Secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of industrial and solid waste pyrolysis treatment, and discloses a secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment, which comprises a shell suitable for solid waste treatment, one end of the shell is communicated with a gas outlet pipe, the other end of the shell is respectively communicated with a first brown gas inlet pipe and a pyrolysis gas inlet pipe, and a partition plate is fixed on the inner wall of the shell. A second spiral plate is fixed to the inner wall of the partition plate. A first spiral plate is fixed to the outer side of the partition plate. A pyrolysis gas outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the first spiral plate, Brown gas is applied to pyrolysis treatment of tar in pyrolysis gas by means of the excellent oxygen-carrying combustion characteristic and catalytic characteristic of the Brown gas, the Brown gas is directly introduced into a shell of the pyrolysis gas, the pyrolysis gas is directly heated by means of energy of high-temperature water vapor generated by combustion of the Brown gas, and the pyrolysis gas is directly heated by means of the energy of the high-temperature water vapor generated by combustion of the Brown gas. The device provides tar cracking energy, internally heats combustible gas for secondary pyrolysis, is simple in structure and high in heating efficiency, and can greatly reduce the temperature resistance requirement of a secondary pyrolysis chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of industrial and solid waste pyrolysis treatment technology, specifically a secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment. Background Technology

[0002] Pyrolysis is a highly environmentally friendly and efficient technology for treating organic solid waste, applicable to various agricultural and forestry wastes, industrial solid wastes, hazardous wastes, and municipal solid waste. The pyrolysis products of organic solid waste mainly consist of three phases: pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis liquid, and pyrolysis char. Pyrolysis gas is suitable for use as combustible gas for energy generation, while pyrolysis char can be used as a raw material for producing barbecue charcoal, activated carbon, and organic fertilizer. However, the application of pyrolysis liquid is more challenging. A major component of pyrolysis liquid is pyrolysis tar, whose main chemical components include alkenes, alkanes, alcohols, acids, aldehydes, esters, ketones, phenols, nitriles, amines, monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and other heterocyclic compounds. These components exist in different proportions within the pyrolysis tar, collectively forming its complex chemical composition. Tar is a harmful substance to the human body. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in it have strong carcinogenic effects. Furthermore, the presence of tar negatively impacts the application of pyrolysis gas, causing equipment corrosion, pipeline blockage, and environmental pollution in the pyrolysis system. In severe cases, it can even lead to the shutdown of the pyrolysis system. Therefore, properly handling tar from the pyrolysis system is a crucial technology in pyrolysis.

[0003] Brown's gas (HHO) is produced through the electrolysis of water, in which hydrogen and oxygen atoms are mixed in a precise 2:1 ratio to form a reactive hydrogen-oxygen mixture. Brown's gas is clean, environmentally friendly, safe, and reliable, and exhibits variable temperature characteristics, with a flame temperature range from 125°C to 6000°C. Its excellent properties have led to its widespread application in high-temperature cutting, welding, and sealing of medical and pharmaceutical bottles. Furthermore, its excellent catalytic combustion properties have enabled its application in hazardous waste incineration.

[0004] Currently, tar treatment technologies mainly include two methods: physical treatment and chemical treatment. Physical treatment primarily involves filtering, condensing, and purifying the tar. These methods are simple and easy to operate, but they suffer from high energy consumption, low processing efficiency, and difficulty in completely removing tar. In particular, incomplete removal of tar mixed in pyrolysis gas significantly impacts pyrolysis gas application equipment. Therefore, exploring technologies that can more completely treat tar in pyrolysis gas is of great significance. Secondary pyrolysis of pyrolysis tar produced from primary low-temperature pyrolysis is one method for treating tar in pyrolysis gas. This treatment technology can not only effectively remove tar but also convert it into non-condensable combustible gases, mainly composed of short-chain, small-carbon molecules such as alkanes and alkenes. This significantly increases the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas, allowing it to be better utilized as a combustible gas for energy purposes. Currently, secondary pyrolysis of tar is mainly carried out in a secondary pyrolysis chamber. The secondary pyrolysis temperature generally needs to exceed 900℃ to achieve relatively thorough decomposition of tar. Traditional pyrolysis chambers often have problems such as incomplete tar cracking, low heating efficiency, and high temperature resistance requirements during the pyrolysis process. Therefore, a secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment, comprising a shell suitable for solid waste treatment, one end of the shell being connected to an outlet pipe, the other end of the shell being connected to a first Brown gas inlet pipe and a pyrolysis gas inlet pipe respectively, a partition being fixed to the inner wall of the shell, a second spiral plate being fixed to the inner wall of the partition, and a first spiral plate being fixed to the outer side of the partition;

[0007] A pyrolysis gas outlet pipe is provided on one side of the first spiral plate, a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe is provided on one side of the second spiral plate, and an igniter is installed on one side of the second spiral plate.

[0008] The shell is provided with a first pyrolysis chamber, a second pyrolysis chamber and a mixing chamber. The inner wall of the first pyrolysis chamber is equipped with a filter layer and the inner wall of the second pyrolysis chamber is equipped with a catalyst layer.

[0009] The outer side of the housing is equipped with a heat insulation component.

[0010] Preferably, the above-mentioned insulation component includes insulation cotton, with a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate respectively connected to both ends of the insulation cotton, and the inner side of the insulation cotton wrapping around the outer side of the shell.

[0011] Preferably, the first connecting plate has a second magnet installed on one side, and the second connecting plate has a first magnet installed on one side.

[0012] Preferably, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are rectangular parallelepipeds.

[0013] Preferably, the pyrolysis gas inlet pipe is located on one side of the inlet end of the first spiral plate, and the first Brown gas inlet pipe is located on one side of the second spiral plate.

[0014] Preferably, as described above, an annular combustion chamber is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the housing, and a second Brown gas intake pipe is connected to one side of the annular combustion chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the igniter, pyrolysis gas outlet pipe, and Brown gas outlet pipe are all located inside the mixing chamber.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, has the following technical effects:

[0017] By utilizing the excellent oxygen-carrying combustion characteristics and catalytic properties of Brown gas, it is applied to the cracking treatment of tar in pyrolysis gas. Brown gas is directly introduced into the shell of the pyrolysis gas, and the energy of the high-temperature water vapor generated by the combustion of Brown gas is used to directly heat the pyrolysis gas, providing energy for tar cracking. The method of internally heating combustible gas for secondary pyrolysis is simple in structure and has high heating efficiency, which can greatly reduce the temperature resistance requirements of the secondary pyrolysis chamber and improve its service life.

[0018] Through the mutual magnetic attraction of the magnets, the insulation cotton can be quickly and firmly installed on the shell. When the insulation cotton needs to be cleaned, replaced or repaired, it can be easily removed due to the magnetic connection method, without the need for additional tools or damage to the original fixing structure. This greatly simplifies the installation and disassembly process and improves work efficiency. The insulation cotton is tightly attached to the shell, reducing the possibility of heat loss through the shell, thereby improving the insulation effect of the pyrolysis chamber.

[0019] Under the influence of the catalyst and functional groups in the Brownian gas within the catalyst layer, the high-temperature pyrolysis gas can completely decompose tar into short-chain, non-condensable gases of alkanes and alkenes with small carbon atoms. This eliminates the harm caused by tar generated during the primary pyrolysis process to the equipment and the energy utilization of the pyrolysis gas. At temperatures above 900℃, the combustible gas passing through the secondary pyrolysis chamber passes through a filter layer. The activated carbon in the filter layer, under the action of the catalyst, catalytically reduces the CO2 contained in the pyrolysis gas to CO, thereby significantly increasing the content of combustible CO and significantly reducing the content of non-combustible CO2 in the pyrolysis gas. Simultaneously, under the action of the catalyst and at this temperature, the water vapor in the pyrolysis gas reacts with carbon to produce water gas (H2) and CO, which can significantly increase the calorific value of the combustible gas and provide excellent conditions for the energy utilization of the pyrolysis gas.

[0020] By employing an internal heating method that uses a first Brown gas inlet pipe to transport Brown gas for combustion, the thermal energy required to rapidly raise the temperature of the pyrolysis gas to above 900°C can be efficiently provided. After the Brown gas and pyrolysis gas are pre-spun by the first and second spiral plates, they are fully mixed in the mixing chamber. After being ignited by an igniter, the temperature of the pyrolysis gas can be rapidly raised to above 900°C. At the same time, the presence of hydrogen in the Brown gas, due to its good reducing properties and high-temperature reactivity, causes water vapor to be generated simultaneously after the Brown gas is burned, providing raw materials for the generation of water gas.

[0021] The annular combustion chamber allows for more uniform heating of the shell, resulting in a more even temperature distribution within the secondary pyrolysis chamber. Brown gas burns within the annular combustion chamber without directly mixing with the pyrolysis gas, thus avoiding chemical reactions between different gases and reducing potential safety hazards and unnecessary energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second-view structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal insulation cotton structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air outlet pipe of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the magnet structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the annular combustion chamber of this utility model.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Shell; 2. Insulation component; 21. Insulation cotton; 22. First connecting plate; 23. Second connecting plate; 24. First magnet; 25. Second magnet; 3. Gas outlet pipe; 4. First Brown gas inlet pipe; 5. Pyrolysis gas inlet pipe; 6. Catalyst layer; 7. First pyrolysis chamber; 8. Filter layer; 9. Second pyrolysis chamber; 10. Mixing chamber; 11. Pyrolysis gas outlet pipe; 12. Igniter; 13. Brown gas outlet pipe; 14. First spiral plate; 15. Second spiral plate; 16. Annular combustion chamber; 17. Second Brown gas inlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that they do not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce. Example 1

[0033] Please see Figure 1-6 This utility model provides a technical solution: a secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment, including a shell 1 suitable for solid waste treatment, one end of the shell 1 is connected to an air outlet pipe 3, the other end of the shell 1 is connected to a first Brown gas inlet pipe 4 and a pyrolysis gas inlet pipe 5 respectively, a partition is fixed on the inner wall of the shell 1, a second spiral plate 15 is fixed on the inner wall of the partition, and a first spiral plate 14 is fixed on the outer side of the partition.

[0034] A pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 11 is provided on one side of the first spiral plate 14, and a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 11 is provided on one side of the second spiral plate 15. An igniter 12 is installed on one side of the second spiral plate 15. The pyrolysis gas inlet pipe 5 is located on one side of the inlet end of the first spiral plate 14, and the first Brown gas inlet pipe 4 is located on one side of the second spiral plate 15. The igniter 12, the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 11, and the Brown gas outlet pipe 13 are all located inside the mixing chamber 10.

[0035] The shell 1 is provided with a first pyrolysis chamber 7, a second pyrolysis chamber 9 and a mixing chamber 10. The inner wall of the first pyrolysis chamber 7 is equipped with a filter layer 8, which is filled with activated carbon particles with a diameter between 0.5 mm and 20 mm. The inner wall of the second pyrolysis chamber 9 is equipped with a catalyst layer 6, which is made of a porous medium material or foam material mixed with tar cracking catalyst components.

[0036] To facilitate heat preservation of the shell 1, a heat preservation component 2 is provided, and the heat preservation component 2 is provided on the outside of the shell 1.

[0037] The insulation component 2 includes insulation cotton 21, which can be made of foamed ceramic insulation board or ceramic fiber folded block. The insulation cotton 21 is connected to a first connecting plate 22 and a second connecting plate 23 at both ends. The inner side of the insulation cotton 21 is wrapped around the outer side of the shell 1. A second magnet 25 is installed on one side of the first connecting plate 22, and a first magnet 24 is installed on one side of the second connecting plate 23. The first connecting plate 22 and the second connecting plate 23 are cuboid in shape. The first magnet 24 and the second magnet 25 are strong magnets.

[0038] Working principle: The pyrolysis gas in solid waste treatment is transported to the inlet end of the first spiral plate 14 through the pyrolysis gas inlet pipe 5. At the same time, Brown gas is introduced into the inlet end of the first Brown gas inlet pipe 4, so that the Brown gas enters the inner side of the second spiral plate 15. At this time, the pyrolysis gas and Brown gas can be mixed together very evenly under the pre-swirl of the first spiral plate 14 and the second spiral plate 15.

[0039] The igniter 12 is activated to ignite the pyrolysis gas and Brown gas inside the mixing chamber 10. The heat generated by the combustion of the Brown gas after ignition can quickly and efficiently heat the pyrolysis gas evenly to above 900°C. The heated pyrolysis gas passes through the catalyst layer 6, where the tar in the pyrolysis gas is decomposed into small molecule alkanes and alkenes. In the filter layer 8, CO2 and water vapor in the pyrolysis gas are catalytically reduced to produce CO and hydrogen, thus completing the function of the secondary pyrolysis chamber. The pyrolysis gas mixture is discharged through the outlet pipe 3.

[0040] The pyrolysis gas, heated to a high temperature, passes through catalyst layer 6, where the tar in the pyrolysis gas is decomposed into non-condensable small carbon molecules of organic gas. While eliminating tar, the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas is greatly increased. At this time, the pyrolysis gas, composed of high-temperature water vapor and various combustible gases, flows into filter layer 8 downstream of shell 1. This allows CO2 in the pyrolysis gas and high-temperature water vapor to react with the carbon reduction layer. The former generates CO, and the latter generates CO and hydrogen, which are called water gas. With the significantly increased CO and hydrogen, as well as the combustible gas components of small molecule alkanes and alkenes produced by tar cracking, and the greatly reduced CO2 and water vapor content in the pyrolysis gas, the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas treated by this secondary pyrolysis chamber structure can exceed 4000 kcal per standard cubic meter. The low-tar, high-calorific-value pyrolysis gas provides excellent conditions for its subsequent energy utilization.

[0041] Meanwhile, to prevent heat loss during pyrolysis, simply wrap the insulation cotton 21 around the outside of the shell 1, and then move the first connecting plate 22 toward the second connecting plate 23 so that the first magnet 24 and the second magnet 25 are magnetically attracted to each other. This completes the installation of the insulation cotton 21. When it needs to be disassembled, simply pull the first connecting plate 22 toward the second connecting plate 23 on both sides to separate the first magnet 24 and the second magnet 25, and then the insulation cotton 21 can be removed. Example 2

[0042] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0043] Please see Figure 7 An annular combustion chamber 16 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the housing 1, and a second Brown gas intake pipe 17 is connected to one side of the annular combustion chamber 16.

[0044] Working principle: The second Brown gas inlet pipe 17 passes through the annular combustion chamber 16, and an igniter 12 is installed inside the annular combustion chamber 16. The Brown gas burns inside the annular combustion chamber 16 and is used only as a heating gas. It is not directly mixed with the pyrolysis gas, so that the shell 1 can obtain a higher heating temperature of the secondary pyrolysis chamber.

[0045] In summary, by employing the internal heating method of delivering Brown gas through the first Brown gas inlet pipe 4 for combustion, the thermal energy required to rapidly raise the temperature of the pyrolysis gas to above 900°C can be efficiently provided. After the Brown gas and pyrolysis gas are pre-spun by the first spiral plate 14 and the second spiral plate 15, they are fully mixed in the mixing chamber 10. After being ignited by the igniter 12, the temperature of the pyrolysis gas can be rapidly raised to above 900°C. At the same time, the presence of hydrogen in the Brown gas, due to its good reducing properties and high-temperature reactivity, generates water vapor after the Brown gas is burned, providing raw materials for the generation of water gas.

[0046] In catalyst layer 6, under the action of the catalyst and the functional groups in the Brownian gas, the high-temperature pyrolysis gas can completely decompose the tar into short-chain non-condensable gases of alkanes and alkenes with small carbon atoms. This eliminates the harm caused by the tar produced in the primary pyrolysis process to the equipment and the energy utilization of the pyrolysis gas. At a temperature above 900℃, the combustible gas passing through the secondary pyrolysis chamber passes through filter layer 8. The activated carbon in filter layer 8, under the action of the catalyst contained in filter layer 8, catalytically reduces the CO2 contained in the pyrolysis gas to CO, thereby greatly increasing the content of combustible CO and greatly reducing the content of non-combustible CO2 in the pyrolysis gas. At the same time, under the action of the catalyst, at this temperature, the water vapor in the pyrolysis gas reacts with carbon to produce water gas (H2) and CO, which can significantly increase the calorific value of the combustible gas and provide excellent conditions for the energy utilization of the pyrolysis gas.

[0047] Through the mutual magnetic attraction of the magnets, the insulation cotton 21 can be quickly and firmly installed on the shell 1. When the insulation cotton 21 needs to be cleaned, replaced or repaired, it can be easily removed due to the use of magnetic connection, without the need for additional tools or damage to the original fixing structure, which greatly simplifies the installation and disassembly process and improves work efficiency. The insulation cotton 21 is tightly attached to the shell 1, reducing the possibility of heat loss through the shell 1, thereby improving the insulation effect of the pyrolysis chamber.

[0048] The annular combustion chamber 16 can heat the shell 1 more evenly, making the temperature distribution in the secondary pyrolysis chamber more uniform. Brown gas burns in the annular combustion chamber 16 without directly mixing with the pyrolysis gas, avoiding chemical reactions between different gases and reducing potential safety hazards and unnecessary energy consumption.

[0049] By utilizing the excellent self-oxygenated combustion characteristics and catalytic properties of Brown gas, it is applied to the cracking treatment of tar in pyrolysis gas. Brown gas is directly introduced into the shell 1 of the pyrolysis gas, and the energy of the high-temperature water vapor generated by the combustion of Brown gas is used to directly heat the pyrolysis gas, providing energy for tar cracking. The method of internally heating combustible gas for secondary pyrolysis is simple in structure and has high heating efficiency, which can greatly reduce the temperature resistance requirements of the secondary pyrolysis chamber and improve its service life.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of this utility model can be combined or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in this utility model. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of this utility model can be combined or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of this utility model. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment, comprising a shell (1) suitable for solid waste treatment, characterized in that: One end of the housing (1) is connected to an outlet pipe (3), and the other end of the housing (1) is connected to a first Brown gas inlet pipe (4) and a pyrolysis gas inlet pipe (5). A partition is fixed on the inner wall of the housing (1), a second spiral plate (15) is fixed on the inner wall of the partition, and a first spiral plate (14) is fixed on the outer side of the partition. The first spiral plate (14) is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe (11) on one side, the second spiral plate (15) is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe (11) on one side, and an igniter (12) is installed on one side of the second spiral plate (15). The shell (1) is provided with a first pyrolysis chamber (7), a second pyrolysis chamber (9) and a mixing chamber (10) respectively. The inner wall of the first pyrolysis chamber (7) is equipped with a filter layer (8), and the inner wall of the second pyrolysis chamber (9) is equipped with a catalyst layer (6). The outer side of the housing (1) is provided with a heat insulation component (2).

2. The secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation component (2) includes insulation cotton (21), and the two ends of the insulation cotton (21) are respectively connected to a first connecting plate (22) and a second connecting plate (23). The inner side of the insulation cotton (21) is wrapped around the outer side of the shell (1).

3. The secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second magnet (25) is installed on one side of the first connecting plate (22), and a first magnet (24) is installed on one side of the second connecting plate (23).

4. The secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first connecting plate (22) and the second connecting plate (23) are cuboids.

5. The secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis gas inlet pipe (5) is located on one side of the inlet end of the first spiral plate (14), and the first Brown gas inlet pipe (4) is located on one side of the second spiral plate (15).

6. The secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular combustion chamber (16) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the housing (1), and a second Brown gas intake pipe (17) is connected to one side of the annular combustion chamber (16).

7. The secondary pyrolysis chamber for solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The igniter (12), pyrolysis gas outlet pipe (11) and Brown gas outlet pipe (13) are all located inside the mixing chamber (10).

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