5. The laser printing annular spot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a switching device, which is provided with at least two of the aforementioned conical mirrors, each of which has a different refractive angle. The switching device is used to switch the location of different conical mirrors on the path of the laser.

6. The laser printing annular spot system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switching device is used to drive the conical mirror to translate or rotate and switch to the path of the laser.

7. The laser printing annular spot system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The field lens is an F-Theta field lens.

8. A laser 3D printing device, characterized in that, Includes the laser printing annular spot system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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